Great Seljuk : 1194 – Toghrul III was killed in battle with Tekish
29-516: Ibrahim Bey or İbrahim Bey may refer to: Bedreddin İbrahim I of Karaman (r. 1312–1333 and 1348–1349), Bey of the Beylik of Karaman Taceddin İbrahim II of Candar (r. 1440–1443), Bey of the Beylik of Candar İbrahim II of Karaman aka Damad II (?–1464), Bey of the Beylik of Karaman Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire (1615-1648), Sultan of
58-627: A result of the intrigues of the chancellor Mu'in al-Din Suleyman, the Pervane , Karaman Bey and his two brothers, Zeynül-Hac and Bunsuz, marched toward Konya , the Seljuq capital, with 20,000 men. A combined Seljuq and Mongol army, led by the Pervane, defeated the Karamanid army and captured Karaman Bey's two brothers. After Karaman Bey died in 1262, his older son, Mehmet I of Karaman , became
87-590: A strong level of influence in the region, such as the Eldiguzids . In 1194, Toghrul III was killed in battle with the Khwarezm Shah , who annexed Hamadan. Kerman was a province in southern Persia. Between 1053 and 1154, the territory also included Umman . or 1074 (before Sultan Shah) Muhammad abandoned Kerman, which fell into the hands of the Oghuz chief Malik Dinar . Kerman was eventually annexed by
116-540: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Beylik of Karaman The Karamanids ( Turkish : Karamanoğulları or Karamanoğulları Beyliği ), also known as the Emirate of Karaman and Beylik of Karaman ( Turkish : Karamanoğulları Beyliği ), was an Anatolian beylik of Salur tribe origin, centered in South-Central Anatolia around
145-744: The Kinik branch of the Oghuz Turks , who in the 8th century lived on the periphery of the Muslim world; north of the Caspian Sea and Aral Sea in their Oghuz Yabgu State in the Kazakh Steppe of Turkestan . During the 10th century, Oghuz had come into close contact with Muslim cities. When Seljuk , the leader of the Seljuk clan, had a falling out with Yabghu , the supreme chieftain of
174-788: The Ottoman Empire Ibrahim Bey (Mamluk) (1735–1817), Mamluk chieftain in Egypt Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt (1789–1848), Egyptian general and ruler Ibrahim Bey (Constantine) , Algerian ruler of Constantine, Algeria (1822-1824). Avraamy Aslanbegov aka Ibrahim bey Aslanbeyov (1822–1900), Azeri admiral and military author Ibrahim bey Usubov (1872–1920), Azeri general Cihangirzade İbrahim Bey (1874-1948), Turkish military officer and statesman İbrahim Çolak (officer) (1881-1944), Turkish military officer Kamel Ibrahim Bey, Egyptian Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1935 to 1936 Topics referred to by
203-730: The Saljuqids , was an Oghuz Turkic , Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture in West Asia and Central Asia . The Seljuks established the Seljuk Empire (1037–1194), the Sultanate of Kermân (1041–1186) and the Sultanate of Rum (1074–1308), which stretched from Iran to Anatolia and were the prime targets of the First Crusade . The Seljuks originated from
232-638: The Salur tribe of Oghuz Turks . According to others, they were members of the Afshar tribe , which participated in the revolt led by Baba Ishak and afterwards moved to the western Taurus Mountains , near the town of Larende , where they came to serve the Seljuks . Nure Sofi worked there as a woodcutter. His son, Kerîmeddin Karaman Bey , gained tenuous control over the mountainous parts of Cilicia in
261-780: The Egyptian sultan Sayf ad-Din Inal sent an army to retake Tarsus from the Karamanids. The Egyptian Mamluks damaged Konya after defeating the Karamanids, and Mehmet Bey retreated from Konya . Ramazanoğlu Ali Bey pursued and captured him; according to an agreement between the two leaders, Mehmet Bey was exiled to Egypt for the rest of his life. During the Crusade of Varna against the Ottomans in 1443–44, Karamanid İbrahim Bey marched on Ankara and Kütahya , destroying both cities. In
290-785: The Karamanid army had 25,000 riders and 25,000 saracens . They could also rely on some Turkmen tribes and their warriors. Their economic activities depended mostly on control of strategic commercial areas such as Konya , Karaman and the ports of Lamos, Silifke , Anamur , and Manavgat . 66 mosques , 8 hammams , 2 caravanserais and 3 medreses built by the Karamanids survived to the present day. Notable examples of Karamanid architecture include: 2nd:1352 2nd:1356 2nd:1340 2nd:1349 2nd:1421 2nd:1423 Seljuks The Seljuk dynasty , or Seljukids ( / ˈ s ɛ l dʒ ʊ k / SEL -juuk ; Persian : سلجوقیان Saljuqian , alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), Seljuqs , also known as Seljuk Turks , Seljuk Turkomans or
319-684: The Oghuz, he split his clan from the bulk of the Oghuz Turks and set up camp on the west bank of the lower Syr Darya . Around 985, Seljuk converted to Islam. In the 11th century, the Seljuks migrated from their ancestral homelands into mainland Persia , in the province of Khurasan , where they encountered the Ghaznavids . The Seljuks defeated the Ghaznavids at the Battle of Nasa Plains in 1035. Seljuk's grandsons, Tughril and Chaghri, received
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#1732780138829348-522: The Seljuks adopted the Persian culture and used the Persian language as the official language of the government, and played an important role in the development of the Turko-Persian tradition which features "Persian culture patronized by Turkic rulers". Today, they are remembered as great patrons of Persian culture , art , literature , and language . The "Great Seljuks" were heads of
377-532: The city and damaged it; this would not be the last Karamanid invasion of Ottoman lands. However, Mehmet Bey was captured by Bayezid Pasha and sent to prison. He apologized for what he had done and was forgiven by the Ottoman ruler. Ramazanoğlu Ali Bey captured Tarsus while Mehmet Bey was in prison. Mustafa Bey, son of Mehmet Bey, retook the city during a conflict between the Emirs of Sham and Egypt . After that,
406-631: The daughter of the Ottoman sultan Murat I , the first important contact between the two dynasties. As Ottoman power expanded into the Balkans , Aleaddin Ali Bey captured the city of Beyşehir , which had been an Ottoman city. However, it did not take much time for the Ottomans to react and march on Konya, the Karamanoğlu capital city. A treaty between the two kingdoms was formed, and peace existed until
435-740: The expense of the Kingdom of Lesser Armenia (and perhaps at the expense of Rukn al-Din Kilij Arslan IV , 1248–1265); in any case it is certain that he fought against the Kingdom of Lesser Armenia (and probably even died in this fight) to such extent that King Hethum I (1226–1269) had to place himself voluntarily under the sovereignty of the great Khan , in order to protect his kingdom from Mamluks and Seljuks (1244). The rivalry between Kilij Arslan IV and Izz al-Din Kaykaus II allowed
464-532: The family; in theory their authority extended over all the other Seljuk lines, although in practice this often was not the case. Turkic custom called for the senior member of the family to be the Great Seljuk, although usually the position was associated with the ruler of western Persia. The rulers of western Persia, who maintained a very loose grip on the Abbasids of Baghdad . Several Turkic emirs gained
493-474: The general confusion, Mehmed Bey captured Konya on 12 May and placed on the throne a pretender called Jimri , who claimed to be the son of Kaykaus . In the end, however, Mehmed was defeated by Seljuq and Mongol forces and executed with some of his brothers in 1278. Despite these blows, the Karamanids continued to increase their power and influence, largely aided by the Mamluks of Egypt , especially during
522-621: The head of the house. He immediately negotiated alliances with other Turkmen clans to raise an army against the Seljuqs and Ilkhanids . During the 1276 revolt of Hatıroğlu Şemseddin Bey against Mongol domination in Anatolia, Karamanids also defeated several Mongol-Seljuq armies. In the Battle of Göksu in 1277 in particular, the central power of the Seljuq was dealt a severe blow. Taking advantage of
551-537: The insignias of governor, grants of land, and were given the title of dehqan . At the Battle of Dandanaqan , they defeated a Ghaznavid army, and after a successful siege of Isfahan by Tughril in 1050/51, established the Great Seljuk Empire . The Seljuks mixed with the local population and adopted the Persian culture and Persian language in the following decades. After arriving in Persia ,
580-549: The meantime, the Ottoman sultan Murad II was returning from Rumelia with a victory against the Hungarian Crusaders. Like all other Islamic emirates in Anatolia, the Karamanids were accused of treason. Hence, İbrahim Bey accepted all Ottoman terms. The Karamanid state was eventually terminated by the Ottomans in 1487, as the power of their Mameluke allies was declining. Some were resettled in various parts of Anatolia. Large groups were accommodated in northern Iran on
609-652: The middle of the 13th century. A persistent but spurious legend, however, claims that the Seljuq Sultan of Rum , Kayqubad I , instead established a Karamanid dynasty in these lands. Karaman Bey expanded his territories by capturing castles in Ermenek , Mut , Ereğli , Gülnar , and Silifke . The year of the conquests is reported as 1225, during the reign of Ala al-Din Kaykubadh I (1220–1237), which seems excessively early. Karaman Bey's conquests were mainly at
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#1732780138829638-463: The present-day Karaman Province . From the mid 14th century until its fall in 1487, the Karamanid dynasty was one of the most powerful beyliks in Anatolia. The Karamanids traced their ancestry from Hodja Sad al-Din and his son Nure Sufi Bey , who emigrated from Arran (roughly encompassing modern-day Azerbaijan ) to Sivas because of the Mongol invasion in 1230. The Karamanids were members of
667-557: The reign of Baybars . Karamanids captured Konya on two more occasions at the beginning of the 14th century but were driven out the first time by emir Chupan , the Ilkhanid governor of Anatolia, and the second time by Chupan's son and successor Timurtash . An expansion of Karamanoğlu power occurred after the fall of the Ilkhanids in the 1330s. A second expansion coincided with Karamanoğlu Alâeddin Ali Bey's marriage to Nefise Hatun ,
696-523: The reign of Bayezid I . Timur gave control of the Karamanid lands to Mehmet Bey, the oldest son of Aleaddin Ali Bey. After Bayezid I died in 1403, the Ottoman Empire went into a political crisis as the Ottoman family fell prey to internecine strife. It was an opportunity not only for Karamanids but also for all of the Anatolian beyliks . Mehmet Bey assembled an army to march on Bursa . He captured
725-419: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Ibrahim Bey . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim_Bey&oldid=1174030256 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
754-523: The same year, fighting the Sultan of Rum , who had not paid the tax, and he managed to defeat the sultan a second time. Rukn al-Din Kilidj Arslan IV got rid of almost all hostile begs and amirs except Karaman Bey, to whom he gave the town of Larende (now Karaman , in honour of the dynasty) and Ermenek (c. 1260) in order to win him to his side. In the meantime, Bunsuz, brother of Karaman Bey,
783-463: The territory of present-day Azerbaijan . The main part was brought to the newly conquered territories in north-eastern Bulgaria – the Ludogorie region, another group – to what is now northern Greece and southern Bulgaria— present-day Kardzhali region and Macedonia . Ottomans founded Karaman Eyalet from former territories of Karamanids. According to Mesâlik-ül-Ebsâr, written by Şehâbeddin Ömer,
812-458: The tribes in the border areas to live virtually independently. Karaman Bey helped Kaykaus, but Arslan had the support of both the Mongols and Pervâne Sulayman Muin al-Din (who had the real power in the sultanate). The Mongolian governor and general Baiju was dismissed from office in 1256 because he had failed to conquer new territories. Still, he continued to serve as a general and appeared,
841-399: Was chosen as a Candar , or bodyguard, for Kilij Arslan IV . Their power rose as a result of the unification of Turkish clans that lived in the mountainous regions of Cilicia with the new Turkish population transferred there by Kayqubad. Good relations between the Seljuqs and the Karamanids did not last. In 1261, on the pretext of supporting Kaykaus II , who had fled to Constantinople as
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