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43-559: When root beer (sarsaparilla for Australia and New Zealand) and vanilla ice cream are used, the beverage is typically referred to as a root beer (sarsaparilla) float (United States and Canada). A close variation is the coke float , using cola . The ice cream float was invented by Robert M. Green in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , in 1874 during the Franklin Institute 's semicentennial celebration. The traditional story

86-528: A creamy, bottled drink. This drink is prepared similarly to a chocolate ice cream soda, but with strawberry syrup and strawberry (or vanilla) ice cream used instead. In Brazil, a vaca amarela (yellow cow) or vaca dourada (golden cow) is an ice cream soda combination of vanilla ice cream and orange or guaraná soda, respectively. At least in Brazil and Portugal , a non-alcoholic ice cream soda made by combining vanilla or chocolate ice cream and Coca-Cola

129-493: A factory in Highland Park, Michigan from 1941 to 1994, which employed 300 at its peak. Originally, the factory sourced fresh milk for their confectionery treats from the adjacent "Cow Palace", until prevented by a change in city ordinances. In 1994, the company was forced to sell the factory because the ceilings provided insufficient clearance for newer equipment. The former factory succumbed to fire in 2012. By 1962 when

172-508: A family recipe, became one of its most famous products. It is also known for its bumpy cake , named for the thick ridges of ganache -covered buttercream on top. As the company grew, it quickly became the dominant candy company in Detroit. It came to operate a chain of stand-alone neighborhood candy stores, some featuring counters that also served light lunches and soda fountain drinks. The company produced their candy and other products at

215-490: A float made with root beer and chocolate ice cream is a "chocolate cow" or a "brown cow". In some places a "black cow" or a "brown cow" was made with cola instead of root beer. In 2008, the Dr Pepper Snapple Group introduced its Float beverage line. This includes A&W Root Beer, A&W Cream Soda and Sunkist flavors which attempt to simulate the taste of their respective ice cream float flavors in

258-423: A glass of Vernors. Later, vanilla ice cream was substituted for the cream and blended like a milkshake . The local myth, that it was named after Detroit's Boston Boulevard, is belied by the fact that Boston Boulevard did not exist at the time. It remains a popular summer drink in the Detroit area. This ice cream soda starts with approximately 1 oz of chocolate syrup , then several scoops of chocolate ice cream in

301-479: A melon half. The name was also applied to a number of different ice-cream float combinations, including root beer , though ginger ale became the most common soft drink component. By the 1880s a version of the Boston cooler was being served in Detroit by Sanders Confectionery , made with Sanders' ice cream and Vernors. Originally, a drink called a Vernors Cream was served as a shot or two of sweet cream poured into

344-616: A more general context, a purple cow may refer to a non-carbonated grape juice and vanilla ice cream combination. Grapico , a brand of grape soda bottled in Birmingham, Alabama , is ubiquitously linked to ice cream floats in that state. The soda is named after Gelett Burgess 's 1895 nonsense poem Purple Cow . Also known as a "black cow" or "brown cow", the root beer float is traditionally made with vanilla ice cream and root beer, but it can also be made with other ice cream flavors. Frank J. Wisner, owner of Colorado's Cripple Creek Brewing,

387-499: A natural, long lasting foam, a characteristic feature of the beverage. Root beer was originally carbonated by fermentation. As demand and technology changed, carbonated water was used. Some manufacturers used small amounts of starch (e.g. from cassava ) with natural surfactants to reproduce the familiar foaming character of sassafras-based root beer. Some brands of root beer have distinctive foaming behaviors, which has been used as part of their marketing identity. Commercial root beer

430-522: A soft drink (usually root beer). Variations of ice cream floats are as countless as the varieties of drinks and the flavors of ice cream, but some have become more prominent than others. Some of the most popular are described below: In 2014, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter themed area at the Universal Orlando debuted the drink composed of the ingredients brown sugar and butter syrup mixed with cream soda and whipped cream based on

473-413: A tall glass. Unflavored carbonated water is added until the glass is filled and the resulting foam rises above the top of the glass. The final touch is a topping of whipped cream and usually, a maraschino cherry . This variation of ice cream soda was available at local soda fountains and nationally, at Dairy Queen stores for many years. A similar soda made with chocolate syrup but vanilla ice cream

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516-534: A thick and foamy head . A common use is to add vanilla ice cream to make a root beer float . Since safrole , a key component of sassafras, was banned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1960 due to its carcinogenicity , most commercial root beers have been flavored using artificial sassafras flavoring, but a few (e.g. Hansen's) use a safrole-free sassafras extract. Major root beer producers include PepsiCo , Coca-Cola Company , Dad's , Keurig Dr. Pepper , and A&W . Root beer has been drunk in

559-418: A tower featuring a cupola reminiscent of Moorish architecture . The store later moved to the site of a former Hudson's , also on Woodward, and named the "Palace of Sweets". Although Sanders is not the only man claimed to have invented the ice cream float , a popular story claims that when he found that his cream had gone sour, he substituted ice cream for it in a cream soda. The company's hot fudge, based on

602-515: Is credited with creating the first root beer float on August 19, 1893. The similarly flavored soft drink birch beer may also be used instead of root beer. In the United States and Canada, the chain A&;W Restaurants are well known for their root beer floats. The definition of a black cow varies by region. For instance, in some localities, a "root beer float" has strictly vanilla ice cream;

645-468: Is known as vaca-preta ("black cow"). Root beer Root beer is a sweet North American soft drink traditionally made using the root bark of the sassafras tree Sassafras albidum or the vine of Smilax ornata (known as sarsaparilla; also used to make a soft drink called sarsaparilla ) as the primary flavor. Root beer is typically, but not exclusively, non-alcoholic , caffeine-free , sweet, and carbonated . Like cola , it usually has

688-513: Is known as " helado flotante " ("floating ice cream") or " flotante ". In El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Costa Rica, and Colombia, it is called " vaca negra " (black cow); in Brazil, " vaca preta "; and in Puerto Rico, a "black out". In the United States, an "ice cream soda" typically refers to the drink containing soda water, syrup, and ice cream, whereas a "float" is generally ice cream in

731-489: Is known as a "spider" because once the carbonation hits the ice cream it forms a spider web-like reaction. It is traditionally made using either lime or pink cream soda . In the UK and Ireland, it is usually referred to as an "ice-cream float" or simply a "float," as "soda" is usually taken to mean soda water . Sweetened carbonated drinks are instead collectively called "soft drinks," "(fizzy) pop," or "fizzy juice." In Mexico, it

774-425: Is no longer used in commercially produced root beer and is sometimes replaced with artificial flavors, natural extracts with the safrole distilled and removed are available. One traditional recipe for making root beer involves cooking a syrup from molasses and water, letting the syrup cool for three hours, and combining it with the root ingredients (including sassafras root, sassafras bark, and wintergreen ). Yeast

817-736: Is now produced in Canada and every U.S. state. Although this beverage's popularity is greatest in North America, some brands are produced in or imported by other countries, including Australia, the United Kingdom, Malaysia, Argentina, Germany, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea, Indonesia, Sweden, Vietnam, and Thailand. The flavor of these beverages may vary from typical North American versions, or be similar to those found in North America. While no standard recipe exists,

860-429: Is often thickened, foamed or carbonated. Most major brands other than Barq's are caffeine -free (Barq's contains about 1.8 mg of caffeine per fluid ounce). Root beer can be made at home with processed extract obtained from a factory, or it can also be made from herbs and roots that have not yet been processed. Alcoholic and non-alcoholic traditional root beers make a thick and foamy head when poured, often enhanced by

903-501: Is popular in New Orleans and parts of Ohio , made with a syrup consisting of equal parts almond and vanilla syrups mixed with sweetened condensed milk and a touch of red food coloring to produce a pink, opalescent syrup base for the soda. In the context of ice cream soda, a purple cow is vanilla ice cream in purple grape soda. The Purple Cow, a restaurant chain in the southern United States, features this and similar beverages. In

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946-400: Is sometimes called a "black and white" ice cream soda. In Japan, an ice cream float known as a cream soda is made with vanilla ice cream and melon soda , often topped with a single maraschino cherry . In Mexico, popular versions are made from coca-cola with coconut and Kahlúa ice cream, from chocolate coca-cola with vanilla ice cream, and from red wine with lemon ice cream. This variant

989-477: Is still well-known today. Safrole , the aromatic oil found in sassafras roots and bark that gave traditional root beer its distinctive flavor, was banned in commercially mass-produced foods and drugs by the FDA in 1960. Laboratory animals that were given oral doses of sassafras tea or sassafras oil that contained large doses of safrole developed permanent liver damage or various types of cancer . While sassafras

1032-579: Is that, on a particularly hot day, Green ran out of ice for the flavored drinks he was selling and instead used vanilla ice cream from a neighboring vendor, inventing a new drink. His own account, published in Soda Fountain magazine in 1910, states that while operating a soda fountain at the celebration, he wanted to create a new treat to attract customers away from another vendor who had a larger, fancier soda fountain. After some experimentation, he decided to combine ice cream and flavored soda. During

1075-499: Is used to make the beverage brown. Ingredients in early and traditional root beers include allspice, birch bark, coriander , juniper , ginger , wintergreen, hops, burdock root, dandelion root, spikenard , pipsissewa , guaiacum chips, sarsaparilla, spicewood, wild cherry bark, yellow dock , prickly ash bark, sassafras root, vanilla beans, dog grass, molasses and licorice. Many of these ingredients are still used in traditional and commercially produced root beer today, which

1118-527: The Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals approved a plan offered by Sanders' employees' union, United Distributive Workers Council 30, for the purchase of the company's assets by Country Home Bakery. In 2002 Morley Candy Makers , another Michigan-based confectioner, purchased the Sanders name and original recipes, adding to its own product line. Country Home Bakery, which no longer included Sanders,

1161-567: The originally fictional drink served at Hogsmeade . In 2016, Starbucks debuted the Smoked Butterbeer Frappuccino Latte . A beer float is made of Guinness stout, chocolate ice cream, and espresso. Although the Shakin' Jesse version is blended into more of a milkshake consistency, most restaurant bars can make the beer float version. When making at home, the beer and espresso should be very cold so as to not melt

1204-448: The United States since at least the eighteenth century. It has been sold in confectionery stores since at least the 1840s, and written recipes for root beer have been documented since the 1830s. In the nineteenth century, it was often consumed hot and was often used with medicinal intent . It was combined with soda as early as the 1850s; at that time it was sold as a syrup rather than a ready-made beverage. Beyond its aromatic qualities,

1247-452: The addition of yucca extract, soybean protein, or other thickeners. Alcoholic root beers produced in the 2000s have included Small Town Brewery 's Not Your Father's Root Beer; Coney Island Brewing Co. 's hard root beer; and Best Damn Brewing Co.'s Best Damn Root Beer. Sanders Confectionery Sanders Chocolates is an American brand of chocolates that was founded by Fred Sanders on June 17, 1875. According to company history, by

1290-683: The celebration, he sold vanilla ice cream with soda and a choice of 16 flavored syrups. The new treat was a sensation and soon other soda fountains began selling ice cream floats. Green's will instructed that "Originator of the Ice Cream Soda" was to be engraved on his tombstone. There are at least three other claimants for the invention of the root beer (sarsaparilla)float: Fred Sanders, Philip Mohr, and George Guy , one of Robert Green's own employees. Guy claimed to have absentmindedly mixed ice cream and soda in 1872, much to his customers' delight . In Australia and New Zealand, an ice cream float

1333-470: The company had become a growing national presence as a popular dessert and candy brand. In 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States forced the company to close all but three of its few remaining retail locations in metro Detroit. After rethinking its business model and noting strong local and nationwide demand for its products online, the company announced that it was accelerating the development of

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1376-632: The founder's great-grandson John Sanders took over operations, the company made more than $ 20 million a year in sales. At that time, the company had 111 stores and was sold in malls and grocery stores nation-wide. Many artifacts from Sanders' history are exhibited at the Detroit Historical Museum . Sanders was one of the first businesses in Detroit to be open on Sunday. Although profitable, Fred Sanders eventually bowed to pressure and closed on Sundays. The Detroit Historical Society recognizes Sanders for innovations including: Sanders

1419-462: The ice cream Today, a Boston cooler is typically composed of Vernors ginger ale and vanilla ice cream. The first reference to a Boston cooler appears in the St. Louis Post Dispatch where a New York bartender claimed to have coined the phrase for a summer cocktail of sarsaparilla and ginger ale. In the 1910s, the term was applied in soda fountains and ice cream parlors to a scoop of ice cream served in

1462-549: The medicinal benefits of sassafras were well known to both Native Americans and Europeans, and druggists began marketing root beer for its medicinal qualities. Pharmacist Charles Elmer Hires was the first to successfully market a commercial brand of root beer. Hires developed his root tea made from sassafras in 1875, debuted a commercial version of root beer at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition in 1876, and began selling his extract. Hires

1505-656: The mid-20th century, the company operated 57 retail stores in the Great Lakes region , featuring counter service offering candy , fudge toppings, baked goods, light lunches and an assortment of desserts. Sanders is known for its bumpy cake and hot fudge cream puffs. The company was founded by the German-born Frederick Sanders Schmidt on June 17, 1875, when he opened a candy store on Woodward Avenue at Gratiot in downtown Detroit . Schmidt, who went by his middle name, chose Sanders as

1548-534: The name of his company. The first shop was opened in Chicago but relocated to Detroit after it was destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 . Ice cream was soon added to the menu, followed by baked goods and sweet cream sodas . The "Pavilion of Sweets", the company's most well-known confectionery shop, opened at the corner of Michigan and Woodward avenues in 1891, featuring a red and white awning and

1591-432: The primary ingredients in modern root beer are filtered water, sugar, and safrole-free sassafras extract, which complements other flavors. Common flavorings are vanilla , caramel , wintergreen , black cherry bark, licorice root , sarsaparilla root , nutmeg , acacia , anise , molasses , cinnamon , sweet birch , and honey . Soybean protein or yucca are sometimes used to create a foamy quality, and caramel coloring

1634-486: The second president outside of the Sanders family. The company was in danger of running out of money due to a protracted recession in Detroit and Michigan, coupled with increased costs for sugar and chocolate. In 1981, the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in order to protect it from legal action from its over 700 creditors who were owed $ 4 million in unsecured debt . At that time, the company employed 1200 people at its 50 retail outlets and factory. On May 4, 1988,

1677-478: Was Barq's , which began selling its sarsaparilla-based root beer in 1898 and was labeled simply as "Barq's". In 1919, Roy Allen opened his root-beer stand in Lodi, California , which led to the development of A&W Root Beer. One of Allen's innovations was that he served his homemade root beer in cold, frosty mugs. IBC Root Beer is another brand of commercially produced root beer that emerged during this period and

1720-534: Was a teetotaler who wanted to call the beverage "root tea". However, his desire to market the product to Pennsylvania coal miners caused him to call his product "root beer", instead. In 1886, Hires began to bottle a beverage made from his famous extract. By 1893, root beer was distributed widely across the United States. Non-alcoholic versions of root beer became commercially successful, especially during Prohibition . Not all traditional or commercial root beers were sassafras-based. One of Hires's early competitors

1763-434: Was added, and the beverage was left to ferment for 12 hours, after which it was strained and rebottled for secondary fermentation. This recipe usually resulted in a beverage of 2% alcohol or less, although the recipe could be modified to produce a more alcoholic beverage (such variation is called "hard root beer"). Root beer was originally made with sassafras root and bark which, due to its mucilaginous properties, formed

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1806-470: Was among the first in Detroit to operate equipment run by electric motors, at the time a new technology prone to frequent breakdowns. Henry Ford , then a young mechanic who worked at Edison Illuminating Company , was often hired to repair the motors. During the 1970s and 1980s the company struggled financially as it faced increased competition. Eventually, it was forced to close its flagship downtown store. In 1979, Stephen A. Horn took over operations as only

1849-469: Was purchased in 2004 by J&J Snack Foods . In 2018, Sanders became a division of Kar's Nuts when it acquired Morley and Sanders. In 2021, Kar's and Sanders were united under the corporate name Second Nature Brands, acquired in 2022 by UK -based private equity company CapVest Limited . By 2014, the number of Sanders shops in metro Detroit had been reduced to nine; however, two additional retail outlets operated on Mackinac Island, Michigan. By 2016,

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