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34-422: Ichigaya ( 市谷 or 市ヶ谷・市ケ谷 ) is an area in the eastern portion of Shinjuku , Tokyo , Japan . 35°41′14″N 139°44′16″E  /  35.68714°N 139.73768°E  / 35.68714; 139.73768 Shinjuku, Tokyo Shinjuku ( Japanese : 新宿区 , Hepburn : Shinjuku-ku , IPA: [ɕiɲdʑɯkɯ] ) , officially called Shinjuku City , is a special ward of Tokyo , Japan . It

68-564: A city . The current mayor is Kenichi Yoshizumi. The ward council ( 区議会 , kugikai ) consists of 38 elected members; the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeitō Party together currently hold a majority. The Democratic Party of Japan , Japanese Communist Party and the Social Democratic Party are also represented together with four independents . Shinjuku's city office ( 区役所 , kuyakusho )

102-482: A branch office in Chiyoda. At one point, Cantor Fitzgerald had an office in Chiyoda. Home to the massive Tokyo station with a multitude of subways, railways and long-distance services. As of 1 May 2003 , Chiyoda has eight elementary schools, with 2,647 students, and five junior high schools with 1,123 students. Public elementary, junior high schools and Kudan Secondary School in Chiyoda are operated by

136-1893: A jogging trail and a tourist site. On October 1, 2001, Chiyoda had 36,233 business establishments with 888,149 employees. 0verflow , Asahi Glass , Bungeishunjū , Calbee , Creatures Inc. , Datam Polystar , DIC Corporation , Dowa Holdings , Furukawa Electric , HAL Laboratory , Hakusensha , Jaleco , The Japan FM Network Company , Japan Freight Railway Company , Japan Post Holdings , JFE Holdings , Kadokawa Corporation , KDDI , Konica Minolta , Kyowa Hakko Kirin , Lixil Group Corporation , Maeda Corporation , Mitsubishi Estate , MCDecaux , Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group , Mizuho Financial Group , Nabtesco , Nakano Corporation , New Otani , Nikken Sekkei , Nippon Cable , Nippon Flour Mills , Nippon Paper Industries , Nippon Soda , Nippon Suisan Kaisha , Nitto Boseki , NTT docomo , Orient Watch Company , Seibu Kaihatsu , Seven & i Holdings , Shin-Etsu Chemical , Shogakukan , Shueisha , SMC Corporation , Sony Music Entertainment Japan , Tanaka Kikinzoku Group , Toho , Toho Zinc , Tokio Marine Nichido , Tokuyama Corporation , Tokyo FM , Toppan Printing , Ushio, Inc. , Yamazaki Baking Company , Vie de France , YKK Group , and Yomiuri Shimbun are headquartered in Chiyoda. Mazda has an office in Chiyoda. Foreign companies with Japanese divisions in Chiyoda include Aeroméxico , AMI Japan (subsidiary of American Megatrends ), Chloé Japan , Hewlett-Packard Japan, LVMH , Ropes & Gray , Sidley Austin , Sunoco , and Swiss International Air Lines . Japanese companies which formerly had their headquarters in Chiyoda include All Nippon Airways , Bandai Visual , Galaxy Airlines , Japan Airlines , Japan Asia Airways , Mitsui Chemicals , Nippon Cargo Airlines , Taito , and Yamato Life . In 1998 Fujitsu operated

170-440: A modernization of the addressing system has not been enforced yet except Kanda-Sarugakuchō and Kanda-Misakichō. All officially start with the prefix "Kanda-", but it is sometimes omitted in daily life. Iwamotochō and Kanda-Iwamotochō are different districts (as is the case for Kajichō and Kanda-Kajichō) Per Japanese census data, the population has almost doubled since 2000 after continuous decline. East Imperial Garden, located on

204-533: A waterway for boats. National Diet Building Park, located adjacent to the Diet Building and divided in two by a street, includes American dogwoods planted to symbolize the relations between the United States and Japan. Hibiya Park, Japan's first western-style park, includes restaurants, open-air concert halls, and tennis courts. Imperial Palace Outer Garden, in the front of Nijubashi Bridge, serves as

238-494: Is Takaaki Higuchi. For the Metropolitan Assembly , Chiyoda forms a single-member electoral district. It had been represented by Liberal Democrats for 50 years until the landslide 2009 election when then 26-year-old Democratic newcomer Zenkō Kurishita unseated 70-year-old former Metropolitan Assembly president and six term assemblyman, Liberal Democrat Shigeru Uchida. In the 2013 election , no Democrat contested

272-597: Is a major commercial and administrative center, housing the northern half of the busiest railway station in the world ( Shinjuku Station ) as well as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building , the administrative center of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government . As of 2018 , the ward has an estimated population of 346,235 and a population density of 18,232 people per km . The total area is 18.23 km . Since

306-670: Is also home to the National Diet , the Supreme Court of Japan and the residence of the Prime Minister of Japan and is the political nerve center of Japan . On December 31, 2001, Chiyoda had 6,572 buildings which were four stories or taller. Some of the districts in Chiyoda are actually not inhabited, either because they are parks (Hibiya Koen), because they consist only of office buildings (Otemachi or Marunouchi), and/or because they are extremely small. The area on

340-601: Is also the political center of the country. Chiyoda, literally meaning " field of a thousand generations", inherited the name from the Chiyoda Castle, the other name for Edo Castle , which is the site of the present-day Imperial Palace. With the seat of the Emperor in the Imperial Palace at the ward's center, many government institutions, such as the National Diet , the Prime Minister's Official Residence ,

374-537: Is home to the publishers Shinchosha and Futabasha . The main store of the Books Kinokuniya bookstore chain is also located in Shinjuku. By 2012 people of Chinese citizenship became the most numerous foreign citizens in Shinjuku. Previously the most common citizenship was collectively those of North and South Korea. Like the other special wards of Tokyo , Shinjuku has a status equivalent to that of

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408-468: Is in the core of Shitamachi , the original commercial center of Edo-Tokyo. On the other hand, the western part of the Kōjimachi area typically represents a Yamanote district. Chiyoda has been a site of a number of historical events. At the tip of Musashino plateau , Chiyoda is located at the very heart of former Tokyo City in eastern mainland Tokyo. The central area of the ward is furthermore occupied by

442-853: Is located in the National Center of Sciences in Hitotsubashi . Both of the Sophia University Campuses are in western Chiyoda. The main Yotsuya campus lies adjacent to Yotsuya Station and the Ichigaya Campus just south of Ichigaya Station . Globis University Graduate School of Management which is the largest business school in Japan is also located in Chiyoda. Hosei University , Meiji University , Senshu University , Nihon University and so on are located in

476-464: Is located on the southeastern edge of Kabukichō. Shinjuku is also the location of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government . The governor's office, the metropolitan assembly chamber, and all administrative head offices are located in the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building . Technically, Shinjuku is therefore the prefectural capital of Tokyo ; but according to a statement by the governor's office, Tokyo (the – as administrative unit: former – Tokyo City ,

510-683: The Chiyoda City (the Chiyoda Ward) Board of Education  [ ja ] . Public high schools are operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education . There is a freedom of choice system for junior high schools in Chiyoda Ward, and so there are no specific junior high school attendance zones. Hitotsubashi University 's Graduate School of International Corporate Strategy

544-701: The Edo Castle was built, a number of temples and shrines moved to the Yotsuya area on the western edge of Shinjuku. In 1698, Naitō-Shinjuku had developed as a new (shin) station ( shuku or juku ) on the Kōshū Kaidō , one of the major highways of that era. Naitō was the family name of a daimyō whose mansion stood in the area; his land is now a public park, the Shinjuku Gyoen. In 1898, the Yodobashi Water Purification Plant,

578-605: The Imperial Palace . The east side of the ward, bordering Chūō , is the location of Tokyo Station . The south side, bordering Minato , encompasses Hibiya Park and the National Diet Building . It is almost exclusively occupied by administrations and agencies. The west and northwest are primarily upper class residential; the Yasukuni Shrine is also there. The "high lantern" of Kudanzaka slope

612-636: The Supreme Court , ministries in Kasumigaseki , and agencies are also located in Chiyoda, as are Tokyo landmarks such as Yasukuni Shrine and the Nippon Budokan . Other notable neighborhoods of Chiyoda include Akihabara , Iidabashi and Kanda . The ward was formed in 1947 as a merger of Kanda and Kōjimachi wards following Tokyo City 's transformation into Tokyo Metropolis . The modern Chiyoda ward exhibits contrasting Shitamachi and Yamanote geographical and cultural divisions. The Kanda area

646-550: The Shinjuku City (the Shinjuku Ward) Board of Education (新宿区教育委員会). Shinjuku has sister city agreements with several localities: Chiyoda, Tokyo Chiyoda is known as the economic center of Japan; the districts of Otemachi , Marunouchi and Yurakucho east of the palace (an area colloquially known as "Daimaruyu") house the headquarters of 19 Fortune 500 companies, is the source of roughly 10% of

680-1675: The Shinjuku Station area. The Kanda River runs through the Ochiai and Totsuka areas near sea level, but the Toshima Plateau also builds elevation in the northern extremities of Totsuka and Ochiai. The highest point in Shinjuku is Hakone-san in Toyama Park, 44.6 m above sea level.       The area surrounding Shinjuku Station is a major economic hub of Tokyo. Many companies have their headquarters or Tokyo offices in this area, including regional telephone operator NTT East , global camera and medical device manufacturer Olympus Corporation , electronics giant Seiko Epson , video game developer Square Enix , fast food chains McDonald's Japan and Yoshinoya , travel agency H.I.S. , Subaru Corporation ( Subaru ), railway operator Odakyu Electric Railway , construction giants Taisei Corporation and Kumagai Gumi , medical equipment manufacturer Nihon Kohden , Enoki Films , navigation software company Jorudan , instant noodle giant Nissin Foods , automotive components manufacturer Keihin Corporation , and regional airline Airtransse . The station area also hosts numerous major retailers such as Isetan , Takashimaya , Marui , Bic Camera , Yodobashi Camera and Yamada Denki . Northeastern Shinjuku has an active publishing industry and

714-693: The Tokyo metropolis. "Shinjuku" is often popularly understood to mean the entire area surrounding Shinjuku Station , but the Shinjuku Southern Terrace complex and the areas to the west of the station and south of Kōshū Kaidō are part of the Yoyogi and Sendagaya districts of the special ward of Shibuya . Naturally, most of Shinjuku is occupied by the Yodobashi Plateau, the most elevated portion of which extends through most of

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748-953: The Tsurumaki Library, Tsunohazu Library, the Nishi-Ochiai Library, the Toyama Library, the Kita-Shinjuku Library, the Okubo Library, and the Nakamachi Library. In addition there is a branch library, Branch Library of Central Library in the City Office, located in the city office. There are several major hospitals located within the city limits: Shinjuku is a major urban transit hub. Shinjuku Station sees an estimated 3.64 million passengers pass through each day, making it

782-595: The area of today's 23 special wards collectively) can usually be considered the capital of Tokyo (prefecture/"Metropolis") for geographical purposes. The Geographical Survey Institute (Kokudo Chiriin) names Tōkyō (the city) as capital of Tōkyō-to (the prefecture/"Metropolis"). Shinjuku operates several public libraries, including the Central Library (with the Children's Library), the Yotsuya Library,

816-509: The busiest station in the world. It houses interchanges to three subway lines and three privately owned commuter lines, as well as several JR lines. A list of railway lines passing through and stations located within Shinjuku includes: Shuto Expressway : National highways : Other major routes: Moved: Public high schools are operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education . Closed: Private schools: Public elementary and junior high schools in Shinjuku are operated by

850-495: The city's first modern water treatment facility, was built in the area that is now between the park and the train station. In 1920, the town of Naitō-Shinjuku, which comprised large parts of present-day Shinjuku (the neighborhood, not the municipality), parts of Nishi-Shinjuku and Kabukichō was integrated into Tokyo City . Shinjuku began to develop into its current form after the Great Kantō Earthquake in 1923, since

884-417: The combined revenue of all Japanese companies, and produced the equivalent of around a quarter of the country's GDP in 2017. With a day population of around 850,000, its day/night population ratio is by far the highest of all municipalities in Japan. Tokyo Station , Tokyo's main inter-city rail terminal and the busiest train station in Japan in terms of scheduled trains, is also located in Chiyoda. Chiyoda

918-613: The eastern portion of the Tokyo Imperial Palace grounds and housing the castle tower and the outer defense positions of the former Edo Castle , opened to the public in 1968. Kitanomaru Park , located on Edo Castle's former northern section, has the Tokyo National Museum of Modern Art and the Nippon Budokan, a venue for performances. Chidorigafuchi Boat Arena and Chidorigafuchi Moat Path includes

952-592: The eastern side of Akihabara Station is the location of several districts that cover at most a few buildings. Kanda-Hanaokachō is, for example, limited to the Akihabara Station and the Yodobashi Camera store. Understanding the address system in the Kanda area can be particularly troublesome for non-locals. The list below consists of the many smaller neighborhoods of the Kanda area, for which

986-512: The end of World War II , Shinjuku has become a major secondary center of Tokyo ( fukutoshin ), rivaling the original city center in Marunouchi . "Shinjuku" is also commonly used to refer to the entire area surrounding Shinjuku Station . The southern half of this area and of the station are in fact located in the neighboring Shibuya ward. In 1634, during the Edo period , as the outer moat of

1020-479: The heart of Shinjuku in the post-war construction. Only in Kabuki-cho was a grand reconstruction plan put into action. The present ward was established on March 15, 1947 with the merger of the former wards of Yotsuya, Ushigome, and Yodobashi. It served as part of the athletics 50 km walk and marathon course during the 1964 Summer Olympics . In the 1970s, the Yodobashi Water Purification Plant closed and

1054-444: The seat and Uchida won back the district against a Communist and two independents. The Tokyo Fire Department has its headquarters in Ōtemachi in Chiyoda. For the national House of Representatives , Chiyoda, together with Minato and Shinjuku, forms the prefecture's 1st electoral district since the electoral reform of the 1990s. The single-seat constituency is currently represented by Liberal Democrat Miki Yamada . The ward

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1088-433: The seismically stable area largely escaped the devastation. Consequently, West Shinjuku is one of the few areas in Tokyo with many skyscrapers . The Tokyo air raids from May to August 1945 destroyed almost 90% of the buildings in the area in and around Shinjuku Station. The pre-war form of Shinjuku and the rest of Tokyo was retained after the war because the roads and rails, damaged as they were, remained, and these formed

1122-587: Was not originally built as a lighthouse, but was built as a lantern for the Shrine. Originally steep and with steps, the slope was considerably softened during remediation after the Kanto earthquake. To the north and northeast of the ward are several residential neighborhoods and the Akihabara commercial district. Chiyoda is run by a directly elected mayor and a city assembly of 25 elected members. The current mayor

1156-715: Was replaced by skyscrapers. In 1991, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government moved from the Marunouchi district of Chiyoda to the current building in Shinjuku (the Tokyo International Forum stands at the former site vacated by the government). Shinjuku is surrounded by Chiyoda to the east; Bunkyo and Toshima to the north; Nakano to the west, and Shibuya and Minato to the south. The current city of Shinjuku grew out of several separate towns and villages, which have retained some distinctions despite growing together as part of

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