33-563: Ijebu may also refer to: People [ edit ] Ijebu Kingdom , Yoruba kingdom in pre-colonial Nigeria Ijebu people , an ethnic subtribal group from Nigeria Places [ edit ] Ijebu, Owo , a local government area of Ondo State, south-western Nigeria Ijebu Diocese of the Church of Nigeria Ijebu-Ode Diocese of the Catholic Church Ijebu East ,
66-551: A council of all free born, titled men that acted as the kingdom's courts. The Osugbo is divided into six groups based on rank, the highest being the iwarefa , whose head the Oliwa was the second most powerful figure in the nation. Also powerful is the Olisa, who could be described as the mayor of Ijebu Ode . The Kingdom was made up of several towns and stretches to parts of Lagos State and borders Ondo State. The state rose in power in
99-505: A higher status and of considerable influence. The council governed the region and had representatives of further devolved councils who no longer have any power. Since the invasion of Lord Lugard , these councils have continued to meet and advise the Obanta kings, their power, however, is largely ceremonial since the establishment of the colonial administration in their protectorate. The elders were known to represent their various villages and
132-513: A leader from Ife, like most other early states in the Yoruba region. They began to build a series of walls and ditches around the city, construction of these walls began in 800–1000 AD. These walls would be known as Sungbo's Eredo . The walls extended to eventually cover the entirety of the Ijebu kingdom. The walls measured an estimated 3.5 million cubic meters of moved earth and sand and they are among
165-529: A local government area in Ogun State, Nigeria Ijebu Igbo , a town in Ogun State, Nigeria Ijebu Ode , a town in Ogun State, Nigeria Ijebu North , a local government area in Ogun State, Nigeria Ijebu North East , a local government area in Ogun State, Nigeria Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Ijebu . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
198-712: A town in Ogun State , South Western geopolitical zone in Nigeria , close to the A121 highway . The city is located 110 km by road Northeast of Lagos ; it is within 100 km (62 mi) of the Atlantic Ocean in the eastern part of Ogun State and possesses a warm tropical climate. According to the Britannica , by the 16th century, it was established as the chief town, and since pre-colonial times it has been
231-622: Is a performing art of the Yoruba religion. Women are forbidden from seeing the Agemo on their way to Ijebu-Ode. A public announcement is made on radio and television to inform everyone the exact time Agemo will be moving. The Ojude Oba festival of Ijebu-Ode is usually held two days after the Ileya festival while the Ojude Oba festival of Ijebu-Isiwo is usually held three days after the Ileya. Horses with beautiful and vintage carts are usually paraded on
264-645: Is also known in history as the 1892 Ijebu Expedition. All European members of the British expeditionary force were awarded The East & West Africa Medal with Clasp dated ‘1892’. Today, one of these medals can be found in Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge. Ijebu kingdom was later annexed to the colony of southern Nigeria. The ruler of the Ijebu Kingdom, Oba Sikiru Kayode Adetona , is known as
297-764: Is highly revered by natives and residents of these towns. Adjacent to Ijebu Ode are several smaller towns and villages. They are mostly referred to as Egure "small settlement"; some of them include Odo-Agamegi, Ogbo, Italupe (a neighbourhood within Ijebu-Ode), Ososa, Imomo, Imawen, Odo Ogbun, Apa (Mesan), Okelamuren, Abapawa , Erunwon, Apunren, Isonyin , Imoru, Oke-Eri, Imagbon , Ijebu-Isiwo (pronounced Ijebu-Ishiwo), Okemoyin (a village within Ijebu-Isiwo), Odo-lewu, Odo-sengolu (a village within Odo-lewu), Odo-Arawa, Idowa, Iworo, Ala, Atiba and Ibefun among others. Ijebu-Ode
330-456: Is made up of three parts - Iwade, Ijasi and Porogun. Italupe is a ward in Iwade, not an Egure of Ijebu Ode. The town has 39 Public Primary Schools, 14 Public Junior Secondary school, 13 public Senior Secondary Schools, 110 approved Private Nursery and Primary Schools and 22 approved Private Secondary Schools. Ijebu Ode has a local television station affiliated with the government's NTA network and
363-468: Is now composed of a mixed people who majorly speak the general Yoruba language, as opposed to the local dialect. In 1891, the Ijebu tribe, dwelling between 50 and 60 miles north-east of Lagos on the Magbon river, set a blockade on the trade route from the interior into Lagos, which was a crown colony, and charged customs dues which served as their income. The Awujale, the traditional ruler of Ijebu, closed down
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#1732772639742396-537: Is the trade center of a farming region where yam , cassava , grain , tobacco and cotton are grown. Ijebu Ode has a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen : Aw ). Agemo is the unity of Ijebus. There are 16 Agemos in various parts of Ijebu. They come out every July and they all meet at Ijebu-Ode before moving to Imodi Mosan, where the Agemo Festival takes place. The Agemo of Ijebu-Isiwo is called Petu-Ado (short form Petu). Agemo festival has masquerades and
429-529: The Awujale of Ijebuland and resides in Ijebu-Ode. He is regarded as the paramount ruler of Ijebu land, encompassing every town that is originally an Ijebu domain, including Ago-Iwoye , Ijebu-Igbo , Ososa, Oru, Awa, Remo, Imota Ranodu known as the 10th son of Oluiwa, Ekewa Olu, Ikorodu, Agbowa Iikosi, Émuren, Ijebu-Isiwo (pronounced Ijebu Ishiwo), Odogbolu, Aiyepe, Epe, and other Ijebu territories. The Awujale
462-522: The Ijebus , a sub-group of the Yoruba ethnic group who speak the Ijebu dialect of Yoruba, it is historically and culturally the headquarters of Ijebuland. The name "Ijebu-Ode" is a combination of the names of two persons namely, AJEBU and OLODE who were conspicuous as leaders of the original settlers and founders of the town. Today, however, due to migration, colonization, and inter-tribal marriage, Ijebu-Ode
495-544: The Awujale on opening the blockaded route and allowing the free passage of goods into Lagos. The Awujale refused but after much persuasion and pressure, the Awujale agreed in January 1892 on the terms of receiving £500 annually as compensation for the loss of customs revenue. However, the agreement didn't last long. A white missionary was denied access to pass through the kingdom and was sent back. The British colonial government
528-554: The British from crossing the Yemoji River. The goddess of the Yemoji River was said to have accepted human sacrifices in order to prevent the British from crossing. The river was dug deeper by the Ijebus to make it impenetrable by all means for the British. However, the British managed to cross the Yemoji River and unleashed havoc on the Ijebus. They proceeded to the Ijebu settlement of Imagbon. The Ijebus had lost over 900 men while
561-631: The British lost only 56 men with around 30 wounded. The Ijebus were still determined to fight on but shortly afterward, the Awujale surrendered and admitted defeat. The Union Flag was later raised above Ijebu Ode. Captain Scott warned his men against pillaging which some didn't heed especially the Ibadan irregulars who were later deprived of their arms. The toll gates in Oru built by the Ijebus were destroyed and some of their shrines were also torched. This conflict
594-706: The Ejirin market, cutting off Lagos from a source of up-country trade. The British colonial government persuaded the Awujale several times to open the blockaded route but the Ijebu ruler remained adamant. However, in May 1891, a British acting governor, Captain C.M. Denton C.M.G, together with some Hausa troops (mostly slaves who fled the North to the South and were recruited by the British) went to Ijebu kingdom to make an agreement with
627-568: The West Coast, in the 'Jebu' war, undertaken by Government, I have been told 'several thousands' were mowed down by the Maxim." After British colonization, the capital served as an administrative center for colonial officials as the kingdom was annexed to the colony of Southern Nigeria . Today, it constitutes one of the traditional states of Nigeria. The Ijebu kingdom is governed by a king and his group of titled elders, who usually are men of
660-594: The capital of the Ijebu kingdom . There are around 2,119,221 Ijebus around south-west Nigeria, in Lagos and Ogun states.It has an estimated population of 394,246(2024). It is home to Sungbo's Eredo one of the largest ramparts in West Africa. As with most Ijebus , people from Ijebu Ode have a nationwide reputation of being natural entrepreneurs, The primary cultural food is "Ikokore". The largest city inhabited by
693-460: The captain and his men, including some carriers, sailed up the Lagos Lagoon and landed at Epe . When they got to Lekki , another 186 soldiers were recruited. On the Ijebu side, 8,000 men, equipped with old rifles, were recruited to fight the British. The British underestimated the fighting prowess of the Ijebus thus giving them a hard time penetrating into the interior of the Ijebu kingdom. On
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#1732772639742726-611: The conflict and captured the Ijebu capital, burning the meeting hall of the Osugbo. As noted by colonial governor Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard , the British made efficient use of the Maxim gun during the conflict; when Lugard defended himself in response to criticism of the high casualties rates caused by Maxim guns employed by troops under his command during military campaigns in the Uganda Protectorate , he stated: "On
759-459: The construction of the Eredo. Further archeological works show the advancement of the Ijebu kingdom. The palatial grounds of the capital, Ijebu-Ode were shown to have the floors paved with ceramic like material. People at the palace also seemed to practice astronomy, with triangular pavements facing a true eastern direction; the extreme alignments to the movement of the sun from one solar solstice to
792-588: The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, mainly due to its important position on the trade routes between Lagos and Ibadan . The kingdom imposed sharp limits on trade, insisting that all trade through the region be conducted by Ijebu merchants. The monopoly brought great wealth to the kingdom, but also annoyed the Europeans. In 1892, the British Empire declared war on the Ijebu kingdom in response to its barriers on trade. The British emerged victorious in
825-462: The first day of battle, the British captured and burnt four Ijebu-held villages with some of their force sustaining fatal injuries. The next day, they proceeded to Atumba and, equipped with Maxim guns , engaged in a skirmish with Ijebu forces. The British lost 12 men which included a Briton and 11 Africans. Every Ijebu village they captured was subsequently burnt. The Ijebus were sustaining heavy losses in battles thus far but were determined to prevent
858-549: The largest man-made earthen structures in Africa", for reference it used one million cubic metres more than the amount of rock and earth used in the Great Pyramid at Giza. The evidence found is not linked to an isolated town but to a kingdom's large dike, a kingdom which was once functional and had at its disposal a high level of agricultural practice, an established pottery-making tradition, and possibly an army that triggered
891-452: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ijebu&oldid=1022416782 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Ijebu Kingdom Ijebu (also known as Jebu , Geebu , or Xabu )
924-486: The other worked as a sundial. Europeans also had a first hand account of Ijebu and wrote about it. Portuguese sailors and traders on the West African coast encountered the Ijebu kingdom first in which they called Geebu in the 1508 writing: "and twelve or thirteen leagues above by this river is a great city, called Geebu, surrounded by a great ditch; and the ruler of this land in our days is called Agusale". Ijebu
957-438: The streets of Ijebu Ode in the hours of the morning and eventually, they ride to the palace of the king to celebrate. It is a festival whose main purpose is for the people of Ijebu to come together as one to honor their king and is regarded as one of the biggest in West Africa. The following is a list of notable people who were either born in, lived in, are current residents of, or are otherwise closely associated with or around
990-464: The will of the people, and are now not such a significant part in the ceremonial process. The elders were all given individual titles and the lead elder was given the title prince, although he was only ever to inherit the kingship in special circumstances. The traditional belief that governed the monarchy was similar to that of the Chinese Mandate of Heaven . Ijebu Ode Ijebu-Ode is
1023-480: Was a Yoruba kingdom in South West Nigeria . It was formed around the fifteenth century. According to legend, its ruling dynasty was founded by Obanta whose personal name was Ogborogan of Ile-Ife . Its contemporary successor is one of the country's traditional states . The Ijebu Kingdom is estimated to be one of the earliest kingdoms founded in West Africa. Ijebu-Ode was originally a city founded by
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1056-542: Was mentioned again, this time called Xabu by a Portuguese trader in 1620: "We have another king [who is] our friend, who is he of Xabu, a kingdom small but very warlike". The kingdom was one of the most developed in the region with a complex and highly organized government. The capital is at Ijebu Ode where the Awujale has his palace. Counterbalancing the Awujale is the Osugbo (known as the Ogboni in other parts of Nigeria),
1089-571: Was provoked by the action of the Ijebus and authorized the formation of an expeditionary force to attack the kingdom; the British gathered men from the Gold Coast, Sierra Leone, Ibadan, and Lagos (the Hausa troops numbering nearly 150 men). Also known as the Battle of Imagbon , a Colonel, F.C. Scott C.B, was the commander of the British expeditionary force numbering around 450 men. On 12 May 1892,
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