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22-478: Opened in 1993 by professional gardener Ray Brown, it is notable for its extensive collection of grevilleas , both cultivars and naturally occurring species . It also features many other plants from all over Australia as well as a naturally-occurring rainforest, a small chapel, public toilets, parking and picnic facilities. During the mid-1980s, a permanent location for Australian Plant Society Grevillea Study Group's collection of grevilleas and other native plants

44-579: A lease of council owned land behind the Bulli Showground, and in 1987, the Illawarra Grevillea Park began being established. The garden beds, fencing, roads and paths were all constructed under Ray's guidance, with much of the work being done by volunteers. The park was officially opened to the public on September 25, 1993. To honour Ray's work and long contribution to the collection, horticulture and growing of grevilleas and

66-400: A not-for-profit botanical garden featuring multiple display gardens primarily consisting of grevillea species, cultivars and hybrids, as well as a variety of other Australian native plants and a native rainforest. The park was created with the aim of showcasing and encouraging the appreciation of Australia's plant biodiversity, providing information on native plant gardening and contributing to

88-613: A small chapel. It was built in the late 1800s as an interdenominational church in a long-gone village named Sherbrooke, where it was known as the Union Church. In 1902, Sherbrooke was resumed by the NSW Government and flooded for the Cataract Dam Project. Before the village was flooded, the church was relocated in parts by bullock train to Woonona near Wollongong to be used as a private residence. In 1992,

110-564: A threatened category. The main threats to grevillea species include habitat clearing for roads, mining, housing, agriculture and grazing, altered fire regimes and competition with both invasive and native species. Many species of grevilleas are popular garden plants , especially in Australia but also in other temperate and subtropical climates. Many grevilleas have a propensity to interbreed freely, and extensive hybridisation and selection of horticulturally desirable attributes has led to

132-494: Is a genus of about 360 species of evergreen flowering plants in the family Proteaceae . Plants in the genus Grevillea are shrubs, rarely trees, with the leaves arranged alternately along the branches, the flowers zygomorphic , arranged in racemes at the ends of branchlets, and the fruit a follicle that splits down one side only, releasing one or two seeds. Plants in the genus Grevillea are shrubs, rarely small trees with simple or compound leaves arranged alternately along

154-574: Is an active Grevillea Study Group in the Australian Native Plants Society for people interested in grevilleas, both for uses in horticulture and for conservation in the wild. Grevillea flowers were a traditional favourite among the Aboriginal Peoples for their sweet nectar . This could be shaken onto the hand to enjoy, or into a coolamon with a little water to make a sweet drink. They might be referred to as

176-546: Is endemic), ten are endemic to New Caledonia and one species ( G. elbertii ) is endemic to Sulawesi in Indonesia. Grevilleas are good bird-attracting plants . Honeyeaters in particular are common visitors. They are also used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the dryandra moth and Pieris rapae (small butterfly or cabbage white butterfly). The International Union for Conservation of Nature currently has 331 species of grevillea on

198-836: The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Act (EPBC) List of Threatened Flora of Australia, the Declared Rare and Priority Flora List (DEC) of Western Australia and the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 Threatened List (FFG) of Victoria . 384 grevillea species are endemic to Australia , with 241 of these being found in Western Australia and 132 in New South Wales . 10 species are endemic to New Caledonia and 4 species are endemic to Papua New Guinea . Only one species

220-773: The IUCN Red List , with 119 or more than 35% being in a threatened category (Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable). 30 of those species are listed as Critically Endangered , meaning they face an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. Some of these species include Caley's grevillea ( G. caleyi ), Woolly cluster grevillea ( G. eribotrya ), Foote's grevillea ( G. calliantha), Tumut grevillea ( G. wilkinsonii ) and in New Caledonia, Lanterne rouge d’Unia ( G. vuniana ). The Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 lists 45 species and 11 subspecies as being in

242-493: The International Union for Conservation of Nature as of June 2024: Included in this list are the common and scientific names of the species, scientific names of the subspecies, the name of the country, state or territory where the species is distributed, the species' IUCN Red List status, other conservation statuses and an image of the species. Other conservation statuses are at the regional level and include

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264-416: The Illawarra Grevillea Park, all emerging as chance seedlings. The park also has a variety of Banksia species and cultivars, including a number of forms of the regionally native B. serrata , B. integrifolia and B. spinulosa . A mass planting of the dwarf B. spinulosa cultivar, "Bush Candles" becomes a main attraction of the park when it is in full bloom during the months of autumn. The park has

286-435: The branchlets. The flowers are zygomorphic and typically arranged in pairs along a sometimes branched raceme at the ends of branchlets. The flowers are bisexual , usually with four tepals in a single whorl . There are four stamens and the gynoecium has a single carpel . The fruit is a thin-walled follicle that splits down only one side, releasing one or two seeds before the next growing season. The genus Grevillea

308-455: The chapel was under threat of being bulldozed for new home units. It was saved by local historians and was relocated to the Illawarra Grevillea Park, where it was restored to its original state. Today, the chapel serves as a wedding venue, administration venue and bookstore during the park's open days. Grevillea See List of Grevillea species Grevillea ( / ɡ r ɪ ˈ v ɪ l i ə / ), commonly known as spider flowers ,

330-678: The commercial release of many named cultivars . Among the best known is 'Robyn Gordon', a small shrub up to 1.5 m (5 ft) high and wide which can flower 12 months of the year in subtropical climates. The cultivar 'Canberra Gem' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society 's Award of Garden Merit . They can be grown from soft tip cuttings from December–March (in the Southern Hemisphere) or fresh seed . Many harder-to-grow species can be grafted onto hardy rootstock such as Grevillea robusta . There

352-401: The creation of the park, a newly described species of grevillea, Grevillea raybrownii was named after him by Peter Olde and Neil Marriott in 1994. On August 12, 2022, the park gained official status as a botanical garden, with an opening being conducted by NSW governor Margaret Joan Beazley . Set on 2.4 hectares of land on the outskirts of Wollongong , the Illawarra Grevillea Park is

374-460: The original "bush lollies". Drinking nectar direct from the flower is best avoided as some commonly cultivated grevillea species produce flowers containing toxic cyanide . A grevillea wood veneer was used on a Pembroke table , a small table with two drawers and folding sides, made in the 1790s for Commissioner of the Royal Navy, Sir Andrew Snape Hamond . The timber from which the veneer

396-403: The study and conservation of rare and endangered plants. The park is continually maintained by volunteers throughout the year, but is only open to the public on open days on the first two Saturdays and Sundays of Autumn, Winter and Spring each year. The park contains an extensive collection of up to 300-400 grevillea species, cultivars and hybrids. Many of the grevillea species were collected from

418-591: The wild by Ray Brown and botanist, Peter Olde. Some of the grevilleas are grafted , which allows a variety of new forms to be created, such as ground cover grevilleas being grafted onto Grevillea robusta to create a tall "weeping" form. Grafting also allows species from all across Australia, particularly those from Western Australia and the Northern Territory to grow within the park, as their roots would not survive otherwise. Grevillea cultivars "Bulli Beauty" "Bulli Envy" and "Bulli Princess" originated in

440-1118: Was first formally described in 1809 by Joseph Knight from an unpublished manuscript by Robert Brown . Knight gave the spelling Grevillia , corrected by Brown in 1810 to Grevillea in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London . The genus was named in honour of Charles Francis Greville , an 18th-century patron of botany and co-founder of the Royal Horticultural Society . There are over 380 species which are endemic to Australia. 15 other species are endemic to areas outside Australia. Ten of these are endemic to New Caledonia, while G. elbertii and G. papuana are endemic to Sulawesi and New Guinea respectively. Two other species, G. baileyana and G. glauca , occur in both New Guinea and Queensland . Grevilleas grow in most habitats, although few grow in alpine areas, in swamps or saline soils. Most species are endemic to Australia but four species grow in New Guinea, ( G. papuana

462-644: Was made, referred to as 'beef wood', was sent from Port Jackson by Surgeon-General John White , who arrived in the new penal colony of Australia with the First Fleet . This table is in the collection of the National Museum of Australia in Canberra . List of Grevillea species This is a list of Grevillea species and subspecies accepted by Plants of the World Online and

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484-534: Was needed, which at the time were being kept in pots by founder and professional gardener, Ray Brown. Many of these plants were sourced from the wild all over Australia, and included species that were either threatened or were extremely rare in horticulture in New South Wales. Ray had designed the layout of the park five years prior to its creation, but did not have the land available to begin construction. Ray made an approach to Wollongong City Council for

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