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35-539: Iranshah may refer to: Iranshah Atash Behram , Udvada, India- Iranshah, Lorestan , Iran Iranshah, alternate name of Iran Shahi , Iran Irānshāh (poet) or Iranshan, Persian poet during the Seljuq dynasty of Malik-Shah I Iranshah ibn Turanshah See also [ edit ] Iranshahr (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

70-663: A machi (throne of wood to the fire ) at the temple. The anniversary, known as sālgiri , corresponding to the date of establishing the Atash Behram in Udvada and also in other Atash Bahrams in India, is celebrated every year according to the Shenshai Zoroastrian calendar on the day called Ādur of the month also called Ādur , the ninth Zoroastrian month and the ninth day of the month ); pilgrims visit not only on

105-990: A silsila . Silsila originated with the initiation of tariqa which dates back to the Islamic prophet Muhammad(peace be upon him ) . Most silsila trace their lineage back to his cousin and son-in-law Ali bin Abi Talib such as the Qadiriyyah , the Chishtiyya , the Noorbakhshia and the Suhrawardiyyah orders. However, the Naqshbandiyyah order is through Abu Bakr . Centuries ago, Arabia did not have schools for formal education . Students went to masters who taught them. Upon completion of their study, they received ijazah (permission) which acted as

140-479: A Sufi order can be traced back to Muhammad through one Ali or Abu Bakr, the lineage is called the Silsilat al-Dhahab ( dhahab meaning gold) or the "Chain of Gold" (Golden Chain). In early Islamic history, gold was an extremely desired prize and was used for currency , to show wealth and power, and for scientific purposes including medicine . Thus, gold was the most desired commodity in the material world, just as

175-465: A chain of credible narrators linking to Muhammad. For Muslims , the Chain of Authenticity is an important way to ascertain the validity of a saying of Muhammad (also known as a Hadith ). The Chain of Authenticity relates the chain of people who have heard and repeated the saying of Muhammad through the generations, until that particular Hadith was written down (Ali bin Abi Talib said that 'Aisha said that

210-623: A cultural and religious link with Iran. The Atash Bahram fire was consecrated at Sanjan from alaat (sacred implements for consecration) brought from Iran to India in 715, consequent to the migration of Zoroastrians in Greater Persia due to the persecution by the Islamic rulers who conquered that country; those who moved to India are called Parsis ; the earliest link of worship of the sacred fire in Zoroastrian temples are dated to

245-623: A day, was offered to the holy fire at the new temple by Dastur Phirozeji's son, Dastur Kekobad. Zoroastrian pilgrims from all parts of India , Iran , the United States , Canada , Pakistan , Australia , and New Zealand , and wherever Parsis and Zoroastrians have settled (there are families settled in Hong Kong, South Africa, Kenya, Singapore) and Iranian Zoroastrians visit the temple on pilgrimage. Newlywed couples also visit Udvada on pilgrimage, and on their behalf, their parents offer

280-457: A first-grade fire temple (fire drawn from sixteen sources) in India in 721 by enshrining the holy fire after consecration with alaats (sacred implements) that had been brought from Iran. This temple thus created a silsila , a traditional link, for the Parsi community of Sanjan with Iran. The consecration ceremony involved long and winding rites, which lasted for many months. The temple flourished,

315-460: A greater movement in Islam, individual Sufis began to group together. These groups (also known as orders) were based on a common master. This common master then began spiritual lineage, which is a connection between a Sufi order in which there is a common spiritual heritage based on the master's teachings (i.e., ‘path’ or ‘method’) called tariq or tariqah . As the number of Sufi orders grew, there arose

350-539: A museum. In Sanjan, the holy fire was placed in a traditional "altar-like pillar with hollow top" similar to those used in Iran. In Navasari, the fire was kept in an āfrinagān , which was shaped like a vase. A larger version of this was developed as a model for adoption at all other Atash Bahrams. The boi ritual involves the enthroning of the (machi) of the fire. It is done with Nine sticks of sandalwood of 45 centimetres (18 in) length each; at other similar shrines

385-482: A need for legitimacy of the orders to establish each order was following the teachings of Muhammad directly; thus the idea of the Silsilat al-Dhahab. If a Sufi order is able to trace its student to master lineage back to Ali bin Abi Talib who provides a straight link to Muhammad (because of his inheritor status with him) then the order is considered righteous and directly following the teachings of Muhammad. In possessing

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420-496: A rotation system among these nine families. The last two High Priests serving together were Dr. Dastur Hormazdyar Mirza, a Ph.D. in Zoroastrian scholarship and Dastur Kaikobad Dastur. Upon his death, Dastur Hormazdyar was succeeded by his son, Dastur Peshotan Mirza, and after the demise of Dastur Kaikobad his son Dastur Khurshed. Dastur Peshotan too died and the dual High Priest system seems to have been temporarily set aside. It's important to note this dual High Priest tradition because

455-463: A tourist hub. The architect and builder of the temple was Dinshaw Dorabjee Mistry from Mumbai. The temple structure has been built spaciously and well decorated. The main hall of the temple, which is 50 by 25 feet (15.2 m × 7.6 m), is accessed through a two-stage staircase. The flooring in the hall is paved with Minton tiles . A portrait of the Zoroaster is fixed in the main hall at

490-498: A vantage position. In the first floor, there is a very large hall of 100 by 50 feet (30 m × 15 m) size. The color scheme, the quality of carpets, and the type of tiles used in the temple have received appreciation from the devotees. The urwisgah , or place of the rituals for worship, is accessed from the doors on the right at the entrance. Within this temple, there are the Dasturji Koyaji Mirza hall and

525-517: A working arrangement to run the sacred fire temple, but this understanding broke down and legal issues ensued. Disturbed by this development, the Sanjan priests moved out of Navsari with their sacred fire, and housed the fire in one of the two agiaris (the first level of fire temples) in Valsad , 32 kilometres (20 mi) away from Navsari. Even here the Sanjan priests could not come to amicable terms with

560-482: Is only offered by Yozdathregar priests of the nine original Sanjana families, the bell is rung ten times instead of nine (the first bell being rung before offering the maachi), and the gãthu bharvāni kriya offered in Ushain geh where eleven Atash niayesh are prayed instead of nine and a charred wood billet is buried in the ash. The first boi and maachi , the ceremony that accompanies the regular tending of fire five times

595-490: The Bahrot Caves and kept the sacred fire there for 12 years. As the safety conditions improved, the Sanjan priests then shifted, with the holy fire, to another village known as Vansda , and remained there for 14 years, when pilgrims started visiting the fire shrine. During this period, one of the pilgrims, Changashah, also known as Changa Asa, of Navsari, who was also a benefactor, who used to travel to Bansda, persuaded

630-648: The silsila reaches back from one's own teacher up to the Prophet, with whom all tariqa claim to have originated although there have been modifications along the way. A Sufi's silsila is his badge of identity and source of legitimation; it provides him with a list of illustrious predecessors and shows how he is related to other Sufis. Silsila can be of a partial knowledge or a book as well. All ḥāfiẓa (memorizers of Quran), muḥaddithūn (narrators of hadith), and qāriʾūna (reciters of Quran with tajwid , or correct accent and pronunciation), for example, are given

665-463: The tariqa , and only after pledging a vow of obedience ( bay'ah ) to this shaikh. The shaykh gives his disciples permission ( ijâza ) to practice the tariqa : he may also authorise one or more of them to teach it to others, i.e. appoint them as his khalîfa or successor. In this way a hierarchically ordered network of teachers may emerge. Each sheikh can show a chain of authorities for the tariqa he teaches, his silsila or spiritual genealogy. Usually

700-675: The 4th-century BC. The Parsis traveled by ship from Hormuz in the Persian Gulf and landed on the Indian coast at Diu . They then moved along the coast to Sanjan , probably named by them to commemorate remembrance of a town in north Iran, Zanjan, in Northern Khorasan, (see link of Sanjan above), here the local Hindu king, Jadi Rana , gave them asylum and land to settle down but under a few stipulations. They settled down in Sanjan and then established their first Atash Bahram,

735-578: The Golden Chain is the most desired commodity of Sufi orders. When Sufism began in the second century of Islam, according to some experts, it was an individual choice; many Sufis aimed to be more like Muhammad by becoming ascetic and focusing their lives fully on God; more so than the Five Daily Prayers and usual prescripted religious practices. This often included removing oneself from society and other people in general. As Sufism became

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770-616: The Golden Chain, a Sufi order is able to establish their order prominently in the mystical world. Shias use it idiomatically to mean a lineage of authentic Masters. Among Chinese Muslims , the concept of silsilah has developed into that of a menhuan (门宦): a Chinese-style Sufi order whose leaders trace a lineage chain going back to the order's founder in China (e.g., Ma Laichi given name Abu I Fateh or Ma Mingxin given name Ibrahim), and beyond, toward his teachers in Arabia. The term

805-720: The Iran Shah, "King of Iran", is a fire temple of the Zoroastrian religion ; one of the eight in India. It is located in Udvada (also spelled Udwada) in Valsad District , Gujarat on the west coast of India. Outside India, Yazd in Central Iran has the only other Atash Behram. Udvada, a small coastal village, of about 2 square kilometres (0.77 sq mi) area, is on the southern coast of Gujarat. The village

840-662: The Prophet Muhammad said...). A similar idea appears in Sufism in regards to the lineage and teachings of Sufi masters and students. This string of master to student is called a silsila , literally meaning "chain". The focus of the silsila like the Chain of Authenticity is to trace the lineage of a Sufi order to Muhammad through his Companions: Ali bin Abi Talib (the primary link between most Sufi orders and Muhammad) and Abu Bakr (the Naaqshbandiyyah order). When

875-496: The certification of their education. A graduate then acted as a master having his own students or disciples. This chain of masters was known as silsila or lineage. Somewhat analogous to the modern situation where degrees are only accepted from recognized universities, the certification of a master having a verifiable chain of masters was the only criteria which accorded legitimacy: Theoretically one can only receive instruction in these practices ( talqîn ) from an authorised teacher of

910-601: The community took firm roots, and it was their only such temple during that period, though as a community they spread to other regions of India. Their stay in Sanjan lasted for about four centuries till political events took a turn. In 1297, the Muslim ruler, Sultan Mahmud, invaded Gujarat and occupied the Sanjan area also; during this battle, the Parsis had sided with the Hindus but it was a lost cause. The Parsis then took shelter in

945-534: The day of the month but also throughout the Ādur month. Apart from the salgiri , the other religious observance held every month is the "Bahrām" day (the twentieth day of the month). The Parsi New Year , normally held in August, is also celebrated here when a large number of devotees flock to the shrine. On festive occasions, the Udvada shrine comes to life with large number of pilgrims engaged in buying sandalwood, flowers and other religious paraphernalia to offer to

980-443: The fire. Silsila Others In terms of Ihsan : Silsila ( Arabic : سِلْسِلَة ) is an Arabic word meaning chain , link , connection often used in various senses of lineage . In particular, it may be translated as "spiritual genealogy " where one Sufi Master transfers his khilafat to his khalîfa , or spiritual descendant. In Urdu , silsila means saga. Every Sufi order , or tariqa , has

1015-410: The local priests of the agiari and in 1741 they decided to move to Udvada, which was under the Sanjan community. One year later Zoroastrians built an Atash Behram in Udvada and moved the sacred fire to it; it was consecrated by two high priests (dasturs) who had carried the fire from Navsari. The Atash Behram ("Iran Shah fire") is a symbolic representation of the Zoroastrian monarchy of Iran that

1050-406: The number of sandalwood sticks used are seven of 30 centimetres (12 in) length each. Portrait of important priests and the religious organizations, who have played a significant role in establishing the temple, are fixed on the outer hall walls of the temple. The original temple was refurbished by Lady Motlibhai Wadia in 1894. The key unique aspects of Iranshah's rituals are : the boi

1085-483: The priests of Sanjan to move to Navsari. In 1419, the holy fire was moved by the priests to Navsari, a town near Surat , where they established themselves for more than 300 years (1419 to 1740). Due to security concerns created by Pindharas (nomadic robbers), it temporarily moved to Surat, and as the situation eased it was brought back to Navsari. The Sanjan priests and the Bhagarias (local priests) of Navsari had

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1120-486: The rest of the seven Atash Behrams in India have had the tradition of one High Priest of every temple. To retain the heritage status of the fire temple and the Udvada town, a development plan was initiated in 2007 by the Government of India and Government of Gujarat with a fund of Rs. 15 million. This involved the preservation of the heritage buildings including the fire temple in Udvada without allowing to make it

1155-532: The title Iranshah . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iranshah&oldid=1003830240 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Iranshah Atash Behram The Udvada Atash Behram, also called

1190-547: Was gifted to the priests by the king of Mandvi . It is approachable by road and rail. It is 206 kilometres (128 mi) away from Mumbai towards the north, situated between Vapi town and Daman on the National Highway (NH8) which passes through Manor. The nearest railway station is also in Udvada which is on the Virar - Surat section. Udvada Atash Behram is the oldest existing fire temple in India, representing

1225-472: Was overthrown by Arabs ), which had been first established at Sanjan in the 90th year of the Yezdezardi era by the first Shehenshahi Zoroastrian immigrants in India, is now maintained at Udvada by their descendants; these are nine families of priests who were descendants of the three priests who had retrieved the sacred fire from Sanjan to safety. Two High Priests or Dastur of the temple are chosen by

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