78-588: Isaac Lee Hayes Jr. (August 20, 1942 – August 10, 2008) was an American singer, songwriter, composer, and actor. He was one of the creative forces behind the Southern soul music label Stax Records in the 1960s, serving as an in-house songwriter with his partner David Porter , as well as a session musician and record producer. Hayes and Porter were inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2005 in recognition of writing scores of songs for themselves,
156-598: A "new" album, Hotbed , in 1978. In 1979, Hayes returned to the Top 40 with Don't Let Go and its disco-styled title track that became a hit single (U.S. #18), and also featured the classic "A Few More Kisses To Go." Later in the year he added vocals and worked on Millie Jackson 's album Royal Rappin's , and a song he co-wrote, " Deja Vu ," became a hit for Dionne Warwick and won her a Grammy for best female R&B vocal. Neither 1980s And Once Again or 1981's Lifetime Thing produced notable songs or big sales, and Hayes chose to take
234-550: A January 2007 show in New York City, who had known Hayes fairly well, reported that "Isaac was plunked down at a keyboard, where he pretended to front his band. He spoke-sang, and his words were halting. He was not the Isaac Hayes of the past." In April 2008, while a guest on The Adam Carolla Show , Hayes stumbled in his responses to questions, possibly as a result of health problems. A caller questioned whether Hayes
312-812: A break from music to pursue acting. In the 1970s, Hayes was featured in the films Shaft (1971) and Truck Turner (1974); he also had a recurring role in the TV series The Rockford Files as an old cellmate of Rockford's, Gandolph Fitch (who always referred to Rockford as "Rockfish" much to his annoyance), including one episode alongside duet-partner Dionne Warwick. In the 1980s and 1990s, he appeared in numerous films, notably Escape from New York (1981), I'm Gonna Git You Sucka (1988), Prime Target (1991), and Robin Hood: Men in Tights (1993), as well as in episodes of The A-Team and Miami Vice . He also attempted
390-529: A cameo role as a bartender). The title theme, with its wah-wah guitar and multi-layered symphonic arrangement, would become a worldwide hit single, and spent two weeks at number one in the Billboard Hot 100 in November. The remainder of the album was mostly instrumentals covering big beat jazz, bluesy funk, and hard Stax-styled soul. The other two vocal songs, the social commentary "Soulsville" and
468-761: A combination of styles, including blues (both 12 bar and jump ), country , early R&B , and a strong gospel influence that emanated from the sounds of Southern black churches . Bass guitar, drums, horn section, and gospel roots vocal are important to soul groove . This rhythmic force made it a strong influence in the rise of funk music. The terms "deep soul", "country soul", "downhome soul" and "hard soul" have been used synonymously with "Southern soul". See also: Some soul musicians were from southern states: these included Georgia natives Otis Redding and James Brown , Rufus Thomas and Bobby "Blue" Bland (from Tennessee ), Eddie Floyd (from Alabama), Johnnie Taylor, Al Green (from Arkansas ). Southern soul
546-518: A comeback on the Virgin label in May 1995 with Branded , an album of new material that earned impressive sales figures as well as positive reviews from critics who proclaimed it a return to form. A companion album released around the same time, Raw & Refined , featured a collection of previously unreleased instrumentals, both old and new. For the 1996 film Beavis and Butt-Head Do America , he wrote
624-622: A hit single "Out The Ghetto," and also featured the popular "It's Heaven To Me." 1978's For the Sake of Love saw Hayes record a sequel to "Theme from Shaft " ("Shaft II"), but was best known for the single "Zeke The Freak," a song that would have a shelf life of decades and be a major part of the House movement in the UK. The same year, Fantasy Records , which had bought out Stax Records, released an album of Hayes's non-album singles and archived recordings as
702-469: A jazzy, largely improvised effort that was commercially unsuccessful. Stax then went through a major upheaval, losing its biggest star when Otis Redding died in a plane crash in December 1967, and then losing its back catalog to Atlantic Records in May 1968. As a result, Stax executive vice president Al Bell called for 27 new albums to be completed in mid-1969; Hayes's second album, Hot Buttered Soul
780-409: A musical comeback, embracing the style of drum machines and synth for 1986s U-Turn and 1988s Love Attack , though neither proved successful. In 1991, he was featured in a duet with fellow soul singer Barry White on White's ballad "Dark and Lovely (You Over There)." In 1995, Hayes appeared as a Las Vegas minister impersonating himself in the comedy series The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air . He launched
858-539: A new vocal group of two men and two women. They recruited J. Blackfoot , together with Norman West, Anita Louis, and Shelbra Bennett, to form The Soul Children . Between 1968 and 1978, The Soul Children had 15 hits on the R&;B chart, including three that crossed over to the Billboard Hot 100, and recorded seven albums. Another Memphis 1960s label Goldwax Records , featured James Carr , Spencer Wiggins , and
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#1732775900519936-690: A recurring minor role as the Jaffa Tolok on the television series Stargate SG-1 . The following year, he appeared in the critically acclaimed independent film Hustle & Flow . He also had a brief recurring role in UPN / The CW's Girlfriends as Eugene Childs (father of Toni). In the South Park episode " Trapped in the Closet ," a satire of Scientology that aired on November 16, 2005, Hayes did not appear in his role as Chef. While appearing on
1014-628: A singer at Curry's Club in North Memphis, backed by Ben Branch 's houseband. Hayes began his recording career in the early 1960s, as a session musician for acts recorded by the Memphis-based Stax Records . He later wrote a string of hit songs with songwriting partner David Porter , including "You Don't Know Like I Know," " Soul Man ," " When Something Is Wrong with My Baby " and "Hold On, I'm Comin' " for Sam & Dave . Hayes, Porter and Stax studio band Booker T. &
1092-551: A singer, thanks to the character's penchant for making conversational points in the form of crudely suggestive soul songs. A song from the series performed by Chef, " Chocolate Salty Balls (P.S. I Love You) ," received international radio airplay in 1999. It reached number one on the UK singles chart and also on the Irish singles chart . The track also appeared on the album Chef Aid: The South Park Album in 1998. In 2000, Hayes appeared on
1170-631: A single with the title theme. The soundtrack score of Truck Turner was eventually used by filmmaker Quentin Tarantino in the Kill Bill film series, and has been used for over 30 years as the opening score of Brazilian radio show Jornal de Esportes on the Jovem Pan station. Unlike most African American musicians of the period, Hayes did not sport an Afro haircut; his bald head became one of his defining characteristics. By 1974, Stax Records
1248-547: A stroke. On August 10, 2008, at the age of 65, Hayes was found unresponsive in his home, just east of Memphis , as reported by the Shelby County, Tennessee Sheriff's Office. A Shelby County Sheriff's deputy and an ambulance from Rural Metro responded to his home after three family members found his body on the floor next to a still-operating treadmill. Hayes was taken to Baptist Memorial Hospital in Memphis, where he
1326-589: A strong part of African American culture in Deep South locations such as the Mississippi Delta where blues is still the mainstay, although it is now more often featured by disc jockeys and on jukeboxes than by live bands. Peter Guralnick describes many Chicago juke joints as corner bars that go by an address and have no name. The musicians and singers perform unannounced and without microphones, ending with little if any applause. Guralnick tells of
1404-610: A tempo that is slightly stepped up. It is rhythmically suited for many African-American dances…", but cites no reference. The allure of juke joints has inspired many large-scale commercial establishments, including the House of Blues chain and the Ground Zero in Clarksdale, Mississippi . Traditional juke joints, however, are under some pressure from other forms of entertainment, including casinos. Jukes have been celebrated in photos and film. Marion Post Wolcott 's images of
1482-554: A version of the Beavis and Butt-Head theme in the style of the Shaft theme. Hayes joined the founding cast of Comedy Central 's animated TV series South Park . He provided the voice for the character of " Chef ", the amorous elementary-school lunchroom cook, from the show's debut on August 13, 1997 (one week shy of his 55th birthday), through the end of its ninth season in 2006. The role of Chef combined his work both as an actor and as
1560-414: A visit to a specific juke joint, Florence's, in 1977. In stark contrast to the streets outside, Florence's is dim, and smoke-filled with the music more of an accompaniment to the "various business " being conducted than the focus of the patrons' attention. The "sheer funk of all those closely-packed-together bodies, the shouts and laughter" draws his attention. He describes the security measures and buzzer at
1638-814: Is derived from the Wolof word dzug meaning to misconduct one's self. The origins of juke joints may be the community rooms that were occasionally built on plantations to provide a place for Black people to socialize during slavery. This practice spread to the work camps such as sawmills, turpentine camps and lumber companies in the early twentieth century, which built barrel-houses and chock-houses to be used for drinking and gambling. Although uncommon in populated areas, such places were often seen as necessary to attract workers to sparsely populated areas lacking bars and other social outlets. Also, much like "on-base" officer's clubs , such "company"-owned joints allowed managers to keep an eye on their underlings; it also ensured that
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#17327759005191716-523: The Opie and Anthony radio show about a month after the episode aired, Hayes was asked, "What did you think about when Matt and Trey did that episode on Scientology?" He replied, "One thing about Matt and Trey: They lampoon everybody, and if you take that serious, I'll sell you the Brooklyn Bridge for two dollars. That's what they do." In an interview for The A.V. Club on January 4, 2006, Hayes
1794-518: The Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1972, making him the third black person, after Hattie McDaniel and Sidney Poitier , to win an Academy Award in any competitive field covered by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences . Hayes also won two Grammy Awards that same year. Later, he won his third Grammy for his album Black Moses . In 1992, Hayes was crowned honorary king of
1872-605: The Ada region of Ghana in recognition of his humanitarian work there. He acted in films and television, such as in the movies Truck Turner (1974), Escape from New York (1981) and I'm Gonna Git You Sucka (1988), and as Gandolf "Gandy" Fitch in the TV series The Rockford Files (1974–1980). Hayes also voiced the character Chef in the Comedy Central animated series South Park from its debut in 1997 until his controversial departure in 2006. On August 5, 2003, Hayes
1950-600: The Great Migration ), often "raucous and raunchy" good time secular music. Dance forms evolved from group dances to solo and couples dancing. Some Black people opposed the amorality of the raucous "jook crowd". Until the advent of the Victrola , and juke boxes , at least one musician was required to provide music for dancing, but as many as three musicians would play in jooks. In larger cities like New Orleans, string trios or quartets were hired. Musicians during
2028-650: The Memphis Tams . The prior owner was Charles O. Finley , the owner of the Oakland A's baseball team. Hayes's group renamed the team the Memphis Sounds . Despite a 66% increase in home attendance, hiring well regarded coach Joe Mullaney and, unlike in the prior three seasons, making the 1975 ABA Playoffs (losing to the eventual champion Kentucky Colonels in the Eastern Division semi-finals),
2106-510: The Songs of the Century . During the late 1960s, Hayes also began a career as a recording artist. He released several successful soul albums such as Hot Buttered Soul (1969) and Black Moses (1971). In addition to his work in popular music , Hayes worked as a film composer . Hayes was known for his musical score for the film Shaft (1971). For the " Theme from Shaft ," he was awarded
2184-565: The slow drag . Many of the early and historic juke joints have closed over the past decades for a number of socio-economic reasons. Po' Monkey's , one of the last remaining rural jukes in the Mississippi Delta , closed in 2016 after the death of its owner. It began as a renovated sharecropper's shack which was probably originally built in the 1920s or so. Po' Monkey's featured live blues music and "Family Night" on Thursdays. Run by Willie "Po' Monkey" Seaberry until his death in 2016,
2262-507: The southeastern United States . A juke joint may also be called a " barrelhouse ". The Jook was the first secular cultural arena to emerge among African-American freedmen . Classic Jooks, found for example at rural crossroads, catered to the rural work force that began to emerge after emancipation . Plantation workers and sharecroppers needed a place to relax and socialize following a hard week, particularly since they were barred from most white establishments by Jim Crow laws . Set up on
2340-462: The "Muscle Shoals Sound" by distributing Percy Sledge 's " When a Man Loves a Woman ", recorded at Rick Hall 's FAME Studios . FAME becoming the studio of choice for new and experienced artists alike. Establishing the city of Muscle Shoals, Alabama as a major part of southern soul. Aretha Franklin credits FAME as the place her career turned around, and Etta James recorded hit album " Tell Mama " there. The Stax label's most successful artist of
2418-417: The 19-minute jam "Do Your Thing," would be edited down to hit singles. He won an " Academy Award for Best Original Song " for the "Theme from Shaft ," and in addition was nominated for Best Original Dramatic Score. Later in the year, Hayes released a double album, Black Moses , that expanded on his earlier sounds and featured The Jackson 5 's song " Never Can Say Goodbye ." Another single, "I Can't Help It,"
Isaac Hayes - Misplaced Pages Continue
2496-520: The 1960s, Otis Redding , was influenced by fellow Georgia native Little Richard and the more cosmopolitan sounds of Mississippi -born Sam Cooke . Other Stax artists of note included Johnnie Taylor , Soul Children , the Dramatics (from Detroit), Eddie Floyd , the Staple Singers , Carla Thomas , and Isaac Hayes . Atlantic Records artists Sam & Dave 's records were released on
2574-603: The 30th anniversary of Freedom Magazine , the Church of Scientology 's self-described investigative news journal, at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C. , to honor eleven activists. In 2001, Hayes and Doug E. Fresh , another Scientologist musician, recorded a Scientology-inspired album called The Joy of Creating – The Golden Era Musicians and Friends Play L. Ron Hubbard . The Isaac Hayes Foundation
2652-547: The M.G.'s were also the producers for Sam & Dave, Carla Thomas and other Stax artists during the mid-1960s. One of the first Stax records Hayes played on was "Winter Snow" by Booker T. and The M.G.s (Stax 45–236), which indicates "Introducing Isaac Hayes on piano" on the label. Hayes-Porter contributed to the Stax sound of this period, and Sam & Dave credited Hayes for helping develop both their sound and style. In 1968, Hayes released his debut album, Presenting Isaac Hayes ,
2730-596: The March 13 statement was made in Hayes's name, but not by Hayes himself. He wrote: "Isaac Hayes did not quit South Park . My sources say that someone quit it for him. ... Friends in Memphis tell me that Hayes did not issue any statements on his own about South Park . They are mystified." In a 2016 oral history of South Park in The Hollywood Reporter , Hayes's son Isaac Hayes III said the decision to leave
2808-1196: The Ovations. Al Green , Otis Clay , O.V. Wright, Don Bryant , Ann Peebles and Quiet Elegance recorded for Memphis's 70s label Hi Records , where they were produced by Willie Mitchell . Also influential was the "Muscle Shoals Sound", originating from Muscle Shoals, Alabama . The Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section played on hits by many Stax artists during the late 1960s through the mid-1970s, and Atlantic Records artists Wilson Pickett , Percy Sledge , Joe Tex and Aretha Franklin . Producer and session guitarist Chips Moman produced Bobby Womack and Womack wrote R&B song "I'm in Love" for Wilson Pickett . Bobby Womack gained R&B hit "If You Think You're Lonely Now" in 1981. Malaco Records introduced Dorothy Moore, Bobby Bland , Johnnie Taylor, Denise Lasalle, Little Milton and others. In 1983, former Soul Children singer J. Blackfoot saw success on soul chart with his single "Taxi". In 1987, Marvin Sease gained an R&B hit with "Candy Licker". After 1990, southern soul music
2886-579: The Shreveport-based Murco Records released "Losin' Boy" by Eddy Giles , which held a place on Cashbox magazine's Hot 100 for five weeks. Murco Records had soul chart success with its other artist included Reuben Bell . Other significant contributors were Stax Records with their house band Booker T. & the MGs as well as New York based Label Atlantic Records . Atlantic was Ray Charles 's home, and became an early exporter of
2964-475: The Stax label and featured the MGs. Wilson Pickett launched his solo career through his collaboration with the Stax team, and Pickett gained big hit "Land of a Thousand Dances" with FAME Studios musicians in Muscle Shoals, Alabama . . After Sam & Dave moved from Stax to Atlantic Records , Stax producer David Porter and his songwriting and production partner Isaac Hayes decided to put together
3042-411: The age of 21. After graduating from high school, Hayes was offered several music scholarships from colleges and universities. He turned down all of them to provide for his immediate family, working at a meat-packing plant in Memphis by day and playing nightclubs and juke joints several evenings a week in Memphis and nearby northern Mississippi . Hayes's first professional gigs, in the late 1950s, were as
3120-466: The club finally folded during preseason play for the 1975–1976 season. In 1976, the album cover of Juicy Fruit featured Hayes in a pool with naked women, and spawned the title track single and the classic "Storm Is Over." Later the same year the Groove-A-Thon album featured the singles "Rock Me Easy Baby" and the title track. However, while all these albums were regarded as solid efforts, Hayes
3198-500: The country's behalf. With Otis Redding With Wilson Pickett With Donald Byrd and 125th Street, N.Y.C. With Linda Clifford With Albert King With William Bell With Dionne Warwick With Rufus Thomas Southern soul Southern soul , also called Country Soul is a type of soul and country music that emerged from the Southern United States . The music originated from
Isaac Hayes - Misplaced Pages Continue
3276-523: The disco sound with the title track and lead single. "I Can't Turn Around" would prove a popular song as time went on. This would be Hayes's last album to chart in the top 40 for many years. Later in the year, the all-instrumental Disco Connection album fully embraced disco. On July 17, 1974, Hayes, along with Mike Storen , Avron Fogelman , and Kemmons Wilson , took over ownership of the American Basketball Association team
3354-486: The door, there having been a shooting there a few years ago. On this particular day Magic Slim was performing with his band, the Teardrops, on a bandstand barely big enough to hold the band. Katrina Hazzard-Gordon writes that "[t]he honky-tonk was the first urban manifestation of the jook, and the name itself later became synonymous with a style of music. Related to the classic blues in tonal structure, honky-tonk has
3432-655: The duo Sam & Dave , Carla Thomas , and others. In 2002, Hayes was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . " Soul Man ," written by Hayes and Porter and first performed by Sam & Dave , was recognized as one of the most influential songs of the past 50 years by the Grammy Hall of Fame . It was also honored by the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame , Rolling Stone magazine, and the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) as one of
3510-537: The employees' pay was coming back to the company. Constructed simply like a field hand's " shotgun "-style dwelling, these may have been the first juke joints. During the Prohibition era , it became common to see squalid independent juke joints at highway crossings and railroad stops. These were almost never called "juke joints," but rather were called by names such as "Lone Star" or "Colored Cafe". They were often open only on weekends. Juke joints may be considered
3588-461: The ensuing years. In 1996, Hayes began hosting The Isaac Hayes and Friends Radio Show on WRKS in New York City. While there, Hayes became a client of the vegan raw food chef Elijah Joy and his company Organic Soul Inc. Hayes also appears in the Scientology film Orientation . In 1998, Hayes and fellow Scientologist entertainers Anne Archer , Chick Corea and Haywood Nelson attended
3666-483: The first "private space" for blacks. Paul Oliver writes that juke joints were "the last retreat, the final bastion for black people who want to get away from whites, and the pressures of the day." Jooks occurred on plantations, and classic juke joints found, for example, at rural crossroads began to emerge after the Emancipation Proclamation . At the beginning of the twentieth century, the fiddle
3744-427: The four-song template of his previous album. Jerry Butler's "I Stand Accused" begins with a trademark spoken word monologue, and Bacharach's " I Just Don't Know What to Do with Myself " is re-worked. The latter album included " The Look of Love ," another Bacharach song transformed into an 11-minute epic of lush orchestral rhythm (mid-way it breaks into a rhythm guitar jam for a couple of minutes before suddenly resuming
3822-435: The juke joint era were stylistically quite versatile, with much overlap between genres. Mance Lipscomb , Texas guitarist and singer, described the style of the time: "So far as what was called blues, that didn't come till 'round 1917...What we had in my coming up days was music for dancing, and it was of all different sorts." Paul Oliver , who tells of a visit to a Jook joint outside of Clarksdale some forty years ago and
3900-472: The outskirts of town, often in ramshackle, abandoned buildings or private houses — never in newly-constructed buildings — juke joints offered food, drink, dancing, and gambling for weary workers. Owners made extra money selling groceries or moonshine to patrons, or providing cheap room and board. The term "juke" is believed to come from the Gullah word joog or jug , meaning rowdy or disorderly which itself
3978-468: The pine forests." Jukes figure prominently in her studies of African American folklore . Early figures of blues, including Robert Johnson , Son House , Charley Patton , and countless others, traveled the juke joint circuit, scraping out a living on tips and free meals. While musicians played, patrons enjoyed dances with long heritages in some parts of the African American community, such as
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#17327759005194056-607: The popular juke joint had been featured in national and international articles about the Delta. The Blue Front Cafe is a historic old juke joint made of cinder blocks in Bentonia, Mississippi which played an important role in the development of the blues in Mississippi. It was still in operation as of 2006. Smitty's Red Top Lounge in Clarksdale, Mississippi , is also still operating as of last notice. Juke joints are still
4134-517: The show was made by his father's entourage, all of whom were ardent Scientologists, and that it was made after Hayes suffered a stroke, leaving him vulnerable to outside influence and unable to make such decisions on his own. The first South Park episode that premiered after Hayes's death, " The China Probrem ," was dedicated to him. Hayes's income was sharply reduced as a result of leaving South Park . There followed announcements that he would be touring and performing. A Fox News reporter present at
4212-401: The slow love song). An edited three-minute version was issued as a single. The album featured the instrumental "Ike's Mood," which segues into a version of " You've Lost That Loving Feeling ." Hayes released a Christmas single, "The Mistletoe and Me" (with "Winter Snow" as a B-side ). In early 1971, Hayes composed music for the soundtrack of the blaxploitation film Shaft (he appeared in
4290-509: The soundtrack of the French movie The Magnet on the song "Is It Really Home" written and composed by rapper Akhenaton (IAM) and composer Bruno Coulais. In 2002, Hayes was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . After he played a set at the 2002 Glastonbury Festival , a documentary highlighting Isaac's career and his impact on many of the Memphis artists in the 1960s onwards was produced, Only The Strong Survive . In 2004, Hayes appeared in
4368-401: The standard three-minute soul/pop songs. "Walk On By" would be the first of many times Hayes would take a Burt Bacharach standard, generally known as three-minute pop songs by Dionne Warwick or Dusty Springfield , and transform it into a soulful, lengthy and almost gospel number. In 1970, Hayes released two albums, The Isaac Hayes Movement and ...To Be Continued . The former stuck to
4446-712: The team's financial problems continued. The group was given a deadline of June 1, 1975, to sell 4,000 season tickets, obtain new investors and arrange a more favorable lease for the team at the Mid-South Coliseum . However, the group did not come through and the ABA took over the team, selling it to a group in Maryland that renamed the team the Baltimore Hustlers and then the Baltimore Claws before
4524-546: The years, Isaac Hayes was able to recover financially. Hayes's fourth wife, Adjowa, gave birth to a son named Nana Kwadjo Hayes on April 10, 2006. He also had one son to whom he gave his name, Isaac Hayes III , known as rap producer Ike Dirty. Hayes's eldest daughter is named Jackie, also named co-executor of his estate, and other children include Veronica, Felicia, Melanie, Nikki, Lili, Darius, Vincent and Heather. Hayes took his first Scientology course in 1993, later contributing endorsement blurbs for many Scientology books over
4602-450: Was again asked about the episode. He said that he told the creators, Matt Stone and Trey Parker , "Guys, you have it all wrong. We're not like that. I know that's your thing, but get your information correct, because somebody might believe that shit, you know?" He then told them to take a couple of Scientology courses to understand what they do. In the interview, Hayes defended South Park ' s style of controversial humor, noting that he
4680-880: Was applied to the stretch of highway in Shelby County from Sam Cooper Boulevard in Memphis east to the Fayette County line. The naming was made official at a ceremony held on Hayes's birth anniversary in August 2010. Hayes had 11 children, 14 grandchildren, and three great-grandchildren. His first marriage was to Dancy Hayes in 1960 and ended in divorce. His second marriage was to Emily Ruth Watson on November 24, 1965, which ended in divorce in 1972. Children from this marriage included Vincent Eric Hayes, Melanie Mia Hayes, and Nicole A. Hayes (Murrell). He married bank teller Mignon Harley on April 18, 1973, and they divorced in 1986; they had two children. Hayes and his wife were eventually forced into bankruptcy, owing over $ 6 million. Over
4758-482: Was at its peak through the 1960s, when Memphis soul and the Muscle Shoals sound were popular. In 1963, Stan Lewis founded Jewel Records in Shreveport, Louisiana, along with two subsidiary labels, Paula and Ronn. Lewis signed soul and blues artists such as Toissaint McCall , Bobby Rush , John Lee Hooker , Charles Brown , Buster Benton , Lightnin’ Hopkins , Ted Taylor and Little Johnny Taylor . In 1966,
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#17327759005194836-502: Was back in 1973 with an acclaimed live double album, Live at the Sahara Tahoe , and followed it up with the album Joy . He moved away from cover songs with this album. An edited version of the title track would be a hit single. In 1974, Hayes was featured in the blaxploitation films Three Tough Guys and Truck Turner , and he recorded soundtracks for both. Tough Guys was almost devoid of vocals and Truck Turner yielded
4914-586: Was founded in 1999 by Hayes. In February 2006, Hayes appeared in a Youth for Human Rights International music video called "United". YHRI is a human rights group founded by the Church of Scientology-backed non-profit United for Human Rights. He was also involved in other human rights related groups such as the One Campaign . Isaac Hayes was crowned a chief in Ghana for his humanitarian work and economic efforts on
4992-736: Was having serious financial problems, stemming from problems with overextension and limited record sales and distribution. Hayes himself was deep in debt to Union Planters Bank , which administered loans for the Stax label and many of its other key employees. In September of that year, Hayes sued Stax for $ 5.3 million. As Stax was in deep debt and could not pay, the label made an arrangement with Hayes and Union Planters: Stax released Hayes from his recording and production contracts, and Union Planters would collect all of Hayes's income and apply it towards his debts. Hayes formed his own label, Hot Buttered Soul, which released its product through ABC Records . His new album, 1975's Chocolate Chip , saw Hayes embrace
5070-573: Was honored as a BMI Icon at the 2003 BMI Urban Awards for his enduring influence on generations of musicians. Throughout his songwriting career, Hayes received five BMI R&B Awards, two BMI Pop Awards, two BMI Urban Awards and six Million-Air citations. As of 2008, his songs had generated more than 12 million performances. Isaac Lee Hayes Jr. was born in Covington, Tennessee , the second child of Eula ( née Wade) and Isaac Hayes Sr. After his mother died young and his father abandoned his family, Hayes
5148-584: Was no longer on good terms with Parker and Stone. During the spring of 2008, Hayes shot scenes for Soul Men , a comedy inspired by the history of Stax Records, in which he appears as himself in a supporting role. The film was released in November 2008, after both Hayes and his costar, Bernie Mac , had died. On March 20, 2006, Roger Friedman of Fox News reported that Hayes had suffered a minor stroke in January. Hayes's spokeswoman, Amy Harnell, denied this, but on October 26, 2006, Hayes confirmed he had suffered
5226-524: Was no longer selling large numbers. He and his wife were forced into bankruptcy in 1976, as they owed over $ 6 million. By the end of the bankruptcy proceedings in 1977, Hayes had lost his home, much of his personal property, and the rights to all future royalties earned from the music he had written, performed, and produced. In 1977, Hayes was back with a new deal with Polydor Records, a live album of duets with Dionne Warwick did moderately well, and his comeback studio album New Horizon sold better and enjoyed
5304-436: Was not featured on the album. In 1972, Hayes would record the theme tune for the television series The Men and release a hit single (with "Type Thang" as a B-side). He released a couple of other non-album singles during the year, such as " If Loving You Is Wrong (I Don't Want to Be Right) " and "Rolling Down a Mountainside." Atlantic would re-release Hayes's debut album this year with the new title In The Beginning . Hayes
5382-493: Was not pleased with the show's treatment of Scientology, but saying that he "understands what Matt and Trey are doing." On March 13, 2006, a statement was issued in Hayes's name, indicating that he was asking to be released from his contract with Comedy Central , calling recent episodes that satirized religious beliefs intolerant. "There is a place in this world for satire, but there is a time when satire ends and intolerance and bigotry towards religious beliefs of others begins", he
5460-436: Was popular before guitars became widely available in the 1890s. Juke joint music began with the blues, then Black folk rags (" ragtime stuff" and "folk rags" are a catch-all term for older African American music) and then the boogie woogie dance music of the late 1880s or 1890s, which influenced the blues , barrel house, and the slow drag dance music of the rural South (moving to Chicago 's Black rent-party circuit in
5538-409: Was pronounced dead at 2:08 p.m. The cause of death was not immediately clear, although the area medical examiners later listed a recurrence of stroke as the cause of death. Hayes was buried at Memorial Park Cemetery , in Memphis, Tennessee. The Tennessee General Assembly enacted legislation in 2010 to honor Hayes by naming a section of Interstate 40 the "Isaac Hayes Memorial Highway." The name
5616-477: Was quoted as saying in the press-statement. However, the statement did not directly mention Scientology. A response from Stone said that Hayes's complaints stemmed from the show's criticism of Scientology and that he "has no problem –and he's cashed plenty of checks– with our show making fun of Christians, Muslims, Mormons, or Jews." On March 20, 2006, two days before the episode " The Return of Chef " aired, Roger Friedman of Fox News reported having been told that
5694-587: Was raised by his maternal grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Willie Wade Sr. The child of a sharecropper family, Hayes grew up working on farms in the Tennessee counties of Shelby and Tipton . At age five, Hayes began singing at his local church and he taught himself to play the piano, Hammond organ, flute, and saxophone. Hayes dropped out of high school, but his former teachers at Manassas High School in Memphis encouraged him to complete his diploma, which he did at
5772-608: Was still recorded and performed by singers such as Sharon Jones , Charles Bradley , Peggy Scott-Adams , Trudy Lynn , Roy C , Sir Charles Jones , Barbara Carr , Willie Clayton , Bobby Rush , Denise LaSalle , Gwen McCrae , Johnnie Taylor , Omar Cunningham , and William Bell . Juke joint Juke joint (also jukejoint, jook house, jook, or juke) is the African-American vernacular term for an informal establishment featuring music, dancing, gambling, and drinking, primarily operated by African Americans in
5850-477: Was the most popular instrument for Southern musicians, white and black alike. The fiddle-based music that was played for slaves at their dances formed the foundation of much of what is now termed "old-timey" or " hillbilly " country music. These dances were often referred to at the time as jigs and reels ; Elijah Ward notes that there were "terms routinely used for any dance that struck respectable people as wild or unrestrained, whether Irish or African." The banjo
5928-454: Was the most successful of these releases. On Hot Buttered Soul , Hayes reinterpreted " Walk On By " (previously recorded by Dionne Warwick) into a 12-minute exploration. " By the Time I Get to Phoenix " starts with an eight-minute-long monologue before breaking into song, and the lone original number, the funky "Hyperbolicsyllabicsesquedalymistic" runs nearly ten minutes, a significant break from
6006-636: Was the only white man there, describes juke joints of the time as, "unappealing, decrepit, crumbling shacks" that were often so small that only a few couples could Hully Gully . The outside yard was filled with trash. Inside they were "dusty" and "squalid" with the walls "stained to shoulder height". In 1934, anthropologist Zora Neale Hurston made the first formal attempt to describe the juke joint and its cultural role, writing that "the Negro jooks...are primitive rural counterparts of resort night clubs, where turpentine workers take their evening relaxation deep in
6084-424: Was under the influence of a substance, and Carolla and co-host Teresa Strasser asked Hayes if he had ever used marijuana . After some confusion on what was being asked, Hayes replied that he had only ever tried it once. During the interview the radio hosts made light of Hayes's awkward answers, and replayed snippets of earlier ones to simulate conversation with his co-hosts. Hayes stated during this interview that he
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