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46-644: Ise is located on the northern half of Shima Peninsula in far eastern Mie Prefecture. The northern part of the city is flat land and faces Ise Bay on the Pacific Ocean. In the south, the land rises to form hills and mountains with an elevation of 100 to 500 meters. Most of the city is within the geographic limits of Ise-Shima National Park . Mie Prefecture Ise has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa ) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Ise

92-556: A mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 28 members. Ise contributes four members to the Mie Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Mie 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan . Ise has 23 public elementary schools and ten public middle schools operated by the city government and six public high schools operated by

138-477: A party-list system of proportional representation , and 289 are elected from single-member constituencies. The overall voting system used to elect the House of Representatives is a parallel system , a form of semi-proportional representation . Under a parallel system, the allocation of list seats does not take into account the outcome in the single seat constituencies. Therefore, the overall allocation of seats in

184-548: A " Hatomander ". The bill passed the House of Representatives in May 1956, but was never voted on by the House of Councillors. Electoral reform came into vogue again in the 1970s, but Kakuei Tanaka 's plan met opposition internally in the LDP and never came to a vote in either chamber of the Diet. Japan entered a lengthy recession in the 1990s (see Lost Decades ), which many people blamed on

230-578: A coalition with their old rivals the Socialists, whose leader Tomiichi Murayama became prime minister. As with party colleagues Ichirō Hatoyama and Kakuei Tanaka before him, prime minister Toshiki Kaifu of the LDP unsuccessfully tried to reform the electoral system in 1991. However, the Morihiro Hosokawa government got the 1994 Japanese electoral reform through the Diet, introducing a parallel voting system which went into effect at

276-537: A major political issue or controversy. One infamous example was on March 14, 1953, when Shigeru Yoshida dissolved the House and called for new election, after he name called people during a meeting of the budget committee. This came to be known as the "you idiot" dissolution . In 1955, prime minister Ichirō Hatoyama oversaw the creation of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), which since his third government has dominated Japanese politics under

322-647: A result of the 1889 Meiji Constitution . It was modeled on the parliaments of several Western countries, particularly the German Empire and the United Kingdom, because of the Emperor Meiji 's westernizing reforms. The Imperial Diet consisted of two chambers , the elected House of Representatives which was the lower house, and the House of Peers which was the upper house. This format was similar to

368-512: Is 15.6 °C (60.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,870.8 mm (73.65 in), with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.2 °C (81.0 °F), and lowest in January, at around 4.8 °C (40.6 °F). Per Japanese census data, the population of Ise has remained relatively steady over the past 50 years. Ise's history

414-656: Is directly linked to that of Ise Grand Shrine. Ise Grand Shrine is separated into two main parts: The Inner Shrine and the Outer Shrine. Despite the names, these are actually two physically separate shrines approximately six kilometers apart. Ise began with small settlements that had sprung up around the two shrines. During the Edo period , Ise was a major destination for pilgrimages which were called "o-Ise-mairi" (literally, "Coming to Ise") and thus, these settlements grew larger and developed into small villages. The village around

460-571: Is in front of the JR exit of Iseshi Station. Sanco used to manage a tram service around Ise, in particular a line called the "Shinto Line" that ran from Iseshi Station to the Inner Shrine. It was closed in 1961 and was replaced by buses. Ise has a direct ferry link to Central Japan International Airport . [REDACTED] Media related to Ise, Mie at Wikimedia Commons Ise-Shima The Ise-Shima ( 伊勢志摩 ) region of Japan , also called

506-407: Is passed by the lower house (the House of Representatives) but is voted down by the upper house (the House of Councillors ) the House of Representatives can override the decision of the House of Councillors by a two-thirds vote in the affirmative. However, in the case of treaties , the budget , and the selection of the prime minister, the House of Councillors can only delay passage, but not block

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552-529: Is the lower house of the National Diet of Japan . The House of Councillors is the upper house . The composition of the House is established by Article 41  [ ja ] and Article 42  [ ja ] of the Constitution of Japan . The House of Representatives has 465 members, elected for a four-year term. Of these, 176 members are elected from 11 multi-member constituencies by

598-609: The 1955 System . The LDP would govern without interruption for nearly 40 years until the 1993 election , alone save for a three-year coalition government with the New Liberal Club after the 1983 election . Hatoyama planned to change the electoral system to first past the post , introducing a bill to that effect in March 1956. This was met with opposition from the Socialist Party , who criticized Hatoyama's plan as

644-507: The Democratic Socialist Party became Japan's first socialist prime minister and the first since the introduction of parliamentarianism. Since the end of US rule in 1952, it has been the norm that the prime minister dissolves the House of Representatives before its 4-year term expires. Only once, in 1976, did the House last a full 4 years. It has become tradition to give nicknames to each dissolution, usually referencing

690-788: The House of Lords in the Westminster system , or the Herrenhaus in Prussia , where the upper house represented the aristocracy . Both houses, and also the Emperor, had to agree on legislation, and even at the height of party-based constitutional government, the House of Peers could simply vote down bills deemed too liberal by the Meiji oligarchy , such as the introduction of women's suffrage , increases in local autonomy, or trade union rights. The prime minister and his government served at

736-600: The Kan Cabinet and Noda Cabinet . The LDP and Komeito , who had formed a two-party government between 2003 and 2009, came to power again after the 2012 election . Shinzo Abe , who had previously led the First Abe Cabinet , was prime minister for another stint lasting eight years, stepping down for health reasons in 2020. When the Emperor Akihito expressed interest in abdicating, the Diet passed

782-525: The List of members of the Diet of Japan . Shaded Note that the composition of the ruling coalition may change between lower house elections, e.g. after upper house elections. Parties who vote with the government in the Diet, but are not part of the cabinet (e.g. SDP & NPH after the 1996 election) are not shaded. The Japanese parliament, then known as the Imperial Diet, was established in 1890 as

828-729: The Marco Polo Bridge Incident and the start of war in 1937, the influence of the Imperial Diet was further diminished, though never eliminated, by special laws such as the National Mobilization Law and expanded powers for cabinet agencies such as the Planning Board. The House of Representatives in the Empire had a four-year term and could be dissolved by the Emperor . In contrast, members of

874-971: The Pacific Ocean , and unlike the factory-dotted coast of Ise Bay , the main industry is seafood and marine products, particularly pearl cultivation . Tourism in the Ise-Shima region is fueled primarily by these locations: Direct service is available to Ise-Shima from both Osaka and Nagoya via Kintetsu limited express trains. House of Representatives of Japan Opposition (242) Unaffiliated (2) Naruhito [REDACTED] Fumihito [REDACTED] Shigeru Ishiba ( LDP ) Second Ishiba Cabinet ( LDP – Komeito coalition ) [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Fukushiro Nukaga Kōichirō Genba [REDACTED] Masakazu Sekiguchi Hiroyuki Nagahama Saburo Tokura Kazuo Ueda The House of Representatives ( Japanese : 衆議院 , Hepburn : Shūgiin )

920-470: The Shima Peninsula ( 志摩半島 , Shima-hantō ) , refers to the areas of eastern Mie Prefecture in or around Ise-Shima National Park , which include the cities Ise , Toba , Shima , and parts of the town of Minami-Ise . The area thrives on tourism , with many resort hotels and beaches in the area. Ise-Shima is also famed for fresh seafood, particular oysters . The peninsula extends out into

966-400: The next election in 1996 . Under this system, which remains in effect as of 2022, 300 (since reduced to 289) members of the House of Representatives are elected using first past the post in single-member constituencies, while 200 (since reduced to 176) members are elected in regional blocs using party-list proportional representation . Prime minister Junichiro Koizumi introduced a bill to

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1012-399: The third Katsura government , accompanied by major demonstrations outside the Diet, was followed shortly by resignation. Subsequently, in the period often referred to as Taishō democracy , it became increasingly customary to appoint many ministers, including several prime ministers, from the House of Representatives – Hara Takashi was the first commoner to become prime minister in 1918. In

1058-561: The 2600th anniversary of the foundation of the Japanese empire. The significance of the Ise Grand Shrine to State Shinto made Ujiyamada a target for six air raids during World War II , the largest of which was on July 28, 1945 when 93 Twentieth Air Force Boeing B-29 Superfortress bombers dropped incendiaries, burning 39% of the city. On January 1, 1955 Ujiyamada absorbed the villages of Toyohama, Kitahama, Shigō and Kida and

1104-537: The Emperor's pleasure , and could not be removed by the Imperial Diet. However, the right to vote on, and if necessary to block, legislation including the budget, gave the House of Representatives leverage to force the government into negotiations. After an early period of frequent confrontation and temporary alliances between the cabinet and political parties in the lower house, parts of the Meiji oligarchy more sympathetic to political parties around Itō Hirobumi and parts of

1150-439: The House of Councillors cannot be dissolved. Thus the House of Representatives is considered to be more sensitive to public opinion, and is termed the "lower house". While the legislative term is nominally 4 years, early elections for the lower house are very common, and the median lifespan of postwar legislatures has in practice been around 3 years. For a list of majoritarian members and proportional members from Hokkaidō, see

1196-403: The House of Councillors with a two-thirds majority. The last election for the House of Representatives was held on October 27, 2024, in which the Liberal Democratic Party and their coalition partner Komeito failed to reach a majority of 233 seats, instead winning 215, 18 short of a majority. The House of Representatives has several powers not given to the House of Councillors. If a bill

1242-471: The House of Peers had either life tenure (subject to revocation by the Emperor) or a seven-year term in the case of members elected in mutual peerage elections among the three lower peerage ranks, top taxpayer and academic peerage elections. During the war, the term of the members of the House of Representatives elected in the last pre-war election of 1937 was extended by one year. In the 1946 election to

1288-542: The House of Representatives , held under the U.S.-led Allied occupation of Japan , women's suffrage was introduced, and a system of "large" electoral districts (one or two per prefecture) with limited voting was used. A change in the electoral law in April 1945 had for the first time allocated 30 seats to the established colonies of the Empire: Karafuto ( Sakhalin ), Taiwan , and Chōsen ( Korea ); but this change

1334-624: The House of Representatives in 2006 on changing the Imperial Household Law to allow a woman to ascend the Chrysanthemum Throne (see Japanese imperial succession debate ), but he withdrew the bill after the birth of Prince Hisahito of Akishino the same year. The LDP once again lost power at the 2009 election , when the Democratic Party -led Hatoyama Cabinet took over, followed in rapid succession by

1380-589: The House of Representatives is not proportional, to the advantage of larger parties. In contrast, in bodies such as the German Bundestag or the New Zealand Parliament the election of single-seat members and party list members is linked, so that the overall result respects proportional representation fully or to some degree. The House of Representatives is the more powerful of the two houses, able to override vetoes on bills imposed by

1426-462: The House of Representatives would now be able to override the upper house in important matters. The constitution also gave the Diet exclusive legislative authority, without involvement of the Emperor, and explicitly made the cabinet responsible to the Diet and requires that the prime minister has the support of a majority in the House of Representatives. The Diet first met under the new constitution on May 20, 1947. Four days later, Tetsu Katayama of

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1472-513: The Inner Shrine was named Uji, and the village around the Outer Shrine was named Yamada . Because of the religious importance of Ise Grand Shrine, the Tokugawa shogunate during the Edo period viewed the area as politically significant and installed a magistrate in Yamada. During the Meiji period , these two villages were merged with the establishment of the modern municipal system to form

1518-605: The LDP. In the 1993 election , the party lost power for the first time under the 1955 System, when an eight-party coalition led by Morihiro Hosokawa of the Japan New Party were able to form a government . This government fell apart after nine months, and was succeeded by the Hata Cabinet , another short-lived non-LDP government. The LDP returned to power in 1994 with the Murayama Cabinet , this time in

1564-616: The Mie Prefectural Department of Education. The city also has one private middle school and four private high schools. The Shinto -affiliated Kogakkan University is located in Ise. Ise is easily accessible by rail due to the popularity of Ise Grand Shrine as a tourist attraction. Kintetsu offers direct service to Ise from Kyoto , Osaka and Nagoya in the form of regular express trains (once or twice an hour) and limited express trains (usually twice an hour). The ride from Osaka takes about 135 minutes (105 minutes on

1610-463: The legislation. As a result, the House of Representatives is considered the more powerful house. Members of the House of Representatives, who are elected to a maximum of four years, sit for a shorter term than members of the House of Councillors , who are elected to full six-year terms. The lower house can also be dissolved by the Prime Minister or the passage of a nonconfidence motion, while

1656-513: The liberal parties eventually formed a more permanent alliance, in the form of the Rikken Seiyūkai in 1900. The confidence of the House of Representatives was never a formal requirement to govern, but between 1905 and 1918, only one cabinet took office that did not enjoy majority support in the House of Representatives. During the Taishō political crisis in 1913, a no-confidence vote against

1702-511: The limited express), the ride from Nagoya takes about 100 minutes (85 minutes on the limited express). JR Central , offers direct service to Ise from Nagoya once an hour on the Mie Rapid , which takes about 90 minutes. [REDACTED] Kintetsu Railway - Yamada Line [REDACTED] Kintetsu Railway - Toba Line [REDACTED] JR Tōkai - Sangū Line Sanco operates a number of buses to and through Ise. The main bus hub in town

1748-461: The main JR station in town, Yamada Station, to Iseshi Station . Some things were never renamed, such as Ujiyamada Station , Ise's largest train station, and Ujiyamada High School, Ise's first high school. On September 26, 1959: The Ise-wan Typhoon , Japan's strongest-recorded typhoon, hit Ise and surrounding areas. On November 1, 2005: Ise absorbed the towns of Futami and Obata and the village of Misono (all from Watarai District ). Ise has

1794-470: The multi-member districts. Influence of the House of Representatives on the government increased, and the party cabinets of the 1920s brought Japan apparently closer to a parliamentary system of government, and there were several reforms to the upper house in 1925. However, the balance of powers between the two houses and the influential role of extra-constitutional actors such as the Genrō (who still selected

1840-517: The prime minister) or the military (that had brought down several cabinets) remained in essence untouched. Within a year of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in September 1931, a series of assassinations and coup attempts followed. Party governments were replaced by governments of "national unity" ( kyokoku itchi ) which were dominated by nobles, bureaucrats and increasingly the military. After

1886-573: The same year, the Rice Riots had confronted the government with an unprecedented scale of domestic unrest, and a German Revolution brought the Prusso-German monarchy to an end, the very system Meiji oligarchs had used as the main model for the Meiji constitution to consolidate and preserve Imperial power. Even Yamagata Aritomo and other oligarchs that had been fundamentally opposed to political parties, became more inclined to cooperate with

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1932-423: The still mainly bourgeoisie parties, to prevent a rise of socialism or other movements that might threaten Imperial rule. Socialist parties would not be represented in significant numbers in the lower house until the 1930s. The initially very high census suffrage requirement was reduced several times, until the introduction of universal male suffrage in 1925. The electoral system to the House of Representatives

1978-472: The town of Ujiyamada. The town was upgraded to city status on September 1, 1906. In 1909, the forerunner to the JNR connected Ujiyamada by train, followed by the forerunner of Kintetsu Railway in 1930. These lines were responsible for a large increase in pilgrims and tourists visiting Ise Grand Shrine, peaking with an estimated eight million visitors in the year 1940, per government-sponsored ceremonies celebrating

2024-456: Was also fundamentally changed several times: between systems of "small" mostly single- and few multi-member electoral districts (1890s, 1920, 1924), "medium" mostly multi-member districts (1928–1942) and "large" electoral districts (usually only one, rarely two city and one counties district per prefecture; 1900s and 1910s), using first-past-the-post in single-member districts, plurality-at-large voting (1890s) or single non-transferable vote in

2070-476: Was never implemented. Similarly, Korea and Taiwan were granted several appointed members of the House of Peers in 1945. In 1946, both houses of the Imperial Diet (together with the Emperor) passed the postwar constitutional amendment which took effect in 1947. The Imperial Diet was renamed the National Diet, the House of Peers was replaced by an elected upper house called the House of Councillors , and

2116-544: Was renamed Ise City. The reason for this change is to avoid naming confusion with the later-formed cities of Uji in Kyōto Prefecture and the city of Yamada (now the city of Kama ) in Fukuoka Prefecture . The name "Ise" was chosen because it was already recognized throughout Japan due to Ise Grand Shrine. However, the renaming phase took some time around the city. For example, it took four years to rename

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