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29-568: Situated on a rocky crest rising from 350 to 475 metres (1,148 to 1,558 ft) between the Carpino and the Sordo rivers, the plan of Isernia still reflects the ancient layout of the Roman town, with a central wide street, the cardo maximus , still represented by Corso Marcelli, and side streets at right angles on both sides. The comune of Isernia includes 16 frazioni . The most densely populated

58-452: A crowded town on market day causing thousands of deaths. In the following weeks they came back twelve times without ever hitting their targets: the bridges of Isernia, Cardarelli and Santo Spirito, then built entirely of iron, towards the internal area. All the bridges were vital to the German retreat. In 1970 Isernia became the capital of the province of the same name, created out of part of

87-523: A former Samnite toponym, but a connection to an Indo-European root, aeser , which means "water", is tenuous. Classical Aesernia was a city of Samnium , included within the territory of the Pentri tribe, situated in the valley of the Vulturnus (modern Volturno ), on a small stream flowing into that river, and distant 22 kilometres (14 mi) from Venafrum (modern Venafro ). The Itinerary (in which

116-441: A full program of live performances, original and energetic, showing the richness and musical diversity of an area that has many natural resources, as well as landscape and historical importance. The festival has high artistic achievements and standards, although it has not yet fully exploited its material in a structured, integrated and accessible way, to represent real strategic factors in economic and social development. Standing on

145-602: A hill which has many well tended olive trees, Carpino has been dubbed "Città dell’olio" (Oil Town) because of its business of producing olive oil. Noteworthy are the archaeological site of the " grotte di Minutille " (the Minutille caves), the Church of the Holy Cross, the Church of Saint George, and the Church of Saint Cyril. The town is first mentioned in historical records in 1158, in a bull of pope Adrian IV , with which

174-512: A large number of archaeological remains. The historical center still keeps intact the spare map structure of the Roman cities: in fact it represents the largest raced Marcelli street, around which there is an infinity of alleys and little spares, as for example, "Trento e Trieste" spares. The famous Fraterna Fountain, the town's main symbol, was built in the 13th century: it is made up of living stone's slabs coming from ruined Roman monuments, while all

203-517: A time, after the successive fall of Corfinium (modern Corfinio ) and Bovianum, the headquarters of the Italic League . At this time it was evidently a place of importance and a strong fortress, but it was so severely punished for its defection by Sulla after the final defeat of the Samnites in 88 BC, that Strabo speaks of it as in his time utterly deserted. We learn, however, that a colony

232-410: A window splay. The higher fillet presents a line of smooth ashlars on which twelve little hanging arches set, supported by little brackets adorned with zoomorphic, phytomorphic and geometric motives. On the bottom of the fountain, on a second level in respect to the arcade, you can distinguish two blocks of Roman age with some swags and a funerary epigraph dedicated to the god Mani. On its right side there

261-490: Is Castelromano which is positioned in a plain at the base of the La Romana mount, elevation 862 metres (2,828 ft), 5 kilometres (3 mi) from Isernia. The area of Isernia was settled at least 700,000 years ago: the nearby site called Pineta has been cited in the magazine Science as the most ancient site where traces of use of fire by humans have been found. The city's Roman name, Aesernia , reflects probably

290-535: Is a coastal town and comune of the Italian region of Apulia , lying on the Gargano peninsula. The town's name has been linked to the rebirth of the traditional folk songs of Gargano, which have artistic value and deserve to be preserved and studied. The group " Cantori di Carpino " (Carpino Singers), by reinterpreting ancient tarantellas , has enabled the development of a broadly articulated project regarding

319-545: Is a series of smooth fillets (the one on the left is a Roman-epoch and fragmentary epigraph with the letters AE PONT, while in the centre there is a mat decorated with dolphins and a Roman-age flower, probably coming from a sepulchral building), then there is a median fillet with a series of six round arches supported, on the left side, by little circular columns and on the right side, by little octagonal columns. Above these columns there are some capitals of re-employment. Two capitals have trapezoidal-plant abacus and perhaps adorned

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348-492: Is a third high-mediaeval epigraph, situated between two lion statues, referring to the building of a fountain. A deep study of the surfaces allows to verify that the blocks were worked on several occasions, with an extremely long interval, and that come from an undefined number of buildings of the town. Therefore, the handiwork represents an interesting abacus of workings, decorative elements, an exemplar of material culture with centuries of town history written on. Isernia La Pineta

377-498: Is an archaeological excavation site containing thousands of bones and stone tools covering 20,000 square metres (4.9 acres). It was discovered in 1979, by an amateur naturalist who noticed a bone sticking out of the side of a cut that had been created by the construction of the Napoli-Vasto motorway . The site was clearly created by humans, but its purpose is still unknown. Carpino Carpino ( Pugliese : Carpìne )

406-664: The Lombard conquest, the deserted area was given to a group of Bulgars , who circa 662 fled from the Avars and sought refuge with the Lombards . Bojano became a seat of a gastaldate . The Bulgars also settled in nearby Sepino and Isernia . Paul the Deacon in his Historia Langobardorum writing after the year 787 says that in his time Bulgars still inhabited the area, and that even though they speak "Latin", "they have not forsaken

435-589: The Social War it adhered to the Roman cause, and was gallantly defended against the Samnite general Vettius Scato , by Marcus Claudius Marcellus , nor was it till after a long protracted siege that it was compelled by famine to surrender, 90 BC. Henceforth it continued in the hands of the confederates; and at a later period of the contest afforded a shelter to the Samnite leader, Gaius Papius Mutilus , after his defeat by Lucius Cornelius Sulla . It even became for

464-464: The province of Campobasso . The hills around Isernia produces red, white and rose Pentro di Isernia , an Italian DOC wine . The grapes are limited to harvest yields of 11 tonnes/ha with the finished red and rose wines needing a minimum alcohol level of 11% and the finished whites required to have at least 10.5% alcohol. The reds and roses are composed of 45-55% Montepulciano , 45-55% Sangiovese and up to 10% local grape varieties to fill out

493-474: The abbey of Monte Sacro obtained privileges on the church of St. Peter e St. Mary near the " castellum capralis ", a location identifiable as the municipality, as subsequently confirmed from historical documents. This Apulia location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bojano Bojano or Boiano is a town and comune in the province of Campobasso , Molise , south-central Italy . Originally named Bovianum , it

522-441: The blend if needed. The whites are composed of 60-70% Trebbiano , 30-40% Bombino bianco and up to 10% local varieties to fill out the blend if needed. The coins of Aesernia, which are found only in copper, and have the legend "AISERNINO", belong to the period of the first Roman colony; the style of their execution attests the influence of the neighboring Campania . Although having suffered repeated destruction, Isernia preserves

551-443: The heights above the modern town. Other attractions include: Alifana, Campi Marzi, Castellone, Chiovitti, Ciccagne, Civita Superiore, Codacchio, Colacci, Collalto, Cucciolene, Fonte delle Felci, Imperato, Limpiilli, Majella, Malatesta, Monteverde, Mucciarone, Pallotta, Petrilli, Pietre Cadute, Pinciere, Pitoscia, Pitti, Prusciello, Rio Freddo, Santa Maria dei Rivoli, Sant'Antonio Abate, Taddeo, Tilli Tilli. This article on

580-492: The lower parts of the modern walls present considerable portions of polygonal construction, which may be assigned either to the ancient Samnite city, or to the first Roman colony. The modern city is still the see of a bishop . The massively constructed podium now underlying the cathedral probably supported the Capitolium. In the early 7th century AD, what are today the comuni of Isernia as well as Bojano and Sepino were

609-538: The name is written "Serni") places it on the road from Aufidena to Bovianum , at the distance of 45 kilometres (28 mi) from the former, and 29 kilometres (18 mi) from the latter; but the former number is corrupt, as are the distances in the Tabula Peutingeriana . The first mention of it in history occurs in 295 BC, at which time it had already fallen into the hands of the Romans, together with

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638-672: The places where Grimoald I of Benevento settled a group of Bulgars, seeking refuge from the Avars; the Bulgars were for many generations a distinctive part of the population, until finally assimilated in their Italian environment (see Bulgarians in Italy , Old Great Bulgaria#Bulgars in Southern Italy ). Even after the fall of the Western Roman Empire , Isernia has suffered destruction numerous times in history. Isernia

667-459: The rest is a work of local masters, commissioned by the Rampini family of Isernia. The “Fontana Fraterna” is a refined public fountain with six water jets, with an unusual arcade-shape, made of blocks of calcareous, compact stone. It is built of Roman and Romanesque materials, and had been restored in 1835. The fountain has articulated into three fillets laid one upon the other. From below, there

696-508: The traditional popular music of southern Italy. The town's main square, now called the "Piazza del Popolo", or People's Square, is the historic home of the folk music festival and its influences. The Carpino Folk Festival is an event that includes several cultural elements, brought together under a single symbol, with the performing arts, and especially music, dance, and theater with popular roots, but also workshops, conferences, roundtables, workshops, presentations of literature and cinema, with

725-531: The use of their own tongue". In later times they had evidently become completely assimilated. After two centuries marked by Saracen attacks, in the mid-11th century Bojano was conquered by the Hauteville Normans , becoming a fief of Raoul de Moulins, a companion to Robert Guiscard . The city became a county capital. The city was destroyed by a long series of earthquakes, the last occurring in 1913. The remains of Cyclopean walls can be seen on

754-548: The whole valley of the Vulturnus. After the complete subjugation of the Samnites , a colony, with Latin rights ( colonia Latina ) was settled there by the Romans in 264 BC the city, a key communication center between southern Italy and the inner Appennine Regions. This colony is again mentioned in 209 BC as one of the eighteen which remained faithful to Rome at the most trying period of the Second Punic War . During

783-607: Was destroyed by the Saracens in 800, sacked by Markward of Anweiler , Count of Molise, in 1199, and set on fire in 1223 by the soldiers of Frederick II . In 1519 it was freed from feudal servitude by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and became a city in the Kingdom of Naples . Earthquakes in 847, 1349, 1456 and 1805 caused massive destruction. On the morning of September 10, 1943, during World War II , American planes launched their bombs from B-17 Flying Fortress planes over

812-471: Was sent there by Julius Caesar , and again by Augustus ; but apparently with little success, on which account it was recolonized under Nero . It never, however, enjoyed the rank of a colony, but appears from inscriptions to have been a municipal town of some importance in the time of Trajan and the Antonines . To this period belong the remains of an aqueduct and a fine Roman bridge, still visible; while

841-560: Was settled by the 7th century BC. As the capital of the Pentri , a tribe of the Samnites , it played a major role in the Samnite Wars , as well as in the Social War , when it was a temporary capital (89 BC). It was sacked by Sulla . It was colonized under both the triumvirates , and by Vespasian , who settled veterans of Legio XI Claudia (whence the name Bovianum Undecumanorum , to distinguish it from Bovianum Vetus), and remained an important centre into late antiquity . After

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