The Java Media Framework ( JMF ) is a Java library that enables audio, video and other time-based media to be added to Java applications and applets. This optional package, which can capture, play, stream, and transcode multiple media formats , extends the Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE) and allows development of cross-platform multimedia applications.
36-505: JMF may refer to: Java Media Framework , software Joe Montana Football , an American football video game John Moriarty Football , an organisation supporting Indigenous Australian footballers Juan Manuel Fangio , an Argentinian race car driver June Mar Fajardo , a Filipino basketball player Royal Johor Military Force , a military unit in Malaysia Topics referred to by
72-823: A Debian package for the JMF to alleviate difficulties that had arisen over time when installing the JMF on Debian and Ubuntu Linux. This package does not contain the JMF, but presents the user with the JMF License, retrieves it from the Oracle website, and then installs it. A similar Debian package installer for the JMF MP3 Plugin was also built in February 2011. JMF abstracts the media it works with into DataSource s (for media being read into JMF) and DataSink s (for data being exported out). It does not afford
108-572: A collaboration with ITU-T , and they have a respective catalog number in the ITU-T Recommendation Series. While MPEG-2 is the core of most digital television and DVD formats, it does not completely specify them. Regional institutions can adapt it to their needs by restricting and augmenting aspects of the standard. See Video profiles and levels . MPEG-2 Part 1 (ISO/IEC 13818-1 and ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 ), titled Systems , defines two distinct, but related, container formats . One
144-470: A developer's needs, several other libraries may be more suitable than JMF. These include: The following example shows an AWT file-selection dialog, and attempts to load and play the media file selected by the user. Much of the example is involved with the building of the AWT GUI. Only two lines touch JMF. Manager.createRealizedPlayer() implicitly creates a DataSource from a URL representation of
180-531: A private patent licensing organization, had acquired rights from over 20 corporations and one university to license a patent pool of approximately 640 worldwide patents, which it claimed were "essential" to use of MPEG-2 technology. The patent holders included Sony , Mitsubishi Electric , Fujitsu , Panasonic , Scientific Atlanta , Columbia University , Philips , General Instrument , Canon , Hitachi , JVC Kenwood , LG Electronics , NTT , Samsung , Sanyo , Sharp and Toshiba . Where Software patentability
216-539: A rather different, non-backwards-compatible audio format. This format is most commonly called Advanced Audio Coding (AAC), but was originally called MPEG-2 NBC (non-backwards-compatible). AAC is more efficient than the previous MPEG audio standards, and is in some ways less complicated than its predecessor, MPEG-1 Part 3 Audio Layer 3 , in that it does not have the hybrid filter bank. It supports from 1 to 48 channels at sampling rates of 8 to 96 kHz, with multichannel, multilingual, and multiprogram capabilities. AAC
252-846: Is also defined in MPEG-4 Part 3 . MPEG-2 standards are published as "Parts". Each part covers a certain aspect of the whole specification. MPEG-2 evolved out of the shortcomings of MPEG-1. MPEG-1's known weaknesses: Sakae Okubo of NTT was the ITU-T coordinator for developing the H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 video coding standard and the requirements chairman in MPEG for the MPEG-2 set of standards. The majority of patents underlying MPEG-2 technology are owned by three companies: Sony (311 patents), Thomson (198 patents) and Mitsubishi Electric (119 patents). Hyundai Electronics (now SK Hynix ) developed
288-459: Is branded as part of Sun's "Desktop" technology of J2SE opposed to the Java server-side and client-side application frameworks. The notable exceptions are Java applets and Java Web Start , which have access to the full JMF in the web browser's or appletviewer's underlying JRE. JMF 2.0 originally shipped with an MP3 decoder and encoder. This was removed in 2002, and a new MP3 playback-only plug-in
324-551: Is considered a very useful framework, the freely available implementation provided by Oracle is suffering from a lack of updates and maintenance. JMF does not get much maintenance effort from Oracle; the API has not been enhanced since 1999, and the last news item on JMF's home page was posted in September 2008. While JMF is built for extensibility, there are few such third-party extensions. Furthermore, content editing functionality in JMF
360-401: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Java Media Framework An initial, playback-only version of JMF was developed by Sun Microsystems , Silicon Graphics , and Intel , and released as JMF 1.0 in 1997. JMF 2.0, developed by Sun and IBM , came out in 1999 and added capture, streaming, pluggable codecs , and transcoding. JMF
396-418: Is effectively non-existent. You can do simple recording and playback for audio and video, but the implementation provided by Oracle can do little else. Platforms beyond those that Oracle provides support to are left to their corresponding JRE vendors. While Sun still provides a forum for discussion of its implementation, there have been several efforts to implement open-source alternatives. Depending on
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#1732772328745432-514: Is not as efficient as newer standards such as H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC , backwards compatibility with existing hardware and software means it is still widely used, for example in over-the-air digital television broadcasting and in the DVD-Video standard. MPEG-2 is widely used as the format of digital television signals that are broadcast by terrestrial (over-the-air), cable , and direct broadcast satellite TV systems. It also specifies
468-432: Is supported, Blu-ray does not support MPEG-2 audio (parts 3 and 7). Additionally, the container format used on Blu-ray discs is an MPEG-2 transport stream, regardless of which audio and video codecs are used. As of January 3, 2024, MPEG-2 patents have expired worldwide, with the exception of only Malaysia, where the last patent is expected to expire in 2035. The last US patent expired on February 23, 2018. MPEG LA ,
504-517: Is the program stream , an extended version of the MPEG-1 container format with less overhead than transport stream . Program stream is designed for random access storage mediums such as hard disk drives , optical discs and flash memory . Transport stream file formats include M2TS , which is used on Blu-ray discs, AVCHD on re-writable DVDs and HDV on compact flash cards. Program stream files include VOB on DVDs and Enhanced VOB on
540-433: Is the transport stream , a data packet format designed to transmit one data packet in four ATM data packets for streaming digital video and audio over fixed or mobile transmission mediums, where the beginning and the end of the stream may not be identified, such as radio frequency , cable and linear recording mediums, examples of which include ATSC / DVB / ISDB / SBTVD broadcasting, and HDV recording on tape. The other
576-432: Is the standard format for over-the-air ATSC digital television. MPEG-2 introduces new audio encoding methods compared to MPEG-1: MPEG-2 Part 3 (ISO/IEC 13818-3), titled Audio , enhances MPEG-1 's audio by allowing the coding of audio programs with more than two channels , up to 5.1 multichannel. This method is backwards-compatible with MPEG-1, allowing MPEG-1 audio decoders to decode the two main stereo components of
612-485: Is upheld and patents have not expired (only Malaysia), the use of MPEG-2 requires the payment of licensing fees to the patent holders. Other patents were licensed by Audio MPEG, Inc. The development of the standard itself took less time than the patent negotiations. Patent pooling between essential and peripheral patent holders in the MPEG-2 pool was the subject of a study by the University of Wisconsin. According to
648-583: The DVB standard: Allowed resolutions for SDTV : For HDTV: The ATSC A/53 standard used in the United States, uses MPEG-2 video at the Main Profile @ High Level (MP@HL), with additional restrictions such as the maximum bitrate of 19.39 Mbit/s for broadcast television and 38.8 Mbit/s for cable television, 4:2:0 chroma subsampling format, and mandatory colorimetry information. ATSC allows
684-660: The JMF implementation supplied in up-to-date JRE's supports relatively few up-to-date codecs and formats. Its all-Java version, for example, cannot play MPEG-2 , MPEG-4 , Windows Media , RealMedia , most QuickTime movies, Flash content newer than Flash 2, and needs a plug-in to play the ubiquitous MP3 format. While the performance packs offer the ability to use the native platform's media library, they're only offered for Linux, Solaris and Windows. In particular, MS Windows-based JMF developers new to JMF often expect support for some newer formats on all platforms when such formats are only, in fact, supported on MS Windows. While JMF
720-451: The MPEG-2 licensing agreement any use of MPEG-2 technology in countries with active patents (Malaysia) is subject to royalties . MPEG-2 encoders and decoders are subject to $ 0.35 per unit. Also, any packaged medium (DVDs/Data Streams) is subject to licence fees according to length of recording/broadcast. The royalties were previously priced higher but were lowered at several points, most recently on January 1, 2018. An earlier criticism of
756-412: The United States and elsewhere. The DVD-Video standard uses MPEG-2 video, but imposes some restrictions: HDV is a format for recording and playback of high-definition MPEG-2 video on a DV cassette tape. MOD and TOD are recording formats for use in consumer digital file-based camcorders. XDCAM is a professional file-based video recording format. Application-specific restrictions on MPEG-2 video in
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#1732772328745792-627: The decoder to interlace them and perform 3:2 pulldown before display. This allows broadcasters to switch between 60 Hz interlaced (news, soap operas) and 24 Hz progressive (prime-time) content without ending the MPEG-2 sequence and introducing several seconds of delay as the TV switches formats. This is the reason why 1080p30 and 1080p24 sequences allowed by the ATSC specification are not used in practice. The 1080-line formats are encoded with 1920 × 1088 pixel luma matrices and 960 × 540 chroma matrices, but
828-413: The developer significant access to the particulars of any given format; rather, media is represented as sources (themselves obtained from URL's) that can be read in and played, processed, and exported (though not all codecs support processing and transcoding). A Manager class offers static methods that are the primary point-of-contact with JMF for applications. Many JMF developers have complained that
864-507: The file, creates a Player , and realizes it, meaning that all resources necessary for playback are allocated and initialized. The getVisualComponent() asks the Player for an AWT Component suitable for use in a GUI. If a control component were desired, it would be obtained with getControlPanelComponent() and added to the GUI separately. Note that the developer is not concerned with
900-553: The first MPEG-2 SAVI (System/Audio/Video) decoder in 1995. .mpg, .mpeg, .m2v, .mp2, . mp3 are some of a number of filename extensions used for MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 audio and video file formats. File extension MP3 (formally MPEG-1 Audio Layer III or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III ) is a coding format for digital audio developed largely by the Fraunhofer Society in Germany, with support from other digital scientists in
936-450: The following video resolutions, aspect ratios, and frame/field rates: ATSC standard A/63 defines additional resolutions and aspect rates for 50 Hz (PAL) signal. The ATSC specification and MPEG-2 allow the use of progressive frames, even within an interlaced video sequence. For example, a station that transmits 1080i60 video sequence can use a coding method where those 60 fields are coded with 24 progressive frames and metadata instructs
972-570: The format of movies and other programs that are distributed on DVD and similar discs. TV stations , TV receivers , DVD players, and other equipment are often designed to this standard. MPEG-2 was the second of several standards developed by the Moving Pictures Expert Group ( MPEG ) and is an international standard ( ISO / IEC 13818 , titled Information technology — Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information ). Parts 1 and 2 of MPEG-2 were developed in
1008-557: The format of the media - this code works equally well for any media format that JMF can import and read. MPEG-2 MPEG-2 (a.k.a. H.222/H.262 as was defined by the ITU ) is a standard for "the generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information". It describes a combination of lossy video compression and lossy audio data compression methods, which permit storage and transmission of movies using currently available storage media and transmission bandwidth. While MPEG-2
1044-443: The format used by analog broadcast TV systems. MPEG-2 video is not optimized for low bit rates , especially less than 1 Mbit/s at standard-definition resolutions. All standards-compliant MPEG-2 Video decoders are fully capable of playing back MPEG-1 Video streams conforming to the constrained parameters bitstream (CPB) limits. With some enhancements, MPEG-2 Video and Systems are also used in some HDTV transmission systems, and
1080-485: The last 8 lines are discarded by the MPEG-2 decoding and display process. ATSC A/72 is the newest revision of ATSC standards for digital television, which allows the use of H.264/AVC video coding format and 1080p60 signal. MPEG-2 audio was a contender for the ATSC standard during the DTV " Grand Alliance " shootout, but lost out to Dolby AC-3 . Technical features of MPEG-2 in ATSC are also valid for ISDB-T , except that in
1116-500: The main TS has aggregated a second program for mobile devices compressed in MPEG-4 H.264 AVC for video and AAC -LC for audio, mainly known as 1seg . MPEG-2 is one of the three supported video coding formats supported by Blu-ray Disc. Early Blu-ray releases typically used MPEG-2 video, but recent releases are almost always in H.264 or occasionally VC-1 . Only MPEG-2 video (MPEG-2 part 2)
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1152-563: The presentation. This extension is called MPEG Multichannel or MPEG-2 BC (backwards-compatible). MPEG-2 Part 3 also defines additional bit rates and sampling rates for MPEG-1 Audio Layers I, II, and III. This extension is known as MPEG-2 LSF (low sampling frequencies), since the new sampling rates are one-half multiples (16, 22.05 and 24 kHz) of the sampling rates defined in MPEG-1 (32, 44.1 and 48 kHz). MPEG-2 Part 7 (ISO/IEC 13818-7), titled Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) specifies
1188-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title JMF . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=JMF&oldid=1259676607 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1224-430: The short lived HD DVD . The standard MPEG-2 transport stream contains packets of 188 bytes. M2TS prepends each packet with 4 bytes containing a 2-bit copy permission indicator and 30-bit timestamp. ISO authorized the " SMPTE Registration Authority, LLC" as the registration authority for MPEG-2 format identifiers. The registration descriptor of MPEG-2 transport is provided by ISO/IEC 13818-1 in order to enable users of
1260-477: The standard to unambiguously carry data when its format is not necessarily a recognized international standard. This provision will permit the MPEG-2 transport standard to carry all types of data while providing for a method of unambiguous identification of the characteristics of the underlying private data. MPEG-2 Part 2 (ISO/IEC 13818-2 and ITU-T Rec. H.262), titled Video , is similar to the previous MPEG-1 Part 2 standard, but adds support for interlaced video ,
1296-624: Was posted in 2004. JMF binaries are available under a custom license, and the source is available under the SCSL . The current version ships with four JAR files, and shell scripts to launch four JMF-based applications: JMF is available in an all-Java version and as platform-specific "performance packs", which can contain native-code players for the platform, and/or hooks into a multimedia engine specific to that platform. JMF 2.0 offers performance packs for Linux, Solaris (on SPARC) and Windows. In January 2011, Tudor Holton of Bentokit Project released
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