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20-748: The HMEE is an armoured backhoe loader designed for high speeds in order to self-deploy with military convoys. Most backhoes are limited to much lower speeds. It is also capable of towing heavy loads and has good off-road mobility. It is based on technology from the JCB Fastrac tractors. The HMEE is built at JCB's plant in Pooler, Georgia , integrating armour made by American Defense Systems (ASDI). Engine: Cummins QSB 6.7 Weight: 16.18 tonnes (35,700 lb) armoured, 13.5 tonnes (30,000 lb) unarmoured Speed: Up to 60 miles per hour (97 km/h) Backhoe loader A backhoe loader , also called

40-591: A breaker , grapple , auger , or a stump grinder . Enhanced articulation of attachments can be achieved with intermediate attachments such as the tiltrotator . Many backhoes feature quick coupler (quick-attach) mounting systems and auxiliary hydraulic circuits for simplified attachment mounting, increasing the machine's utilization on the job site. Some loader buckets have a retractable bottom or "clamshell", enabling it to empty its load more quickly and efficiently. Retractable-bottom loader buckets are also often used for grading and scraping. The front assembly may be

60-446: A loader backhoe , loader excavator , tractor excavator , digger or colloquially shortened to backhoe within the industry, is a heavy equipment vehicle that consists of a tractor -like unit fitted with a loader -style shovel / bucket on the front and a backhoe on the back. Due to its (relatively) small size and versatility, backhoe loaders are very common in urban engineering and small construction projects (such as building

80-410: A removable attachment or permanently mounted. Because digging while on tires intrinsically causes the machine to rock, and the swinging weight of the backhoe could cause the vehicle to tip, most backhoe loaders use hydraulic outriggers or stabilizers at the rear when digging and lower the loader bucket for additional stability. This means that the bucket must be raised and the outriggers retracted when

100-930: A rigid and strong method as to be certified as such by authorities (classification societies) such as the American Bureau of Shipping , Lloyd's Register of Shipping , Indian Register of Shipping , Det Norske Veritas or several others. These units stay combined under virtually any sea conditions and the "tugs" usually have poor sea-keeping designs for navigation without their "barges" attached. Vessels in this category are legally considered to be ships rather than tugboats and barges must be staffed accordingly. These vessels must show navigation lights compliant with those required of ships rather than those required of tugboats and vessels under tow. "Articulated Tug and Barge" (ATB) units also utilize mechanical means to connect to their barges. ATBs generally utilize Intercon and Bludworth connecting systems. ATBs are generally staffed as

120-581: A semitrailer) [6] [a] is the combination of a tractor unit and one or more semi-trailers to carry freight. Many train cars are made with articulated connections, sharing a common truck between two cars. This reduces costs, weight, vibration and noise; and also enables higher speed running. One of the first examples of articulated railway carriages were used by the London & North Eastern Railway (LNER) in Great Britain on its London Suburban Trains in

140-717: A single track when making a turn in a soft surface like mud or sand. (the rear wheels follow the front wheel trajectory) The most common models of articulated haulers are Caterpillar , Volvo , and Terex trucks ranging in tonnage from 25 to 40 ton . Some military vehicles, including the United States Armed Forces ' M561 Gama Goat and the Swedish Bandvagn 206 were engineered with an articulated body for rough terrain capability. The "integral unit", or "Integrated Tug and Barge" (ITB), comprises specially designed vessels that lock together in such

160-544: A small house, fixing urban roads, etc.) as well as developing countries. This type of machine is similar to and derived from what is now known as a TLB (Tractor-Loader-Backhoe), which is to say, an agricultural tractor fitted with a front loader and rear backhoe attachment. The true development of the backhoe actually began in 1947 by the inventors that started the Wain-Roy Corporation of Hubbardston, Massachusetts. In 1947 Wain-Roy Corporation developed and tested

180-523: Is not necessarily considered articulated. Buses are articulated to allow for a much longer bus that can still navigate within the turning radius of a normal bus. Most buses have one articulation, but some have two . In the UK, tractor unit and trailer combinations are referred to as articulated lorries , or "artics". A semi-trailer truck, also known as a semitruck, [1] (or semi, [2] eighteen-wheeler, [3] big rig, [4] tractor-trailer [5] or, by synecdoche,

200-565: The 1950s. Articulated trams, were invented and first used by the Boston Elevated Railway in 1912–13. This was instead of using trailers or multiple units, which had been attempted in the early 1900s. The articulated design allows passengers (and fare inspectors) to move the entire length of the vehicle, whether stopped or in motion. Front loaders , graders , dump trucks and other vehicles have been made with articulated joints to greatly reduce their turning radius and make

220-411: The U.S. by J.I. Case in 1957. Their Model 320 was the world's first serial backhoe loader. Although based on a tractor, a backhoe loader was and is almost never called a tractor when both the loader and the backhoe are permanently attached. Backhoe loaders are also not generally used for towing and usually do not have a power take-off (PTO) as often this is used to drive the hydraulic pump operating

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240-406: The ability to perform minor excavation projects. Articulated vehicle An articulated vehicle is a vehicle which has a permanent or semi-permanent coupling in its construction. This coupling works as a large pivot joint , allowing it to bend and turn more sharply. There are many kinds, from heavy equipment to buses , trams and trains . Steam locomotives were sometimes articulated so

260-542: The attachments. When the backhoe is permanently attached, the machine usually has a seat that can swivel to the rear to face the hoe controls. Removable backhoe attachments almost always have a separate seat on the attachment itself. In Britain and Ireland they are commonly referred to simply as JCBs; they are popularly called "JCB" in India . In the United States, they are often referred to as "backhoes", although

280-460: The backhoe's back arm to be slightly curved like that of an excavator , which can allow more maneuverability. Backhoe loaders are very common and can be used for a wide variety of tasks: construction, small demolitions, light transportation of building materials , powering building equipment, digging holes/ excavation , landscaping , breaking asphalt , and paving roads. Often, the backhoe bucket can also be replaced with powered attachments such as

300-514: The driving wheels could pivot around corners. In a broader sense, any vehicle towing a trailer (including a semi-trailer ) could be described as articulated (which comes from the Latin word articulus , "small joint"). In the UK, an articulated lorry is the combination of a tractor and a trailer, abbreviated to "artic". In the US, it is called a semi-trailer truck , tractor-trailer or semi-truck and

320-470: The first actual backhoes. In April 1948 Wain-Roy Corporation sold the first all-hydraulic backhoes, mounted to a Ford Model 8N tractor, to the Connecticut Light and Power Company for $ 705. Evolving in parallel to development in the U.S., backhoes were first produced in the UK in 1953 by JCB , but it was just a prototype. The world's first backhoe loader with factory warranty was introduced in

340-502: The mid-1920s; this rolling stock was designed by Nigel Gresley and built at the LNER's Doncaster Works . The four set "Quad-arts" were one of the very earliest articulated trains, this innovation was to save space. Although not the same as modern high speed trains where all the carriages share common bogies , they are an early form of the now more common design. Trams and light rail vehicles have been made with articulated designs since

360-416: The most popular urban construction vehicles . For larger projects, a tracked excavator is generally used. In recent years, small compact tractors have become very popular with private homeowners. Subcompact tractors, the size between a compact tractor and lawn tractor, are also often sold in backhoe loader setup, sometimes with a belly-mounted mower also included. These tractors offer private homeowners

380-458: The term ' backhoe ' only refers to one component. In 1970, Hy-Dynamic, now a division of Bucyrus-Erie , manufacturer of the Dynahoe, was the first company to incorporate a four-wheel drive system into their backhoe loaders, allowing these models to go over almost any terrain with little difficulty. Since the backhoe was invented, several companies such as Caterpillar and John Deere have changed

400-494: The vehicle needs to change positions, reducing efficiency. For this reason many companies offer miniature tracked excavators, which sacrifice the loader function and ability to be driven from site to site, for increased digging efficiency. Their relatively small frame and precise control make backhoe-loaders very useful and common in urban engineering projects such as construction and repairs in areas too small for larger equipment. Their versatility and compact size makes them one of

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