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28-643: Joyous Entries are primarily associated with the historic Duchy of Brabant and County of Flanders and continue in modern-day Belgium where the most recent Joyous Entries took place in 2013. The term is also occasionally used in relation to royal entries in Medieval France , Luxembourg , Hungary , Scotland , and elsewhere. A Joyous Entry is a particular form of, and title for, the general phenomenon of ceremonial entries into cities by rulers or their representatives, which were celebrated with enormous pageantry and festivities throughout Europe from at least

56-732: A Joyous Entry (charter of liberty) to the subjects of Brabant. In 1430 the Duchies of Lower Lotharingia, Brabant and Limburg were inherited by Philip the Good of Burgundy and became part of the Burgundian Netherlands . In 1477 the Duchy of Brabant became part of the House of Habsburg as part of the dowry of Mary of Burgundy . At that time the Duchy extended from Luttre , south of Nivelles to 's Hertogenbosch, with Leuven as

84-531: A black field with red claws and tongue). Probably first used by Count Lambert I of Louvain (ruled 1003–1015), the lion is documented in a 1306 town's seal of Kerpen , together with the red lion of Limburg . Up to the present, the Brabantian lion features as the primary heraldic charge on the coats of arms of both Flemish and Walloon Brabant, and of the Dutch province of North Brabant. The region's name

112-541: A change recognized by the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797. Today all the duchy's former territories, apart from exclaves , are in Belgium except for the Dutch province of North Brabant . The Duchy of Brabant (adjective: Brabantian or Brabantine ) was historically divided into four parts, each with its own capital. The four capitals were Leuven , Brussels , Antwerp and 's-Hertogenbosch . Before 's-Hertogenbosch

140-549: A designation on the UNESCO World Heritage Site list of Belfries of Belgium and France . The principal church, Onze-Lieve-Vrouw-ten-Poel (Our Lady of the Pool), was begun in the 12th and enlarged in the 15th century; it remains unfinished. The town is served by Tienen railway station , the oldest in Belgium still in use. There are also some taxi companies, one of them being Taxi 7 - Tienen . Tienen

168-513: Is first recorded as the Carolingian shire pagus Bracbatensis , located between the rivers Scheldt and Dijle , from braec "marshy" and bant "region". Upon the 843 Treaty of Verdun it was part of Lotharingia within short-lived Middle Francia , and was ceded to East Francia according to the 880 Treaty of Ribemont . In earlier Roman times, the Nervii , a Belgic tribe, lived in

196-722: The Dutch Revolt . Note: the city of Mechelen formed an independent state along with the Land of Heist-op-den-Berg and Gestel . Willemstad , Geertruidenberg and Klundert were part of the County of Holland . Source: Tienen Tienen ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtinə(n)] ; French : Tirlemont [tiʁləmɔ̃] ) is a city and municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant , in Flanders , Belgium . The municipality comprises Tienen itself and

224-622: The Holy Roman Empire , where Godfrey's successors of the ducal Ardennes-Verdun dynasty also ruled over the Gau of Brabant. Here, the counts of Leuven rose to power, when about 1000 Count Lambert I the Bearded married Gerberga , the daughter of Duke Charles of Lower Lorraine , and acquired the County of Brussels . About 1024 southernmost Brabant fell to Count Reginar V of Mons ( Bergen , later Hainaut ), and Imperial lands up to

252-645: The Joyous Entry of 1356 . One of the functions of the Council of Brabant was to ensure that new legislation did not contravene or abrogate the liberties established in the Joyous Entry. In Belgium this ceremonial reception of the new sovereign has continued since 1830. Ceremonial entries are performed by the new royal couple in the capitals of the provinces after the installation of the King. The same goes for

280-562: The Reformation . A formal first visit to a city by an inheritor of the throne of Belgium upon his accession and since 1900 for a crown prince upon his marriage, is still referred to as a "Joyous Entry", a reminder of this tradition of the rule of law . In the Duchy of Brabant the term Joyous Entry was also applied to the charter of liberties that a new ruler was obliged to swear to uphold upon their formal first reception, dating back to

308-672: The Schelde river in the west came under the rule of the French Counts Baldwin V of Flanders by 1059. Upon the death of Count Palatine Herman II of Lotharingia in 1085, Emperor Henry IV assigned his fief between the Dender and Zenne rivers as the Landgraviate of Brabant to Count Henry III of Leuven and Brussels. About one hundred years later, in 1183/1184, Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa formally established

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336-599: The United Kingdom of the Netherlands was created at the Congress of Vienna . The three old provinces were restored as North Brabant , Antwerp and South Brabant . The latter two became part of modern Belgium when it was created in 1830, South Brabant becoming simply Brabant province. Brabant had fortified walled cities and unwalled cities. The unwalled cities did not have the right to construct walls. Trade

364-545: The Austrian Netherlands for Leopold II who had succeeded his brother. The area was overrun during the French Revolution in 1794, and formally annexed by France in 1795. The duchy of Brabant was dissolved and the territory was reorganised in the départements of Deux-Nèthes (present province of Antwerp ) and Dyle (the later province of Brabant ). After the defeat of Bonaparte in 1815,

392-476: The Duchy of Brabant and created the hereditary title of duke of Brabant in favour of Henry I of Brabant , son of Count Godfrey III of Leuven . Although the original county was still quite small - and limited to the territory between the Dender and Zenne rivers, situated to the west of Brussels - from the 13th century onwards its name came to apply to the entire territory under control of the dukes. In 1190, after

420-453: The Duke of Brabant, who after his marriage presents the new duchess of Brabant to the public. The most recent Joyous Entries were organised in honour of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde in 2013. Duchy of Brabant The Duchy of Brabant , a state of the Holy Roman Empire , was established in 1183. It developed from the Landgraviate of Brabant of 1085–1183, and formed the heart of

448-552: The capital city. The subsequent history of Brabant is part of the history of the Habsburg Seventeen Provinces . The Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) brought the northern parts (essentially the present Dutch province of North Brabant ) under military control of the northern insurgents. After the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the United Provinces' independence was confirmed and northern Brabant

476-518: The death of Godfrey III, Henry I also became Duke of Lower Lotharingia. By that time the title had lost most of its territorial authority. According to protocol, all his successors were thereafter called Dukes of Brabant and Lower Lotharingia (often called Duke of Lothier ). After the Battle of Worringen in 1288, the dukes of Brabant also acquired the Duchy of Limburg and the lands of Overmaas (trans- Meuse ). In 1354 Duke John III of Brabant granted

504-666: The early Middle Ages , the town was probably ruled by an old German family Thienen . During the 1635 to 1659 Franco-Spanish War , Tienen was part of the Spanish Netherlands and was captured by a combined Franco-Dutch army in May 1635. Its capture resulted in one of the most serious atrocities of the Dutch Revolt; the town was sacked, over 200 civilians killed and many buildings damaged, including Catholic churches and monasteries. This ended Dutch prospects of winning over

532-730: The historic Low Countries . The Duchy comprised part of the Burgundian Netherlands from 1430 and of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, until it was partitioned after the Dutch revolt of 1566–1648. The 1648 Peace of Westphalia ceded present-day North Brabant ( Dutch : Noord-Brabant ) to the Generality Lands of the Dutch Republic , while the reduced duchy remained part of the Habsburg Netherlands until French Revolutionary forces conquered it in 1794 —

560-584: The late Middle Ages on. The leading artists available designed temporary decorated constructions such as triumphal arches , groups of musicians and actors performed on stands at which the procession halted, the houses on the processional route decorated themselves with hangings, flowers were thrown, and fountains flowed with wine. The custom began in the Middle Ages and continued until the French Revolution , although less often in Protestant counties after

588-694: The predominantly Catholic population of the Southern Netherlands. After the 1714 Treaty of Utrecht , the town was incorporated into the Austrian Netherlands ; in the French Revolutionary Wars , it was used as a base by French Republican General Charles François Dumouriez during the Battle of Neerwinden . On 16 March 1793, the French repulsed an Austrian army commanded by Prince Josias of Coburg . This

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616-579: The same area. They were incorporated into the Roman province of Belgica , and considered to have both Celtic and Germanic cultural links. At the end of the Roman period the region was conquered by the Germanic Franks . In 959 the East Frankish king Otto I of Germany elevated Count Godfrey of Jülich to the rank of duke of Lower Lorraine . In 962 the duchy became an integral part of

644-411: The town. It is the site of facilities owned by Citrique Belge , that produces citric acid , and Havells Sylvania , a manufacturer of energy saving lamps. Tienen is the location of a summer rock festival known as 'Suikerrock'. The Sint-Germanus (St. Germain) Church dates from the 12th century and has an altarpiece by the 19th-century painter Gustaaf Wappers . Its belfry has earned that complex

672-420: The towns of Bost, Goetsenhoven, Hakendover, Kumtich, Oorbeek, Oplinter, Sint-Margriete-Houtem and Vissenaken. On 1 January 2017, Tienen had a total population of 34,365. The total area is 71.77 km (27.71 sq mi), which gives a population density of 444 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,150/sq mi). Tienen was once a Roman settlement and trade center with roads to other important places. In

700-450: Was allowed in the walled areas and usually this right resulted in a larger population and the development of major villages and later cities. The unwalled cities also had the right to hold markets, which they held on large market squares. This distinguishes them from surrounding villages that were not allowed to hold markets and did not possess market squares. Being unwalled also meant that some of these places suffered heavily in war and during

728-817: Was formally ceded to the United Provinces as Staats-Brabant , a federally governed territory and part of the Dutch Republic . The southern part remained in Spanish Habsburg hands as a part of the Southern Netherlands . It was transferred to the Austrian branch of the Habsburg monarchy in 1714. Brabant was included in the unrecognised United States of Belgium , which existed from January to December 1790 during short-lived revolt against Emperor Joseph II , until imperial troops regained

756-493: Was founded, Tienen was the fourth capital. Its territory consisted essentially of the three modern-day Belgian provinces of Flemish Brabant , Walloon Brabant and Antwerp ; the Brussels-Capital Region ; and most of the present-day Dutch province of North Brabant . The modern flag of Belgium takes its colors from Brabant's coat of arms : Sable a lion or armed and langued gules (a gold lion on

784-575: Was the last victory for the veteran Dumouriez, hero of Valmy and Jemappes ; within a week, his army suffered such catastrophic defeats that he defected to the French Royalists . Tienen is the centre of sugar production in Belgium; a huge sugar beet processing factory, the Sugar refinery of Tienen ( Tiense Suikerraffinaderij - Raffinerie Tirlemontoise ), is located at the eastern edge of

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