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41-511: John Marston may refer to: John Marston (playwright) (1576–1634), English playwright, poet John Westland Marston (1819–1890), English dramatist John Marston (businessman) (1836–1918), English John Marston (USMC) (1884–1957), United States Marine Corps officer John Marston (cricketer) (1893–1938), Argentine-born English cricketer Jack Marston or John Marston (1948–2013), English rugby league footballer John Marston ( Red Dead ) ,

82-523: A false poet, a vain, careless writer who plagiarised the works of others and whose own works were marked by bizarre diction and ugly neologisms. For his part, Marston may have satirized Jonson as the complacent, arrogant critic Brabant Senior in Jack Drum's Entertainment and as the envious, misanthropic playwright and satirist Lampatho Doria in What You Will . The Return from Parnassus (II) ,

123-492: A foray into the then-fashionable genres of erotic epyllion and satire . In 1598, he published The Metamorphosis of Pigmalion's Image and Certaine Satyres , a book of poetry in imitation of, on the one hand, Ovid , and, on the other, the Satires of Juvenal . He also published another book of satires, The Scourge of Villanie , in 1598. (Marston issued these satires under the pseudonym "W. Kinsayder.") The satire in these books

164-429: A place among the great accomplishments of the period, they remained aware of his inconsistency, what Swinburne in a later generation called his "uneven and irregular demesne". In the twentieth century, however, a few critics were willing to consider Marston as a writer who was very much in control of the world he creates. T. S. Eliot saw that this "irregular demesne" was a part of Marston's world and declared that "It

205-562: A prefatory poem for Jonson's Sejanus in 1605 and dedicated The Malcontent to Jonson. Yet in 1607 , he criticized Jonson for being too pedantic to make allowances for his audience or the needs of aesthetics. Outside of these tensions, Marston's career continued to prosper. In 1603, he became a shareholder in the Children of Blackfriars company, at that time known for steadily pushing the allowable limits of personal satire, violence, and lewdness on stage. He wrote and produced two plays with

246-567: A protagonist in the Red Dead Redemption series [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Marston&oldid=1223440176 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

287-640: A satire of popular taste and the vain imaginings of wealth to be found in Virginia . Chapman and Jonson were arrested for, according to Jonson, a few clauses that offended the Scots, but Marston escaped any imprisonment. The actual cause of arrest and details of the brief detainment are not certainly known; in the event, charges were dropped. In 1606, Marston seems to have offended and then soothed King James. First, in Parasitaster, or, The Fawn, he satirized

328-405: A satirical play performed at St. John's College, Cambridge in 1601 and 1602, characterised Marston as a poet whose writings see him "pissing against the world". If Jonson can be trusted, the animosity between himself and Marston went beyond the literary. He claimed to have beaten Marston and taken his pistol. However, the two playwrights were reconciled soon after the so-called War; Marston wrote

369-592: A world where virtue and honour only arouse "dangerous envy" ( Sophonisba ; Act 1, scene 1, line 45) in those around them, actually bring to life "a pattern behind the pattern into which the characters deliberately involve themselves: the kind of pattern which we perceive in our own lives only at rare moments of inattention and detachment". Plays and production dates Books Satyr play The satyric drama may be traced back to Pratinas of Phlius , c.  500 BC . After settling in Athens, he probably adapted

410-429: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages John Marston (playwright) John Marston (baptised 7 October 1576 – 25 June 1634) was an English playwright, poet and satirist during the late Elizabethan and early Jacobean periods. His career as a writer lasted only a decade. His work is remembered for its energetic and often obscure style, its contributions to

451-471: Is even more savage and misanthropic than was typical for the decade's satirists. Marston's style is, moreover, in places contorted to the point of unintelligibility: he believed that satire should be rough and obscure, perhaps because he thought (as did many other writers of the time) that the term 'satire' was derived from the Greek ' satyr plays '. Marston seems to have been enraged by Joseph Hall 's claim to be

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492-467: Is supported by P. E. Easterling ’s argument that by the 5th century the satyr play was considered an integral component of the tragike didaskalia . Brockett also suggests the possibility that the satyr play was the first form of drama from which both tragedy and comedy gradually emerged. A. E. Haigh however maintained that the satyr play is a survival from “the primitive period of Bacchic worship”. Haigh lists several examples of recorded entries to

533-491: Is … by giving us the sense of something behind, more real than any of the personages and their action, that Marston establishes himself among the writers of genius". Marston's tragic style is Senecan and although his characters may appear, on Eliot's own admission, "lifeless", they are instead used as types to convey their "theoretical implications". Eliot in particular admired Sophonisba and saw how Marston's plays, with their apparently stylised characters and bitter portrayal of

574-503: The Odyssey . Aeschylus was noted for his satyr plays, the largest fragment of which to have survived being his Dictyulci ('The Net Fishers') in which the baby Perseus is washed up on the shore with his mother Danae and is found by Silenus and the satyrs. There are large fragments of a satyr play of Sophocles called Ichneutae ('The Trackers') in which the satyrs are employed by Apollo to track down his stolen cattle and discover

615-582: The Bishop of London Richard Bancroft banned the Scourge and had it publicly burned, along with copies of works by other satirists, on 4 June 1599. In September 1599, John Marston began to work for Philip Henslowe as a playwright. Following the work of O. J. Campbell, it has commonly been thought that Marston turned to the theatre in response to the Bishops' Ban of 1599 ; more recent scholars have noted that

656-691: The Restoration . The subplot of the latter was converted to a droll during the Commonwealth ; after the Stuart Restoration, either Aphra Behn or Thomas Betterton updated the main plot for The Revenge, or The Match in Newgate , although this adaptation makes the play both more sentimental and less morally complex. Gerard Langbaine makes a laudatory but superficial comment about Marston in his survey of English dramatic poets. After

697-459: The dithyramb , customary in his native home, with its chorus of satyrs, to complement the form of tragedy which had been recently invented in Athens. It met with approval and was further developed by his son Aristeas , by Choerilus , by Aeschylus , and others. The origins of performance culture and the emergence of the satyr play can be traced to ancient rural celebrations in honour of the god Dionysus . Rush Rehm argues that these inaugurated

738-462: The "agricultural cycle of planting and harvesting" closely associated with Dionysus, who represented the embodiment of "a fundamental paradox inherent to the world, life-giving but potentially destructive." The role of the satyr play within the Festival of Dionysus is often noted to be not as important as the tragedies presented at the festival; however, it is crucial not to downplay its importance in

779-580: The Children of Paul's or the students of the Middle Temple in around 1599 , it appears to have sparked the War of the Theatres , the literary feud between Marston, Jonson and Dekker that took place between around 1599 and 1602. In c. 1600, Marston wrote Jack Drum's Entertainment and Antonio and Mellida , and in 1601 he wrote Antonio's Revenge , a sequel to the latter play; all three were performed by

820-548: The City Dionysia: thus, in 472 BC Aeschylus won the first prize with Phineaus , Persae , Glaucus and the satyr play Prometheus . Among Euripides’ entries, Haigh underlines Theristae (431 BC), Sisyphus (415 BC) and Alcestis which Euripides was allowed to present as a replacement of the traditional satyr play. Much of the evidence and information found regarding satyr plays and their history has been located through vase paintings. The mythological origins of

861-548: The Restoration, Marston's works were largely reduced to the status of a curiosity of literary history. The general resemblance of Antonio's Revenge to Hamlet and Marston's role in the war of the poets ensured that his plays would receive some scholarly attention, but they were not performed and were not even widely read. Thomas Warton preferred Marston's satires to Bishop Hall's; in the next century, however, Henry Hallam reversed this judgment. William Gifford , perhaps

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902-490: The baby Hermes. Smaller fragments of other satyr plays exist, and the genre continued to be written and performed as late as the 2nd century AD, though most have wholly vanished. Even a fragment of music survives from a satyr play. The chorus members wore masks in accordance with Bacchic tradition. The earliest reliable testimony is supplied by the Pandora Vase dating from the middle of the 5th century BC. On that vase,

943-521: The ban was not enforced with great rigor and might not have intimidated prospective satirists at all. At any rate, Marston proved a good match for the stage—not the public stage of Henslowe, but the "private" playhouses where boy players performed racy dramas for an audience of city gallants and young members of the Inns of Court . Traditionally, though without strong external attribution, Histriomastix has been regarded as his first play; performed by either

984-792: The company at Paul's. In 1601, he contributed poems to Robert Chester 's Love's Martyr. For Henslowe, he may have collaborated with Dekker, Day, and Haughton on Lust's Dominion . By 1601, he was well known in London literary circles, particularly in his role as enemy to the equally pugnacious Ben Jonson . Jonson, who reported to Drummond that Marston had accused him of sexual profligacy, satirized Marston as Clove in Every Man Out of His Humour , as Crispinus in Poetaster , and as Hedon in Cynthia's Revels . Jonson criticised Marston for being

1025-569: The company of Blackfriars. His departure from the literary scene may have been because of another play, now lost, which offended the king. It seems that the French ambassador complained to King James about the disrespectful treatment of the French court in plays by Chapman performed at Blackfriars. To strengthen his case he added that another play had been performed in which James himself was depicted drunk. Incensed, James suspended performances at Blackfriars and had Marston imprisoned. This suggests that he

1066-677: The company. The first was The Malcontent in 1603; this satiric tragicomedy is Marston's most famous play. This work was originally written for the children at Blackfriars, and was later taken over (perhaps stolen) by the Kings' Men at the Globe, with additions by John Webster and (perhaps) Marston himself. Marston's second play for the Blackfriars children was The Dutch Courtesan , a satire on lust and hypocrisy, in 1604–5. In 1605, he worked with George Chapman and Ben Jonson on Eastward Ho ,

1107-582: The development of a distinctively Jacobean style in poetry, and its idiosyncratic vocabulary. Marston was born to John and Maria Marston née Guarsi, and baptised 7 October 1576, at Wardington , Oxfordshire . His father was an eminent lawyer of the Middle Temple who first argued in London and then became the counsel to Coventry and ultimately its steward. John Marston entered Brasenose College, Oxford , in 1592 and received his BA in 1594. By 1595, he

1148-514: The different performances. Middle Comedy took on many of the factors of satyr plays but adapted the performances to be what was desired by the public at that time. These plays have been said to be performed well into the Hellenistic and Roman eras. The only satyr play to survive in its entirety is Euripides ' Cyclops , based on Odysseus ' encounter with the cyclops Polyphemus , in Book 9 of

1189-457: The eighteenth century's most devoted reader of Jonson, called Marston "the most scurrilous, filthy and obscene writer of his time". The Romantic movement in English literature resuscitated Marston's reputation, albeit unevenly. In his lectures, William Hazlitt praised Marston's genius for satire; however, if the romantic critics and their successors were willing to grant Marston's best work

1230-410: The first satirist in English; Hall comes in for some indirect flyting in at least one of the satires. Some see William Shakespeare 's Thersites and Iago , as well as the mad speeches of King Lear as influenced by The Scourge of Villanie . Marston had, however, arrived on the literary scene as the fad for verse satire was to be checked by censors. The Archbishop of Canterbury John Whitgift and

1271-569: The history of the dramatic arts. The dramatic festivities at the City Dionysia in Athens , similarly dedicated to Dionysus , required each competing tragedian to submit three tragedies and a satyr play, which functioned as the last piece performed at the festival. The accurate emergence of the satyr play is debatable; however, Brockett argues that most evidence “credits Pratinas with having invented this form sometime before 501 BC”, which

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1312-501: The king specifically. However, in the summer of that year, he put on a production of The Dutch Courtesan for the King of Denmark 's visit, with a Latin verse on King James that was presented by hand to the king. Finally, in 1607, he wrote The Entertainment at Ashby , a masque for the Earl of Huntingdon . At that point, he stopped his dramatic career altogether, selling his shares in

1353-410: The legend " Oblivioni Sacrum " ("Sacred to Oblivion"), which was probably composed by Marston, and, according to Joshua Scodel, the short "epitaph is thus both self-abasing and witty in its novel inversion of tradition". Marston's reputation has varied widely, like that of most of the minor Renaissance dramatists. Both The Malcontent and The Dutch Courtesan remained on stage in altered forms through

1394-448: The origins of performance culture. The Great Dionysia went through a phase of change around the middle of the fourth century. This change brought with it a switch in the ways plays were performed. Plays were no longer performed in a completion/competition type setting. Satyrs were now performed outside of the Festival of Dionysus and were no longer subjected to the judgement among other plays. Satyrs and comedies became more relevant within

1435-422: The satyrs are closely linked to the advent of Dionysus into Hellenic culture. The satyrs and their female counterpart, the maenads , were followers of Dionysus, a “late-comer to Olympus and probably of Asiatic origin”. According to Roger Lancelyn Green, the satyrs probably began as minor nature deities, while their designated leader Silenus originated as a water spirit, a maker of springs and fountains. Silenus

1476-571: The satyrs are portrayed as half men and half goats, wearing goat’s horns on their heads, thus referring to the goat deities of the Doric type. A later representation can be seen on the Pronomos Vase, found in Naples. The goatish element has disappeared and the satyrs resemble the old Ionic Sileni who were horse deities. The performers are wearing horse tails and short pants with attached phallus,

1517-399: The theatre community in the 430s. The newfound prevalence came after Morychides began to forbid fighting-related activities on the stage. Satyr plays did have some influence on other forms of performance as well; of the most noteworthy is Middle Comedy. This time period for comedy brought with it the humbling of gods and heroes; which was done through the domesticizing of these characters within

1558-473: Was already an attendant to Dionysus when the satyrs joined the god’s following, and was subsequently proclaimed their father. The satyrs characterised themselves by amorality, excessive drinking and the breaking down of traditional values and barriers. Eric Csapo and Margaret C. Miller further argue that satyrs have a strong connection with music and dance and consider them to be “archetypal musicians and dancers”, thus linking them to Dionysiac processions and

1599-608: Was assigned the living of Christchurch, Hampshire . He died on 24 June 1634, aged 57, in London and was buried in the Middle Temple Church . Tombs at that time often started with the formulaic " Memoriae Sacrum " ("Sacred to the memory") followed by the name of the tomb's occupant and an account of their achievements even though such words are hubristic and a contradiction to the Christian virtues of modesty. According to Anthony à Wood John Marston's tomb stone bore

1640-476: Was in London, living in the Middle Temple, where he had been admitted a member three years previously. He had an interest in poetry and play writing, although his father's will of 1599 expresses the hope that he would give up such vanities. He married Mary Wilkes in 1605, daughter of the Reverend William Wilkes, one of King James 's chaplains . Marston's brief career in literature began with

1681-518: Was the author of the offending play. After the end of his literary career, he moved into his father-in-law's house and began studying philosophy . In 1609, he became a reader at the Bodleian Library at Oxford , was made a deacon on 24 September and a priest on 24 December 1609. Contemporary authors were bemused or surprised by Marston's change of career, with several of them commenting on its seeming abruptness. In October 1616, Marston

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