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41-666: Saris was born to a family in South Yorkshire in 1579 or 1580. His father died in 1588. Saris jointed an English fleet bound for Bantam on 25 March 1604, and arrived in Indonesia on 24 July 1605. He remained there after the leader of the expedition, Henry Middleton , returned to England in October 1605. Saris kept a diary and sent reports back to the East India Company, and in 1608 was promoted to chief factor of

82-521: A Mesolithic "house" (a circle of stones in the shape of a hut-base) dating to around 8000 BC, found at Deepcar , in the northern part of Sheffield. Evidence of even earlier inhabitation in the wider region exists about 3 miles (5 km) over the county boundary at Creswell Crags in Derbyshire , where artefacts and rock art found in caves have been dated by archaeologists to the late Upper Palaeolithic period, at least 12,800 years ago. The region

123-515: A fine mansion near the Thames at Fulham , called Goodriches, which was behind All Saints Church in Fulham. It was pulled down in 1750, and Sir William Fowell 's Alms-houses now stand upon its site. Here he lived quietly until the winter of 1643, when he died on December 11, and was buried on the 19th, a fee of 2 shillings and 6 pennies being paid to the churchwardens "for the burial." His monument,

164-716: A large black stone in the floor to the right of the altar, may still be seen in All Saints Church in Fulham, though it is barely legible and partially hidden by the choir-stalls. It bears the arms of himself and his wife and reads: HERE LYETH INTERRED THE BODY OF CAPTAYN JOHN SARIS OF FVLHAM IN THE COVNTY OF MIDDLESEX ESQ. HE DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE 11 DAY OF DECEM Ao DNI 1643, AGED 63 YEARS. HE HAD TO WIFE ANNE THE DAVGHTER OF WILLIAM MIGGES OF LONDON ESQ. SHE DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE 2ND DAY OF FEBRVARY Ao DNI 1622 AND LIETH BV RYD IN THE PARISHE CHVRCH OF ST BOTOPLH IN THAMES STREET BEING AGED 21 YEARES In his will (a copy of which

205-435: A population of 1,402,918. The largest settlements after Sheffield (556,500) are the city of Doncaster (113,566), Rotherham (109,697), and Barnsley (96,888). The east and west of the county are more rural. The county is governed by four metropolitan boroughs : Barnsley , City of Doncaster , Rotherham , and City of Sheffield . They collaborate through South Yorkshire Mayoral Combined Authority . South Yorkshire lies on

246-447: A rolling landscape with hills, escarpments and broad valleys. In this landscape, there is widespread evidence of both current and former industrial activity. There are numerous mine buildings, former spoil heaps and iron and steel plants. The scenery is a mixture of built up areas, industrial land with some dereliction, and farmed open country. Ribbon developments along transport routes including canal, road and rail are prominent features of

287-605: Is a ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England . It borders North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire to the north, the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north-east, Lincolnshire to the east, Nottinghamshire to the south-east, and Derbyshire to the south and west. The largest settlement is the city of Sheffield . The county is largely urban, with an area of 1,552 km (599 sq mi) and

328-815: Is a variant spelling of the more common Sayers. The English mission in Japan ultimately failed, due in large part to the fact that the English came to Japan to sell their finest domestic product, which was woollen cloth, but it tended to rot en route. English efforts to develop a trade relationship with China at this time failed as well, and so the Hirado factory was abandoned 'temporarily' ten years later, in 1623. Saris's journals were published in 1900, as The Voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 , edited by Ernest M. Satow . South Yorkshire South Yorkshire

369-470: Is in Somerset House), dated 18 April 1643, which was proved 2 October 1646, he left the bulk of his property to the children of his half-brother George, who had died in 1631. To the poor of Fulham parish, however, he left thirty pounds, to be expended in two-penny loaves, which were to be distributed to thirty poor people every Sunday, after sermon, until the amount was exhausted. His unusual surname

410-692: Is the only county that counts as a full region in the Spiritualists' National Union . The Local Government Commission for England presented draft recommendations, in December 1965, proposing a new county—York and North Midlands—roughly centred on the southern part of the West Riding of Yorkshire and northern parts of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire. The review was abolished in favour of the Royal Commission on Local Government before it

451-970: The Clove on 18 April 1611, reaching Table Bay in South Africa on 1 August, the Comoros on 26 October, and Socotra on 16 February 1612. He rendezvoused with Sir Middleton in the Red Sea in April 1612, where their combined fleet spent several weeks engaging in forcible trade with Indian junks. Saris left the Red Sea in August and arrived in Bantam on 24 October 1612. Saris departed Bantam for Japan on 15 January 1613. The Clove arrived in Hirado on 12 June 1613 and

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492-729: The Dearne Valley which covers Barnsley and surrounding area; the Sheffield urban area which covers Sheffield, Rotherham and surrounding area; and the Doncaster urban area which covers Doncaster and surrounding area. The South Yorkshire County Council was abolished and its districts effectively became unitary authorities; they are the City of Sheffield , the City of Doncaster , the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley and

533-525: The East Riding of Yorkshire , Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire . The terrain of the county is mostly distinguished by the Pennines and its foothills which rise in the west of the county and gradually descend into the Humberhead Levels in the east of the county. Geologically, the county lies largely on the carboniferous rocks of the Yorkshire coalfield in the outer Pennine fringes, producing

574-451: The Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham . In 1986, throughout England the metropolitan county councils were abolished. The ceremonial county with a Lord Lieutenant of South Yorkshire and a High Sheriff was retained. The county remains defined as metropolitan , functions of the county council devolved to the boroughs with many functions administered by joint authorities (such a passenger transport executive ) containing representatives of

615-618: The Muscovy Company sought a Northeast Passage in 1580. William Adams landed in Japan in April 1600 as the navigator of the Dutch ship Liefde (Love), had entered the service of the Japanese shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu , and had recently made contact with the English, creating an opportunity to open trading relations. The diaries of Saris suggest that he was unware of Adams' existence until he returned to England. Saris departed England on

656-516: The Dark Peak and Yorkshire coalfield are distinguished by many steep valleys, and a transition from uplands and rural landscape to lowlands and urban landscape towards the east of the county. Major rivers which cross the area are the Dearne , Rother and Don . To the east, in the Doncaster area the landscape becomes flatter as the eastward dipping carboniferous rocks of the coalfield are overlain by

697-520: The English mission. Augustine Spalding took over this role in October 1609, and Saris returned to England on 10 May 1610. During this first voyage to Asia, Saris took an interest in Japanese erotic art and began accumulating a private collection of woodblock prints. Saris's experiences in Indonesia came to the attention of Sir Thomas Smythe , who agreed to have Saris lead a fact-finding voyage to Japan. The English had intentions to reach Japan since

738-615: The Future 2022/23 Awards , Doncaster was ranked the best small city in Europe for investment. Thomas Cambell Sir Thomas Cambell (c. 1536 – 13 February 1614) was an English merchant who was Lord Mayor of London in 1609. Cambell was a city of London merchant and a member of the Worshipful Company of Ironmongers . He was auditor for the city from 1584 to 1586, from 1588 to 1590 and from 1596 to 1598 and member of

779-528: The Hirado operation. The Clove docked at Bantam from 3 January to 13 February 1614, and then sailed directly back to England. He returned to Plymouth in September 1614 and remained at anchor there for more than six weeks, raising suspicions that he was offloading secret cargo. During October, the Company repeatedly debated ordering Saris back to London, but decided on 25 October that "his presence on board

820-480: The Ironmongers Company. In 1609, he was elected Lord Mayor of London , and organised a pageant for Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales on the Thames called London's Love to Prince Henry . He became alderman for Bread Street in 1610 and for Coleman Street in 1611. In 1613 he was Master of the Ironmongers Company again. Cambell married Alice Bugle, daughter of Edward Bugle, merchant of London. He

861-739: The Labour government in February 1970. Although the Redcliffe-Maud Report was rejected by the Conservative government after the 1970 general election , there was a commitment to local government reform, and the idea of a metropolitan county of South Yorkshire. The Local Government Act 1972 reformed local government in England by creating a system of two-tier metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties and districts throughout

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902-656: The area although some remnants of the pre industrial landscape and semi-natural vegetation still survive. The Pennines in the west of the county are mostly inside the Peak District National Park and also contain carboniferous rocks, with the underlying geology primarily being millstone grit sandstones of the Dark Peak rising from the Yorkshire coalfield and the terrain is mostly moorland plateaus and gritstone edges. The inner Pennine fringes between

943-451: The committee of the East India Company from 1599 to 1600. On 14 November 1599 he was elected an alderman of the City of London for Bridge Without ward and elected Sheriff of London for 1602. In 1601 he became a member of the committee of the East India Company again until 1607 and was governor of the East India Company for 1603 and 1604. He was knighted on 26 July 1603. In 1604 he was Master of

984-660: The country. As one of the least prosperous areas in Western Europe, South Yorkshire has been targeted for funding from the European Regional Development Fund . This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of South Yorkshire at current basic prices with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling. However, the county has experienced a recent growth in the services sector. In the FDI European Cities and Regions of

1025-541: The country. The act formally established South Yorkshire on 1 April 1974, although South Yorkshire County Council (SYCC) had been running since elections in 1973 . The leading article in The Times on the day the Local Government Act came into effect noted that the "new arrangement is a compromise which seeks to reconcile familiar geography which commands a certain amount of affection and loyalty, with

1066-587: The county council was abolished, South Yorkshire remains a metropolitan and ceremonial county with a Lord Lieutenant of South Yorkshire and a High Sheriff . South Yorkshire lies within the Sheffield City Region with Barnsley also being within the Leeds City Region , reflecting its geographical position midway between Yorkshire's two largest cities. The metropolitan county borders Derbyshire , West Yorkshire , North Yorkshire ,

1107-568: The county. In 1986, throughout England the metropolitan county councils were abolished. The functions of the county council were devolved to the boroughs; joint-boards covering fire, police and public transport; and to other special joint arrangements. The joint boards continue to function and include the South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive . The South Yorkshire Police and Crime Commissioner also oversees South Yorkshire Police . Although

1148-570: The edge of the Pennines , and the west of the county contains part of the Peak District National Park . The River Don rises in these hills, and flows through Sheffield, Rotherham, and Doncaster before reaching the flat Humberhead Levels in the east of the county. While the county of South Yorkshire was created in 1974, the history of its constituent settlements and parts goes back centuries. Prehistoric remains include

1189-500: The end of this trip, as well as a letter from Ieyasu to James I. He returned to Hirado on 6 November. While at Sunpu, Adams received Ieyasu's permission to leave Japan and made arrangements to return to England with Saris on the Clove, but at some point he decided to remain in Japan, and Saris arranged to hire Adams to work for the Company at Hirado. Saris left Hirado on the Clove on 5 December 1613, leaving Richard Cocks in charge of

1230-549: The four councils. The South Yorkshire Mayoral Combined Authority was established in 2014 to bring the leaders of the four councils to give the county a main statutory body. It is led by the directly elected Mayor of South Yorkshire . In the 2016 referendum on the United Kingdom's membership of the European Union , South Yorkshire voted 62% leave and 38% remain, making it one of the most heavily Leave areas in

1271-724: The lacustrine deposits of the Humberhead Levels. South Yorkshire contains green belt throughout the county, surrounding its four districts to large extents. It was first drawn up from the 1950s. The western edge of the Sheffield and Barnsley districts directly form with the boundary of the Peak District National Park. The table below outlines many of the county's settlements, and is formatted according to their metropolitan borough. Of these settlements above, South Yorkshire has three main urban areas:

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1312-400: The main port for the English to use. However, Saris decided to place the English factory on Hirado, where the Dutch were already trading with some success. Despite its much greater distance from Edo and Osaka, it would save an extra leg of sailing along dangerous coasts. Saris returned to Sunpu from 29 September to 9 October, and received a Red Seal trading license for the East India Company at

1353-467: The offices of the East India Company. This incident publicly disgraced Saris and ended his career. Shortly after leaving the Company in 1615, Saris married Anne, daughter of the wealthy London merchant William Megges, granddaughter (on her mother's side) of Sir Thomas Cambell , Lord Mayor in 1609–10. She died in the 8th year of their marriage without issue, on 21 February 1623, aged 29 probably in childbirth . Saris never remarried. Saris then moved into

1394-634: The scale of operations on which modern planning methods can work effectively". South Yorkshire initially had a two tier structure of local government with a strategic-level county council and four districts providing most services. In 1974, as part of the South Yorkshire Structure Plan of the environment, conservation and land use, South Yorkshire County Council commissioned a public attitudes survey covering job opportunities, educational facilities, leisure opportunities, health and medical services, shopping centres and transport in

1435-418: The shogun himself, two suits of armour (which are extant). On 13 December, after an audit of the ship's cargo, the Company concluded that Saris had engaged in "private trade" on the voyage and appointed a committee to "look into Saris's commission." Shortly thereafter, Thomas Smythe discovered Saris's erotic art collection from Japan. On 10 January 1615, he orchestrated a public burning of the collection outside

1476-507: The steel industry that is concentrated in Sheffield, Stocksbridge and Rotherham. The proximity of the iron and coal also made this an ideal place for steel manufacture. Although Christian nonconformism was never as strong in South Yorkshire as in the mill towns of West Yorkshire, there are still many Methodist and Baptist churches in the area. Also, South Yorkshire has a relatively high number of followers of spiritualism . It

1517-485: Was able to issue a final report. The Royal Commission's 1969 report, known as the Redcliffe-Maud Report, proposed the removal of much of the then existing system of local government. The commission described the system of administering urban and rural districts separately as outdated, noting that urban areas provided employment and services for rural dwellers, and open countryside was used by town dwellers for recreation. Redcliffe-Maud's recommendations were accepted by

1558-415: Was necessary to keep the crew in order, and that it would be a pity to give him so tedious a journey at the end of a long voyage." Saris then travelled to London in mid-November, where he persuaded the East India Company directors to authorize another trading mission to Japan. Saris also brought back Ieyasu's reciprocal gifts for King James, in thanks for the telescope, which were stunning paintings, and from

1599-517: Was on the frontier of the Roman Empire during the Roman period. The main settlements of South Yorkshire grew up around the industries of mining and steel manufacturing. The main mining industry was coal which was concentrated to the north and east of the county. There were also iron deposits which were mined in the area. The rivers running off the Pennines to the west of the county supported

1640-485: Was partly welcomed in Japan because of the astonishing present he had brought. This was a telescope, described as 'silver-gilt' and very large. It was the first telescope ever to leave Europe, and the first to be made as a royal-level gift. It is not extant. They then departed for Edo on 12 September, arriving on 14 September and meeting with Shogun Hidetada on 17 September. On the 21st, Saris and Adams travelled to nearby Uraga , which Adams and Ieyasu had both suggested as

1681-461: Was the first English ship to reach Japan. Adams, who had become the shogun's advisor on foreign affairs, joined Saris on 29 July and helped to make arrangements for meetings with the retired shogun Ieyasu, who still held power, and also his son, the de facto Shōgun Tokugawa Hidetada . They departed Hirado on 7 August, travelled to Osaka and Fushimi by boat, and thence to the home of Ieyasu at Sunpu Castle , where they arrived on 6 September. Saris

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