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40-472: At the time of the construction of this circuit, a lot of sponsors spent a large sum of money that was considered huge for that time. Sponsorships included the companies Astra and PT Indocement , which contributed Rp. 30 million to PT Jaya Ancol Circuit, which at that time was both the manager and the one who built the circuit. Tinton Soeprapto , a racer who has many achievements and is the father of 2 national racers namely Ananda Mikola and Moreno Soeprapto ,

80-433: A motor sport venue is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about an Indonesian sports venue is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Astra International Astra International, Tbk. is an Indonesian conglomerate controlled by Jardine Cycle & Carriage . It was founded in 1957 by Tjia Kian Tie, Liem Pen Hong with the name of PT Astra International Incorporated. It

120-433: A distance of eight miles. It was won by the locomotive of Isaac Watt Boulton , one of six he said he had run over the years, perhaps driven by his 22-year-old son, James W. The race was against Daniel Adamson's carriage, likely the one made for Mr. Schmidt and perhaps driven by Mr. Schmidt himself. The reports do not indicate who was driving, since both were violating the red-flag law then fully in force. Boulton's carriage

160-593: A high-speed test, car handling manoeuvres can be tested such as precision drifting , donuts, handbrake turns, reversing and so on. Other disciplines of automobile sport include: The international motorcycle sport governing body recognised by the International Olympic Committee is the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM). Disciplines include: The international powerboating governing body recognised by

200-591: A hill, at private and closed roadways where higher speeds and distances can be reached than at an autotesting course for example. Time attack are terms used by series that run sprints at racing circuits where competitors try to set the quickest lap time rather than racing head-to-head with others. Time trials are run by the Sports Car Club of America , amongst others. Rallysprints are mainly sanctioned and held in continental Europe. Ultimately, they are similar to other time trial sprints but originate from

240-452: A race is between competitors running head-to-head, in its International Sporting Code, the FIA defines racing as two or more cars competing on the same course simultaneously. Circuit racing takes place on sealed-surface courses at permanent autodromes or on temporary street circuits . Competitors race over a set number of laps of the circuit with the winner being the first to finish, or for

280-464: A sealed surface such as asphalt or concrete. Notable off-road races on open terrain include the Baja 1000 desert race, organised by SCORE International . The FIA authorise Extreme E , an electric off-road series whose organisers have announced a hydrogen fuel series, Extreme H, to begin in 2025. Examples of off-road racing disciplines and series include: Drag racing is an acceleration contest from

320-493: A set length of time with the winner having completed the highest number of laps, with others classified subsequently. Circuit racing replaced point-to-point (city-to-city) racing early in the history of motorsport, for both spectator appeal and as safety concerns brought in regulation of the sport, forcing organisers to use closed, marshalled and policed circuits on closed public roads. Aspendale Racecourse in Australia in 1906

360-399: A standing start along a short and straight course. Vehicles of various types can compete, usually between two vehicles. Winners can be the first to finish of competing pairs or by setting the fastest time, and competitions may have heats and/or series of runs. Kart racing is a form of circuit racing using very small and low vehicles not considered as automobiles known as go-karts. It is one of

400-584: Is 40 km (25 mi) to the south from Jakarta. The remains of the circuit are now used as an access road for the Jaya Ancol theme park , while the southern loop is now occupied by a highway interchange. The new Jakarta International e-Prix Circuit is located right adjacent to the former site of the north loop. Winners of the Ancol Formula Atlantic Indonesian Grand Prix ;: This article about

440-773: Is Southeast Asia's largest independent automotive group. Operating predominantly in Indonesia, it is a provider of a full range of automobile and motorcycle products in partnerships with companies which include Toyota, Daihatsu, Isuzu, UD Trucks and BMW for automobiles, and Honda for motorcycles. Astra also has a strong presence in the automotive component sector through its subsidiary PT Astra Otoparts Tbk. In addition, Astra has interests in financial services; heavy equipment and mining; agribusiness; infrastructure and logistics; and information technology. In financial services, Astra's businesses provide financial products and services to support its automotive and heavy equipment sales. The group

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480-453: Is a form of motorsport where drivers intentionally lose rolling traction in corners through oversteering but maintain momentum with effective throttle control, clutch use and corrective steering. In competition a panel of judges award marks on artistry and car control through the corner or series of corners. Competitions often feature pairs of cars driving together where a lead car and a chase car go head-to-head, with only one car going through to

520-498: Is called a series, and a grouping of competitions often forms the basis of a championship , cup or trophy . Not all nations have a sporting authority affiliated with the FIA, some disciplines may not fall within the FIA's remit of control, or organisations may choose to ignore the claim of the authority of others. Examples include banger racing and stock car racing in the United Kingdom which are claimed by both

560-579: Is only 7 to 10.5 m (23 to 34 ft) with a track length of 3.590 km (2.231 mi). Then in 1970, Jaya Antjol Race II was held in October. In this event, the length of the circuit was changed to 3.950 km (2.454 mi) meters and the number of corners was increased to 12 corners. In 1971, the Ancol circuit was completely renovated at a cost of around 400 million rupiah (nominal value). The funds were used for hotmix asphalting and construction of

600-694: The United States , dirt track racing became popular. After World War II , the Grand Prix circuit became more formally organised. In the United States, stock car racing and drag racing became firmly established. The Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), formed in 1904, is the oldest and most prominent international governing body. It claims to be the sole international motor sporting authority for automobiles and other land vehicles with four or more wheels, whilst acknowledging

640-427: The '70s, the circuit consisted of simple asphalt roads in the middle of a meadow. The lack of construction around the circuit allowed for the racers' paddock to be underneath a tree. After undergoing renovations in 1971, the circuit adapted an L shape similair to the currently existing Salzburgring and Lakeside Circuit . The length of the track was 4.470 km (2.778 mi) with a straight line that passed through

680-631: The ASNs must be obtained to organise events using their rules, and their licenses must be held by participants. Not all ASNs function in the same manner, some are private companies such as Motorsport UK, some are supported by the state such as France's FFSA, or in the case of the US's ACCUS, a council of sanctioning bodies is the national representative at FIA meetings. ASNs, their affiliated clubs or independent commercial promotors organise motorsport events which often include competitions . A collective of events

720-576: The Duta Toradja restaurant along 1.070 km (0.665 mi). The width of the road was also increased to 9 and 12 m (30 and 39 ft) and from the previously planned minimum of 10 m (33 ft) and a maximum of 18 m (59 ft) after considering security aspects. Many international scale events that were presented at this circuit, such as the Ancol Grand Prix, Ancol 7-hour endurance. PT. Astra, with Tom's Japan, developed

760-639: The Oshkosh and the Green Bay (the machines were referred to by their town of origin). This is examined and illustrated in detail in The Great Race of 1878 by Richard Backus, Farm Collector, May/June 2004. In 1894, the French newspaper Le Petit Journal organised a contest for horseless carriages featuring a run from Paris to Rouen. This is widely accepted as the world's first motorsport event, and

800-690: The Oval Racing Council and the National Stock car Association, despite the claim by the FIA affiliated ASN, Motorsport UK , to be the "governing body of all four-wheel motorsport in the UK". SCORE International , National Auto Sport Association and National Off-Road Racing Association of the United States are also not members of the FIA affiliation system but may work with members for international matters. Although English dictionaries do not unanimously agree and singularly define that

840-652: The Toyota Starlet KP47 and Toyota Corolla KE30 specifically for this circuit specification. In 1976, the first Indonesian Grand Prix was held at the Ancol circuit. The Jaya Ancol Circuit was originally managed by BPP Ancol, and was once held by Herman Sarens Soediro , while Tinton Soeprapto assumed its management in 1983. Governor Soeprapto sent an order to the Chairman of the Indonesian Motor Association (IMI), which at that time

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880-412: The authority of the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) over vehicles with one to three wheels, which FIM calls motorcycle sport. FIM and FIA are both recognised as international sports federations by the International Olympic Committee . Within the FIA's structure, each affiliated National Sporting Authority ( ASN ) is recognised as the sole authority in their nation. Permission of

920-519: The cars and courses used in special stage rallying with the elements of navigation and itinerary removed, and not necessarily requiring a co-driver to call pacenotes . Rallying involves driving to a set itinerary, following a prescribed route and arriving and departing at control points at set times with penalties applied for diverging from the route or arriving late and early. Rallies nearly always involve routes on open roads, closed special stages are used on some rallies where competitors drive against

960-516: The character of a particular competition, series or championship. Groups of these are often categorised informally, such as by vehicle type, surface type or propulsion method. Examples of categories within a discipline are formula racing , touring car racing , sports car racing , etc. The first prearranged match race of two self-powered road vehicles over a prescribed route occurred in the north west of England at 4:30 A.M. on August 30, 1867, between Ashton-under-Lyne and Old Trafford, Manchester ,

1000-699: The clock, the winner having the shortest, lowest average or total time. Hillclimbing events often include classes of competition for various categories and ages of vehicle and so may be incorporated into car shows or festivals of motoring such as the Goodwood Festival of Speed . Hill climb courses can be short at less than 1 mile, or several miles long such as the 12.42 mile Pikes Peak course in Colorado , USA. Sprints are governed by national FIA member ASNs in United Kingdom, Ireland and Australia, amongst other places. They are held on courses that do not climb

1040-519: The clock. The classification of these rallies are determined by summing the times set with the fastest crews being victorious, as found in the World Rally Championship . This method is often called rally racing or stage rallying informally, whilst rallies that do not include special stages are distinctly regularity rallies . Rallies that include routes that cover terrain off-road are also known as rally raid or cross-country rallies,

1080-439: The general form of time trials and sprints. Hillclimbing is the most widely known form of time-trial due to its status as the only time trial or sprint form to have international FIA championships and endorsement. Its origins begin near the start of motorsport, particularly with the trials held that tested the capabilities of early automobiles to tackle uphill gradients. Contestants complete an uphill course individually and against

1120-447: The general rule of participants completing a course individually with the intention of setting the shortest time or highest average speed. This form of motorsport can be recreational or when competitive, rules may vary slightly such as whether to include the total time of several runs, the best time set, or the average pace of multiple courses to classify competitors. Qualifying sessions for circuit races and special stages in rallying take

1160-582: The most famous example being the Dakar Rally . In the United States, the National Off-Road Racing Association (NORRA) was founded in 1967 along with the Baja 1000 . Since the 1990s, this race has been organised by SCORE International whilst NORRA's events have closer followed the FIA regulations and standards for cross country rallies, although the association has no affiliation to ACCUS , the US's FIA member. Drifting

1200-494: The next heat or winning the competition. Autocross has multiple general meanings based on country of use. Also known as Autocross in US and Canada and Autoslalom in Continental Europe, these similar disciplines are held in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. They involve precise car control, usually but not always against the clock on very short and compact temporary courses. Rather than being

1240-416: The paddock, pit and tower. The Ancol circuit paddock consisted of 3 rooms, each measuring 150 m x 12 m, 75 m x 12 m and 51 m x 5 m. This paddock could accommodate about 100 cars or 150 racing motorbikes including the equipment. The pit could accommodate 30 racing cars or 50 racing motorbikes, with enough room for 2 pit crews for each racer. In addition, there was also a control tower consisting of 3 floors where

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1280-527: The sports regulated by FIA (under the name of CIK), permitting licensed competition racing for anyone from the age of 8 onward. It is generally accepted as the most economical form of motorsport available on four wheels. As a free-time activity, it can be performed by almost anybody, and as karting circuits can be indoors and not take as much space as other forms of motorsport, it can be accessible to retail consumers without much qualification or training. Non-racing speed competitions have various names but all carry

1320-530: The top floor was used for the score board and TV as well as where journalists and police were stationed. The first floor of this tower building was used as a race control room, doctors, and flags. The second floor of the building itself was used as a time checking room and the office of the competition committee. The layout of the circuit, similair to an urban circuit, had a dominant straight line combined with broken corners. Due to developmental delays in Jakarta in

1360-595: The use of automobiles , motorcycles , motorboats and powered aircraft . For each of these vehicle types, the more specific terms automobile sport , motorcycle sport , power boating and air sports may be used commonly, or officially by organisers and governing bodies. Different manifestations of motorsport with their own objectives and specific rules are called disciplines. Examples include circuit racing , rallying and trials . Governing bodies, also called sanctioning bodies, often have general rules for each discipline, but allow supplementary rules to define

1400-490: Was also involved in retail banking through a stake in PT Bank Permata Tbk until the late 2010s. In 2019, Astra invested US$ 150 million in application-based, on-demand service Gojek . This Indonesia -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Motor sport Motorsport(s) or motor sport(s) are sporting events, competitions and related activities that primarily involve

1440-512: Was appointed as the mascot of racers by Ali Sadikin who was then governor of DKI. This was intended to attract more foreign racers to compete at the Ancol circuit, North Jakarta. This circuit underwent several renovations in the process of construction. In October 1969, the Jaya Antjol Race I event was held where at that time the condition of the circuit was just an ordinary residential road with broken bends. The width of this circuit

1480-661: Was developed from a scrapped John Bridge Adams light-rail vehicle. These were solid fired steam carriages. This event and the details of the vehicles are recorded in the contemporary press, The Engineer , and in Fletcher's books. The Wisconsin legislature passed an act in 1875 offering a substantial purse for the first US motor race, which was run on July 16, 1878, over a 200-mile course from Green Bay to Appleton, Oshkosh, Waupon, Watertown, Fort Atkinson and Janesville, then turning north and ending in Madison. Only two actually competed:

1520-543: Was held by Hutomo Mandala Putra . The area of the Ancol circuit which was originally 40 ha (99 acres) gradually became smaller, leaving a land area of about 12 ha (30 acres). In addition to noise and pollution complaints from the residents of the adjacent elite housings, many facilities in the arena itself were damaged. The Jaya Ancol Circuit was closed in 1992, replaced by the Sentul Circuit in Bogor , which

1560-483: Was the first purpose-built motor racing track in the world. After which, permanent autodromes popularly replaced circuits on public roads. In North America, the term road racing is used to describe racing and courses that have origins in racing on public highways; distinguished from oval racing , which has origins at purpose-built speedways using concrete or wooden boards . Off-road racing can take place on open terrain with no set path, or on circuits that do not have

1600-645: Was the first to involve what would become known as automobiles. On 28 November 1895, the Chicago Times-Herald race , running from Chicago to Evanston and back, a distance of sixty miles, was held. This is believed to be the first motorsport event in the United States of America. In 1900, the Gordon Bennett Cup was established. Motorsport was a demonstration event at the 1900 Summer Olympics . Following World War I , European countries organised Grand Prix races over closed courses. In

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