The Yapurarra or Jaburara , also rendered Yaburara , are an Aboriginal Australian people whose traditional lands are in the Pilbara region of Western Australia and the Dampier Archipelago .
17-594: The Jaburara language (Yaburarra) is thought to have been similar to Ngarluma , part of the Ngayarda languages . The Jaburara owned some 520 square kilometres (200 sq mi) of territory from around Dampier , Burrup , Nichol Bay and the peninsula northwards to the Dolphin and Legendre islands. During one of Phillip Parker King 's voyages on HMS Mermaid to survey the Australian coast, an attempt
34-453: A binary tribal moiety could be shown to each involve a set of up to 20 features that could be distributed as traits over all human and non-human members of each of the two groups. One of his most startling ideas was his claim that he had isolated and identified some sixty Portuguese language loanwords in several indigenous languages of Australia's far north. Australian linguists have generally dismissed these conclusions, except perhaps for
51-576: A native tracker had been killed. The suspects, three Jaburara men, were duly caught and sentenced to imprisonment. Two parties, made up of north coast pearlers and settler pastoralists , had been given permission by the district authority to apply lethal force "with discretion and judgement", and they attacked Jaburara encampments in a pincer movement. In what is now known as the Flying Foam massacre it has been estimated that up to 60 Jaburara were killed. In one camp alone, some 15 were killed. Following
68-480: Is controversial for two reasons: it includes areas also regarded as traditional country by many Martuthunira people and; for legal reasons, it does not include areas that many Ngarluma people consider to fall into their traditional country. Carl Georg von Brandenstein Carl-Georg Christoph Freiherr von Brandenstein (10 October 1909 – 8 January 2005) was a German linguist who took up
85-697: The Hamersley Range . The official Ngarluma Native Title Determination Area (including the Jaburara lands) covers the area southward from Point Samson , Cossack , Wickham , Roebourne , to the northern boundary of Millstream-Chichester National Park and; from the east side of the mouth of the Maitland River to the west side of the Peawah River near Whim Creek , including the towns of Dampier and Karratha . However, this boundary
102-579: The La Grange massacre , this episode constitutes the second known example of the use of massacre to forcibly remove an indigenous north western population. One small "family" was recorded in the first half of the 20th century as still surviving but the massacre effectively cut off the tribe's connections to the islands. The Jaburara heritage is attested by rock quarries, extensive archaic petroglyphs , grindstones used by native women to make flour from native seeds, nomadic camps, and middens to be found along
119-581: The Ngarluma and Kariyarra peoples . As such they may be regarded as a single, pluricentric language . Under Carl Georg von Brandenstein 's 1967 classification scheme, Ngarluma was classed as a "Coastal Ngayarda" (or Ngaryarta) language, but the separation of the group into "Coastal" and "Inland" groups is no longer considered valid. Apart from the division between Ngarluma and Kariyarra, there are either three or four sub-dialects within Ngarluma. However,
136-419: The Ngarluma and Mardu-Dunera , fought against the colonization of their lands by white settlers . According to an American whaler at the time, the law that accompanied settlement in their region could be summed up as "a word and a blow: the blow, which is generally fatal, coming first". In 1868, near the present-day township of Roebourne , in an area known in the local language as Murujuga , two policemen and
153-460: The Pilbara area of Western Australia , and then gathered recordings and made analyses of southern tribal languages such as Ngadjumaya and Noongar . His major contribution consisted in challenging the use of the term and concept of totem adopted throughout anthropology from an original Ojibwa word, and widely used in kinship analysis. For Brandenstein, an etymological approach indicated that
170-743: The Canaris spy network dispatched him on an intelligence mission to Persia, where he was picked up by the British. He spent the next four years of the war as a prisoner of war in Australia, in Loveday in South Australia and at Tatura in Victoria . Brandenstein's field work lasted some three decades, beginning in the 1960s. He initially concentrated on the languages of Aboriginal groups in
187-576: The Jaburara Heritage Trail, which winds through an area containing some of the most extensive remains of ancient Aboriginal rock art , some dating back 25,000 years. Jaburara language Ngarluma and Kariyarra are members of a dialect continuum , which is a part of the Ngayarda language group of Western Australia , in the Pama–Nyungan language family . Some sources suggest that an extinct dialect , Jaburara ,
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#1732800965188204-495: The inclusion of Jaburara – which parallels a belief amongst Ngarluma people that the Jaburara people and their traditional land were a sub-group of the Ngarluma people and lands – is controversial. There are two reasons for this: the Jaburara dialect is sometimes considered a dialect in its own right, or a dialect of Martuthunira. There is evidence for the latter theory in the word jaburara , which means "northerners" in
221-615: The languages of the region: the traditional lands of the Jaburara, on and around the Burrup Peninsula , are generally to the north of the Martuthunira lands (whereas the Jaburara are mostly west of the Ngarluma lands). A pidginized form of Ngarluma was once used as a contact language in the area. Kariyarra people, prior to European settlement occupied an area from the Yule River east to Port Hedland and south to
238-455: The majority of 'totemic' terms could be traced back to the vocabulary for human and animal bodies, and temperamental qualities. In short, identity was not reducible to belonging to one or another segmentary division of a tribe, but involved far more concrete traits. Throughout the Australian totemic system he believed he could isolate a logic, which in its fullest form, evinced 8 combinations of three paired terms of primary properties. Two totems in
255-640: The study of Australian Aboriginal languages . Born in 1909 in Hannover to Carl von Brandenstein [ de ] , Carl-Georg finished high school in Weimar, and studied oriental languages and the history of religion at Berlin University (1928–1934), and Leipzig (1938–1939). His doctoral thesis was a dissertation on the iconography of Hittite gods. He did war service in France and Russia. In 1941
272-494: Was a third member of the continuum. However, it is clear that Jaburara had a distinct identity that has been partly obscured by a collapse in the numbers of Jaburara speakers during the late 19th century, and there is some evidence that Jaburara may have instead been a dialect of Martuthunira (see below). While Ngarluma and Kariyarra, as parts of a continuum, are mutually intelligible , they are considered distinct languages by their speakers, reflecting an ethnic division between
289-572: Was made to communicate in February 1817 with members of the tribe, three of whom had been sighted off-shore floating on a log in the vicinity of present-day Karratha . The intermediary used was the ship's interpreter Bungaree , who, speaking the Broken Bay Dharug language could not understand them, but managed to calm their anxieties by undressing and showing he wore ritual scars . The Jaburara, together with other local tribes such as
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