Jalozai ( Pashto : جلوزی ), also Jallozai , Jailozai, and Jelazee , is a village located in Nowshera District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Jalozai is famous for an Afghan refugee camp which is located about 35 kilometres southeast of Peshawar near the Afghanistan–Pakistan border .
77-733: Jalozai is located in Pabbi Tehsil of Nowshera District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan . The most notable attraction of Jalozai are the University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar campus, which was constructed at the cost of Rs.5.56 Billion on a 400-acre land, and the Jalozai Refugee Camp. It was one of the largest of 150 refugee or transit camps in Pakistan, holding Afghan refugees from
154-647: A Reuters interview in 2001 that Osama bin Laden had visited Jalozai camp in 1987. According to Mr. Mohammad, "Once he came to the camp, 14 years ago, to deliver dates. He came only once. I haven't seen him since, and at the time I didn't know who he was." After the Soviet defeat in 1989, many of the Afghan refugees remained in Jalozai and in other Pakistan camps throughout the subsequent civil war and ensuing Afghan rule by
231-464: A US$ 5 million reward for his capture. Two other escapees remained at large. In June 2008 the United States charged Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri with planning and conducting the attack. The United States planned to seek the death penalty in his case. On 5 February 2009, the United States dropped all charges against al-Nashiri "without prejudice" to comply with President Obama's order to shut down
308-801: A "precision strike" was carried out east of the Yemeni capital, Sanaa. Another lawsuit against Sudan was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia in 2010 by 15 of the Cole sailors and three spouses, seeking damages from the country for knowingly supporting the terrorists that struck the ship. While the court action had been served to the Sudan embassy in Washington D.C., no representative of Sudan replied to
385-496: A Saudi Arabian citizen of Yemeni descent, who had been held at the military prison in Guantanamo Bay , Cuba, since 2006. Pentagon officials said the charges "organizing and directing" the Cole bombing still needed approval by a Department of Defense official who oversees military commissions set up for terrorism suspects. Pentagon officials said they would seek the death penalty. Several people have been described as
462-518: A U.S. drone strike on 6 May 2012. Al-Badawi, also called a "mastermind" of the Cole bombing, was one of seventeen captives who escaped through a tunnel from a Yemeni jail in 2006. Al-Badawi was killed in a drone strike on 1 January 2019 in the Marib governate, Yemen. Tawfiq bin Attash , who was captured in Pakistan in 2003 and is currently being held in U.S. custody at Guantanamo Bay, was "considered
539-464: A day from 250 in March. Numbers were expected to swell as the weather warmed into the summer. UNHCR was then planning, with Pakistan, for perhaps 1.5 million refugees who would stay after termination of the tripartite refugee return agreement in March 2006. In 2005, with more Afghans drawn home by improving conditions, all the "new" camps in Pakistan established to shelter Afghans anticipated to be fleeing
616-475: A federal judge in the United States, Robert G. Doumar , ruled that the Sudanese government was liable for the bombing. The ruling was issued in response to a lawsuit filed against the Sudanese government by relatives of the victims, who claim that al-Qaeda could not have carried out the attacks without the support of Sudanese officials. The judge said: There is substantial evidence in this case presented by
693-685: A few hours after the ship was struck and were reinforced by a U.S Marine platoon with the 1st Fleet Antiterrorism Security Team Company (FAST), based out of Norfolk, Virginia . The Marines from 6th Platoon, 1st FAST arrived on 13 October from Norfolk. USS Donald Cook and USS Hawes made best speed to arrive in the vicinity of Aden that afternoon providing repair and logistical support. USNS Catawba , USS Camden , Anchorage , Duluth and Tarawa arrived in Aden some days later, providing watch relief crews, harbor security, damage control equipment, billeting, and food service for
770-455: A missile-armed Predator drone . He, too, was described as the mastermind of the Cole bombing. In 2003, the U.S. Justice Department indicted two people who were believed to have been the last main co-conspirators who were still at large, Jamal Ahmad Mohammad Al Badawi and Fahd al-Quso . Jamal Ahmad Mohammad Al Badawi was convicted in Yemen and sentenced to death. Fahd al-Quso was killed by
847-459: A pre-graduation Battle Stations event. "The Cole Scenario", launched in 2007, takes place aboard a realistic destroyer mock-up housed at Naval Station Great Lakes , Illinois. The training focuses on preparing recruits for damage control challenges they may face in the fleet. On 13 February 2020, the Government of Sudan announced that it had reached an agreement to compensate the families of
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#1732787244118924-552: A predictable pattern to security posture. In November 2001, the Navy opened an Anti-Terrorism and Force Protection Warfare Center at Naval Amphibious Base (NAB) Little Creek, in Virginia Beach, Virginia , with the objective of developing tactics, equipment and training to combat terrorists. On 3 November 2002, a CIA -operated Predator UAV fired an AGM-114 Hellfire missile at a vehicle in Yemen carrying Abu Ali al-Harithi,
1001-555: A report in the Pakistani newspaper Dawn , published in late December 2001, an Afghan refugee named Haji Dost Mohammad, who was then in charge of the camp's security, reported that Osama bin Laden had made a food delivery to the camp in the late 1980s. “He may have lived in Peshawar, but I never had close contacts with him. Once he came to the camp, 14 years ago, to deliver dates. He came only once. I haven’t seen him since, and at
1078-460: A similar but less publicized attack on the U.S. Navy destroyer USS The Sullivans while in port at Aden on 3 January 2000, as a part of the 2000 millennium attack plots . The plan was to load a boat full of explosives and detonate them near The Sullivans . However, the boat was so overladen that it sank, forcing the attack to be abandoned. Planning for the October attack was discussed at
1155-454: A suspected planner of the bombing plot. Also in the vehicle was Kamal Derwish , a.k.a. Ahmed Hijazi, a U.S. citizen and four suspected Yemeni terrorists. All six were killed in the strike. On 29 September 2004, a Yemeni judge sentenced Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri and Jamal al-Badawi to death for their roles in the bombing. Al-Nashiri, believed to be the operation's mastermind, was detained by the United States at Guantanamo Bay . In October 2004
1232-450: A time. He told me he was 'tired of swatting flies.'" The administration instead began work on a new strategy to eliminate al-Qaeda. As a result of the Cole bombing, the U.S. Navy began to reassess its anti-terrorism and force protection methods, both at home and abroad. The Navy stepped up Random Anti-Terrorism Measures (RAM), which are meant to complicate the planning of a terrorist contemplating an attack by making it difficult to discern
1309-607: Is a tehsil located in Nowshera District , Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan . The tehsil is named after the Pabbi town, which is located on the GT Road . Pabbi become tehsil in 2008, when NWFP (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) caretaker chief minister Shamsul Mulk declared it a tehsil of Nowshera district. The head quarter of Pabbi tehsil is Pabbi town , which is located on Grand Trunk (GT) road. Pabbi tehsil covers
1386-531: Is home to many excellent educational institutes. Pabbi has a campus of Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan in Pabbi town while it has a campus of University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar in Jelozai town. It is also home to 3 degree colleges: Government College Akbarpura, Government Degree College Pabbi and Government Girls Degree College Pabbi. USS Cole bombing The USS Cole bombing
1463-566: The Administrative Review Board hearing of Guantanamo detainee Adel Hassan Hamad , that the camp was directed by Zahid Al-Sheikh , an older brother of senior al Qaeda planner Khalid Sheikh Mohammed . American analysts allege that Zahid Al-Sheikh was also an extremist with ties to terrorism. Hamad acknowledged that when he first started working for the Hira Islamic Institute Al-Sheikh
1540-471: The Cole bombing mastermind. A Guantanamo Military Commission said Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri , captured in late 2002, was the planner. Al-Nashiri was one of the three " high-value detainees " the George W. Bush administration would acknowledge had been subjected to waterboarding and other " enhanced interrogation techniques ." Abu Ali al-Harithi was one of the first suspected terrorists to be targeted by
1617-535: The Kuala Lumpur al-Qaeda Summit from 5 to 8 January, shortly after the failed attempt. Along with other plotters, the summit was attended by future 11 September hijacker Khalid al-Mihdhar , who then traveled to San Diego , California. On 10 June 2000, Mihdhar left San Diego to visit his wife in Yemen at a house also used as a communications hub for al-Qaeda. After the bombing, Yemeni Prime Minister Abdul Karim al-Iryani reported that Mihdhar had been one of
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#17327872441181694-756: The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and transferred to the new Shamshatoo refugee camp outside the city of Peshawar according to UNHCR spokesperson Melita Sunjic. By early 2002, 50,000 had been relocated from Jalozai camp. Many of those had returned home to Afghanistan following the removal of the Taliban from power in late 2001. Most of the other former residents of the Jalozai camp had relocated to six new camps built in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa since September 11, 2001, including Kotkai , Bajaur , Shalman , Old Bagzai , Basu, and Ashgaru . On February 11, 2002,
1771-507: The Yemeni parliament "calling for jihad against America" were broadcast on local television each night. After some delay, the Yemenis produced a CCTV video from a harborside security camera, but the crucial moment of the explosion was deleted. "There were so many perceived threats that the agents often slept in their clothes and with their weapons at their sides." At one point, the hotel where
1848-575: The 1980s Soviet invasion of Afghanistan . It had an estimated 70,000 refugees at its peak. New Jalozai adjoined the original Jalozai camp in November 2000, taking in a new wave of arriving Afghan refugees. The camps briefly received an additional influx of refugees in the period after 9/11 , leading up to the United States invasion of Afghanistan in October 2001. After the fall of the Taliban ,
1925-529: The 1980s and 1990s conflicts. But in November 2000, the "New Jalozai" camp was also established, next to the existing old Jalozai camp. Doctors Without Borders / Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) began working in New Jalozai in November 2000. Since that time, an additional 50,000 refugees arrived in the Peshawar area, and had settled in the New Jalozai refugee camp through the nine months ending in July 2001. At
2002-410: The 1980s. Osama bin Laden was identified as a visitor to the Jalozai camp in the 1980s on one occasion. Bin Laden had been based around Peshawar since 1981, where he and Dr. Abdullah Yusuf Azzam were running a large contingent of foreign Arabs and material support involved in the Afghan resistance. Haji Dost Mohammad, the Jalozai security chief, and also a resident of Peshawar since 1979, recalled in
2079-572: The 2001 war in Afghanistan had been closed. More than 580,000 Afghans had gone home from the camps since the UN's voluntary repatriation programme began in 2002. As of 2005, camp closures continued in parallel with the UNHCR repatriation operation that began in March 2002 and helped 2.4 million Afghan refugees from Pakistan to go home, the agency's largest such programme anywhere in the world. The region
2156-405: The 9/11 Commission, summarized in the 9/11 Commission Report . Former CIA Director George Tenet testified (page 196) that he "believed he laid out what was knowable early in the investigation, and that this evidence never really changed until after 9/11." The report suggests (pages 201–202) that the official assessment was similarly vague until at least March 2001: On 25 January, Tenet briefed
2233-427: The Afghan border on the following day. In March 2002, the UN refugee agency began a voluntary repatriation campaign in Pakistan. By the end of 2002, UNHCR had repatriated 1.53 million Afghan refugees from Pakistan, including 1.4 million from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. 82% were from urban areas; only 3% were from new camps, which had been created in anticipation of the October 2001 US coalition invasion. UNHCR emphasis in 2003
2310-454: The CIA's "preliminary judgment" that a "strong circumstantial case" could be made against al Qaeda but noting that the CIA continued to lack "conclusive information on external command and control" of the attack. According to Rice, the decision not to respond militarily to the Cole bombing was President Bush's. She said he "made clear to us that he did not want to respond to al Qaeda one attack at
2387-752: The Navy consolidated the forces it deploys for anti-terrorism and force protection under a single command at NAB Little Creek. The new Maritime Force Protection Command (MARFPCOM) was activated to oversee the administration and training of the expeditionary units the Navy deploys overseas to protect ships, aircraft and bases from terrorist attack. MARFPCOM aligned four existing components: the Mobile Security Forces, Naval Coastal Warfare , Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD), and Expeditionary Mobile Diving and Salvage Forces . On 3 February 2006, 23 suspected or convicted Al-Qaeda members escaped from jail in Yemen. This number included 13 who were convicted of
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2464-473: The Pentagon, forbade guards to fire upon the small boat (which was not known to be loaded with explosives) without permission from Cole ' s captain or another officer. Petty Officer John Washak said that right after the blast, a senior chief petty officer ordered him to turn an M-60 machine gun on Cole ' s fantail away from a second small boat approaching. "With blood still on my face", he said, he
2541-593: The President on the Cole investigation. The written briefing repeated for top officials of the new administration what the CIA had told the Clinton White House in November. This included the "preliminary judgment" that al Qaeda was responsible, with the caveat that no evidence had yet been found that Bin Ladin himself ordered the attack in March 2001, the CIA's briefing slides for Rice were still describing
2618-524: The Taliban. In October 2000, the USS Cole bombing by al-Qaeda brought many relief agencies to Pakistan, in anticipation of a new exodus of Afghan refugees. The expected retaliation from the United States government then came. Though it was limited to cruise missiles fired into al-Qaeda training camps in the mountains of eastern Afghanistan, the expected wave of new refugees also followed. The old Jalozai camp continued to contain thousands of refugees from
2695-474: The UNHCR said that the Jalozai refugee camp would be closed the next day, on February 12, 2002. Then a statement by the United Nations refugee agency said that UNHCR deputy representative to Pakistan Eva Demant and commissioner for Afghan refugees would officially close the site. As of February 11, 2002, the roughly 800 refugees remaining in Jalozai were scheduled to be transferred to Barkili close to
2772-619: The USS Cole victims, a prerequisite for being removed from the State Sponsors of Terrorism list . In its announcement, the Sudanese government reiterated that it was not responsible for the bombing but stated that its goal was to normalize relations with the United States and other countries and to settle historical claims arising from the previous regime. The bilateral claims agreement was signed on October 30, 2020, under which Sudan agreed to pay $ 335 million in compensation to resolve
2849-408: The United States had not yet attacked [in response to the Cole ] Bin Laden wanted the United States to attack, and if it did not he would launch something bigger." Evidence of al-Qaeda's involvement was inconclusive for months after the attack. The staff of the 9/11 Commission found that al-Qaeda's direction of the bombing was under investigation but "increasingly clear" on 11 November 2000. It
2926-414: The United States. The attack was the deadliest against a U.S. naval vessel since an Iraqi aircraft's attack on USS Stark on 17 May 1987. The asymmetric warfare attack was organized and directed by the terrorist organization al-Qaeda. In June 2001, an al-Qaeda recruitment video featuring Osama bin Laden boasted about the attack and encouraged similar attacks. Al-Qaeda had previously attempted
3003-557: The agents stayed "was surrounded with men in traditional dress, some in Jeeps, all carrying guns." Finally the agents abandoned their hotel to stay at a US Navy vessel in the Bay of Aden, but they still did not feel safe. After being granted "...permission from the Yemeni government to fly back to shore," an agent said their helicopter took evasive action during the flight due to fears of shoulder-launched surface-to-air missiles. On 14 March 2007,
3080-400: The attack, but Contreras's "ruling is the first to find Iran partly responsible for the incident." By May 2008, all defendants convicted in the attack had escaped from prison or been freed by Yemeni officials. On 30 June 2008, Brigadier General Thomas W. Hartmann , legal advisor to the U.S. military tribunal system, announced that charges were being sworn against Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri ,
3157-525: The attack. A U.S. judge has held Sudan liable for the attack, while another has released over $ 13 million in Sudanese frozen assets to the relatives of those killed. The United States Navy has reconsidered its rules of engagement in response to this attack. On 30 October 2020, Sudan and the United States signed a bilateral claims agreement to compensate families of the sailors who died in the bombing. The agreement entered into force in February 2021. On
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3234-505: The bombings of Cole and the French tanker MV Limburg in 2002. Among those who reportedly escaped was Al-Badawi. Al-Qaeda's Yemeni number two Abu Assem al-Ahdal may also have escaped. On 17 October 2007, al-Badawi surrendered to Yemeni authorities as part of an agreement with al-Qaeda militants. Following his surrender, Yemeni authorities released him in return for a pledge not to engage in any violent or al-Qaeda-related activity, despite
3311-784: The case or appeared at the hearing. A default judgement was awarded to the sailors for more than US$ 314 million in 2012. In the process of serving the necessary paperwork and actions to obtain the monetary damages from Sudan within the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit , representatives of Sudan challenged the DC District Court ruling, arguing that under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA) which allows for private lawsuits to be filed against foreign nations,
3388-549: The claims brought by U.S. families of the victims of the attack on the USS Cole (and the victims of the 1998 bombings of the U.S. embassies in Tanzania and Kenya). A memorial to the victims of the attack was dedicated at Norfolk Naval Station in Virginia on 12 October 2001. It was erected along the shore of Willoughby Bay , and overlooks the channel used by Navy ships transiting to sea. Seventeen low-level markers stand for
3465-548: The combined Jalozai camp was still merely a makeshift transit point. It did not have formal UN status as a refugee camp. No registration had ever taken place in the camp, so substandard living conditions prevailed for the tens of thousands of refugees at Jalozai. In mid-2001, before the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States, 10,000 of the Afghans in the Jalozai camp were recognized and registered as genuine refugees by
3542-430: The court had found Sudan culpable in facilitating the attack on the destroyer. John Clodfelter, father of Kenneth Clodfelter who was killed in the bombing, said; "It's about time something was done. It's taken so much more time than we thought it should take." On 1 January 2019 Jamal al-Badawi, an al-Qaeda militant behind the attack, died in a U.S. air strike, President Donald Trump confirmed. U.S. defense officials said
3619-430: The crew of Cole . Landing craft (LCU) from the amphibious assault ships provided daily runs from Tarawa with hot food and supplies, and ferried personnel to and from all other naval vessels supporting Cole . In the remaining days LCU 1632 and various personnel from LCU 1666 teamed up to patrol around Cole . In a form of transport pioneered in 1988 by USS Samuel B. Roberts aboard Mighty Servant 2 , Cole
3696-481: The deck, thereby killing crew members who were lining up for lunch. The crew fought flooding in the engineering spaces and had the damage under control after three days. Divers inspected the hull and determined that the keel had not been damaged. The sailors injured in the explosion were taken to the United States Army 's Landstuhl Regional Medical Center near Ramstein , Germany, before being sent to
3773-513: The entire Khyber Paktunkhwa and to some parts of the Punjab. Pabbi is a part of Pakistan National Assembly seat NA-5 (Nowshera-1) while for KP Provincial Assembly it is part of PK-12 Nowshera-I . The population of Pabbi Tehsil , according to the 2017 census, is 437,301 while according to the 1998 census, it was 246,120. The main towns of Pabbi Tehsil are Pabbi , Akbarpura and Jelozai . The main villages in Pabbi are below. Pabbi tehsil
3850-505: The expert testimony that the government of Sudan induced the particular bombing of the Cole by virtue of prior actions of the government of Sudan. On 25 July 2007, Doumar ordered the Sudanese government to pay $ 8 million to the families of the 17 sailors who died. He calculated the amount they should receive by multiplying the salary of the sailors by the number of years they would have continued to work. The following day, Sudan's Justice Minister Mohammed al-Mard said Sudan intended to appeal
3927-603: The jurisdiction from Taro Jabba to Azakhel Payan and Cherat . Pabbi is 20 kilometers (12 miles) from Peshawar , the capital of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa province. Pabbi is a birthplace of Gul Hassan Khan was a former lieutenant-general and the last Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Army. Pabbi is hub of precast concrete industries located at main GT road in Chowki Mumraiz. Currently, there are 43 precast concrete industries are functional in Pabbi which supply different items to
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#17327872441184004-552: The key planners of the attack and had been in the country at the time of the attacks. He later returned to the United States to participate in the 9/11 hijacking of American Airlines Flight 77 , which flew into the Pentagon , killing 184 people. The first naval ship on the scene to assist the stricken Cole was HMS Marlborough , a Type 23 frigate of the Royal Navy , under the command of Captain Anthony Rix . She
4081-495: The mastermind" of the bombing. An al-Qaeda commander in Yemen also confirmed that another co-conspirator in the bombing, Abdul Mun'im Salim al-Fatahani, was killed in a U.S. drone strike on 31 January 2012. On 6 May 2012, officials from the Yemen government reported that al-Quso was killed in an airstrike earlier in the day in southern Yemen. The report was later confirmed by U.S. officials and al-Qaeda's media network As-Sahab . The destroyer's rules of engagement, as approved by
4158-420: The military prison at Guantanamo Bay, but reserved the right to file charges at a later date. In 2009, U.S. federal judge Kimba Wood released $ 13.4 million in frozen assets belonging to Sudan, to be awarded to 33 spouses, parents, and children of the sailors killed in the attack. The money was awarded based on the 2002 Terrorism Risk Insurance Act and spearheaded by Miami Attorney Andrew C. Hall. Previously,
4235-430: The morning of Thursday, 12 October 2000, Cole , under the command of Commander Kirk Lippold , docked in Aden harbor for a routine fuel stop. Cole completed mooring at 9:30 and began refueling at 10:30. Around 11:18 local time (08:18 UTC ), a small fiberglass boat carrying C4 explosives and two suicide bombers approached the port side of the destroyer and exploded, creating a 40-by-60-foot (12 by 18 m) gash in
4312-466: The original case paperwork was not properly sent to their embassy in Sudan. Lawyers for the sailors argued that rejecting this would require them to rehold the initial trial and re-determine guilt and damages, if any. The Second Circuit upheld that the paperwork was filed appropriately, leading the representatives of Sudan to petition the Supreme Court of the United States for writ of certiorari on
4389-475: The question of whether the initial paperwork was properly addressed. The Supreme Court accepted the case, Republic of Sudan v. Harrison (Docket 16–1094) and took oral arguments on 9 November 2018. In March 2019, the Supreme Court vacated the Second Circuit's decision and overturned the award. The Cole bombing plays a highly visible role in Navy damage-control training, which begins in boot camp with
4466-451: The ruling. In March 2015, U.S. federal judge Rudolph Contreras found both Iran and Sudan complicit in the 2000 bombing of the USS Cole by al Qaeda, stating that "Iran was directly involved in establishing Al-Qaeda's Yemen network and supported training and logistics for Al-Qaeda in the Gulf region" through Hezbollah. Two previous federal judges had ruled that Sudan was liable for its role in
4543-399: The ship's port side, according to the memorial plate to those who lost their lives. Former CIA intelligence officer Robert Finke said the blast appeared to be caused by C4 explosives molded into a shaped charge against the hull of the boat. More than 1,000 pounds (450 kg) of explosive were used. Much of the blast entered a mechanical space below the ship's galley , violently pushing up
4620-437: The situation that presented itself" when Cole arrived in Aden to refuel. The JAGMAN investigation also concluded that "the commanding officer of Cole did not have the specific intelligence, focused training, appropriate equipment or on-scene security support to effectively prevent or deter such a determined, preplanned assault on his ship", and recommended significant changes in Navy procedures. In spite of this finding, Lippold
4697-461: The start of 2001, there were nearly 150 refugee camps in Pakistan with some 1.1 million Afghan residents in the camps. Just over 3 million Afghans lived in Pakistan overall, including the camps. By late 2001, the combined Jalozai refugee camps were estimated by Reuters to have been home to 300,000 Afghans in total during various times over more than two decades. Most sources put the camp population at 70,000 refugees at its peak. But through July 2001,
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#17327872441184774-410: The time I didn’t know who he was.” After 1979, Peshawar served as a political centre for anti-Soviet Mujahideen , and became surrounded by huge camps of Afghan refugees. Many of the Afghan refugees fled through the historic Khyber Pass , near Peshawar. That major border city of a million people then replaced Kabul and Kandahar as the centre of ethnic Pashtuns (Pakhtuns) cultural development during
4851-475: The vast majority of refugees in the Jalozai camp returned home or were relocated elsewhere. In February 2002, with a remaining population of 800, Jalozai camp was formally closed. But some problem elements remained through at least 2003, necessitating Pakistani military raids on the former camp that year. By 2012 Pakistan banned extensions to all foreign visas and continued its effort to close the remaining refugee camps. American intelligence analysts alleged, during
4928-458: The youthfulness of the sailors, whose lives were cut short. Three tall granite monoliths, each bearing brass plaques, stand for the three colors of the American flag . A set of brown markers encircling the memorial symbolize the darkness and despair that overcame the ship. In addition, 28 black pine trees were planted to represent the 17 sailors and the 11 children they left behind. The memorial
5005-593: Was a U.S. Air Force Security Forces Quick Reaction Force from the 363rd Expeditionary Security Forces Squadron, 363rd Air Expeditionary Wing , based in Prince Sultan Air Base , Saudi Arabia, transported by C-130 aircraft. They were followed by another small group of United States Marines from the Interim Marine Corps Security Force Company, Bahrain, flown in by P-3 Orion aircraft. Both forces landed
5082-582: Was a suicide attack by al-Qaeda against USS Cole , a guided missile destroyer of the United States Navy , on 12 October 2000, while it was being refueled in Yemen 's Aden harbor. Seventeen U.S. Navy sailors were killed and thirty-seven injured in the deadliest attack against a United States naval vessel since the USS Stark incident in 1987. Al-Qaeda claimed responsibility for
5159-466: Was an "unproven assumption" in late November. By 21 December the CIA had made a "preliminary judgment" that "al Qaeda appeared to have supported the attack" without a "definitive conclusion". Accounts thereafter are varied and somewhat contradictory. Then- National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice told the Commission that when the administration took office on 20 January 2001; "We knew that there
5236-423: Was an act of terrorism, it was a despicable and cowardly act. We will find out who was responsible and hold them accountable." On 19 January 2001, the U.S. Navy completed and released its Judge Advocate General Manual (JAGMAN) investigation of the incident, concluding that Cole ' s commanding officer Commander Kirk Lippold "acted reasonably in adjusting his force protection posture based on his assessment of
5313-606: Was funded by contributions from thousands of private individuals and businesses to the Navy-Marine Corps Relief Society , which gave the memorial to the Navy. Its design originated as a vision of USS Cole crew members, who then teamed with Navy architects and the Society to finalize the project. The Cole memorial is located about 500 feet (150 m) west of the Naval Station memorial for
5390-534: Was hauled from Aden aboard the Norwegian semi-submersible heavy lift salvage ship MV Blue Marlin . Cole arrived in Pascagoula, Mississippi , on 13 December 2000, where she was rebuilt. FBI and NCIS agents sent to Yemen to investigate the bombing worked in an extremely hostile environment. They were met at the airport by Yemeni special forces with "...each soldier pointing an AK-47 ." Speakers in
5467-622: Was on passage to the UK after a six-month deployment in the Persian Gulf. Marlborough had full medical and damage control teams on board, and when her offer of assistance was accepted she immediately diverted to Aden. Eleven of the most badly injured sailors were sent via MEDEVAC provided by the French air force to a French military hospital in Djibouti and underwent surgery before being sent to Germany. The first U.S. military support to arrive
5544-622: Was on repatriation from old camps and cities in Pakistan to rural areas in Afghanistan. 70% of returnees from Pakistan were from cities and 30% from camps. On March 9, 2003 , Pakistani security forces carried out raids in Jalozai refugee camp near Peshawar. The forces also raided nearby Shamshatoo camp. No one was detained. 2004 returnees were 385,000 from Pakistan. 2005 UNHCR plans called for 400,000 Afghan refugees to return home from Pakistan. As of early April 2005, 11,000 Afghans had returned home. 7,000 returned from Pakistan since assisted returns resumed in March. Returns were climbing closer to 500
5621-579: Was rocked severely by the catastrophic 2005 Kashmir earthquake . In 2012 Pakistan continued its effort to close the remaining refugee camps in the country and banned extensions of all foreign visas, including Afghanistan , leading to a mass number of returnees. In July 2020, KP Chief Minister Mehmood Khan officially launched the Jalozai Special Economic Zone in the Nowshera District. Pabbi Tehsil Pabbi
5698-538: Was speculation that the 2000 Cole attack was al Qaeda. We received, I think, on January 25 the same assessment [of al-Qaeda responsibility]. It was preliminary. It was not clear." On 9 February, Vice President Dick Cheney was briefed on bin Laden's responsibility "without hedge." One report stated that "six days after Bush took office", the FBI "believed they had clear evidence tying the bombers to Al Qaeda." These conclusions are contrasted by testimony of key figures before
5775-643: Was subsequently denied promotion and retired at the same rank of commander in 2007. In Afghanistan the bombing was a "great victory for bin Laden . Al-Qaeda camps filled with new recruits, and contributors from the Gulf States arrived with petrodollars ." Both Clinton and his successor George W. Bush had been criticized for failing to respond militarily to the attack on Cole before 11 September 2001. The 9/11 Commission Report cites one source who said in February 2001, "[bin Laden] complained frequently that
5852-536: Was the director of Lajnat Al-Da'wa al Islamia , and his ultimate boss, but he was never the director of the Jelazee Refugee Camp. He said that while his relationship with him was a distant business relationship he never saw any clue that Al-Sheikh was an extremist, or tied to terrorism. Médecins Sans Frontières reported that the camp was closed in early 2002. It called the camp "infamous", and recounted that it had been known as "a living cemetery". In
5929-502: Was told: "That's the rules of engagement: no shooting unless we're shot at." He added, "In the military, it's like we're trained to hesitate now. If somebody had seen something wrong and shot, he probably would have been court-martialed." Petty Officer Jennifer Kudrick said that if the sentries had fired on the suicide craft, "we would have gotten in more trouble for shooting two foreigners than losing seventeen American sailors." President Bill Clinton declared, "If, as it now appears, this
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