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102-745: The Jamaica station is a major train station of the Long Island Rail Road located in Jamaica, Queens , New York City . With weekday ridership exceeding 200,000 passengers, it is the largest transit hub on Long Island , the fourth-busiest rail station in North America, and the second-busiest station that exclusively serves commuter traffic. It is the third-busiest rail hub in the New York area, behind Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal . Over 1,000 trains pass through each day,

204-446: A Spanish solution boarding layout, as these trains can be entered from platforms on either side. The sixth platform, Platform F, serves tracks 11–12 and is shorter than the other platforms. It is located to the south of platforms A–E and is used by shuttles to and from Atlantic Terminal . Tracks 9–10 are not adjacent to any platforms and can be used by non-revenue passenger trains or by freight trains. There are two overpasses connecting

306-404: A bar or pub . Other station facilities may include: toilets , left-luggage , lost-and-found , departures and arrivals schedules , luggage carts, waiting rooms , taxi ranks , bus bays and even car parks . Larger or staffed stations tend to have a greater range of facilities including also a station security office. These are usually open for travellers when there is sufficient traffic over

408-628: A perceived health threat from low-frequency electric and magnetic fields . As of 2018, a large number of proposed wind turbine facilities located in Western and Upstate New York are being processed under the Article 10 regulations, and the impacts of astroturfing and the rate at which the commission staff can process the amount of these projects has yet to be determined. The commission uses various tools to monitor and investigate utility service disruptions. Their response to events that cause or have

510-412: A return on equity of around 10 percent is normal. For the incumbent electric utility companies and the merchant transmission developers that it regulates, the commission must issue a Certificate of Environmental Compatibility and Public Need prior to the operation and construction of an electric transmission line - a "major utility transmission facility" - in the state. This is pursuant to Article VII of

612-406: A bypass line, used by freight trains that do not need to stop at the terminus. Some termini have a newer set of through platforms underneath (or above, or alongside) the terminal platforms on the main level. They are used by a cross-city extension of the main line, often for commuter trains , while the terminal platforms may serve long-distance services. Examples of underground through lines include

714-404: A few intermediate stations that take the form of a stub-end station, for example at some zigzags . If there is a station building , it is usually located to the side of the tracks. In the case of intermediate stations used for both passenger and freight traffic, there is a distinction between those where the station building and goods facilities are on the same side of the tracks and those in which

816-472: A few small railway stations are designated as "halts" ( Irish : stadanna , sing. stad ). In some Commonwealth countries the term "halt" is used. In Australia, with its sparse rural populations, such stopping places were common on lines that were still open for passenger traffic. In the state of Victoria , for example, a location on a railway line where a small diesel railcar or railmotor could stop on request, allowing passengers to board or alight,

918-533: A former Weather Underground member, political insiders, and industry insiders - including an at least one industry insider whose parent was an employee of the commission. The Public Service Commission was established in 1907. Notable former employees include Nora Stanton Blatch Deforest Barney and Delos Franklin Wilcox . In 2014 the Commission and New York Governor Andrew Cuomo initiated Reforming

1020-831: A further 40 from other companies at the Grouping of 1923. Peak building periods were before the First World War (145 built) and 1928–1939 (198 built). Ten more were opened by British Rail on ex-GWR lines. The GWR also built 34 "platforms". Many such stops remain on the national railway networks in the United Kingdom, such as Penmaenmawr in North Wales , Yorton in Shropshire , and The Lakes in Warwickshire , where passengers are requested to inform

1122-571: A line was dual-purpose there would often be a freight depot apart from the passenger station. This type of dual-purpose station can sometimes still be found today, though in many cases goods facilities are restricted to major stations. Many stations date from the 19th century and reflect the grandiose architecture of the time, lending prestige to the city as well as to railway operations. Countries where railways arrived later may still have such architecture, as later stations often imitated 19th-century styles. Various forms of architecture have been used in

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1224-407: A long enough period of time to warrant the cost. In large cities this may mean facilities available around the clock. A basic station might only have platforms, though it may still be distinguished from a halt , a stopping or halting place that may not even have platforms. Many stations, either larger or smaller, offer interchange with local transportation; this can vary from a simple bus stop across

1326-504: A member of on-board train staff if they wish to alight, or, if catching a train from the station, to make themselves clearly visible to the driver and use a hand signal as the train approaches. Most have had "Halt" removed from their names. Two publicly advertised and publicly accessible National Rail stations retain it: Coombe Junction Halt and St Keyne Wishing Well Halt . A number of other halts are still open and operational on privately owned, heritage, and preserved railways throughout

1428-675: A new through-station, including the cases of Berlin Hauptbahnhof , Vienna Hauptbahnhof and numerous examples throughout the first century of railroading. Stuttgart 21 is a controversial project involving the replacement of a terminus station by a through-station. An American example of a terminal with this feature is Union Station in Washington, DC , where there are bay platforms on the main concourse level to serve terminating trains and standard island platforms one level below to serve trains continuing southward. The lower tracks run in

1530-504: A population of greater than 125,000 people or to facilities approved in relation to FERC-certified hydroelectric facilities. Notably, Part 102 of the Public Service Law, for example, allows for the 60-day review of a 115-kV transmission line with a length of less than 10 miles, without a formal response from the commission. Part 102 filing has enabled certain utilities to maintain their infrastructure without being burdened with

1632-582: A project, depending upon the level of controversy, to proceed through the Article VII siting process, although it may take only 6 months to construct. The certification process can take even longer if routing occurs through municipalities that are charged with managing a Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4). Final state certification requires approval from the local MS4 municipality in accordance with its MS4 plan. There are some instances when electric transmission lines can be built without going through

1734-424: A second pedestrian bridge to be located at the eastern end of the station, connecting all the platforms. A lower-level concourse would be added to provide additional route for riders. Two connections were added to the new Archer Avenue Line. In April 1988, construction began on an $ 11.3 million overpass, which would be between the east end concourse and the west end of the platforms. The project would add elevators to

1836-407: A spot at the station to board and disembark trains is called station track or house track regardless of whether it is a main line or loop line. If such track is served by a platform , the track may be called platform track. A loop line without a platform, which is used to allow a train to clear the main line at the station only, is called passing track. A track at the station without a platform which

1938-417: A station and various other features set certain types apart. The first is the level of the tracks . Stations are often sited where a road crosses the railway: unless the crossing is a level crossing , the road and railway will be at different levels. The platforms will often be raised or lowered relative to the station entrance: the station buildings may be on either level, or both. The other arrangement, where

2040-576: A station stop does not. A station stop usually does not have any tracks other than the main tracks, and may or may not have switches (points, crossovers). An intermediate station does not have any other connecting route, unlike branch-off stations , connecting stations, transfer stations and railway junctions . In a broader sense, an intermediate station is generally any station on the route between its two terminal stations . The majority of stations are, in practice, intermediate stations. They are mostly designed as through stations ; there are only

2142-405: A station track as a temporary storage of a disabled train. A "terminus" or "terminal" is a station at the end of a railway line. Trains arriving there have to end their journeys (terminate) or reverse out of the station. Depending on the layout of the station, this usually permits travellers to reach all the platforms without the need to cross any tracks – the public entrance to the station and

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2244-405: A three-way junction and platforms are built on all three sides, for example Shipley and Earlestown stations. In a station, there are different types of tracks to serve different purposes. A station may also have a passing loop with a loop line that comes off the straight main line and merge back to the main line on the other end by railroad switches to allow trains to pass. A track with

2346-549: A train's position on the track, and only when it is properly aligned will the train's doors open. This enables the AirTrain to use automatic train operation . The platform measures approximately 240 feet (73 m). The next stop to the south is Federal Circle , followed by the six JFK airline terminal stops. West of the station the track curves to the left and runs south, above the Van Wyck Expressway . Since it

2448-449: A train, sometimes consisting of a short platform and a waiting area but sometimes indicated by no more than a sign, are variously referred to as "stops", " flag stops ", " halts ", or "provisional stopping places". The stations themselves may be at ground level, underground, or elevated. Connections may be available to intersecting rail lines or other transport modes such as buses , trams , or other rapid transit systems. Train station

2550-650: A tunnel beneath the concourse and emerge a few blocks away to cross the Potomac River into Virginia. Terminus stations in large cities are by far the biggest stations, with the largest being Grand Central Terminal in New York City. Other major cities, such as London, Boston , Paris, Istanbul , Tokyo, and Milan have more than one terminus, rather than routes straight through the city. Train journeys through such cities often require alternative transport ( metro , bus , taxi or ferry ) from one terminus to

2652-403: A walking transfer between this new platform and the existing platforms. This reconfiguration was designed to allow for increased service between Brooklyn and Jamaica and between Jamaica and Manhattan (up to a 40% increase in the latter case) and reduce switching maneuvers, while raising average train speeds around Jamaica station from 15 to 30 miles per hour (24 to 48 km/h). Service frequency

2754-464: Is Arbroath . Occasionally, a station serves two or more railway lines at differing levels. This may be due to the station's position at a point where two lines cross (example: Berlin Hauptbahnhof ), or may be to provide separate station capacity for two types of service, such as intercity and suburban (examples: Paris-Gare de Lyon and Philadelphia's 30th Street Station ), or for two different destinations. Stations may also be classified according to

2856-492: Is a process which offers the public an opportunity to comment. Utilities determine when they wish to file for a new case. The commission uses a standard of reasonability - or how a reasonable person would judge - to assess the public need for proposed levels of capital expenditures , operating expenditures and other spending. Regulated utilities are publicly-traded companies , and must also provide returns for shareholders. These returns are argued for in these rate cases, and

2958-455: Is any longer served by trains), or military base (such as Lympstone Commando ) or railway yard. The only two such "private" stopping places on the national system, where the "halt" designation is still officially used, seem to be Staff Halt (at Durnsford Road, Wimbledon) and Battersea Pier Sidings Staff Halt, both of which are solely for railway staff. In Portugal , railway stops are called halts ( Portuguese : apeadeiro ). In Ireland ,

3060-416: Is expected to cost $ 1 billion in the first two years. The commission's regulatory oversight extends to the approval of retail consumer rate increase (or decrease) requests from the electric, water, steam, and local natural gas distribution utilities it regulates. The commission approves (or denies) these rate requests because each utility operates as a monopoly service provider in its retail region. This

3162-404: Is frequently, but not always, the final destination of trains arriving at the station. Especially in continental Europe, a city may have a terminus as its main railway station, and all main lines converge on it. In such cases all trains arriving at the terminus must leave in the reverse direction from that of their arrival. There are several ways in which this can be accomplished: There may also be

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3264-579: Is owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey , it uses a separate fare control from the LIRR. Passengers must pay their fare when either entering or leaving the station, as this station and Howard Beach are the only stations where fares are collected. MetroCard vending machines are located on both sides of fare control. The Jamaica AirTrain JFK station opened on December 17, 2003, along with

3366-505: Is the Long Island Rail Road's hub station. There are six high-level island platforms . Five of them, Platforms A–E, serve tracks 1–8 and are each 1,000 feet (300 m) long, fitting almost 12 cars. Tracks 1, 2, and 3 are primarily used by westbound trains; tracks 6, 7, and 8 are primarily used by eastbound trains; and tracks 4 and 5 generally provide additional capacity in the peak direction. Trains on tracks 2 and 7 utilize

3468-514: Is the terminology typically used in the U.S. In Europe, the terms train station and railway station are both commonly used, with railroad being obsolete. In British Commonwealth usage, where railway station is the traditional term, the word station is commonly understood to mean a railway station unless otherwise specified. In the United States, the term depot is sometimes used as an alternative name for station , along with

3570-411: Is used for trains to pass the station without stopping is called through track. There may be other sidings at the station which are lower speed tracks for other purposes. A maintenance track or a maintenance siding, usually connected to a passing track, is used for parking maintenance equipment, trains not in service, autoracks or sleepers . A refuge track is a dead-end siding that is connected to

3672-583: The American Society of Civil Engineers . As part of a series of LIRR readiness projects in preparation for the East Side Access extension to Grand Central Terminal , the MTA had adjusted track layouts at Jamaica station to straighten train paths and install high-speed switches. As part of the project, additional ladder tracks have been created, the E Yard track was extended over 150th Street,

3774-588: The Archer Avenue lines of the New York City Subway at a separate station directly below. The area just outside is served by several local bus routes, and others terminate within a few blocks of the station. The station is located at the junction between the LIRR's three main trunk routes, its Main Line , Atlantic Branch , and Montauk Branch . Due to this, all LIRR passenger service barring

3876-555: The Department of Environmental Conservation , NYSERDA , and the Empire State Development Corporation . The generation siting process in New York is still fairly young - the Article 10 statutes passed into law in 2011 by Governor Andrew Cuomo . Prior to the Article 10 regulations, Public Service Law Section 68 acted as a gap regulation after the expiration of the Article X - not "10" - process in

3978-590: The Department of Public Service . The department's regulations are compiled in title 16 of the New York Codes, Rules and Regulations . The current chairman of the Commission and chief executive of the Department is Rory M. Christian. His term began on June 10, 2021 and runs through February 1, 2027. The Public Service Commission consists of seven members, each appointed by the Governor of New York with

4080-533: The Port Washington Branch operates through here, with it being common for commuters to "Change at Jamaica" between trains to travel between points on Long Island and the four New York City terminals. Two former stations existed in Jamaica prior to the current one, serving two different railroads. The first was the LIRR's original Jamaica Station ( "Old Jamaica" ), built c. 1836 as the terminus of

4182-684: The Shinkansen in Japan, THSR in Taiwan, TGV lines in France, and ICE lines in Germany. Stations normally have staffed ticket sales offices, automated ticket machines , or both, although on some lines tickets are sold on board the trains. Many stations include a shop or convenience store . Larger stations usually have fast-food or restaurant facilities. In some countries, stations may also have

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4284-1000: The Thameslink platforms at St Pancras in London, the Argyle and North Clyde lines of Glasgow's suburban rail network , in Antwerp in Belgium, the RER at the Gare du Nord in Paris, the Milan suburban railway service 's Passante railway , and many of the numerous S-Bahn lines at terminal stations in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, such as at Zürich Hauptbahnhof . Due to the disadvantages of terminus stations there have been multiple cases in which one or several terminus stations were replaced with

4386-470: The Article VII transmission facilities siting process. The Public Service Law defines a "major utility transmission facility" as an electric transmission line operating at greater than 125- kilovolts (kV) and longer than 1-mile in length, or an electric transmission line operating at greater than 100-kV (and less than 125-kV) and greater than 10 miles in length. It does not extend this definition to transmission facilities located wholly underground in cities with

4488-609: The British Isles. The word is often used informally to describe national rail network stations with limited service and low usage, such as the Oxfordshire Halts on the Cotswold Line . It has also sometimes been used for stations served by public services but accessible only by persons travelling to/from an associated factory (for example IBM near Greenock and British Steel Redcar – although neither of these

4590-628: The Department of Public Service, and the chairman is the chief executive officer of the Department. In 2017, the Public Service Commission and the Department of Public Service were appropriated $ 101.4 million from the state budget and employed 556 people. The payroll totaled $ 44,195,996 and a commissioner was not listed among the top 25 salary earners. Engineering staff who are licensed professional engineers do not produce stamped engineering plans. The commission has employed and been influenced by an array of interesting personnel:

4692-708: The East Layup Track was converted to be a through route. In addition, in February 2023, most Brooklyn service was converted into a shuttle service . This shuttle operates between Atlantic Terminal in Brooklyn and Jamaica via the Atlantic Branch . A new Platform F and dedicated tracks were constructed south of the existing LIRR platforms at Jamaica station to serve the shuttles; most passengers traveling between Brooklyn and Long Island are required to make

4794-628: The Energy Vision . Reforming the Energy Vision (commonly abbreviated as REV) is a set of multi-year regulatory proceedings and policy initiatives. The end goals of REV include reducing carbon emissions from the electric sector and opening up new markets in New York state for emerging energy technologies. The affected utilities in the state of New York include Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corporation, Consolidated Edison Company of New York, National Grid, New York State Electric & Gas Corporation, and Orange and Rockland Utilities. In addition to

4896-658: The Environment, much of the planning process for utility-scale electric generation is undertaken by the New York Independent System Operator (NYISO), an organization regulated under the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The NYISO maintains an interconnection queue where it may be possible to calculate the success rate of utility-scale electric generation and merchant transmission proposals. In 2016,

4998-578: The LIRR offices, railroad control center and MTA Police . Overall, the renovations enlarged the station and have made it more modern and efficient, providing easier access to all eight LIRR tracks. The entire station complex, including AirTrain and the subway, is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). The project was named "2006 Project of the Year" by the Long Island branch of

5100-493: The LIRR platforms, has 2 tracks and 1 island platform . It is accessed by escalator or elevator from street level as well as via an enclosed bridge connecting it to the LIRR station. Unlike the LIRR platforms, the AirTrain JFK platforms are entirely enclosed and feature platform screen doors , which help the station maintain a constant temperature and prevent passengers from falling onto the tracks. An array of sensors detect

5202-430: The LIRR. It was remodeled in 1869 and again in 1872, only to be completely rebuilt between 1882 and 1883 adjacent to and in use concurrently with the original depot. Covered platforms were later installed. "Old Jamaica" station at what is now 153rd Street (0.4 mile east of the present station) was razed in 1912 with the grade elimination project, the "Jamaica Improvements". The other station known as Jamaica–Beaver Street

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5304-409: The Public Service Commission adopted a Clean Energy Standard, to assist in achieving the state's target of obtaining 50% of its electricity from renewable and nuclear sources by 2030, which will see customer bills increase to support these sources. A particular aim was to support three nuclear plants, Ginna , James A. FitzPatrick and Nine Mile Point that had become uneconomic; the support for nuclear

5406-477: The Public Service Law. The process provides for public notification and participation. This certificate provides detail on the final routing of a transmission line, the public need for the line, the probable environmental impact of the line, among other details. After this certificate is granted, the utility or developer then files an Environmental Management and Construction Plan that the commission also must approve prior to construction. It may require many years for

5508-531: The advice and consent of the New York State Senate for a term of six years or to complete an unexpired term of a member. A commissioner is designated as chairman by the Governor to serve in such capacity at the pleasure of the Governor or until their term as commissioner expires. No more than three commissioners may be members of the same political party. The Public Service Commission is within

5610-426: The bottleneck. As part of the plan, which would be funded in the proposed $ 8.3 billion 1987–1991 Capital Program, the station approaches would be modified to allow trains to use a greater number of tracks at increased speeds, platforms would be extended, an additional platform would be added. In addition, a new master tower would be constructed, replacing three older towers, and an express track would be installed through

5712-478: The compound forms train depot , railway depot , and railroad depot —it is used for both passenger and freight facilities. The term depot is not used in reference to vehicle maintenance facilities in the U.S., whereas it is used as such in Canada and the United Kingdom. The world's first recorded railway station, for trains drawn by horses rather than engined locomotives , began passenger service in 1807. It

5814-533: The construction of stations, from those boasting grand, intricate, Baroque - or Gothic -style edifices, to plainer utilitarian or modernist styles. Stations in Europe tended to follow British designs and were in some countries, like Italy, financed by British railway companies. Train stations built more recently often have a similar feel to airports, with a simple, abstract style. Examples of modern stations include those on newer high-speed rail networks, such as

5916-401: The construction of westbound and eastbound express tracks through the station and build some elevated trackage. Work would begin after 1991 and be completed by 1999. In 1988, plans were announced for a $ 209 million station renovation that was expected to be completed in 1994. The project would add elevators, new staircases, overhauled platforms, new tracks, a second pedestrian overpass, and

6018-509: The core project of utility restructuring, the REV initiative also encompasses a number of other energy programs, some of which were launched before REV itself. These include K-Solar, NY Prize, NY-Sun, BuildSmart NY and the state's Green Bank. Although the state regulates the siting process of utility-scale (25 MW or greater) electric generation in New York via the Board on Electric Generation Siting and

6120-494: The cross-loading of freight and may be known as transshipment stations, where they primarily handle containers. They are also known as container stations or terminals. New York Public Service Commission The New York Public Service Commission is the public utilities commission of the New York state government that regulates and oversees the electric, gas, water, and telecommunication industries in New York as part of

6222-427: The early 2000s. The local community response to proposed electric facilities siting depends largely upon the notification process to local land owners. The Article VII and Article 10 regulations call for fairly wide notification. The Article 10 process, notably, invites local community members to serve as Siting Board members. Many of the comments posted by local community members reflect NIMBY positions or appeals to

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6324-610: The elevators and overpass began in April 1988, and was expected to be completed in January 1990. The money saved from deferring most of the project would be used to offset overruns in the cost of improvements at Penn Station, and for other projects. A $ 387 million renovation project began in 2001 and was completed in 2006. It was carried out in conjunction with the construction of AirTrain JFK 's terminal (the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey contributed $ 100 million toward

6426-420: The evening rush hour to bypass the station via the station's westbound tracks. The LIRR was in the process of planning improvements to the station's west to allow westbound express trains in the morning rush hour to run via the station's eastbound tracks. In September 1983, the LIRR announced that De Leuw, Cather & Company would complete a conceptual design for the construction of express bypass tracks through

6528-472: The financial and time constraints of Article VII filings. Electric generation facilities siting in New York is the responsibility of a multi-agency board called the Siting Board on Electric Generation Siting and the Environment. It reviews and certifies projects with proposed capabilities of 25 MWs or greater. Its board members are the heads of the Public Service Commission, the Department of Health ,

6630-432: The five platforms to make the station accessible, and an elevator between street level near the waiting room to the overpass. On September 11, 1989, the LIRR announced that it had dropped most of its planned reconstruction of Jamaica due to changes in commuting patterns and technology. $ 84 million would still be allocated for the construction of a pedestrian overpass and elevators, and for design and engineering work. Work on

6732-515: The fourth-most in the New York area behind Penn Station, Grand Central Terminal, and Secaucus Junction . The Jamaica station is located on an embankment above street level and contains six platforms and ten tracks for LIRR trains. A concourse above the LIRR platforms connects to a station on the AirTrain JFK elevated people mover to John F. Kennedy International Airport , which contains two tracks and one platform. There are also connections to

6834-476: The goods facilities are on the opposite side of the tracks from the station building. Intermediate stations also occur on some funicular and cable car routes. A halt , in railway parlance in the Commonwealth of Nations , Ireland and Portugal , is a small station, usually unstaffed or with very few staff, and with few or no facilities. In some cases, trains stop only on request , when passengers on

6936-488: The increased cost came from the addition of two years to the project, with some of the rest of the cost coming from underestimated labor and material costs. LIRR President Bruce McIver said that the initial timetable would have had too great of an impact on service performance. The project had been scheduled to start in 1988, but MTA President Robert Kiley said that he did not anticipate that the modified plans would be completed in time to start work then. On September 14, 1987, it

7038-401: The layout of the platforms. Apart from single-track lines, the most basic arrangement is a pair of tracks for the two directions; there is then a basic choice of an island platform between, two separate platforms outside the tracks ( side platforms ), or a combination of the two. With more tracks, the possibilities expand. Some stations have unusual platform layouts due to space constraints of

7140-417: The less developed KTM East Coast railway line to serve rural 'kampongs' (villages), that require train services to stay connected to important nodes, but do not have a need for staff. People boarding at halts who have not bought tickets online can buy it through staff on board. In rural and remote communities across Canada and the United States, passengers wanting to board the train at such places had to flag

7242-541: The loading and unloading of goods and may well have marshalling yards (classification yards) for the sorting of wagons. The world's first goods terminal was the 1830 Park Lane Goods Station at the South End Liverpool Docks. Built in 1830, the terminal was reached by a 1.24-mile (2 km) tunnel. As goods are increasingly moved by road, many former goods stations, as well as the goods sheds at passenger stations, have closed. Many are used purely for

7344-403: The main reception facilities being at the far end of the platforms. Sometimes the track continues for a short distance beyond the station, and terminating trains continue forward after depositing their passengers, before either proceeding to sidings or reversing to the station to pick up departing passengers. Bondi Junction , Australia and Kristiansand Station , Norway are examples. A terminus

7446-407: The middle of the station to allow trains bypassing the station to pass through at 45 miles per hour, instead of passing through at 15 miles per hour. In addition, a passenger overpass would be constructed. The project was expected to reduce travel times by two to seven minutes, increase capacity, allowing for increased rush hour service, and increase operating flexibility. The implementation of the plan

7548-492: The new Jamaica Station, the LIRR built a replacement along the Atlantic/Far Rockaway Branch southeast of the former SSRRLI depot. It was named "South Street station" and was located on what is today South Road between 157th and 159th Streets. Originally the site of the "SJ Tower," which was used to keep trolleys and trains from colliding with one another until the grade crossing was eliminated in 1913, it

7650-469: The new Jamaica station opened, residents of Jamaica were dissatisfied with its location; downtown Jamaica was centered around Union Hall Street, 0.6 miles (0.97 km) east of the new station at Sutphin Boulevard and Archer Avenue. The LIRR thus decided to add a new Union Hall Street station in 1913. (The Union Hall Street station closed on May 20, 1977.) After the merging of Beaver Street station with

7752-723: The new platform, was originally projected for January 2018. The completion date was later pushed back to July 2019, but as of March 2019, is planned to be finished in 2021 at a cost of $ 380 million. The platform itself was to be completed at the end of 2019, while the track and surrounding infrastructure would be completed in late 2020, and track interlockings would be completed by late 2021. The platform ultimately opened in February 2020 after several delays. Additional improvements, to cost over $ 1 billion, were to be constructed starting as early as 2022; designs for these improvements started in June 2017 and were scheduled to be completed in 2021. Jamaica

7854-816: The other. For instance, in Istanbul transfers from the Sirkeci Terminal (the European terminus) and the Haydarpaşa Terminal (the Asian terminus) historically required crossing the Bosphorus via alternative means, before the Marmaray railway tunnel linking Europe and Asia was completed. Some cities, including New York, have both termini and through lines. Terminals that have competing rail lines using

7956-474: The period show station stop as "Jamaica" for Atlantic Branch trains bound for Locust Avenue , Springfield , and Valley Stream , as "Old Southern Road" station. Between 1908 and 1913, the station stop was listed as "Jamaica (Beaver Street)." Jamaica–Beaver Street station was razed with the grade elimination in 1913. No trace of the Jamaica–Beaver Street station exists today. The present Jamaica station

8058-596: The platform indicate that they wish to board, or passengers on the train inform the crew that they wish to alight. These can sometimes appear with signals and sometimes without. The Great Western Railway in Great Britain began opening haltes on 12 October 1903; from 1905, the French spelling was Anglicised to "halt". These GWR halts had the most basic facilities, with platforms long enough for just one or two carriages; some had no raised platform at all, necessitating

8160-460: The platforms. Until the completion of East Side Access in 2023, multiple trains bound for different terminals were scheduled to arrive at Jamaica simultaneously (westbound on tracks 1, 2, and 3; eastbound on tracks 6, 7, and 8) and accommodate quick cross-platform transfers. Connections are no longer built into the schedule as of February 27, 2023, resulting in varying transfer times, and most Brooklyn trains require an up-and-over connection via one of

8262-563: The potential to cause service disruptions has historically depended upon media coverage, administrative agendas, the number of customers impacted, and the severity to which customers are impacted. Prior to large storms and other weather disturbances, the commission will send staff to the State Office of Emergency Management bunker located in the New York State Police headquarters to report on electric outage numbers during

8364-600: The project). The project had two goals. Passenger-oriented renovations included new platforms and a pedestrian bridge, a central elevator bank linking the LIRR to the street and to the Sutphin Boulevard subway station , a new mezzanine connecting to AirTrain and a new steel and glass canopy over the elevated tracks. The focal point of the project was the Jamaica Control Center, built by Tishman Construction Corporation and Bechtel . The JCC houses

8466-469: The provision of steps on the carriages. Halts were normally unstaffed, tickets being sold on the train. On 1 September 1904, a larger version, known on the GWR as a "platform" instead of a "halt", was introduced; these had longer platforms, and were usually staffed by a senior grade porter, who sold tickets and sometimes booked parcels or milk consignments. From 1903 to 1947 the GWR built 379 halts and inherited

8568-467: The rest of the AirTrain JFK system. The station was designed by Voorsanger Architects, and was done in a manner which would make passengers feel as if they had already arrived at the airport, as one of two "gateway stations" (the other being Howard Beach ). During the system's planning process, the station was originally designated Station D . New York City Subway : Train station Locations at which passengers only occasionally board or leave

8670-405: The station entrance and platforms are on the same level, is also common, but is perhaps rarer in urban areas , except when the station is a terminus. Stations located at level crossings can be problematic if the train blocks the roadway while it stops, causing road traffic to wait for an extended period of time. Stations also exist where the station buildings are above the tracks. An example of this

8772-477: The station frequently set up a jointly owned terminal railroad to own and operate the station and its associated tracks and switching operations. During a journey, the term station stop may be used in announcements, to differentiate halts during which passengers may alight and halts for another reasons, such as a locomotive change . While a junction or interlocking usually divides two or more lines or routes, and thus has remotely or locally operated signals ,

8874-567: The station location, or the alignment of the tracks. Examples include staggered platforms, such as at Tutbury and Hatton railway station on the Crewe–Derby line , and curved platforms, such as Cheadle Hulme railway station on the Macclesfield to Manchester Line. Stations at junctions can also have unusual shapes – a Keilbahnhof (or "wedge-shaped" station) is sited where two lines split. Triangular stations also exist where two lines form

8976-493: The station's overpasses (having been guaranteed and cross-platform prior to the schedule change). The main entrance to the station, where tickets may be purchased and where waiting areas are located, is a 100-year-old building that also serves as the offices and headquarters of the Long Island Rail Road Company. The Jamaica AirTrain JFK station , located in an enclosed glass structure to the south of

9078-423: The station. As part of the $ 2.1 million contract, De Leuw would complete a conceptional design by September 1984, with final design and engineering to be completed by September 1985. The project, which would also study the consolidation of towers into a master tower, was intended to increase capacity and reduce train congestion. In 1986, the LIRR announced a $ 209 million renovation to the station complex to alleviate

9180-557: The street to underground rapid-transit urban rail stations. In many African, South American, and Asian countries, stations are also used as a place for public markets and other informal businesses. This is especially true on tourist routes or stations near tourist destinations . As well as providing services for passengers and loading facilities for goods, stations can sometimes have locomotive and rolling stock depots, usually with facilities for storing and refuelling rolling stock and carrying out minor repairs. The basic configuration of

9282-442: The train down to stop it, hence the name " flag stops " or "flag stations". Accessibility for disabled people is mandated by law in some countries. Considerations include: In the United Kingdom, rail operators will arrange alternative transport (typically a taxi ) at no extra cost to the ticket holder if the station they intend to travel to or from is inaccessible. Goods or freight stations deal exclusively or predominantly with

9384-618: The world was Crown Street railway station in Liverpool, England , built in 1830, on the locomotive-hauled Liverpool to Manchester line. The station was slightly older than the still extant Liverpool Road railway station terminal in Manchester. The station was the first to incorporate a train shed . Crown Street station was demolished in 1836, as the Liverpool terminal station moved to Lime Street railway station . Crown Street station

9486-591: Was The Mount in Swansea , Wales, on the Oystermouth (later the Swansea and Mumbles ) Railway. The world's oldest station for engined trains was at Heighington , on the Stockton and Darlington railway in north-east England built by George Stephenson in the early 19th century, operated by locomotive Locomotion No. 1 . The station opened in 1827 and was in use until the 1970s. The building, Grade II*-listed ,

9588-509: Was also increased for trains on the Atlantic Branch; trains run about every 8–9 minutes during rush hours and every 20 minutes during off-peak hours. However, the project has been criticized (both during construction and following the implementation of service changes) because it eliminated most direct service from Long Island to Brooklyn, thereby increasing commute time between the two destinations. Completion of Phase I, which includes

9690-527: Was announced that the cost of the project was increased further to $ 342.5 million. The plan for the project was split in two sections, with one in the 1987–1991 Capital Program, and the other in the 1992–1996 Capital Program. The first phase, which was slated to begin in 1988 and be completed by 1994 and would cost $ 192.5 million, would construct a new master control tower and a rider overpass, and install new signals and switches. The second phase, which would cost $ 150 million, would move platforms to provide space for

9792-534: Was built by the South Side Railroad of Long Island on the Atlantic Branch . It opened on October 28, 1867. It was razed in 1871 and replaced on Christmas Day of the same year. When the LIRR acquired the SSRRLI in 1867, the depot was moved to the south side of Beaver Street crossing on a stub track. Low platforms for this station stop were located on the north side of Beaver Street crossing. Timetables of

9894-537: Was built on November 15, 1917. Due to the close proximity to Jamaica Station, the New York Public Service Commission granted them permission to close the station on March 28, 1922. It was finally closed in June of that year. On August 15, 1955, LIRR officials announced that it would install a complicated arrangement of signals and switches to the east of the station within two weeks for nearly $ 100,000 to allow eastbound express trains in

9996-526: Was called a "rail motor stopping place" (RMSP). Usually situated near a level crossing , it was often designated solely by a sign beside the railway. The passenger could hail the driver to stop, and could buy a ticket from the train guard or conductor. In South Australia, such facilities were called "provisional stopping places". They were often placed on routes on which "school trains" (services conveying children from rural localities to and from school) operated. In West Malaysia , halts are commonplace along

10098-627: Was converted to a goods station terminal. The first stations had little in the way of buildings or amenities. The first stations in the modern sense were on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway , opened in 1830. Manchester's Liverpool Road Station , the second oldest terminal station in the world, is preserved as part of the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester . It resembles a row of Georgian houses. Early stations were sometimes built with both passenger and freight facilities, though some railway lines were goods-only or passenger-only, and if

10200-519: Was designed by Kenneth M. Murchison and built between 1912 and 1913 as a replacement for the two former stations in Jamaica. Both former stations were discontinued as station stops. The 1912–13 "Jamaica Improvement" was the final step in consolidating the branch lines of the LIRR. To the west of the station, Jay Interlocking was built, and to the east, Hall Interlocking was constructed. These interlockings allowed any line to reach any other line, allowing easy transfers between lines at Jamaica station. When

10302-519: Was in bad condition, but was restored in 1984 as an inn. The inn closed in 2017; in 2024 there were plans to renovate the derelict station in time for the 200th anniversary of the opening of the railway line. The two-storey Mount Clare station in Baltimore , Maryland , United States, which survives as a museum, first saw passenger service as the terminus of the horse-drawn Baltimore and Ohio Railroad on 22 May 1830. The oldest terminal station in

10404-574: Was scheduled in eleven separate phases. The plan would have rebuilt six miles of tracks on the Main Line between the Van Wyck Expressway and Bellerose, and construct a new southern platform. On July 13, 1987, LIRR officials announced that the station renovation would take two years longer than the initial plan, with completion now scheduled for 1993, and that the project's budget was increased from $ 213 million to $ 320 million. A third of

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