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55-1219: Jamnia may refer to: Yavne , city in the Central District of Israel adjacent to the ancient site Council of Jamnia , a hypothetical Jewish council in the 1st century CE Yibna , the former Arab village at Tel Yavne Jamnith (Jamnia in Galilee), ancient city in Upper Galilee, now ruin Jamnia Jagir , former estate in the Bhopawar Agency of British India See also [ edit ] Gan Yavne , town in Israel Hevel Yavne Regional Council , administrative unit in southern Israel Kerem Yavne , youth village and yeshiva in Israel Kvutzat Yavne , religious kibbutz in Israel Topics referred to by

110-694: A juglet by the Israeli Antiquities Authority . According to archaeologist Robert Kool, the coins date back to the early Abbasid period , about 9th century CE. One of the seven coins was minted by Caliph Harun al-Rashid (786–809 CE). "These are gold dinars issued by the Aghlabid dynasty that ruled in North Africa. Without a doubt this is a wonderful Hanukkah present for us," said Kool. In August 2020, Israeli archaeologists discovered 425 complete gold coins, most dating to

165-465: A forward post by Yigal Alon , commander of the southern front, because of its commanding view of the coastal plain. Yavne was estabilished in October 1948 as a transit camp for Jews from Arab countries, Iran and Europe. The first neighbourhood was established in early 1949. In the early years, the inhabitants were shopkeepers, farmers and construction workers. In 1953, the population was 1,600. In

220-561: A hill and inhabited by Samaritans . The geographer al-Maqdisi , writing around 985, said that "Yubna has a beautiful mosque . From this place come the excellent figs known by the name of Damascene ." The geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi wrote that in Yubna there was a tomb said to be that of Abu Hurayra , a Companion of the Prophet . The author of the Marasid also adds that tomb seen here

275-618: A hill. It had olive trees and corn to the north, and gardens nearby. In 1921, an elementary school for boys was founded in Yibna. By 1941-42 it had 445 students. A school for girls was founded in 1943, and by 1948 it had 44 students. In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Yibna had a population of 1,791; all Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census to 3,600, of whom all were Muslims except for seven Christians, two Jews and one Baháʼí , living in

330-478: A late Bronze Age occupation. A large Philistine favissa (deposit of cultic artifacts) was discovered on Temple Hill. Two excavation seasons in the 2000s led by Professor Dan Bahat revealed some Iron Age remains. Pottery sherds of the Iron Age and Persian period were discovered at the surface of the tell. In Roman times, the city was known as Iamnia , also spelled Jamnia . It was bequeathed by Herod

385-462: A population of 5,420 in 1948, located 15 kilometers southwest of Ramla . Most of the population fled after the fall of al-Qubeiba and Zarnuqa in late May, but armed males were forced back. Israeli Occupation forces took the town on June 5 and expelled the remaining population. It is a significant site for post-biblical Jewish history, as it was the location of the Council of Jamnia , considered

440-623: A special place in Jewish history because of the ancient town's contribution to Judaism 's recovery and reconstitution under sages ben Zakkai and Gamaliel II following the destruction of the Second Temple . This period, sometimes known as the "Yavne period", became a crucial mark in the development of Rabbinic Judaism . The city has a history of producing wine throughout much of antiquity, as indicated by both archeological findings and ancient sources. In many English translations of

495-451: A total of 794 houses. In 1941, Kibbutz Yavne was established nearby by refugees from Germany, followed by a Youth Aliyah village, Givat Washington , in 1946. In 1944-45 , Yibna had a population of 5,400 Muslims and 20 Christians, while the total land area was 59,554 dunams , according to an official land and population survey. In addition there were 1,500 nomads living around the village. A total of 6,468 dunams of village land

550-452: A unique product for the treatment of severe burns. It allows saving affected tissue which would otherwise need to be removed, leading to less amputations of hands and feet. Many October 7, 2023 victims have benefitted from it, with the US also buying $ 20 million worth of NexoBrid for its strategic national stockpile. In 2012 a new green neighborhood "Neot Rabin" was inaugurated in the south of

605-457: Is also said to be that of Abd Allah ibn Sa'd , another Companion of the Prophet. In 2007, remains ranging from the early Islamic period until the British Mandate period were uncovered. An additional kiln, and part of a commercial/industrial area were uncovered at the west of the tell in 2009. The Crusaders called the city Ibelin and built a castle there in 1141. Two excavation seasons led by Professor Dan Bahat starting in 2005 revealed

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660-404: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Yavne Modern Yavne was established in 1949 after the local Palestinian population was expelled or fled. It is located near the ruins of the ancient town of Yibna (known also as Jamnia and Jabneh), later the village of Yibna , and today the archeological site of Tel Yavne. Ancient Yavne holds

715-504: Is mentioned in the Bible and other ancient texts. In Roman times, the city was known as Iamnia or Jamnia . It was bequeathed by King Herod upon his death to his sister Salome . Upon her death it passed to Emperor Augustus , who ran it as a private imperial estate , a status retained for at least a century. After Salome's death, Iamnia came into the property of Livia , the future Roman empress, and then to her son Tiberius . In

770-435: The nahiya (subdistrict) of Gaza , part of the liwa' (district) of Gaza , with a population of 129 households, an estimated 710 persons, all Muslims. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on a number of crops, including wheat, barley, summer crops, sesame seeds and fruits, as well as goats, beehives and vineyards; a total of 34,000 akçe . Three quarters of the revenues went to a waqf (religious endowment). In

825-516: The French campaign in Egypt and Syria in 1799, it was shown on the map that Pierre Jacotin compiled that year as 'Ebneh'. An American missionary, William Thomson , who visited Yibna in 1834, described it as a village on hill inhabited by 3,000 Muslims who worked in agriculture. He wrote that an inscription on the mosque indicated that it had been built in 1386, while Denys Pringle indicates 1337 as

880-729: The Holy of Holies at the Temple of Jerusalem . Iamnia played a role in several events during the First Jewish–Roman War . In 66 AD, the Roman tribune Neapolitanus met with King Agrippa II in Iamnia, to inform him of his mission to investigate the situation in Jerusalem, following Florus ' seizure of Temple funds and clashes between Jews and Roman troops . Later, in spring 68 AD, after

935-601: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and later in the Kingdom of Cyprus . Salvage excavations at the west of the tell unearthed a stash of 53 Crusader coins of the 12th and 13th centuries. The Islamic historian al-Baladhuri (died 892 AD) describes Yibna as one of ten towns in Jund Filastin conquered by the Rashidun army led by 'Amr ibn al-'As in the early 7th century. Ibelin was first sacked by Saladin before his army

990-403: The 1960s, several enterprises moved from Tel Aviv to Yavne, establishing leather, textile, and metallurgy industries. By 1970, the population had grown to 10,100. Other Israeli villages were founded on Yibna land were Kfar HaNagid and Beit Gamliel in 1949, Ben Zakai in 1950, Kfar Aviv (originally: "Kfar HaYeor") in 1951, Tzofiyya in 1955. According to Walid Khalidi , a railroad crosses

1045-631: The 40s AD, a dispute emerged in Jamnia when Gentiles constructed a mud-brick altar to the Emperor, provoking the local Jewish population. The Jews destroyed the altar, which they saw as desecration. This led the Gentiles to complain to Capito, the imperial revenue collector in Judaea , who reported the matter to Emperor Caligula . In retaliation, Caligula ordered a statue of himself as Jupiter to be placed in

1100-649: The Abbasid period around 1,100 years ago. In April 2021, archaeologists announced the discovery of a 1,600-year-old multicolored mosaic dated back to the Byzantine period in an industrial area. According to IAA archaeologist Elie Haddad, it was the first time that excavators revealed a colored mosaic floor in Yavne. The ancient harbour of Yavne, Yavne-Yam (in Arabic Minet Rubin ) was identified on

1155-563: The Bible, Yavne was known as Jabneh / ˈ dʒ æ b n ə / . In Greek and Latin-speaking sources, it was known as Jamnia ( Ancient Greek : Ἰαμνία Iamníā ; Latin : Iamnia ). Under Late Roman and Byzantine rule , it had a mixed population of Christians , Jews, and Samaritans . Under the Crusaders , the city was known as Ibelin , and was where the House of Ibelin resided. During

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1210-456: The Great upon his death to his sister Salome I . Upon her death, it passed to the Roman emperor Augustus , who managed it as a private imperial estate , a status it was to maintain for at least a century. After Salome's death, Iamnia came into the property of Livia , the future Roman empress, and then to her son Tiberius . During the First Jewish–Roman War , when the Roman army had quelled

1265-771: The IDF in 1950. The Mausoleum of Abu Huraira , known in Arabic as Maqam Abu Hurayra, described as "one of the finest domed mausoleums in Palestine", dates back to the 12th century. It was said to be the tomb of Abu Hurairah , a companion ( sahaba ) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad . Abu Hurairah however is buried in Medina , Saudi Arabia , but he was also venerated in various places in Palestine, namely in Ramle and Yavne. After 1948

1320-572: The Iraqi village commander was arrested by the British authorities for the drunken shooting of two Arabs. During the 1948 Arab-Israeli war , residents of Zarnuqa sought refuge in Yibna, but left after Yibna's inhabitants accused them of being traitors. On 27 May, following the fall of nearby al-Qubayba and Zarnuqa , most of the population of Yibna fled to Isdud , but Yibna's armed males were forced back to Yibna by Isdud 's militiamen. According to

1375-481: The Iraqi village commander was arrested in Jaffa for drunkenly shooting two Arabs. During the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, residents of Zarnuqa sought refuge in Yibna, but left after the villagers accused them of being traitors. On 27 May, following the fall of Al-Qubayba and Zarnuqa , most of the population of Yibna fled to Isdud , but armed males were refused entry. On 5 June, when Israeli troops arrived, they found

1430-614: The Ottoman and British periods, it was known as Yibna ( Arabic : يبنى ). The ancient site is now found at the Tel Yavne archeological site, which is southeast of the modern city. Yavne was one of the major ancient cities in the southern coastal plain , situated 20 km (12.43 mi) south of Jaffa , 15 km (9.32 mi) north of Ashdod , and 7 km (4.35 mi) east of the Mediterranean . From excavations of

1485-475: The Roman army under Vespasian quelled the insurrection in Galilee , the army marched upon Iamnia and Azotus , taking both towns and stationing garrisons within them. Following the failure of the revolt and the destruction of the Second Temple , Judaism underwent significant reform in Yavne. According to rabbinic tradition, Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai and his disciples were permitted to settle in Iamnia during

1540-468: The Talmud states that Shmuel ha-Katan of Yavne enacted the " twelfth benediction " in the daily prayer , i.e., the benediction against apostates and heretics ( Hebrew : minim ). The Crusaders renamed the city Ibelin and built its castle there in 1141. An excavation led by Professor Dan Bahat in 2005 revealed the main gate. Its namesake noble family, the House of Ibelin , was important in

1595-531: The ancient tell (mound created by accumulation of archaeological remains) known as Tel Yavne (Hebrew), which developed on a natural kurkar hill, the area shows to have been inhabited continuously from either the Bronze or Iron Age until the British Mandate . During some periods, especially the Byzantine period, the settlement expanded to cover part of the plain and hills surrounding the tell. Yavne

1650-529: The besieging Roman forces, for the right to settle in Yavne and teach his disciples. Upon the fall of Jerusalem, his school functioned as a re-establishment of the Sanhedrin . Byzantine period finds from excavations include an aqueduct east of the tell, and a kiln. The world's largest wine factory from the Byzantine period has been uncovered by Israeli archaeologists, after a two-year excavation process;

1705-553: The birthplace of modern Rabbinic Judaism. It is also significant in the history of the Crusades , as the location of the House of Ibelin . In many English translations of the Bible, it is known as Yavne or Jabneh / ˈ dʒ æ b n ə / . In classical antiquity , it was known as Jamnia ( Koinē Greek : Ἰαμνία , romanized:  Iamníā ; Latin : Iamnia ); to the Crusaders as Ibelin ; and before 1948, as Yibna. ( Arabic : يبنا ) Based on written sources and archaeology,

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1760-631: The city. Maccabi Yavne is the city's major football club. During the 1980s the club played in the top division and in 1985 won the Toto Cup . Today they are in Liga Leumit . The basketball team, Elitzur Yavne , have also played in the Liga Leumit (basketball) since 2007. Omri Casspi, the first Israeli to play in the National Basketball Association, grew up in the city and played for some of its teams. Tel Yavne

1815-588: The coast. Excavations have revealed fortification going back to the Bronze Age Hyksos . It was in use from the Middle Bronze Age until the 12th century CE, when it was abandoned. 2 Maccabees 12:8–9 refers to the burning of the harbour and its fleet on the direction of Judas Maccabeus . In 2022, a sling bullet was discovered with the Greek inscription "Victory of Heracles and Hauronas",

1870-538: The construction year of the minaret. In 1838, Yibna was noted as a Muslim village in the Gaza district. An Ottoman village list from 1870 found that Yibna had a population of 1,042 living in 348 houses, although this number only counted adult males. In 1882, the Palestine Exploration Fund 's Survey of Western Palestine described Yibna as a large village partly built of stone and situated on

1925-605: The history of Yavneh/Jabneh/Yibna goes back to the Iron Age and possibly to the Bronze Age . The Hebrew Bible mentions Yavneh repeatedly, as does Josephus . For more see Yavne . Salvage excavations carried out in 2001 by the Israel Antiquities Authority uncovered several burials at the northern foot of the original tell. Most of the burials are dated to the later Iron Age . One burial points to

1980-555: The importance of its wine was exemplified by its use by emperor Justin II in 566 at his table during his coronation feast. The historian al-Baladhuri (d. 892 CE) mentioned Yibna as one of ten towns in Jund Filastin conquered by the Rashidun army led by Amr ibn al-As during the Muslim conquest of the Levant . The 9th-century historian Ya'qubi wrote that it was an ancient city built on

2035-410: The insurrection in Galilee , the army then marched upon Iamnia and Azotus , taking both towns and stationing garrisons within them. According to rabbinic tradition, the tanna Yohanan ben Zakkai and his disciples were permitted to settle in Iamnia during the outbreak of the war, after Zakkai, realizing that Jerusalem was about to fall, sneaked out of the city and asked Vespasian , the commander of

2090-461: The main gate. Its namesake noble family, the house of Ibelin , was important in the Kingdom of Jerusalem and later in the Kingdom of Cyprus . Salvage excavations at the west of the tell unearthed a stash of 53 Crusader coins of the 12th and 13th centuries. Ibelin was first sacked by Saladin before his army was comprehensively routed at the Battle of Montgisard in late 1177. In August 1187, it

2145-473: The mid-1990s, the population had risen to 25,600. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), in 2021 the ethnic makeup of the city was 99 percent Jewish and others, without significant Arab population. As of March 2021 the city numbered 53,595 persons, with a high percentage of young people: 37% of the population was in the 0–19 age group and 71% of the total population

2200-636: The official history, the Israeli Givati Brigade was interested in evacuating the village. On June 5, after a brief firefight, they took the village and found it deserted apart from a few old people who were expelled. Refugees fleeing the village were fired at 'to increase [their] panic.' After 1948, a number of Israeli villages were founded on Yibna's land: Kfar HaNagid and Beit Gamliel in 1949, Ben Zakai in 1950, Kfar Aviv (originally: "Kfar HaYeor") in 1951, and Tzofiyya in 1955. Archaeological excavations have revealed that part of

2255-408: The outbreak of the war, after ben Zakkai, realizing that Jerusalem was about to fall, departed the city and sought the permission of Vespasian , commander of the Roman forces, to settle in Yavne and teach his disciples. Upon the fall of Jerusalem , his school functioned as a Sanhedrin . It is was also theorized for some time to have been the site of a supposed Council of Jamnia that established

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2310-473: The pre-1948 Arab village at Yibna was built on top of a Byzantine-period cemetery and refuse pits. Palestinian artist Sliman Mansour made Yibna the subject of one of his paintings. The work, named for the village, was one of a series of four on destroyed Palestinian villages that he produced in 1988 in order to resist the cancellation of Palestinian history; the others being Yalo , Imwas and Bayt Dajan . The harbour of ancient Yavneh has been identified on

2365-518: The rabbinic Jewish biblical canon (although current scholarship largely rejects the theory that such a council in fact occurred). According to the Jerusalem Talmud ( Berakhot 1:4), when the rabbis argued over some fine point of Jewish law, a Divine voice ( Hebrew : bat ḳol ) was heard in Yavne, ruling in favor of the School of Hillel . To counter a perceived threat to rabbinical authority,

2420-448: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Jamnia . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamnia&oldid=1209558416 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

2475-423: The shrine was adopted by Mizrahi Jews who believe the tomb is the burial place of Rabbi Gamaliel of Yavne . Jewish worshippers say that it was a Jewish burial site that was Islamized later, although there is no record of Jewish pilgrimage there before 1948. In mid-March 1948, a contingent of Iraqi soldiers moved into the village. In a Haganah reprisal on 30 March, two dozen villagers were killed. On April 21,

2530-582: The two gods were the patrons of the city during the Hellenistic period . Yavne is twinned with: Tel Yavne Yibna ( Arabic : يبنا ; Jabneh or Jabneel in Biblical times; Jamnia in Roman times; Ibelin to the Crusaders ), or Tel Yavne , is an archaeological site and depopulated Palestinian town . The ruins are located southeast of the modern Israeli city of Yavne . The town had

2585-547: The village almost deserted apart from a few old people who were ordered to leave. In the 1930s, a plan was proposed to rebuild the ancient Talmudic academy founded by Yochanan Ben Zakkai. In 1941, an agreement was reached between the Jewish National Fund and the Mizrachi/Hapoel Mizrachi movements, allocating five hundred dunams in Yavne area for a yeshiva. In 1948, the building was used as

2640-533: The village. The old mosque and minaret , together with a shrine can still be seen, and some of the old houses are inhabited by Jewish and Arab families. The 1980 edition of a guidebook published in Jerusalem describes Yavne as home to Israel's first atomic reactor, an image of which appeared on a 0.50 Shekel stamp. When Mayor Meir Sheetrit assumed office in 1974, the city became a low-density suburban satellite of Tel Aviv with new construction targeting middle-class families. Yavne achieved city status in 1986. By

2695-509: Was routed at the Battle of Montgisard in late 1177. In August 1187, it was retaken and burnt to the ground, and ceased for some time to form part of the Crusaders' kingdom. Ibelin's parish church was converted into a mosque , to which a minaret was added during the Mamluk period in 1337. The minaret is still standing, although the mosque itself (the former Crusader church) was blown up by

2750-536: Was a key site along the Cairo—Damascus road, which served as a center for rural religious and economic life. Ibelin's parish church was converted into a mosque, to which a minaret was added during the Mamluk period in 1337. The minaret survives until today, while the mosque (the former Crusader church) was blown up by the Israeli army in 1950. The Mausoleum of Abu Huraira , a maqam (religious shrine), in Yibna

2805-489: Was described as "one of the finest domed mausoleums in Palestine". The site has been considered by Muslims as the tomb of Abu Huraira since the 12th century. After Israel's capture of Yibna in 1948, the shrine was taken over by Sephardic Jews who consider the tomb as the burial place of Rabbi Gamaliel of Yavne . The village became part of the Ottoman Empire in 1517. In the 1596 Ottoman tax registers, it fell under

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2860-536: Was first excavated in 2005 in a dig headed by Dan Bahat , who unearthed the gate room of the Crusader castle of Ibelin, as well as a vault destroyed with gunpowder by the Mamluks and deeply embedded Crusader walls east of it, all at or around the top of the tell. In December 2019, a large number of pottery kilns and 1,200-year-old gold coins which may have been a Palestinian potter's " piggy bank " were unearthed in

2915-565: Was retaken by Saladin and burned down, and ceased for some time to form part of the Crusaders' kingdom. The Jewish traveler Benjamin of Tudela (1130–1173) identified Jamnia ( Jabneh ) of classical writers with the Ibelin of the Crusades. He places the ancient city of Jamnia at three parasangs from Jaffa and two from Ashdod ( Azotus ). During the Mamluk period (13th–16th centuries), Yibna

2970-512: Was used for citrus and bananas, 15,124 were used for cereals, 11,091 were irrigated or used for orchards, of which 25 were planted with olive trees, while 127 dunams were classified as built-up areas. Yibna was in the territory allotted to the Jewish state under the 1947 UN Partition Plan . In mid-March 1948, a contingent of Iraqi volunteers moved into the village. In a Haganah reprisal on March 30, two dozen villagers were killed. On April 21,

3025-432: Was younger than 44. Major companies based in Yavne include Ormat Industries , Aeronautics Defense Systems , Avisar and Orbotech . In 2019, Merck established an incubator in Yavne with a budget of about €20 million over three years that will invest in startups focusing on semiconductor and display crystal technologies. In 2022 Recipharm established a new facility in Yavne. MediWound manufactures NexoBrid in Yavne,

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