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53-509: The Japan Automobile Federation ( 一般社団法人日本自動車連盟 , Nihonjidōsharenmei ) is an automobile association based in Minato , Tokyo . Founded in 1963, the main purpose of the organization is to handle various businesses related to automobiles, and to protect the interests of owners and drivers in Japan. As of 2021, the organization has 19.9 million members. It is the only organization in Japan that

106-464: A population density of 10,850 persons per km . The total area is 20.37 km . Known as one of Tokyo's largest business areas, Minato is home to the headquarters of many large domestic companies, including Honda , Mitsubishi Motors Corporation , NEC , Nikon , SoftBank Group , Sony and Fujitsu . Minato is also known for being one of the wealthiest residential areas in Japan, and for its relatively high concentration of foreign expats due to

159-399: A " catch-all " party. The LDP members hold a variety of positions that could be broadly defined as being to the right of main opposition parties. Many of its ministers, including former Prime Ministers Fumio Kishida , Yoshihide Suga and Shinzo Abe , are/were affiliated with the parliamentary league of Nippon Kaigi , a far-right ultraconservative lobby group. In Japanese politics,

212-552: A clear majority in the lower house general election on 16 December 2012 after just over three years in opposition. Shinzo Abe became Prime Minister for the second time preceded by Yoshihiko Noda who was the leader of the DPJ. In July 2015, the party pushed for expanded military powers to fight in foreign conflict through Shinzo Abe and the support of Komeito . Yoshihide Suga took over from Shinzo Abe in September 2020 after

265-523: A coalition government with the New Komeito Party . Shinzo Abe succeeded then-Prime Minister Junichirō Koizumi as the president of the party on 20 September 2006 . The party suffered a major defeat in the election of 2007, however, and lost its majority in the upper house for the first time in its history. The LDP remained the largest party in both houses of the Diet , until 29 July 2007, when

318-488: A locus for matching interest group money and votes with bureaucratic power and expertise. This arrangement resulted in corruption, but the party could claim credit for helping to create economic growth and a stable, middle-class Japan. Despite winning the 1986 general election by a landslide, by the end of 1980s, the LDP started to suffer setbacks in elections due to unpopular policies on trade liberalisation and tax, as well as

371-584: A majority was formed by 1955. It would hold majority government until 1993. The LDP began with reforming Japan's international relations , ranging from entry into the United Nations, to establishing diplomatic ties with the Soviet Union . Its leaders in the 1950s also made the LDP the main government party, and in all the elections of the 1950s, the LDP won the majority vote, with the only other opposition coming from left-wing politics , made up of

424-576: A scandal involving their leader Sōsuke Uno and the Recruit scandal . The party lost its majority in the House of Councillors for the first time in 34 years in the 1989 election . The LDP managed to hold on to power in 1990 Japanese general election despite some losses. In June 1993, 10 members of the party's liberal-conservative faction split to form the New Party Sakigake . The end of

477-580: A three-way race . After Suga declined to run for re-election, successor Fumio Kishida led the party to a victory in the October 2021 Japanese general election after a four-way race , defying expectations. Despite support dropping in 2022 after the assassination of Shinzo Abe over connections between various party members and the Unification Church, the party had a good showing in the 2023 Japanese unified local elections , winning over half of

530-521: A three-way race, becoming only the second LDP leader who was not simultaneously prime minister. The party's support continued to decline, with prime ministers changing rapidly, and in the 2009 House of Representatives elections the LDP lost its majority, winning only 118 seats, marking the only time they would be out of the majority other than a brief period in 1993. Since that time, numerous party members have left to join other parties or form new ones, including Your Party ( みんなの党 , Minna no Tō ) ,

583-602: Is a major conservative and nationalist political party in Japan. Since its foundation in 1955, the LDP has been in power almost continuously—a period called the 1955 System —except between 1993 and 1994, and again from 2009 to 2012. The LDP was formed in 1955 as a merger of two conservative parties, the Liberal Party and the Japan Democratic Party , and was initially led by prime minister Ichirō Hatoyama . The LDP supported Japan's alliance with

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636-577: Is a member of the FIA . The JAF's main businesses are road and repair services, as well as the Super Formula Championship , Super GT and other various motor sports events held in Japan. Previously, drift competitions were not under the jurisdiction, but official recognition began in 2013, and some of the existing drift competition series such as Drift Muscle are under the jurisdiction of JAF. In addition to issuing international numbers,

689-483: Is usually associated with conservatism, Japanese nationalism and being on the political right of the political spectrum . The LDP has been described as a variety of disparate ideologies such as conservative-liberal , liberal-conservative , social-conservative , ultranationalist , and ultraconservative . The party though has not espoused a well-defined, unified ideology or political philosophy , due to its long-term government, and has been described as

742-428: The 2009 general election , the LDP was roundly defeated, winning only 118 seats—easily the worst defeat of a sitting government in modern Japanese history, and also the first real transfer of political power in the post-war era. Accepting responsibility for this severe defeat, Aso announced his resignation as LDP president on election night. Sadakazu Tanigaki was elected leader of the party on 28 September 2009 , after

795-498: The 2017 general election , the Constitutional Democratic Party (CDP) has been its primary opponent in national politics. The LDP is often described as a big tent conservative party, including factions that range from moderate conservatism to right-wing nationalism . Although lacking a cohesive political ideology, the party's platform has historically supported increased defense spending and, since

848-539: The Liberal Party ( 自由党 , Jiyutō , 1950–1955, led by Taketora Ogata ) and the Japan Democratic Party ( 日本民主党 , Nihon Minshutō , 1954–1955, led by Ichirō Hatoyama ) , both conservative parties, as a united front against the then popular Japan Socialist Party ( 日本社会党 , Nipponshakaitō ) , now the Social Democratic Party ( 社会民主党 , Shakaiminshutō ) . The party won the following elections, and Japan's first conservative government with

901-654: The Satō–Kishi–Abe family . For the majority of the 1960s, the LDP (and Japan) were led by Eisaku Satō , beginning with the hosting of the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, and ending in 1972 with Japanese neutrality in the Vietnam War and with the beginning of the Japanese asset price bubble . By the end of the 1970s, the LDP went into its decline, where even though it held the reins of government many scandals plagued

954-590: The Sunrise Party of Japan ( たちあがれ日本 , Tachiagare Nippon ) and the New Renaissance Party ( 新党改革 , Shintō Kaikaku ) . The party had some success in the 2010 House of Councilors election , netting 13 additional seats and denying the DPJ a majority. Abe became the president again in September 2012 after a five-way race. The LDP returned to power with its ally New Komeito after winning

1007-426: The 21st century, maintaining close relations with its Indo-Pacific allies to counter the rise of China as a superpower. The party's history and internal composition has been characterized by intense factionalism among its members since its emergence in 1955. The incumbent party president is Shigeru Ishiba , since 27 September 2024. The LDP was formed in 1955 as a merger between two of Japan's political parties,

1060-778: The 2260 prefectural assembly seats being contested and six governorship positions. From 18 to 19 January 2024, following a scandal involving failure to report and misuse of ¥600 million in campaign funds by members of the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan's conservative Seiwa Seisaku Kenkyūkai and Shisuikai factions in violation of Japanese campaign finance and election law, three factions (Seiwa Seisaku Kenkyūkai, Shisuikai, in addition to PM Kishida's Kōchikai ) all announced their intention to dissolve entirely in hopes of restoring public trust. Several LDP lawmakers were indicted, including incumbent lawmakers Yasutada Ōno and Yaichi Tanigawa , who both resigned from

1113-1054: The Air China Building in Minato. Asiana Airlines operates a sales office on the sixth floor of the ATT New Tower Building. Hawaiian Airlines has its Japan offices in the Eagle Hamamatsuchō Building ( イーグル浜松町ビル , Īguru Hamamatsuchō Biru ) in Minato. Iran Air has its Tokyo office in Akasaka. Japanese companies that formerly had headquarters in Minato include Air Next , Airtransse , Asatsu , Jaleco Holding , Ricoh , Toa Domestic Airlines (later Japan Air System and later Japan Air Lines), On 22 December 2008 operations of Seiko Epson 's Tokyo sales office began at Seiko Epson's Hino Office in Hino, Tokyo . Previously operations were at

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1166-465: The JAF is the only organization in Japan to recognize the legal effect of foreign language translation documents required for switching to a foreign driver's license. Besides services for members, they are also engaged in activities to raise awareness of traffic safety and global environmental conservation issues, and to request activities to revise the automobile tax system. At one point, it was reported that

1219-416: The JAF was considering entering the doctor helicopter business in 2010, but eventually they decided against entering it. Instead, it contributes support to the existing emergency helicopter management organization. Minato, Tokyo Minato was formed in 1947 as a merger of Akasaka , Azabu and Shiba wards following Tokyo City 's transformation into Tokyo Metropolis . The modern Minato ward exhibits

1272-853: The Japan Socialist Party and the Japanese Communist Party . From the 1950s to the early 1970s, the United States Central Intelligence Agency spent millions of dollars to aid the LDP against leftist parties such as the Socialists and the Communists , although this was not revealed until the mid-1990s when it was exposed by The New York Times . Details remain classified, while available documents show connections to prime ministers Nobusuke Kishi and Eisaku Satō from

1325-732: The Komeito along with the international community used major pressure to have Japan switch diplomatic ties from Taiwan (Republic of China) to the People's Republic of China . In 1983, the LDP was a founding member of the International Democracy Union . The LDP managed to consistently win elections for over three decades, and the LDP's decades in power allowed it to establish a highly stable process of policy formation. This process would not have been possible if other parties had secured parliamentary majorities. LDP strength

1378-402: The LDP lost its majority in the upper house . In a party leadership election held on 23 September 2007, the LDP elected Yasuo Fukuda as its president. Fukuda defeated Tarō Asō for the post, receiving 330 votes against 197 votes for Aso. However Fukuda resigned suddenly in September 2008, and Asō became Prime Minister after winning the presidency of the LDP in a five-way election . In

1431-476: The LDP won 49 seats and the DPJ 50, though in all seats (including those uncontested) the LDP still had a total of 114. Because of this electoral loss, former Secretary-General Shinzo Abe turned in his resignation, but Party President Koizumi merely demoted him in rank, and he was replaced by Tsutomu Takebe . On 10 November 2003, the New Conservative Party ( Hoshu Shintō ) was absorbed into

1484-560: The LDP, a move which was largely because of the New Conservative Party's poor showing in the 2003 general election. The LDP formed a coalition with the conservative Buddhist New Komeito (party founded by Soka Gakkai ) from Obuchi Second shuffle Cabinet (1999–2000). After a victory in the 2005 Japanese general election , the LDP held an absolute majority in the Japanese House of Representatives and formed

1537-1920: The Minato City Board of Education (港区教育委員会). Combined elementary and junior high schools: Junior high schools: Elementary schools: Former schools: There are also a variety of private schools, including: The city operates the Minato Library, the Mita Library, the Azabu Library, the Akasaka Library, the Takanawa Library, and the Konan Library. The metropolis operates the Tokyo Metropolitan Library Central Library in Minato. The library opened in 1973. Companies with headquarters in Minato include Air Nippon , All Nippon Airways (ANA), ANA & JP Express , All Nippon Airways Trading, Animax , Asmik Ace Entertainment , Bandai Namco Holdings , Brainlab , Cosmo Oil Company , COVER Corporation , Daicel , Dentsu , Euglena (company) , Fujifilm , Fuji Xerox , Fujitsu , Haseko , Hazama Ando , Honda , Japan Tobacco , Kajima , Kaneka Corporation , Konami , KYB Corporation , Kyodo News , Mitsubishi Motors , Mitsui Chemicals , Mitsui O.S.K. Lines , Mitsui Oil Exploration Company , NEC , Nippon Sheet Glass , NYK Line , Obayashi Corporation , Oki Electric Industry , Pizza-La , The Pokémon Company , THK , Toagosei , Toraya Confectionery , Sato Pharmaceutical , Sega Sammy Holdings , Sigma Seven , Sony , SUMCO , Toraya Confectionery , Toyo Suisan (owns

1590-503: The Prime Minister preceded by Kiichi Miyazawa . However, the LDP was still far and away the largest party in the House of Representatives, with well over 200 seats; no other individual party crossed the 80-seat mark. Yohei Kono became the president of the LDP preceded by Kiichi Miyazawa , he was the first non-prime minister LDP leader as the leader of the opposition. In 1994, the Japan Socialist Party and New Party Sakigake left

1643-427: The Prime Minister's chair until 1996 when the LDP's Ryutaro Hashimoto took over. In the 1996 election , the LDP made some gains but was still 12 seats short of a majority. However, no other party could possibly form a government, and Hashimoto formed a solidly LDP minority government. Through a series of floor-crossings, the LDP regained its majority within a year. The party was practically unopposed until 1998 when

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1696-517: The United States and fostered close links between Japanese business and government, playing a major role in the country's economic miracle from the 1960s to 1980s under prime ministers including Hayato Ikeda , Eisaku Satō , Kakuei Tanaka , and Yasuhiro Nakasone . Scandals and economic difficulties led to the LDP losing power between 1993 and 1994, and governing under a non-LDP prime minister from 1994 to 1996. The LDP regained stability during

1749-541: The World Trade Centre in Minato. Several countries operate their embassies in Minato. Tokyo's main ferry terminal is located adjacent to Takeshiba Station on the Yurikamome, due east of JR Hamamatsucho Station . Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) Alternative symbol The Liberal Democratic Party ( 自由民主党 , Jiyū-Minshutō ) , frequently abbreviated to LDP or Jimintō ( 自民党 ) ,

1802-481: The balloting to some 1.5 million LDP members. The process was so costly and acrimonious, however, that it was subsequently abandoned in favor of the old " smoke-filled room " method—so-called in allusion to the notion of closed discussions held in small rooms filled with tobacco smoke . After the party president, the most important LDP officials are the Secretary-General ( kanjicho ), the chairmen of

1855-698: The branch Maruchan ), TV Tokyo , WOWOW , and Yazaki . In addition ANA subsidiary Air Japan has some offices in Minato. The Japanese division of CB&I , the Japanese division of Aramark and Aim Services, Google Japan , Yahoo! Japan , and the main Japanese offices of Hanjin and Korean Air are located there. Air France operates an office and ticketing counter in the New Aoyama Building in Minato. The Japanese division of Deutsche Post, DHL. Air France's Minato office handles Aircalin -related inquiries. Air China has operations in

1908-533: The case of the LDP administration under the 1955 System in Japan, their degree of economic control was stronger than that of Western conservative governments; it was also positioned closer to social democracy . Since the 1970s, the oil crisis has slowed economic growth and increased the resistance of urban citizens to policies that favor farmers. To maintain its dominant position, the LDP sought to expand party supporters by incorporating social security policies and pollution measures advocated by opposition parties. It

1961-406: The change of factions, their history can be traced back to their 1955 roots, a testament to the stability and institutionalized nature of Liberal Democratic Party factions. The party's history and internal composition have been characterized by intense factionalism ever since its emergence in 1955, with its parliamentary members currently split among six factions, each of which vies for influence in

2014-458: The contrasting Shitamachi and Yamanote geographical and cultural division. The Shinbashi neighborhood in the ward's northeastern corner is attached to the core of Shitamachi , the original commercial center of Edo-Tokyo. On the other hand, the Azabu and Akasaka areas are typically representative Yamanote districts. As of 1 July 2015 , Minato had an official population of 243,094, and

2067-680: The convention is to classify the Liberal Democratic Party and the Japanese Communist Party as occupying the conservative and progressive ends of the ideological spectrum respectively. However, this classification has faced challenges, especially among younger generations, since the 1990s. The LDP has also been compared to the corporatist -inspired model of conservative parties, such as the Christian Democratic Union of Germany , in its relative openness towards economic interventionism , mixed market coordination and public expenditure , when compared to neoliberal orthodoxy. In

2120-557: The lower house for the first time since 2009 , with the LDP suffering its second-worst result in its history, securing only 191 seats. The Constitutional Democratic Party (CDP), the main opposition party led by former Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda , achieved its best result in its history, increasing its seat count from 96 to 148. This was the first general election in Japan since the 1955 election wherein no party secured at least 200 seats. 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s Defunct Defunct The LDP

2173-527: The merger of Akasaka , Azabu , and Shiba Wards. Various names were considered for the new ward, such as Atago , Aoyama , Aoba , Iikura , Mita , and Higashiminato . Higashiminato was chosen, meaning "East Harbor", but then Higashi was cut leading to the name Minato , simply meaning "harbor". Per Japanese census data, the population has recently begun rising after decades of rapid decline. In June 2024, Ai Seike beat Masaaki Takei  [ jp ] in mayoral elections. Takei, mayor since 2004,

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2226-543: The number of embassies and multinational corporations located in and around the area. Notable neighborhoods and districts of Minato include Akasaka , Aoyama , Azabu , Roppongi and Toranomon . Minato is located southwest of the Imperial Palace and has boundaries with the special wards of Chiyoda , Chūō , Kōtō (in Odaiba), Shinagawa , Shibuya , and Shinjuku . The ward was founded on 15 March 1947, with

2279-422: The opposition Democratic Party of Japan was formed. This marked the beginning of the opposing parties' gains in momentum, especially in the 2003 and 2004 Parliamentary Elections, that would not slow for another 12 years. In the dramatically paced 2003 House of Representatives elections , the LDP won 237 seats, while the DPJ won 177 seats. In the 2004 House of Councillors elections, in the seats up for grabs,

2332-476: The party and the government. The previous Prime Minister and party president, Fumio Kishida , was the leader of the now defunct Kōchikai faction from 2012 until his resignation in 2023. Current factions in the LDP include: At the apex of the LDP's formal organization is the president ( 総裁 , sōsai ) , who can serve three three-year terms. (The presidential term was increased from two years to three years in 2002 and from two to three terms in 2017). When

2385-457: The party following their indictments. On 19 October 2024, Atsunobu Usuda, age 49, was arrested in Tokyo after attacking the Liberal Democratic Party headquarters with firebombs and crashing into the prime minister's residence, amid rising public frustration with the ruling party ahead of the 27 October 2024 election. In the 2024 Japanese general election , the governing LDP and its coalition partner Komeito lost their parliamentary majority in

2438-416: The party has a parliamentary majority, the party president is the prime minister . The choice of party president is formally that of a party convention composed of Diet members and local LDP figures, but in most cases, they merely approved the joint decision of the most powerful party leaders. To make the system more democratic, Prime Minister Takeo Fukuda introduced a "primary" system in 1978, which opened

2491-722: The party, while the opposition (now joined with the Kōmeitō (1962–1998) ) gained momentum. In 1976, in the wake of the Lockheed bribery scandals , a handful of younger LDP Diet members broke away and established their own party, the New Liberal Club (Shin Jiyu Kurabu). A decade later, however, it was reabsorbed by the LDP. By the late 1970s, the Japan Socialist Party, the Japanese Communist Party, and

2544-506: The postwar miracle economy, the Japanese asset price bubble and other reasons such as the recruit scandal led to the LDP losing its majority in 1993 Japanese general election held in July of that year. Seven opposition parties – including several formed by LDP dissidents – formed the Hosokawa government headed by Japan New Party leader and LDP dissident Morihiro Hosokawa , who became

2597-506: The premiership of Junichiro Koizumi in the 2000s before achieving its worst-ever electoral result in the 2009 election . The party regained control of the government in a landslide victory at the 2012 election under Shinzo Abe . After the 2024 and 2022 elections the LDP currently holds 191 seats in the House of Representatives and 119 seats in the House of Councillors ; the party has governed in coalition with Komeito since 1999. Since

2650-399: The ruling coalition, joining the LDP in the opposition. The remaining members of the coalition tried to stay in power as the minority Hata Cabinet under the leadership of Tsutomu Hata , but this failed when the LDP and the Socialists, bitter rivals for 40 years, formed a majority coalition. The Murayama Cabinet was dominated by the LDP, but it allowed Socialist Tomiichi Murayama to occupy

2703-440: Was also historically closely positioned to corporate statism . During the 2021 general election, the party released the LDP policy manifesto, titled "Create a new era together with you", which included support for policies such as: Since the genesis of the Liberal Democratic Party in 1955, history and internal composition has been characterized by intense factionalism among its members since its emergence in 1955. Despite

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2756-547: Was based on an enduring, although not unchallenged, coalition of big business, small business, agriculture, professional groups, and other interests. Elite bureaucrats collaborated closely with the party and interest groups in drafting and implementing policy. In a sense, the party's success was a result not of its internal strength but of its weakness. It lacked a strong, nationwide organization or consistent ideology with which to attract voters. Its leaders were rarely decisive, charismatic, or popular. But it functioned efficiently as

2809-679: Was seeking his sixth term and received support from the Liberal Democratic Party and Komeito . Seike, previously a member of the ward assembly, is the first female mayor of Minato. The ward assembly has 34 members. Notes: - formerly part of Shiba Area - 1-chōme - 1, 2, 3-chōme - 2, 3-chōme - 4, 5-chōme The local public high schools are operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education . The city's public elementary and junior high schools are operated by

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