Geneviève Jeanson (born August 29, 1981) is a former professional bicycle racer from Quebec , Canada. She won the world junior road and time trial championships in 1999 and the Tour de Snowy in 2000. Later that year she won La Flèche Wallonne World Cup race. She joined the Canadian Olympic team that year. She acknowledged in a documentary on Radio-Canada (the French-language CBC ) on September 20, 2007, that she had been administered EPO more or less continuously since she was 16 years old.
27-423: Jeanson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Geneviève Jeanson (born 1981), Canadian cyclist Guillaume Jeanson (born 1721), Canadian settler Henri Jeanson (1900–1970), French writer and journalist See also [ edit ] Jeanson network , French militant communist group [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
54-466: A blood test . The measurement depends on the number and size of red blood cells. It is normally 40.7–50.3% for males and 36.1–44.3% for females. It is a part of a person's complete blood count results, along with hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count and platelet count. Because the purpose of red blood cells is to transfer oxygen from the lungs to body tissues, a blood sample's hematocrit—the red blood cell volume percentage—can become
81-401: A blood sample. It does not account for the mass of the red blood cells, and thus the changes in mass can alter a hematocrit level or go undetected while affecting a subject's condition. Additionally, there have been cases in which the blood for testing was inadvertently drawn proximal to an intravenous line that was infusing packed red cells or fluids. In these situations, the hemoglobin level in
108-428: A higher hematocrit level signifies the blood sample's ability to transport oxygen, which has led to reports that an "optimal hematocrit level" may exist. Optimal hematocrit levels have been studied through combinations of assays on blood sample's hematocrit itself, viscosity, and hemoglobin level. Hematocrit levels also serve as an indicator of health conditions. Thus, tests on hematocrit levels are often carried out in
135-425: A point of reference of its capability of delivering oxygen. Hematocrit levels that are too high or too low can indicate a blood disorder, dehydration , or other medical conditions. An abnormally low hematocrit may suggest anemia , a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells, while an abnormally high hematocrit is called polycythemia . Both are potentially life-threatening disorders. There are other names for
162-401: A single file line. From this stage, blood will enter the venules increasing in hematocrit, in other words the discharge hematocrit (Hd).In large vessels with low hematocrit, viscosity dramatically drops and red cells take in a lot of energy. Relationships between hematocrit, viscosity, and shear rate are important factors to put into consideration. Since blood is non-Newtonian, the viscosity of
189-739: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Genevi%C3%A8ve Jeanson After residing in Phoenix, Arizona and San Diego, California (where she studied sociology and psychology), Jeanson came back to Lachine, Quebec in 2012 to live with her once estranged parents and complete her college-level education at the Saint-Anne Collégial International. In autumn 2014, she attended Concordia University , in Montreal, where she studied neuroscience. Jeanson currently lives with her common law husband and works in
216-576: The Canadian Center for Ethics in Sport in 2009. The Little Queen (La Petite reine) , a movie inspired by her life, was released in 2014. Jeanson's character is renamed Julie Arseneau (played by Laurence Leboeuf ). Hematocrit The hematocrit ( / h ɪ ˈ m æ t ə k r ɪ t / ) ( Ht or HCT ), also known by several other names , is the volume percentage (vol%) of red blood cells (RBCs) in blood , measured as part of
243-402: The hemoglobin concentration in g / dL and dropping the units. The packed cell volume (PCV) can be determined by centrifuging EDTA -treated or heparinized blood in a capillary tube (also known as a microhematocrit tube) at 10,000 RPM for five minutes. This separates the blood into layers. The volume of packed red blood cells divided by the total volume of the blood sample gives
270-410: The surname Jeanson . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeanson&oldid=648851006 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
297-796: The Canadian Cycling Federation agreed that she would qualify for the Olympic selection race if she could finish in the top eight of two of five selected races. This she did by winning the Tour de Snowy and La Flèche Wallonne Féminine . Then, in July 2000, she qualified by finishing ahead of the other candidates in the Canadian Road Cycling Championship. Controversy followed her to the Olympics. Towards
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#1732793587736324-459: The PCV. Since a tube is used, this can be calculated by measuring the lengths of the layers. Another way of measuring hematocrit levels is by optical methods such as spectrophotometry . Through differential spectrophotometry, the differences in optical densities of a blood sample flowing through small-bore glass tubes at isosbestic wavelengths for deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin and the product of
351-653: The Tour de 'Toona stage race in Pennsylvania, Jeanson had an out-of-competition test. Jeanson said months later that she tested positive for EPO , a banned substance. She denied taking a banned substance but in January 2006 she announced her retirement. On November 28, 2006, the United States Anti-Doping Agency said she had accepted a two-year suspension from 25 July 2005, the day her sample
378-487: The blood is in relation to the hematocrit, and as a function of shear rate. This is important when it comes to determining shear force, since a lower hematocrit level indicates that there is a need for more force to push the red blood cells through the system. This is because shear rate is defined as the rate to which adjacent layers of fluid move in respect to each other. Plasma is a more viscous material than typically red blood cells, since they are able to adjust their size to
405-401: The blood sample will not be the true level for the patient because the sample will contain a large amount of the infused material rather than what is diluted into the circulating whole blood. That is, if packed red cells are being supplied, the sample will contain a large amount of those cells and the hematocrit will be artificially very high. Hematocrit can vary from the determining factors of
432-404: The end of the road race, her teammate Lyne Bessette was in a break. Jeanson's detractors maintain that, on instructions from her coach, André Aubut, Jeanson helped chase the break and denied her teammate an opportunity to win a medal. Jeanson's defenders said she had ridden near the front as expected of a teammate trying to break the chase, and moved forward only to close a small gap when the break
459-511: The field and winning by more than seven minutes. In late 2003, while with the national team preparing for the world championships in Hamilton, Ontario, Jeanson had a hematocrit level (a measure of red cells in the blood) above the limit and was not allowed to race for two weeks. She missed the championships. Jeanson blamed the finding on an altitude tent used as part of her training. Subsequent doping tests were negative. On 25 July 2005, at
486-564: The fitness industry. Controversy dogged Jeanson throughout her career. Before the Olympics in 2000, she was accused of seeking special treatment by wanting an exemption from Olympic selection rules adopted by the Canadian Cycling Association . She said the procedure considered cumulative results for 1999 and 2000 but that she had raced as a junior in 1999 and could not achieve the results needed for selection. She and
513-410: The hematocrit can be calculated by an automated analyzer or directly measured, depending on the analyzer manufacturer. Calculated hematocrit is determined by multiplying the red cell count by the mean cell volume . The hematocrit is slightly more accurate, as the PCV includes small amounts of blood plasma trapped between the red cells. An estimated hematocrit as a percentage may be derived by tripling
540-602: The hematocrit, such as packed cell volume (PCV), volume of packed red cells (VPRC), or erythrocyte volume fraction (EVF). The term hematocrit (or haematocrit in British English ) comes from the Ancient Greek words haima ( αἷμα , "blood") and kritēs ( κριτής , "judge"), and hematocrit means "to separate blood". It was coined in 1891 by Swedish physiologist Magnus Blix as haematokrit , modeled after lactokrit . With modern lab equipment,
567-412: The luminal diameter and hematocrit create a linear relationship that is used to measure hematocrit levels. Other than potential bruising at the puncture site, and/or dizziness, there are no complications associated with this test. While known hematocrit levels are used in detecting conditions, it may fail at times due to hematocrit being the measure of concentration of red blood cells through volume in
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#1732793587736594-429: The number of red blood cells. These factors can be from the age and sex of the subject. The normal hematocrit level is around 40% for adult women and about 45% for adult men. In newborns, it is approximately 55% and drops to around 35% by 2 months of age. After that, it gradually increases during development, reaching adult levels at puberty. Following this, the hematocrit level gradually decreases with aging. Typically,
621-413: The process of diagnosis of such conditions, and may be conducted prior to surgery. Additionally, the health conditions associated with certain hematocrit levels are the same as ones associated with certain hemoglobin levels. As blood flows from the arterioles into the capillaries, a change in pressure occurs. In order to maintain pressure, the capillaries branch off to a web of vessels that carry blood into
648-405: The radius of a tube; the shear rate is purely dependent on the amount of red blood cells being forced in a vessel. Generally at both sea levels and high altitudes, hematocrit levels rise as children mature. These health-related causes and impacts of elevated hematocrit levels have been reported: Hematocrit levels were also reported to be correlated with social factors that influence subjects. In
675-466: The venules. Through this process blood undergoes micro-circulation. In micro-circulation, the Fåhræus effect will take place, resulting in a large change in hematocrit. As blood flows through the arterioles, red cells will act a feed hematocrit (Hf), while in the capillaries, a tube hematocrit (Ht) occurs. In tube hematocrit, plasma fills most of the vessel while the red cells travel through in somewhat of
702-628: Was almost caught. In 2001, she won four of five stages at the Redlands Bicycle Classic , winning overall by nearly 10 minutes, an unprecedented margin. Then, at the Tour of the Gila in early May, she won four of five stages and the overall victory, this time by an unprecedented 15 minutes. On some stages she broke away early and rode alone the rest of the way. In early June, she won the Montreal World Cup , lapping most of
729-404: Was taken. In an interview on Cyclingnews.com on 20 December 2006, Jeanson said that although she could race again from mid-July 2007, she "won't race ever again." She said she had "changed so much this past year that I have a hard time imagining who I was before." She finally admitted to doping to a French CBC journalist. Her coach André Aubut and doctor Maurice Duquette were banned for life by
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