Jizzakh Region is one of the regions of Uzbekistan . It is located in the center/east of the country. It borders Tajikistan to the south and south-east, Samarqand Region to the west, Navoiy Region to the north-west, Kazakhstan to the north, and Sirdaryo Region to the east. It covers an area of 21,210 km. The population is 1,443,408 (2024 estimate) with 53% living in rural areas.
65-588: The regional capital is Jizzakh (pop. 212,689, 2024). Other major towns include Doʻstlik , Gagarin , Gʻallaorol , Paxtakor , and Dashtobod . Jizzakh Region was formerly a part of Sirdaryo Region but was given separate status in 1973. The economy of the Jizzakh Region is primarily based on agriculture . Cotton and wheat are the main crops, and extensive irrigation is used. Natural resources include lead , zinc , iron , and limestone . Uzbekistan and China are working together to jointly establish
130-413: A Special Economic Zone in the region. This high-tech industrial park will be formally established by March 2013. The China Development Bank will provide a $ 50 million loan to finance several of the joint projects in the construction, agro-industrial and mechanical engineering sectors. The region has a well-developed transportation infrastructure, with over 2500 km of surfaced roads. The climate
195-461: A 1995 reform, and brought the orthography closer to that of Turkish and also of Turkmen , Karakalpak , Kazakh (2018 version) and Azerbaijani . In 2021, it was proposed to change "sh", "ch", "oʻ" and "gʻ" to "ş", "ç", "ō" and "ḡ". These proposals were not implemented. In the western Chinese region of Xinjiang , in northern Afghanistan and in Pakistan , where there is an Uzbek minority,
260-475: A Turkic language, Uzbek is null subject , agglutinative and has no noun classes (gender or otherwise). Although Uzbek has no definite articles , it has indefinite articles bir and bitta . The word order is subject–object–verb (SOV). In Uzbek, there are two main categories of words: nominals (equivalent to nouns, pronouns, adjectives and some adverbs) and verbals (equivalent to verbs and some adverbs). Plurals are formed by suffix -lar ـلر. Nouns take
325-727: A decade of infighting, the split was formalized into an eastern and western khanate, with Jizzakh falling into the western portion. After their conquest of Samarkand in 1086, the Seljuk Empire forced the western khanate to submit to their rule. Jizzakh next fell under the control of the Khwarazmian Empire , who began as vassals to the Seljuks but eventually managed to become fully independent by 1190. Under their rule, they conquered much of Persia and Central Asia, leading to economic growth. This situation of relative prosperity
390-577: A highly Oghuz-influenced variety of Karluk. All three dialects continue to exist within modern spoken Uzbek. After the independence of Uzbekistan, the Uzbek government opted to reform Northern Uzbek by changing its alphabet from Cyrillic to Latin in an attempt to stimulate the growth of Uzbek in a new, independent state. However, the reform never went into full application, and As of 2024 both alphabets are widely used, from daily uses to government publications and TV news. Uzbek language hasn't eclipsed Russian in
455-537: A key mountain pass, was likely rebuilt and refortified during this period. Under the Timurid Empire , Central Asia experienced a blossoming of art and culture. Jizzakh, with its proximity to the empire's northern border and location of trade routes to the capital Samarkand likely experienced growth and revitalization. The empire began to weaken in the second half of the 15th century. In 1488, an Uzbek contingent led by Muhammad Shaybani helped Moghulistan defeat
520-661: A loss of 6 men, against 6000 dead for the defenders. The old town was mostly destroyed, its remaining inhabitants evicted, and Russian settlers brought in. After its incorporation into the Russian Empire , Imperial agents placed Jizzakh under the jurisdiction of the Samarkand Oblast following its establishment in 1887. At the turn of the 19th century, the region was populated by what the Russian authorities qualified as ethnic Uzbeks , who made up more than half of
585-399: A new era of khans with Mongol ancestry being used as politically legitimizing puppets, but lacking any real control. In 1370, after defeating his rivals in the region, Timur took control of Transoxiana, including Jizzakh. Early in his career, Timur fought regularly with Moghulistan to his north and east. Jizzakh, geographically near the border of Timur's realm and Moghulistan and controlling
650-666: A state of decay. The Mongol Empire was divided among the grandsons of Genghis Khan , Jizzakh was included in the portion known as the Chagatai Khanate . This Khanate included Transoxiana, the Fergana Valley, the Tarim Basin, the region around Turpan, and much of what is today southern Kazakhstan. Despite being a key piece of the great Mongol Empire , the Chagatai Khanate began to fragment as early as
715-591: A year. Or the cultural Tavakbulak, located on the shoulders of Mount Molguzar at an altitude of two thousand six hundred meters above sea level, can be called a miracle. On the river Aktash in Bakhmal district there is a huge cemetery on the shoulders of steep mountains, next to it there is a magnificent gorge "Blood Drop". Or the spring that rises from the Suffa Square at the top of the mountain in Zaamin district,
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#1732793278536780-480: Is 179,200 (2020 est.). According to one view, the name of the city comes from the Sogdian word dizak ( Persian : دزک ), which is the diminutive form of diz ( دز , 'fortress') and means "small fortress" or "small fort". It was mentioned in the 13 century Mu'jam al-Buldan under the name dīzak ( Arabic : ديزك ). Jizzakh was an important Silk Road junction on the road connecting Samarkand with
845-455: Is a Karluk Turkic language spoken by Uzbeks . It is the official and national language of Uzbekistan and formally succeeded Chagatai , an earlier Karluk language also known as Turki , as the literary language of Uzbekistan in the 1920s. Uzbek is spoken as either a native or second language by around 32 million people around the world, making it the second-most widely spoken Turkic language after Turkish . There are two major variants of
910-510: Is a city with long sports traditions and actively developing professional sports . Sports development is supervised by the Department of Culture and Sports of Jizzakh Region . Football The city has a soccer club "Sogdiana" (called "Jizzakh" in 1970-1972 and 1975-1976). It plays its home matches at the stadium of the "Sogdiana" sports complex - a multipurpose arena, rebuilt in 2015 and now designed for 11,650 spectators (previously -
975-544: Is a typically continental climate , with mild winters and hot, dry summers. The Zaamin National Park , formerly Guralash Reserve, on the western slopes of the Turkestan Range and known for its unique fauna and flora, is also within the region. Wildlife is extremely rich here; in spring and in summer, alpine meadows are with a multitude of colors: bright-red tulips and snow-white acacias . In autumn
1040-526: Is no longer used in Uzbekistan except symbolically in limited texts or for the academic studies of Chagatai (Old Uzbek) . In 2019, an updated version of the Uzbek Latin alphabet was revealed by the Uzbek government, with five letters being updated; it was proposed to represent the sounds "ts", "sh", "ch", "oʻ" and "gʻ" by the letters "c", "ş", "ç", "ó" and "ǵ", respectively. This would've reversed
1105-413: Is taught in more than fifty higher education institutions around the world. Historically, the language under the name Uzbek referred to a totally different language of Kipchak origin. The language was generally similar to the neighbouring Kazakh , more or less identical lexically, phonetically and grammatically. It was dissimilar to the area's indigenous and native language, known as Turki , until it
1170-493: The -ni ـنی suffix as a definite article; unsuffixed nouns are understood as indefinite. The dative case ending -ga ـگه changes to -ka ـکه when the noun ends in -k ـک, -g ـگ, or -qa ـقه when the noun ends in -q ـق, -gʻ ـغ (notice *tog‘qa → toqqa تاغقَّه). The possessive suffixes change the final consonants -k ـک and -q ـق to voiced -g ـگ and -gʻ ـغ, respectively ( yurak → yura g im یورک - یورگیم). Unlike neighbouring Turkmen and Kazakh languages, due to
1235-519: The Arab conquest of Sogdiana , Jizzakh served as a market town between the nomadic raiders and settled farmers. The Arabs built a series of rabats (blockhouses) at Jizzakh, housing ghazis to protect the people. Under the Abbasids, rule of the region of Osrushana was given over to the house of Saman, who split the wider region amongst themselves under Abbasid suzerainty. In 892, Ismail Samani united
1300-598: The Fergana Valley . It is at the edge of Golodnaya Steppe , and next to the strategic Pass of Jilanuti ( Timur 's Gate) in the Turkestan Mountains , controlling the approach to the Zeravshan Valley , Samarkand and Bukhara . The name Jizzakh likely derives from the Sogdian word for 'small fort' and the present city is built of the site of the town which belonged to Osrushana . After
1365-473: The Mughal Empire ). Chagatai contained large numbers of Persian and Arabic loanwords . By the 19th century, it was rarely used for literary composition and disappeared only in the early 20th century. Muhammad Shaybani ( c. 1451 – 2 December 1510), the first Khan of Bukhara , wrote poetry under the pseudonym "Shibani". A collection of Chagatai poems by Muhammad Shaybani is currently kept in
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#17327932785361430-570: The Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan (and mothertongue of the city Osh ), like the rest of Eastern, Southern and South-Eastern Kyrgyzstan ( Jalal-Abad Region ), the ethnic Kyrgyzes are, too, exposed to Uzbek, and some speak it fluently. This is a common situation in the rest of Central Asian republics, including: the Turkistan region of Kazakhstan , northern Daşoguz Welaýat of Turkmenistan , Sughd region and other regions of Tajikistan . This puts
1495-702: The Topkapı Palace Museum manuscript collection in Istanbul . The manuscript of his philosophical and religious work, Bahr al-Khudā , written in 1508, is located in London. Shaybani's nephew Ubaydullah Khan (1486-1540) skillfully recited the Quran and provided it with commentaries in Chagatai. Ubaydulla himself wrote poetry in Chagatai, Classical Persian, and Arabic under the literary pseudonym Ubaydiy. For
1560-606: The Uzbek League (Super Liga). Jizzakh is an ancient oasis. The Turkestan and Nurata ridges, which surround the southern and part of the western part of the country, and the Arnasay-Aydar-Tuzkan lakes in the northern part of the country, provides a temperate climate. The peaks are covered with snow and glaciers, Chovkar mountain, in the foothills of the Usturshona system there are thick pine forests. From
1625-537: The "Central" stadium, the "Jizzakh" stadium). Jizzakh is a major transportation hub. The railroad and highway connecting the central and western regions with the eastern regions of Uzbekistan pass through the city. Along the valley of the Sangzor River runs the highway "Big Uzbek Route", connecting the two largest cities and two capitals of Uzbekistan: modern and ancient - the cities of Tashkent and Samarkand . An electrified railroad line connecting
1690-635: The 1740s, the emirs of Bukhara seized power from the remaining leaders of the Khanate of Bukhara . At some point between this time, and the official founding of the Emirate of Bukhara in 1785, Jizzakh fell under the control of the Emirs. It would stay as a part of the Emirate of Bukhara until the 1860s. In 1866, Jizzakh was a major fortress for the Emirate of Bukhara . This was in part due to its position near
1755-885: The Arabic-based script is still used. In the early 21st century, in Afghanistan, standardization, publication of dictionaries, and an increase in usage (for example in News agencies' website, such as that of the BBC ) has been taking place. Words are usually oxytones (i.e. the last syllable is stressed), but certain endings and suffixal particles are not stressed. Consonants in brackets are only attested in loanwords. Standard Uzbek has six vowel phonemes. Uzbek language has many dialects: contrary to many Turkic languages, Standard Uzbek no longer has vowel harmony , but other dialects (Kipchak Uzbek and Oghuz Uzbek) retain vowel harmony. As
1820-604: The Jizzakh Region. The permanent population of Jizzakh region was 1,352,100 at the January 1, 2019, grew by 27,100 people or increased by 2.0%. Urbanisation was 46.9% (634,300 cities population and 53,1% or 717,800 rural population) in the beginning of 2019. Analysis by district shows that the largest population was in Sh. Rashidov district of 213,000 inhabitants (15.8% of population) and in Jizzakh city with 174,000 inhabitants (12.9%);
1885-630: The Jizzakh region, both the city and the mountains south of it. In 1917, Jizzakh's most famous native son, Sharof Rashidov , future secretary of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan , was born. During the Russian civil war, Jizzakh was inititally a part of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . After a debate among the communists about whether the region should embrace a more pan-Turkish identity, or be divided into smaller ethnic republics,
1950-495: The Kazakh scholar Serali Lapin , who lived at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century, "there is no special Sart language different from Uzbek. Russian researchers of the second half of the 19th century, like L. N. Sobolev, believed that "Sart is not a special tribe, as many tried to prove. Sart is indifferently called both Uzbek and Tajik, who live in the city and are engaged in trade. In Khanate of Khiva , Sarts spoke
2015-541: The Russian Federation. According to Russian government statistics, 4.5 million workers from Uzbekistan, 2.4 million from Tajikistan , and 920,000 from Kyrgyzstan were working in Russia in 2021, with around 5 million being ethnic Uzbeks. Estimates of the number of native speakers of Uzbek vary widely, from 35 up to 40 million. Ethnologue estimates put the number of native speakers at 35 million across all
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2080-467: The Timurid capital of Samarkand. In the next ten years his forces also captured Bukhara , Herat , and most of the surrounding region. Shaybani established the Khanate of Bukhara , which would control Jizzakh for the next 100 years. Between 1600 and the mid 1700s, Jizzakh regularly changed hands, often functioning independently of neighboring powers. Uzbek nobility controlled the city during this era. In
2145-578: The Timurids in their attempt to conquer Tashkent, at the Battle of the Chirciq River . After this Timurid defeat, their power fell while Shaybani's power grew in the area between Tashkent and Samarkand. It is unclear if Jizzakh was held by Shaybani or as a Timurid bastion in these early years of Shaybani's rise to power. In 1500, he certainly controlled the city, as he needed it in his campaign to take
2210-638: The Uzbek language: Northern Uzbek, or simply "Uzbek", spoken in Uzbekistan , Kyrgyzstan , Kazakhstan , Tajikistan , Turkmenistan and China ; and Southern Uzbek , spoken in Afghanistan and Pakistan . Both Northern and Southern Uzbek are divided into many dialects. Uzbek and Uyghur are sister languages and they constitute the Karluk or "Southeastern" branch of Turkic. External influences on Uzbek include Arabic , Persian , and Russian . One of
2275-408: The Uzbek political elite of the 16th century, Chagatai was their native language. For example, the leader of the semi-nomadic Uzbeks, Sheibani Khan (1451–1510), wrote poems in Chagatai. The poet Turdiy (17th century) in his poems called for the unification of the divided Uzbek tribes: "Although our people are divided, but these are all Uzbeks of ninety-two tribes. We have different names – we all have
2340-549: The border with Russian Turkestan. The Russian conquest of Central Asia had begun in the 18th century, and by the 1860s the Russians controlled a line of forts along the Syr Darya , just 70 miles from Jizzakh. In 1864, hostilities broke out between the Russians and the Emirate of Bukhara. Russian General Mikhail Chernyayev , the “Lion of Tashkent” failed in his first attempt to take Jizzakh, but succeed in his second try, with
2405-569: The cities of Tashkent and Samarkand passes through the city of Jizzakh, passing through the city of Xovos . Previously, there was also a non-electrified railroad line passing through Syr Darya station, which ceased to function in the 1990s. Until 2010, a trolleybus transportation network operated in the city. Trolleybuses were replaced by buses produced by the SamKochAvto on Isuzu chassis , as well as shuttle buses based on Daewoo Damas microcars . Uzbek language Uzbek
2470-409: The country's population, as well as the fact that the city as an administrative center is attractive to the population of its own and visitors from other regions . National composition as of 2011: Uzbeks — 140,700 people (87.8%), Russians — 6,300 people (3.9%), Tajiks — 2,720 people (1.7%), others (including Kazakhs , Tatars , Ukrainians , Kyrgyz and others) — 10,600 people (6.6%). Jizzakh
2535-561: The eastern variant is Uyghur. Karluk is classified as a dialect continuum . Northern Uzbek was determined to be the most suitable variety to be understood by the most number of speakers of all Turkic languages despite it being heavily Persianized , excluding the Siberian Turkic languages . A high degree of mutual intelligibility found between certain specific Turkic languages has allowed Uzbek speakers to more easily comprehend various other distantly related languages. Uzbek, being
2600-436: The existence of primitive man. Jizzakh has a sharply continental version of a Mediterranean climate ( Köppen Csa ). January lows average −4 °C or 24.8 °F and July highs average 34.9 °C or 94.8 °F. The climate at the foot of the mountains is milder than that of deserts and steppes. Annual precipitation is 400 to 500 millimetres (16 to 20 in) in the south and 250 to 300 millimetres (10 to 12 in) in
2665-620: The government sector since Russian is used widely in sciences, politics, and by the upper class of the country. However, the Uzbek internet, including Uzbek Misplaced Pages , is growing rapidly. Uzbek has been written in a variety of scripts throughout history: Despite the official status of the Latin script in Uzbekistan, the use of Cyrillic is still widespread, especially in advertisements and signs. In newspapers, scripts may be mixed, with headlines in Latin and articles in Cyrillic. The Arabic script
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2730-413: The government. In 1916, Jizzakh was a center of an anti-Russian uprising . The revolt broke out after the Russians announced local men would be conscripted to do manual labor behind the front lines during World War I. This violated treaties the Russians had signed with during their conquest of the region that had promised to not conscripted locals. Most of the revolt was focused in the southern portions of
2795-477: The hills are magnificently decorated with the gold-colored domes of the hazelnut trees, columns of birch -trees, towering plane trees , and green thickets . High in the mountains, in the upper part of the Guralashsoy gorge , is a nesting-place of black storks . These rare birds are the pride and joy of Uzbekistan. They are written down in the "Redbooks" in many countries as an endangered species . Early in
2860-524: The impression of being a mixed language. In February 2021, the Uzbek government announced that Uzbekistan plans to fully transition the Uzbek language from the Cyrillic script to a Latin -based alphabet by 1 January 2023. Similar deadlines had been extended several times. As of 2024, most institutions still use both alphabets. Uzbek is the western member of the Karluk languages, a subgroup of Turkic;
2925-548: The later side won out. National delimitation in Central Asia was started in 1924, and Jizzakh was placed in the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic . Modern Jizzakh is quietly tree-lined European, with almost nothing remaining of the pre- Rashidov era. The city has two universities, with a total of approximately 7,000 students, and is home to a football team, Sogdiana Jizzakh , which plays in
2990-530: The long cave is artificially fenced and additional stairs are made for the next hall, which testifies to the fact that primitive people lived here in ancient times. The huge cave south of Mount Molguzar was once used as a Buddhist temple. The book "History of the Sui Dynasty" also mentions the Eastern TSao (Usturshona), "There is the city of Yecha. It is a closed cave in the city and is sacrificed twice
3055-958: The loss of "pronominal -n- " there is no irregularity in forming cases after possessive cases ( uyida "in his/her/its house", as opposed to Turkmen öýü n de , though saying uyi n da اویینده is also correct but such style is mainly used in literary contexts). Uzbek verbs are also inflected for number and person of the subject, and it has more periphrases . Uzbek uses some of the inflectional (simple) verbal tenses: -(a)ylik (biz) ـهیلیک (بیز) -∅ (sen) ـ (سین) -(i)ng (siz) ـینگ (سیز) -(i)nglar (sizlar) ـینگلر (سیزلر) -sin (u) ـسین (او) -sinlar (ular) ـسینلر (اولر) koʻr aylik ! کورهیلیک (1st person plural) koʻr ! کور (2nd person informal singular) koʻr ing ! کورینگ (2nd person formal singular/plural) koʻr inglar ! کورینگلر (2nd person formal plural) koʻr sin ! کورسین (3rd person singular) koʻr sinlar ! کورسینلر (3rd person plural) Vowels marked with parentheses in
3120-593: The most noticeable distinctions of Uzbek from other Turkic languages is the rounding of the vowel / ɑ / to / ɒ / under the influence of Persian . Unlike other Turkic languages, vowel harmony is almost completely lost in modern Standard Uzbek, though it is still observed to some degree in its dialects, as well as in Uyghur. Different dialects of Uzbek show varying degrees of influence from other languages such as Kipchak and Oghuz Turkic (for example, in grammar) as well as Persian (in phonology), which gives literary Uzbek
3185-539: The most widely spoken indigenous language in Central Asia , is as well spoken by smaller ethnic groups in Uzbekistan and in neighbouring countries. The language is spoken by other ethnic groups outside Uzbekistan. The popularity of Uzbek media , including Uzbekfilm and RizanovaUz, has spread among the Post-soviet states , particularly in Central Asia in recent years. Since Uzbek is the dominant language in
3250-458: The nearby Muzbulak, the garden built on the top of a high mountain in Bakhmal - all this speaks of ancient history. Rivers attached to the mountains, springs flowing from glaciers, groves covering the ravines. About 100 medicinal herbs... On the banks of the Poyimard river in Jizzakh district, in the middle of a 20-meter-high rocky outcrop, all of them are natural monuments, all of which testify to
3315-416: The north. The frost-free period totals between 210 and 240 days, whilst annual sunshine totals 2800 to 3000 hours. There are many rivers flowing from the mountains, of which the largest are Sangzor and Zaamin. The population of the city as of 2020 was 179,900. The overwhelming part of the population is Uzbeks . The number of the city's residents is constantly growing, which is due to the general growth of
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#17327932785363380-505: The number of L2 speakers of Uzbek at a varying 1–5 million speakers. The Uzbek language has a special status in countries that are common destination for immigration for Uzbekistani citizens. Other than Uzbekistan and other Central Asian Republics , the ethnic Uzbeks most commonly choose the Russian Federation in search of work. Most of them however, are seasonal workers, whose numbers vary greatly among residency within
3445-547: The population, with Tajiks constituting another quarter of the population and other ethnicities including Kazakhs and Uyghurs making up the rest. After a railway was built to Tashkent in 1906, Russian settlers began to pour into the region. This led to resentment, and land was often seized from locals by the government and given over to settlers. While few settlers moved to the Jizzakh region, Russian policies of land surveying, and redistribution angered natives who had their rights to grazing land and other key commodities restricted by
3510-909: The recognized dialects. The Swedish national encyclopedia, Nationalencyklopedin , estimates the number of native speakers to be 38 million, and the CIA World Factbook estimates 30 million. Other sources estimate the number of speakers of Uzbek to be 34 million in Uzbekistan, 4.5 million in Afghanistan, 1,630,000 in Pakistan, 1,500,000 in Tajikistan, about 1 million in Kyrgyzstan, 600,000 in Kazakhstan, 600,000 in Turkmenistan, and 300,000 in Russia. The Uzbek language
3575-535: The region was that of the Kara-Khanid Khanate from the 9th–12th centuries, a confederation of Karluks , Chigils , Yagma , and other tribes. Uzbek (along with Uyghur) can be considered the direct descendant of Chagatai, the language of great Turkic Central Asian literary development in the realm of Chagatai Khan , Timur (Tamerlane), and the Timurid dynasty (including the early Mughal rulers of
3640-618: The regions under his family's control, and effectively gained the region's independence from the Abbasids, founding the Samanid Empire . After the fall of the Samanid's around the year 1000, Jizzakh fell under the rule of the Kara-Khanid Khanate . The Khanate had a string of successes, conquering the whole region of Transoxiana and pushing east into the Western Tarim Basin. In 1041, the khanate splintered into two. After
3705-639: The same blood. We are one people, and we should have one law. Floors, sleeves and collars – it's all – one robe, So the Uzbek people are united, may they be in peace." Sufi Allayar (1633–1721) was an outstanding theologian and one of the Sufi leaders of the Khanate of Bukhara. He showed his level of knowledge by writing a book called Sebâtü'l-Âcizîn . Sufi Allayar was often read and highly appreciated in Central Asia. The term Uzbek as applied to language has meant different things at different times. According to
3770-503: The slopes of the mountains at an altitude of 1,800 meters above sea level, pine forests begin. As the mountains rise, the pine forest thickens. There are more than 20 caves in the region. Although they have not been studied by experts, only amateurs who have observed the Peshawar cave recall that inside the cave there is a large and long square (hall), a red hearth, paintings on stone walls and petroglyphic inscriptions abound. In addition,
3835-684: The smallest population is Arnasay with 45,000 people (3.3%) and Yangiabad witj 27,000 people (2.0%) in the district, as of 1 January 2019. By district, the highest population growth rate is for the corresponding period of 2017: 15.8% in Sh. Rashidov district, 12.9% in Jizzakh city, 12.4% in Gʻallaorol district, 11.8% in Arnasay district, and 3.3% in Yangiabad district. Migrants across the region between January and December 2018 numbered about 11,000, and emigrants numbered about 12,000. The migration balance
3900-518: The spring when the Arnasoy depression is flooded, flocks of ducks , wild geese , pelicans and grey herons are found here. This territory serves as a nesting place for rose-coloured starlings , shrikes , and sandpipers . The Jizzakh Region consists of 12 districts (listed below) and one district-level city: Jizzakh . There are 6 cities ( Jizzakh , Gʻallaorol , Doʻstlik , Dashtobod , Gagarin , Paxtakor ) and 42 urban-type settlements in
3965-422: The suffixes are dropped if the verb root already ends on a vowel. (e.g. Qara قره + (i)ng ـینگ = Qarang! قرهنگ; "Look!" ) Third person plural is commonly replaced by third person singular. In the simple past and conditional tenses, the possessive suffixes are used at the end of the verb. Otherwise, the full pronoun suffix is used, except in the imperative. The third person is usually not marked. Negative
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#17327932785364030-401: The year 1300. In the 1340s, the khanate split into two. Moghulistan , or the eastern portion, retained the Tarim Basin and southern Kazakhstan. Jizzakh fell into the western portion, which was initially controlled by Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur , the last independently powerful Khan in the Transoxiana region. In 1346 a tribal chief, Amir Qazaghan , killed Qazan and set up a puppet Khan. This marked
4095-434: Was brought to an abrupt end in 1219 when the newly formed Mongol Empire invaded Khwarazmia. The Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire was one of their most brutal campaigns, and many cities were destroyed including Jizzakh. In 1220, the city was invaded and destroyed, resulting in most of the population being killed and the majority of the city being leveled. Under Mongol rule, the city struggled to recover, and went into
4160-467: Was changed to Chagatai by western scholars due to its origins from the Chagatai Khanate . The ethnonym of the language itself now means "a language spoken by the Uzbeks ." Turkic speakers probably settled the Amu Darya , Syr Darya and Zarafshon river basins from at least 600–650 AD, gradually ousting or assimilating the speakers of the Eastern Iranian languages who previously inhabited Sogdia , Bactria and Khwarazm . The first Turkic dynasty in
4225-444: Was minus 800 persons. The higher the migration balance level was in Pakhtakor (minus 400 persons) in the city of Jizzakh (minus 300 persons). Jizzakh Jizzakh ( / dʒ ɪ z ˈ z æ k / jiz-ZAK ; Uzbek : Jizzax / Жиззах , pronounced [dʒɨzˈzaχ] ) is a city and the center of Jizzakh Region in Uzbekistan , located in the northeast of Samarkand . It is a district-level city. The population of Jizzakh
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