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59-506: Damien Kingsbury has written allegation that the group was set up by Kopassus , the Indonesian Army special forces. In 2020, Tempo Data and Analysis Center, released their investigation report after collecting the sources from that time, confirming part of the story was true, although the formation was actually much like inadvertent. Komando Jihad was formed around 1970s. Based on the record, it already existed around 1975 under

118-664: A Personal Chair as Professor. While at Deakin University, Kingsbury coordinated election observer missions to Timor-Leste in 2007, 2012, 2017 and 2018. In 2014 Kingsbury returned to El Salvador to research the publication Gold, Water and the Struggle for Basic Rights in El Salvador (Oxfam Australia, 14 September 2014) which contributed to the International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes dismissing

177-543: A PhD at Monash University, Cultural and Political Issues in Australian Reporting of Indonesia 1975-1993 . In 1979-80 Kingsbury was a journalist for Australian Associated Press . In 1981 he wrote articles on the civil war in El Salvador, published in The Age , The Sydney Morning Herald and the (London) Observer . Kingsbury took up a staff position with The Age in mid-1981. In 1985, Kingsbury joined

236-712: A Senior Lecturer in International and Community Development. While with Deakin, in 2005 Kingsbury was adviser to the Free Aceh Movement in the Helsinki peace talks, ending three decades of conflict in the western Indonesian province of Aceh . The mediator of these peace talks, former Finnish President Martti Ahtisaari , was awarded a Nobel Peace Prize in October 2008, 'for his efforts on several continents and over more than three decades', including playing

295-610: A claim by Pac Rim Cayman LLC against El Salvador in regard to its freedom to mine under the North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), being the first time the NAFTA provisions had been defeated in court. In 2015, Kingsbury was named Professor of International Politics and in November of the same year he coordinated election observers to Myanmar's general elections. From 2014 to 2015 Kingsbury worked as

354-513: A columnist for The Guardian . He retired from Deakin University at the end of 2020 and was made an Emeritus Professor of the university in July 2021. Kingsbury is the author or editor of: Kingsbury is married to Rae Kingsbury, A.M. (née Perry), former Honorary Consul for Timor-Leste in Victoria 2012–2018, and is father of two children, Alexandra and Cailan. He was Vice-President/Deputy Chair of

413-509: A cut in funding of $ 43 million over three years when accounting for inflation. In the 2019–20 federal budget funding was around $ 3.2 billion over three years ($ 1.06 billion per year) for the ABC. The Enhanced Newsgathering Fund , a specialised fund for regional and outer-suburban news gathering set up in 2013 by the Gillard government , was $ 44 million over three years as of

472-461: A cut of $ 254 million (4.6% ) to funding over the following five years together with the additional unfunded cost of the news channel meant that the ABC would have to shed about 10% of its staff, around 400 people. There were several programming changes, with regional and local programming losing out to national programs, and the Adelaide TV production studio had to close. In November 2016

531-653: A licensing scheme administered by the Postmaster-General's Department was established, allowing certain stations (with "Class A" licences") government funding, albeit with restrictions placed on their advertising content. In 1928, the government established the National Broadcasting Service to take over the 12 A-Class licences as they came up for renewal, and contracted the Australian Broadcasting Company ,

590-444: A new logotype and brand positioning under its tagline, Yours . The 2002 silver logo is no longer in use by the corporation. The operations of the ABC are governed by a board of directors, consisting of a managing director, five to seven directors, and until 2006, a staff-elected director. The managing director is appointed by the board for a period of up to five years, but is eligible for renewal. The authority and guidelines for

649-612: A new system, similar to that of the BBC, for appointing members to the board. Under the new system, candidates for the ABC Board would be considered by an independent panel established "at arm's length" from the Communications Minister. If the minister chose someone not on the panel's shortlist, they would be required to justify this to parliament. The ABC chairman would be nominated by the prime minister and endorsed by

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708-765: A private company established in 1924, to supply programs to the new national broadcaster. After it became politically unpopular to continue to allow the Postmaster-General to run the National Broadcasting Service, the government established the Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) on 1 July 1932, under the Australian Broadcasting Commission Act 1932 . to take over the Australian Broadcasting Company and run

767-765: A prominent role in resolving many conflicts in Namibia; Aceh, Indonesia; Kosovo and Iraq, among other areas'. Kingsbury also advised on conflict resolution to the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam , the West Papua Coalition for National Liberation, on separatist internecine conflict in Nagaland (India) and with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front . In 2006 Kingsbury was promoted to Associate Professor and in 2010 appointed to

826-458: A reduced amount". In all, over a five-year period, there were 737 redundancies, a further 866 resignations, and 203 retirements; but the total number of staff only fell by 313 due to the ABC hiring 650 staff over that period. In June 2021 the ABC announced its plan to move around 300 staff to offices in Parramatta , in a plan which would see 75% of journalists and producers moving out of

885-596: A result of commercial agreements with digital platforms flowing from the Morrison government 's News Media Bargaining Code . In May 2024 the ABC started moving from its Ultimo office to a new Parramatta office. The first program to be broadcast from the new studio in Parramatta was ABC Radio Sydney Mornings . The ABC logo is one of the most recognisable logos in Australia. In the early years of television,

944-872: Is an Australian academic specializing in political and security issues. Kingsbury studied Journalism and Politics at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology . In 1983, he was awarded the Australian News Correspondents Memorial Award as the Tony Joyce Scholar for his journalism from El Salvador , to undertake an MS in Journalism at Columbia University , New York. In 1989, Kingsbury completed an MA in Development Studies at Monash University in 1991. In 1997 he graduated with

1003-594: Is beyond the Bakin's knowledge and claimed it was out-of-hands situation. On 28 March 1981, five members of Komando Jihad boarded a Garuda Douglas DC-9 on a domestic flight from Palembang to Medan and took it and the 57 passengers aboard to Bangkok , Thailand . They were armed with machine guns and dynamite , and demanded the release of 20 political prisoners, that all " Jew officials and Israeli militarists" be expelled from Indonesia, and that they be given $ 1.5 million. After four days, Indonesian commandos stormed

1062-750: Is regularly quoted by Australian and international media on regional political affairs. Kingsbury lectured in Journalism at Deakin University (1989-1991), leaving to complete his PhD studies. He returned to Monash University in 1998 as Coordinator of the MA in Asian Studies and Lecturer in Development Studies. In 1999, Kingsbury led the Australia East Timor International Volunteer Program monitoring mission to Timor-Leste 's 'popular consultation' for independence. In 2001, Kingsbury joined Deakin University as

1121-475: The ABC Australia satellite channel. News and current affairs content across all platforms is produced by the news division. The postal address of the ABC in every Australian capital city is PO Box 9994, as a tribute to the record-breaking Test batting average of Australian cricketer Sir Donald Bradman . After public radio stations were established independently in the state capitals from 1924,

1180-559: The Australian Broadcasting Act that meant the ABC would receive its funding directly from the federal government. Licence fees remained until 1973, when they were abolished by the Whitlam Labor government , on the basis that the near-universality of television and radio services meant that public funding was a fairer method of providing revenue for government-owned radio and television broadcasters. In 2014

1239-632: The Australian Broadcasting Corporation 's Radio News Division, then Radio Australia . While at Radio Australia, Kingsbury was awarded the Australian ASEAN Journalists Program in 1988. Kingsbury has since contributed to a number of media outlets, including as 'World' commentator for ABC Melbourne until 2020 and, until 2019, as international affairs commentator for Crikey and as weekly international affairs commentator for ABC Victoria. He

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1298-633: The Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983 . ABC Commercial , a profit-making division of the corporation, also helps to generate funding for content provision. The ABC was established as the Australian Broadcasting Commission on 1 July 1932 by an Act of federal parliament. It effectively replaced the Australian Broadcasting Company , a private company established in 1924 to provide programming for A-class radio stations. The ABC

1357-600: The Australian Labor Party at the 1972 election), as well as Sir Henry Bland, David Hill was close to Neville Wran , while Donald McDonald was considered to be a close friend of John Howard . From 2003 the Howard government made several controversial appointments to the ABC Board, including prominent ABC critic Janet Albrechtsen , Ron Brunton , and Keith Windschuttle . During their 2007 federal election campaign Labor announced plans to introduce

1416-446: The FM band, broadcasting from Adelaide . It was initially known as ABC-FM (later ABC Classic FM) – referring both to its "fine music programming and radio frequency". ABC budget cuts began in 1976 and continued until 1998, the largest cuts (calculated by the ABC as 25% in real terms) coming between 1985 and 1996. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983 changed the name of

1475-492: The leader of the opposition . A new merit-based appointment system was announced on 16 October 2008, in advance of the new triennial funding period starting in 2009. In 2013 the Coalition government introduced a merit-based system for appointing the board based on the recommendations of a nominations panel. However, the panel was ultimately only advisory, with almost all of the board members in 2018 directly appointed by

1534-489: The 2019–20 budget, a reduction of $ 28 million per year since the 2016 Australian federal election . This came after speculation that the fund would be removed, to which Acting managing director David Anderson wrote to Communications Minister Mitch Fifield expressing concerns. Despite the cuts made by Prime Minister Tony Abbott and Communications Minister Malcolm Turnbull and the freeze introduced by Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull and Communications Minister Mitch Fifield,

1593-449: The ABC absorbed $ 254 million in federal budget deficits. In the 2018–19 budget handed down by then-Treasurer Scott Morrison , the ABC was subject to a pause of indexation of operation funding, saving the federal government a total of $ 83.7 million over 3 years. In fiscal year 2016–17, the ABC received $ 861 million in federal funding, which increased to $ 865 million per year from 2017 to 2018 to 2018–19, representing

1652-476: The ABC announced that ABC News 24, ABC NewsRadio , as well as its online and digital news brands, would be rebranded under a unified ABC News brand, which was launched on 10 April 2017. Michelle Guthrie took over from managing director Mark Scott , whose second five-year contract finished in April 2016. Between July 2017 and June 2018, the whole of the ABC underwent an organisational restructure, after which

1711-447: The ABC had been using Lissajous curves as fillers between programmes. In July 1963, the ABC conducted a staff competition to create a new logo for use on television, stationery, publications, microphone badges and ABC vehicles. In 1965, ABC graphics designer Bill Kennard submitted a design representing a Lissajous display, as generated when a sine wave signal is applied to the "X" input of an oscilloscope and another at three times

1770-605: The ABC music label. In 1991 the corporation's Sydney radio and orchestral operations moved to a new building, the ABC Ultimo Centre, in the inner-city suburb of Ultimo . In Melbourne, the ABC Southbank Centre was completed in 1994. In 1992 Australian children's television series Bananas in Pyjamas first aired. International television service ABC Australia was established in 1993, while at

1829-570: The Australian Broadcasting Corporation in 1983. The ABC provides radio, television, online, and mobile services throughout metropolitan and regional Australia. ABC Radio operates four national networks, a large number of ABC Local Radio stations, several digital stations, and the international service Radio Australia . ABC Television operates five free-to-air channels, as well as the ABC iview streaming service and

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1888-615: The Australian taxpayer and is administered by a government-appointed board . The ABC is a publicly owned body that is politically independent and accountable such as through its production of annual reports and is bound by provisions contained within the Public Interest Disclosure Act 2013 and the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013, with its charter enshrined in legislation,

1947-697: The Balibo House Trust until late 2024 and formerly a Director on the Board of the East Timor Hearts Fund. He is also a founding Board member of the Australia Myanmar Institute and led the 2018 Australia Timor-Leste Election Observer Mission. Australian Broadcasting Corporation The Australian Broadcasting Corporation ( ABC ) is the national broadcaster of Australia . It is principally funded by

2006-577: The Communications minister, despite some being rejected by the panel or not being considered at all. As of March 2024 board members include: The ABC is primarily funded by the Australian government , in addition to some revenue received from commercial offerings and its retail outlets . The ABC's funding system is set and reviewed every three years. Until 1948 the ABC was funded directly by radio licence fees; amendments were also made to

2065-749: The National Broadcasting Service. The ABC became informally referred to as "Aunty", originally in imitation of the British Broadcasting Corporation's nickname . The structure and programming was broadly modelled on the British Broadcasting Corporation, and programs not created in Australia were mostly bought in from the BBC . In 1940 one of the ABC Board 's most prominent members, Dick Boyer ,

2124-476: The Radio and Television Divisions were no longer separate entities each under a director, instead being split across several functional divisions, with different teams producing different genres of content for television, radio and digital platforms. The Entertainment & Specialist (E&S) team focussed on comedy, kids' programs, drama, Indigenous-related programs, music, other entertainment and factual content;

2183-472: The Ultimo building by 2025 to reduce costs. Rental from some of the vacant space in the city centre would earn additional income to offset the ongoing effects of the significant funding cuts since 2014 and the recent indexation freeze. In December 2021 the ABC announced that, in addition to the 83 additional positions already established, it was to create an additional "50-plus" new jobs in regional Australia as

2242-509: The appointment of directors is provided for in the Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983 . Appointments to the ABC Board made by successive governments have often resulted in criticism of the appointees' political affiliation, background, and relative merit. Past appointments have associated directly with political parties – five of fourteen appointed chairmen have been accused of political affiliation or friendship, include Richard Downing and Ken Myer (both of whom publicly endorsed

2301-550: The case. In June 2020 the ABC announced it needed to cut 229 jobs, a number of programs, and reduce its travel and production budgets after the Turnbull government 's announcement of a freeze to indexation of its budget in 2018 this was estimated at the time to cost the ABC A$ 84 million over three years, however the actual appropriation did not decrease and the ABC chair was quoted as saying it would actually increase "but by

2360-445: The current Indonesian State Intelligence Agency ) for providing mass base for the ruling government to prepare the 1971 election . However, the plan apparently backfired, as some of the veterans later returned to jihadism and Islamic extremism and sided against Suharto. Formation of DRII and the later Komando Jihad , were unexpected and not anticipated by the government. Sudomo said that their transformation into DRII and Komando Jihad

2419-645: The examination of over 9,200 documents, including internal emails. In February 2020 the case was dismissed by the federal court . In June 2020, the AFP sent a brief of evidence to the Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions (CDPP), the federal public prosecutor, recommending charges be laid against journalist Dan Oakes for breaking the Afghan Files story, but in October 2020, the CDPP dropped

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2478-470: The frequency at the "Y" input. The letters "ABC" were added to the design and it was adopted as the ABC's official logo. Kennard was presented with £ 25 (about AU $ 850 in 2024) for his design. On 19 October 1974 the Lissajous curve design experienced its first facelift with the line thickened to allow for colour to be used. It would also be treated to the 'over and under' effect, showing the crossover of

2537-555: The group was founding Islamic State of Indonesia and toppling communism. In another side, Admiral Sudomo, Commander of Kopkamtib revealed in aftermath of the hijack of the Garuda Indonesia Flight 206 to the ulamas that in early 1970s, the government actually fostered some Darul Islam veterans under government wing under Indonesian state intelligence agency at that time, Intelligence Coordinating Agency (Indonesian: Badan Koordinasi Intelijen , Bakin, predecessor of

2596-496: The line in the design. To celebrate its 70th anniversary on 1 July 2002, the ABC adopted a new logo, which was created by (Annette) Harcus Design in 2001. This logo used a silver 3D texture but the crossover design was left intact and was then used across the ABC's media outlets. After the on-air revival of the 1974 logo since 2014, the ABC gradually reinstated the classic symbol. The most recent change happened in February 2018, with

2655-495: The name of Indonesian Islamic Revolutionary Board (Indonesian: Dewan Revolusi Islam Indonesia , DRII) an anti- Suharto underground Islamic resistance movement by Imran bin Muhammad Zein. In the letter to Ruhollah Khomeini supposed to be sent after Iranian Revolution , Imran congratulated him about the successful revolution, and claimed founding DRII with the assistance of some officers of the Indonesian Army . The goal of

2714-564: The new ABC Specialist team created content across the arts, science, religion & ethics, education and society & culture; while the Regional & Local team focussed on regional and local content. Around 23 September 2018 Guthrie was fired. A leadership crisis ensued after allegations arose that Chair, Justin Milne , had, according to the MEAA , engaged in "overt political interference in

2773-428: The organisation to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, effective 1 July 1983. Although funded and owned by the government, the ABC remains editorially independent as ensured by the 1983 Act. At the same time, the newly formed corporation underwent significant restructuring, including a split into separate television and radio divisions, and ABC Radio was restructured significantly again in 1985. Geoffrey Whitehead

2832-593: The plane, killing three out of the five hijackers and the plane's pilot. Two of the hijackers surrendered to Thai commandos, but they were extrajudicially killed by the Kopassus commandos on the plane trip back to Jakarta. It was the first plane hijacking event in the history of the Republic of Indonesia Airline and the first jihad motivated terrorism in Indonesia. Damien Kingsbury Damien Kingsbury ,

2891-452: The running of the ABC that is in clear breach of the ABC charter and the role of the chairperson" by interfering in editorial and staffing matters. After pressure for an independent inquiry or statement from Milne, or his resignation, following meetings by ABC staff in various locations, on 27 September Milne resigned. In February 2019, after the roles of ABC chair and managing director had been vacant for more than four months, Ita Buttrose

2950-588: The same time Radio Australia increased its international reach. Reduced funding in 1997 for Radio Australia resulted in staff and programming cuts. The ABC Multimedia Unit was established in July 1995 to manage the new ABC website, which was launched in August. The ABC was registered on the Australian Business Register as a Commonwealth Government Entity on 1 November 1999. In 2001 digital television commenced (see Online, below ). At

3009-472: The same time the ABC's multimedia division was renamed "ABC New Media", becoming an output division of the ABC alongside television and radio. In 2002 the ABC launched ABC Asia Pacific , the replacement for the defunct Australia Television International operated previously by the Seven Network . A digital radio service, ABC DiG , was also launched in November that year. On 8 February 2008 ABC TV

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3068-487: The vast area to be serviced. In 1947 a proposal to increase the fee for a broadcast listeners' licence from £1 to £1/5/ was scotched, and in 1949 the Chifley government decided that the ABC would be directly funded by the taxpayer, with licence fees subsumed into general revenue. Later funding was supplemented with commercial activities related to its core broadcasting mission. The Australian Broadcasting Commission became

3127-429: Was appointed to the ABC, becoming chairman on 1 April 1945. Today known for the continuing series of Boyer Lectures initiated by him in 1959, he had a good but not too close working relationship with Sir Charles Moses (general manager 1935–1965 ), and remained chair until his retirement in 1961. He was determined to maintain the autonomy of the ABC. The ABC commenced television broadcasting in 1956. ABN-2 in Sydney

3186-407: Was given statutory powers that reinforced its independence from the government and enhanced its news-gathering role. Modelled after the British Broadcasting Corporation ( BBC ), which is funded by a television licence , the ABC was originally financed by licence fees on households with a broadcast receiver. However, the licence fees soon proved to be insufficient due to Australia's small population and

3245-415: Was inaugurated by prime minister Robert Menzies on 5 November 1956, with the first broadcast presented by Michael Charlton , and James Dibble reading the first television news bulletin. Television relay facilities were not in place until the early 1960s, so news bulletins had to be sent to each capital city by teleprinter , to be prepared and presented separately in each city. In 1975, colour television

3304-465: Was managing director of the ABC at this time. Following his resignation in 1986, David Hill (at the time chair of the ABC Board) took over his position and local production trebled from 1986 to 1991. Live television broadcasts of selected parliamentary sessions started in 1990, and by the early 1990s, all major ABC broadcasting outlets moved to 24-hour-a-day operation. In 1991 the ABC helped launch Australian children's music band The Wiggles , under

3363-402: Was named chair. Buttrose named David Anderson as managing director in May 2019. On 5 June 2019 Australian Federal Police (AFP) raided the headquarters of the ABC looking for articles written in 2017 about alleged misconduct by Australian special forces in Afghanistan, later dubbed the Afghan Files . The raid was countered by lawyers for the ABC in litigation against the AFP, challenging

3422-415: Was permanently introduced into Australia, and within a decade, the ABC had moved into satellite broadcasting , greatly enhancing its ability to distribute content nationally. Also, in 1975 the ABC introduced a 24-hour-a-day AM rock station in Sydney, 2JJ ( Double Jay ), which was eventually expanded into the national Triple J FM network. A year later, a national classical music network was established on

3481-399: Was rebranded as ABC1 , and a new channel for children, ABC3 , was funded and announced by the Rudd government in June. A new online video-on-demand service launched in July of the same year, titled ABC iview . ABC News 24 , now known as ABC News, a channel dedicated to news, launched on 22 July 2010. On 20 July 2014, ABC1 reverted to its original name of ABC TV. In November 2014

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