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109-532: The Carter Library and Museum includes some parts that are owned and administered by the federal government, and some that are privately owned and operated. The library and museum are run by the National Archives and Records Administration and are part of the presidential library system of the federal government. Privately owned areas house Carter's offices and the offices of the Carter Center ,

218-458: A non-profit human rights agency . The building housing the library and museum makes up 69,750 square feet (6,480 square metres), with 15,269 square feet (1,418.5 square metres) of space for exhibits and 19,818 square feet (1,841.2 square metres) of archive and storage space. The library stacks house 27 million pages of documents; 500,000 photos, and 40,000 objects, along with films, videos, and audiotapes . These collections cover all areas of

327-558: A Carter campaign worker who confided in Rosalynn that her daughter had a mental illness, the sight of the exhausted woman haunted Carter and became a factor in her eventual focus on mental health. Jimmy would later disclose that during the campaign and in the years of his governorship they became "keenly aware of the unmet needs of people in our state who suffered from mental and emotional disabilities." Mary Prince (an African American woman wrongly convicted of murder, and later pardoned)

436-421: A closeness with each other over shared values that others opposed. Jimmy thoroughly consulted with Rosalynn before he mounted a bid for Governor of Georgia in 1966. She traveled to multiple towns throughout the state with promotional materials, visiting establishments such as radio stations and newspaper offices, and attending meetings of civic organizations. In one encounter, she tried endorsing her husband to

545-458: A docent or self-guided tour. Together the library and The Coca-Cola Foundation have established funding for the library to provide transportation funds for all Georgia schools to use when bringing students to the museum for education activities. Following her death, Rosalynn Carter laid in repose at the library on 27 November 2023. National Archives and Records Administration The National Archives and Records Administration ( NARA )

654-699: A federal judge for the District Court for the District of Columbia ruled against the National Archives that the records must be preserved stating, "NARA's approval of the schedule was arbitrary and capricious on the grounds that NARA failed to evaluate the research value of the ICE records and that NARA failed to address significant and relevant public comments." In January 2020, a Washington Post reporter noticed blurred protest signs in an image of

763-494: A man in Washington, Georgia , the latter declaring his support for Republican candidate Bo Callaway before spitting on her. Rosalynn would later describe the encounter as the "worst political experience of my life." Summarizing the race, Carter wrote, "This was a brief and rushed campaign, but we all learned many things that were helpful to us later." The 1966 gubernatorial campaign saw the beginning of new interactions between

872-623: A mental health problem." Carter served as an active honorary chair of the President's Commission on Mental Health . On behalf of the Mental Health System Bill enacted in 1980, she testified before a Senate committee, making her the second first lady to appear before the Congress (the first being Eleanor Roosevelt ). Of her priorities, mental health was the highest. Working to change the nature of government assistance to

981-582: A museum in Washington, D.C., that displays the Charters of Freedom, and 15 research facilities across the country. The agency's online catalog makes available over 160 million records ranging from before the start of the republic to the modern government. However, the digitized records represent only a small fraction of the over 13 billion pages in the holdings of the National Archives. The National Archives governs federal records and information policy for

1090-501: A picture of him in his U.S. Naval Academy uniform, and they married in 1946. Carter helped her husband win the governorship of Georgia in 1970 , and decided to focus her attention in the field of mental health when she was that state's first lady . She campaigned for him during his successful bid to become president of the United States in the 1976 election , defeating incumbent Republican president Gerald Ford . Carter

1199-530: A picture of him in his Annapolis uniform. The two were riding in the back seat of the car of Ruth Carter Stapleton 's boyfriend when Jimmy surprised Rosalynn by kissing her. This was the first time that Rosalynn had ever allowed a boy to do so on the first date. Rosalynn agreed to marry Jimmy in February 1946 when she went to Annapolis with his parents. The two scheduled their marriage to take place in July and kept

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1308-656: A reduction in nuclear weapons via an international study. On December 30, 1977, Rosalynn Carter and National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski met with Stefan Wyszyński at the Cardinal's Warsaw residence. President Carter said the meeting was intended to display American "appreciation for the degree of freedom of worship in the country". Carter led the American delegation to the May 1978 inauguration of Rodrigo Carazo Odio as president of Costa Rica . In August 1978, she led

1417-483: A requestor's verifiable relation to a subject of interest, restricted files may be obtainable under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Since 2005, NARA has held annual Genealogy Fairs with guest speakers and research workshops. These events are free of charge and are designed for interested individuals of any skill level. Materials from past Genealogy Fairs are available on the National Archives website. In 2010,

1526-588: A result of his decision and would interact with him through their children. The Carters were fans of the New York Yankees until the Braves moved to Atlanta . They said they never went to bed arguing with each other. In 1953, after her husband left the Navy, Rosalynn helped run the family peanut farm and warehouse business, handling accounting responsibilities. Around this time, yearning for another child,

1635-524: A teacher and minister. Her sister, Lillian Allethea (Smith) Wall (born 1936), known as Allethea, named for her mother and for Lillian Gordy Carter (the Smith and Carter families being friends), is a real estate broker. Rosalynn was named after Rosa Wise Murray, her maternal grandmother. Smith's grand-uncle W.S. Wise was one of the American Brazilians known as Confederados who emigrated from

1744-613: A volunteer at the Georgia Regional Hospital at Atlanta , and for four years was honorary chairperson for the Georgia Special Olympics . Her work in addressing social issues made her "virtually revered in professional health care circles." Her activities included entertaining as many as 750 people a week for dinner at the Governor's Mansion . Governor Carter once claimed that he had supported

1853-455: A warrant for a search of the residence in August 2022. NARA's holdings are classed into "record groups" reflecting the governmental department or agency from which they originated. Records include paper documents, microfilm , still pictures, motion pictures, and electronic media. Archival descriptions of the permanent holdings of the federal government in the custody of NARA are stored in

1962-491: Is an independent agency of the United States government within the executive branch, charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It is also tasked with increasing public access to those documents that make up the National Archives. NARA is officially responsible for maintaining and publishing the legally authentic and authoritative copies of acts of Congress , presidential directives , and federal regulations. NARA also transmits votes of

2071-564: Is headquartered in the National Archives Building in Washington, D.C. The mission of the National Archives is: We drive openness, cultivate public participation, and strengthen our nation's democracy through equitable public access to high-value government records. The work of the National Archives is dedicated to two main functions: public engagement and federal records and information management. The National Archives administers 15 Presidential Libraries and Museums ,

2180-786: Is owned by the National Park Service and is part of the Jimmy Carter National Historical Park , to be converted into a museum after their death. Early in his administration, Carter indicated interest in having his presidential library be built in Georgia. The site chosen was in the Poncey–Highland neighborhood of Atlanta, on land that had been acquired by the state of Georgia Department of Transportation , for an interchange between two redundant highways that were cancelled by Carter when he

2289-581: The Federal Register , Code of Federal Regulations , and United States Statutes at Large , among others. It also administers the Electoral College . The National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)—the agency's grant-making arm—awards funds to state and local governments, public and private archives, colleges and universities, and other nonprofit organizations to preserve and publish historical records. Since 1964,

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2398-498: The 1980 election in which he lost in a landslide to Republican nominee Ronald Reagan . After leaving the White House in 1981, Carter continued to advocate for mental health and other causes, wrote several books, and became involved in the national and international work of the Carter Center . She and her husband also contributed to the expansion of the nonprofit housing organization Habitat for Humanity . In 1987, she founded

2507-484: The 2017 Women's March at the Archives' public exhibit. Some of the edited signs contained potentially offensive language, and some mentioned president Donald Trump . Besides censoring language, the changes altered the meaning of some protest signs. The agency defended the edits and said they were made "so as not to engage in current political controversy", but admitted it "made a mistake   ... we were wrong to alter

2616-559: The Atlanta balls when Jimmy became governor. Carter declared that she had no intention of being a traditional first lady of the United States. During her husband's administration, she supported his public policies as well as his social and personal life. To remain fully informed, she sat in on Cabinet meetings at the invitation of the President. The first meeting she attended was on February 28, 1977, where she felt comfortable since she

2725-459: The Civil War 's Battle of Atlanta . Although President Herbert Hoover and almost all Presidents since (except John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson ) have chosen to be buried at their presidential museum, this will not be the case for Jimmy Carter, who plans to be interred at his home at Plains, Georgia with his wife Rosalynn Carter . The Carters have also planned for their home, which

2834-489: The Electoral College to Congress. It also examines Electoral College and constitutional amendment ratification documents for prima facie legal sufficiency and an authenticating signature. The National Archives, and its publicly exhibited Charters of Freedom , which include the original United States Declaration of Independence , United States Constitution , United States Bill of Rights , Emancipation Proclamation (starting in 2026), and many other historical documents,

2943-631: The Equal Rights Amendment while his wife was opposed to the measure; the First Lady privately confronted him upon hearing news of the claim and Carter corrected himself by later announcing to the press, "I thought I knew what Rosalynn thought, but I was wrong." When her husband's gubernatorial term ended in January 1975, Rosalynn, Jimmy, and Amy Carter returned to Plains. Jimmy had already announced his plans to run for president of

3052-648: The Iowa victory of the Carter re-election campaign, which saw President Carter defeat Kennedy 59.2% to 31.2%, made it easier for her to be unbothered by Kennedy's attacks. Although President Carter was able to secure the nomination, Rosalynn would come to believe that Kennedy had damaged the Democratic Party through his campaign and inadequately assisted in the general election: "He was a poor loser. I thought that once he saw that he could not win he would try to help

3161-467: The National Archives at College Park ("Archives II") was opened in 1994 near the University of Maryland, College Park . The Washington National Records Center (WNRC), also located in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area, is a large warehouse facility where federal records that are still under the control of the creating agency are stored. Federal government agencies pay a yearly fee for storage at

3270-639: The National Security Archive revealed that the National Archives budget (when adjusted for inflation) has not increased since 1991 despite the exponential growth of electronic records created by the federal government. Under the first Trump Administration , the National Archives had significant difficulty maintaining historical records as the President would often rip, flush, and otherwise discard records, which would then have to be reconstructed and reclaimed by White House and NARA archivists. Additionally, according to multiple former staff,

3379-594: The White House's Christmas tree with ornaments made from pine cones, peanuts, and egg shells. On July 27, 1978, Carter was the host of "First Lady's Employment Seminar". Between 200 and 300 delegates came and shared information to learn how other communities responded to the problem of unemployment. Carter remembered 1979 and 1980 as years of never-ending crises, the years having "Big ones and small ones, potential disasters and mere annoyances." During 1978, Carter became involved with an effort to reform D.C. General Hospital after criticizing its appearance, and traveled to

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3488-572: The first lady of the United States from 1977 to 1981, as the wife of president Jimmy Carter , the 39th president of the United States. Throughout her decades of public service she was a leading advocate for women's rights and mental health . Carter was born and raised in Plains, Georgia , graduated as valedictorian of Plains High School, and soon after attended Georgia Southwestern College , where she graduated in 1946. She first became attracted to her future husband, also from Plains, after seeing

3597-484: The public domain , as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, records from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. Executive Order 13526 directs originating agencies to declassify documents if possible before shipment to NARA for long-term storage, but NARA also stores some classified documents until they can be declassified . Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for

3706-547: The 2023 NDAA, NARA had been given a legal deadline of 60 days, for the Archivist to "commence establishment of a collection of unidentified anomalous phenomena." According to NARA, the "Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) Records Collection will consist of 'copies of all Government, Government-provided, or Government-funded records relating to unidentified anomalous phenomena, technologies of unknown origin, and non-human intelligence (or equivalent subjects by any other name with

3815-520: The American delegation to the funeral of Pope Paul VI in Rome. She also led a delegation to Thailand in 1979 to address the problems of Cambodian and Laotian refugees. She examined camps where Cambodian refugees had fled to avoid the combat between the Vietnamese troops and the government of Pol Pot . Helping the refugees, particularly the children, became a special cause for her. She returned to

3924-455: The Archives, in a cooperative agreement with the University of Virginia Press , created Founders Online , a website for providing free public access to the papers and letters of seven of the nation's most influential founders: John Adams , Benjamin Franklin , Alexander Hamilton , John Jay , Thomas Jefferson , James Madison , and George Washington . Launched three years later, in 2013,

4033-552: The Carter Administration materials at the end of Carter's term in early 1981. As of 2014, the current director is Dr. Meredith Evans , an Atlanta native who had held various leadership positions in special collections and libraries in institutions such as Washington University in St. Louis and George Washington University . The library and museum offers free admission to all students 16 and under. They can either go on

4142-418: The Carter administration, from foreign and domestic policy to the personal lives of President Jimmy Carter and First Lady Mrs. Rosalynn Carter . The complex is situated next to John Lewis Freedom Parkway , which was originally called "Presidential Parkway" (and at one point, "Jimmy Carter Parkway") in its planning stages. The land on which the museum sits was a part of General Sherman 's headquarters during

4251-610: The Carters discovered Rosalynn had physical ailments preventing pregnancy. She underwent surgery to remove a large tumor from her uterus 12 years later. Her obstetrician confirmed she could have another child, and their daughter Amy was born thereafter. Rosalynn had different relationships with each member of Jimmy's family. Becoming friends with his sister, who was two years younger than she, Rosalynn gave her dresses she had outgrown. However, she and Jimmy's mother, Lillian Gordy Carter , had difficulty living together. In later years,

4360-452: The Carters, as Rosalynn was now determined to know her husband's positions on issues and be informed. The month after the election, Jimmy Carter began campaigning for the 1970 Georgia gubernatorial election. In this campaign, Rosalynn made speeches, which she had not done in prior campaigns. The Carters were separated for most of their travels, and she also began writing speeches for the first time in her involvement in politics. When she met

4469-551: The Democratic Party because I thought it was so important to keep Ronald Reagan out of the White House and I thought he should have helped. Instead, he tore the Democratic Party to pieces." In the last few months of her husband's presidency, Rosalynn was confident that she and her husband would be able to defeat Reagan in the general election . On her birthday, she saw polls that showed they were gaining on Reagan, whose previous lead of 25 percent had decreased to 7 percent. In

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4578-461: The Democratic presidential primaries. He would later write that the ongoing Iran hostage crisis impacted his choice to rely on his wife among others in his administration to advocate for his policies on the campaign trail. Vice President Mondale would come to view himself and Rosalynn as President Carter's proxies through much of the spring portion of the election cycle. She would reflect that

4687-582: The East Wing". After leaving the White House, Carter reflected of Washington, "I love this city. I loved living here and being so close to the seat of power, being a part of the political system. When you watched television you knew the people involved, you were familiar with both sides of the issues." During the 1976 campaign, Carter spoke to feminists about her equal partnership with her husband. In January 1977, prior to his inauguration, Carter substituted for him in speaking with Senator Birch Bayh over

4796-665: The Institute for Caregivers, to inform and support the efforts of caregivers . She received the Presidential Medal of Freedom alongside her husband in 1999. Eleanor Rosalynn Smith was born on August 18, 1927, in Plains, Georgia . She was the eldest of four children of Wilburn Edgar Smith, an auto mechanic , bus driver , and farmer, and Frances Allethea "Allie" Murray Smith, a teacher, dressmaker , and postal worker . Her brothers were William Jerrold "Jerry" Smith (1929–2003), an engineer, and Murray Lee Smith (1932–2003),

4905-503: The NHPRC has awarded some 4,500 grants. The Office of Government Information Services (OGIS) is a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) resource for the public and the government. Congress has charged NARA with reviewing FOIA policies, procedures, and compliance of federal agencies and to recommend changes to FOIA. NARA's mission also includes resolving FOIA disputes between federal agencies and requesters. Originally, each branch and agency of

5014-481: The National Archives Catalog. The archival descriptions include information on traditional paper holdings, electronic records, and artifacts. As of December 2012, the catalog consisted of about 10 billion logical data records describing 527,000 artifacts and encompassing 81% of NARA's records. There are also 922,000 digital copies of already digitized materials. Most records at NARA are in

5123-570: The National Archives announced it would make copies of its collection of Universal Newsreels from 1929 to 1967 available for purchase through CreateSpace , an Amazon.com subsidiary. During the announcement, Weinstein noted that the agreement would "... reap major benefits for the public-at-large and for the National Archives." Adding, "While the public can come to our College Park, Maryland, research room to view films and even copy them at no charge, this new program will make our holdings much more accessible to millions of people who cannot travel to

5232-623: The National Archives in accordance with the Presidential Records Act. In February 2022, U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland announced that the National Archives had notified the Justice Department that it found classified documents within boxes provided to them from the former-president Donald Trump's residence at Mar-a-Lago . After further investigation, the Federal Bureau of Investigation executed

5341-643: The November 4 election, Carter lost to Reagan in a landslide. She would later cite Christian conservatives, the Iran hostage crisis, inflation, and the desire to wage a protest vote against the current administration with having contributed to Carter's defeat. Her husband's loss came shortly after the passing of the Mental Health System Act, which sought to do much of what she had worked for during her tenure as first lady. However, after Ronald Reagan

5450-417: The President would ask to keep certain records that otherwise would be returned. As part of its role in receiving and authenticating Electoral College votes, the agency intercepted and rejected forged certificates of ascertainment from Trump allies in seven states who were strategizing to overturn the 2020 presidential election . Upon leaving office in 2021, Donald Trump delayed providing material to

5559-620: The U.S. as quickly as possible to mobilize assistance to assuage the refugees' plight. Carter was the first of all the First Ladies to keep her own office in the East Wing . She also oversaw her family at the White House . Her daughter, Amy, attracted much public attention. The two youngest sons, Chip and Jeff, and their families also lived in the White House. Other members of the family, including son Jack and his wife and children, were frequent visitors. Carter's Secret Service codename

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5668-551: The U.S. government was responsible for maintaining its own documents, which often resulted in the loss and destruction of records. Congress created the National Archives Establishment in 1934 to centralize federal record-keeping, with the Archivist of the United States serving as chief administrator. R. D. W. Connor was chosen to be the first leader of the organization. After a recommendation by

5777-496: The U.S. government's security classification system. Most people who access records at NARA are genealogists or family historians. While many records are available online through the National Archives Catalog , individuals can also request paper copies and microfilm scans. When applicable, the catalog will indicate a document's physical location in a National Archives facility . Census records are among

5886-428: The United States and played a prominent role in expediting an appeal for large assistance after she witnessed their suffering during her visit. By this time, however, her husband had met with families of the hostages in Iran . The families were more concerned about what they needed to do to get their loved ones out than they were about whether or not they would ever get out. Carter stated that she had wanted to return to

5995-588: The United States to the Brazilian Empire after the American Civil War . Smith's family lived in poverty, although she later said that she and her siblings were unaware of it, because even though their family "didn't have much money [...] neither did anyone else, so as far as we knew, we were well off." Churches and schools were at the center of her family's community, and the people of Plains were familiar with each other. Smith played with

6104-441: The United States, the National Archives maintains both research facilities and additional federal records centers (FRCs). In many cases, the research rooms of regional archives are located at the same site as the federal records center, which is inaccessible to the public. In April 2019 an unknown person set fire to an exterior wall of the archives building using a homemade incendiary device before firefighters were able to extinguish

6213-410: The United States. Rosalynn got back on the campaign trail, this time on a national quest to gather support for her husband. She campaigned alone on his behalf in 41 states. Because of her husband's obscurity at the time, she often had to answer the question, "Jimmy who?" She promoted the establishment of additional daycare facilities and adjustments to " Social Security and so many other things to help

6322-405: The Washington, D.C. area." The agreement also calls for CreateSpace partnership to provide the National Archives with digital reference and preservation copies of the films as part of NARA's preservation program. The National Archives currently utilizes social media and Web 2.0 technologies in an attempt to communicate better with the public. On June 18, 2009, the National Archives announced

6431-504: The White House for "informal, off‐the‐record, deep discussions about issues." Rafshoon was selected and confirmed for the position. In March 1977, Carter gave her first interview since becoming first lady. She outlined her goals in focusing on mental health: "For every person who needs mental health care to be able to receive it close to his home, and to remove the stigma from mental health care so people will be free to talk about it and seek help. It's been taboo for so long to admit you had

6540-852: The archive's collections. Responsibility for non-law enforcement recovery activities has since been transferred to the NARA Office of the Chief Operating Officer. In 2023, the 118th United States Congress and President of the United States Joe Biden passed into law the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 , which included provisions of the Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena Disclosure Act . With enactment of

6649-550: The arrangement secret. Rosalynn resisted telling her mother she had chosen to marry instead of continuing her education. On July 7, 1946, they married in Plains. Their marriage caused Rosalynn to cancel her plans to attend Georgia State College for Women , where she had planned to study interior design. The couple had four children: John William "Jack" (b. 1947), James Earl "Chip" III (b. 1950), Donnel Jeffrey "Jeff" (b. 1952), and Amy Lynn (b. 1967). Due to Jimmy's military duties,

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6758-500: The arrangement secret. Rosalynn was hesitant to tell her mother she had chosen to marry instead of continuing her education. On July 7, 1946, they married in Plains. Their marriage caused Rosalynn to cancel her plans to attend Georgia State College for Women , where she had planned to study interior design. The couple had four children: John William "Jack" (b. 1947), James Earl "Chip" III (b. 1950), Donnel Jeffrey "Jeff" (b. 1952), and Amy Lynn (b. 1967). After helping her husband win

6867-518: The balcony at Madison Square Garden with friends and family the night of the nomination while her husband was with his mother and daughter. She had "butterflies in her stomach" until the Ohio delegation announced its votes were for her husband. Rosalynn wished she could have been with him at that time. The Carters met with all the potential running mates, and instantly gained affinity for Walter Mondale after meeting with him and his wife Joan . Following

6976-424: The boys during her early childhood since no girls on her street were her age. She drew buildings and was interested in airplanes, which led her to believe that she would someday become an architect. Rosalynn's father died of leukemia in 1940 when she was thirteen. She called the loss of her father the conclusion of her childhood. Thereafter, she helped her mother raise her younger siblings, as well as assisting in

7085-706: The conclusion of those meetings, they now rely on her substantially to be sure that I understand the sensitivities of the people". Following the Latin America meetings, David Vidal observed, "Mrs. Carter has achieved a personal and diplomatic success that goes far beyond the modest expectations of both her foreign policy tutors at the State Department and her hosts." In a June 7, 1977, news conference, Carter stated that her meetings with Brazilian leaders included discussions on human rights and her wishes for Brazil to include itself among other countries seeking

7194-645: The couple rode two and a half miles a day on three-wheel electric scooters, and they read the Bible aloud to each other in Spanish before they went to bed each night. From 1962 (the year Jimmy was elected to the Georgia State Senate ) until her death, she had been active in the political arena. Carter backed Lyndon B. Johnson in the 1964 presidential election , which she stated put her and her family at odds with other Georgians and caused them to develop

7303-518: The detailed records and materials of non-human intelligence origins, "which shall be transmitted to the National Archives in accordance with section 2107 of title 44, United States Code." The most well-known facility of the National Archives and Records Administration is the National Archives Building (informally known as "Archives I"), located north of the National Mall on Constitution Avenue in Washington, D.C. A sister facility, known as

7412-545: The dressmaking business to meet the family's financial obligations. Rosalynn would credit her mother with inspiring her own independence and said that she learned from her mother that "you can do what you have to do". At Plains High School, Rosalynn worked hard to achieve her father's dream of seeing her go to college. Rosalynn graduated as valedictorian of Plains High School. Soon after, she attended Georgia Southwestern College and graduated in 1946. During her time in college, Rosalynn served as vice president of her class and

7521-830: The education team. The site features 3,000 documents, images, and recordings from the holdings of the Archives. It also features lesson plans and tools for creating new classroom activities and lessons. In 2011, the National Archives initiated a WikiProject on the English Misplaced Pages to expand collaboration in making its holdings widely available through Wikimedia. In December 2019, the National Archives approved record schedules for federal records created by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) which documented detainee sexual abuse and assault, death review files, detention monitoring reports, detainee escape reports, detainee segregation files, and Detention Information Reporting Line records. The schedules permitted ICE to destroy

7630-757: The elderly." During the months when she was campaigning across the country, she was elected to the board of directors of the National Association of Mental Health , honored by the National Organization for Women with an Award of Merit for her vigorous support for the Equal Rights Amendment , and received the Volunteer of the Year Award from the Southwestern Association of Volunteer Services. Rosalynn sat in

7739-444: The election, the Carters traveled to the White House and met with President Ford and First Lady Betty Ford , the latter becoming a role model for Rosalynn. When her husband assumed the presidency in January 1977, Rosalynn and Jimmy Carter walked hand-in-hand down Pennsylvania Avenue during his presidential inauguration parade . The gown that she wore to the inaugural balls was the same one that she had worn six years earlier at

7848-510: The executive branch and preserves and makes available the records of the judicial and legislative branches. Agencies in the executive branch are required by the Federal Records Act to follow approved records schedules. All records maintained by the executive branch must be properly identified by NARA and authorized for eventual destruction or appraised to be of permanent historical or legal value to be preserved and made available to

7957-414: The facility. In accordance with federal records schedules, documents at WNRC are transferred to the legal custody of the National Archives after a certain time; this usually involves a relocation of the records to College Park. Temporary records at WNRC are either retained for a fee or destroyed after retention times have elapsed. WNRC also offers research services and maintains a small research room. Across

8066-839: The first Hoover Commission in 1949, the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). NARA was officially given its independence from the GSA with the passing of the Records Administration Act of 1984, thus giving birth to the institution that exists today. In December 1978, millions of feet of newsreels were destroyed in a fire at an offsite location in Suitland, Maryland . The reels, made of exceptionally flammable nitrate material, had been donated previously by Universal Pictures and were stored in special vaults intended to protect against fires. In total over 12.6 million feet of film

8175-419: The first three were born in different parts of the country and away from Georgia. During that time, Rosalynn enjoyed the independence she had gained from raising the children on her own. However, their relationship faced its first major crisis when she opposed Jimmy's resigning to return to Plains in 1953 after he learned his father was dying. Jimmy reflected that she "avoided talking to me as much as possible" as

8284-486: The flames. In an effort to make its holdings more widely available and more easily accessible, the National Archives began entering into public–private partnerships in 2006. A joint venture with Google will digitize and offer NARA video online. When announcing the agreement, Archivist Allen Weinstein said that this pilot program is ... an important step for the National Archives to achieve its goal of becoming an archive without walls. Our new strategic plan emphasizes

8393-695: The governorship of Georgia in 1970 , Rosalynn decided to focus her attention mainly in the field of mental health when she was that state's first lady. She was appointed to the Governor's Commission to Improve Services for the Mentally and Emotionally Handicapped. Many of the commission's recommendations were approved and became law. In August 1971, Carter engaged in a statewide tour of mental health facilities across Georgia. She described her efforts on behalf of mentally disabled children as her proudest achievement as First Lady of Georgia. Carter also served as

8502-409: The gown she wore at her husband's swearing in as Governor to his presidential inauguration reinforced this view of her. Carter's public interest in national policy prompted Kandy Stroud of The New York Times to speculate she might become the most activist first lady since Eleanor Roosevelt . Amid the sinking approval ratings of her husband, Carter maintained high favorable viewpoints in the eyes of

8611-680: The hospital for reviews of changing conditions as more work was done in remodeling. Despite finding time to entertain, the Carters never were able to match their immediate predecessors and Carter never considered it a major part of her job as first lady. Criticism came towards her role as first lady by a U.S. diplomat in Brazil, who insisted that women were meant to be kept "at home and that's all". The cultural factor had also caused many to oppose her trip. Critics called her too programmed and disciplined while others said she lacked admirable qualities of Lady Bird Johnson and Betty Ford. Despite this, Carter

8720-500: The image." [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Archives and Records Administration . Sites not .GOV Rosalynn Carter Eleanor Rosalynn Carter ( / ˈ r oʊ z ə l ɪ n / ROH -zə-lin ; née   Smith ; August 18, 1927 – November 19, 2023) was an American writer, activist, and humanitarian who served as

8829-797: The importance of providing access to records anytime, anywhere. This is one of many initiatives that we are launching to make our goal a reality. For the first time, the public will be able to view this collection of rare and unusual films on the Internet. On January 10, 2007, the National Archives and Fold3.com (formerly Footnote) launched a pilot project to digitize historic documents from the National Archives holdings. Allen Weinstein explained that this partnership would "allow much greater access to approximately 4.5 million pages of important documents that are currently available only in their original format or on microfilm" and "would also enhance NARA's efforts to preserve its original records." In July 2007,

8938-402: The launching of a YouTube channel "to showcase popular archived films, inform the public about upcoming events around the country, and bring National Archives exhibits to the people." Also in 2009, the National Archives launched a Flickr photostream to share portions of its photographic holdings with the general public. A new teaching-with-documents Web site premiered in 2010 and was developed by

9047-511: The library was opened to the public on Carter's 62nd birthday, October 1, 1986. Construction cost $ 26 million, funded by private contributions. A $ 10 million renovation of the museum began in April 2009 with completion on President Carter's 85th birthday in October 2009. The first director of the library and museum was Dr. Donald Schewe, who originally assisted with the transfer and processing of

9156-487: The mentally ill, Carter wanted to allow people to be comfortable admitting their disabilities without fear of being called crazy. After Carter had been first lady for two years, Time magazine called her the "second most powerful person in the United States." Many times, Carter's husband called her an equal partner. He also said she was a "perfect extension of myself." During a 1977 interview, Carter admitted that she quarreled with him over his policies but his own decision

9265-456: The more radical elements of feminism, as she saw it, and challenge what she felt were caricatures of the movement. She wanted to be sure that the struggle for ERA really appealed to mainstream America." During the 1976 election cycle, journalists dubbed Carter the "steel magnolia" for having a fragile and feminine appearance that concealed a "tough as nails" interior. Carter was known for a lack of attention paid to fashion, and her choice to wear

9374-665: The most frequently requested at NARA, with the oldest entries from 1790. These records often contain information such as addresses and names of family members. However, all pieces of personal data are restricted for 72 years after collection; prior to then, federal agencies can only access statistical data. The newest unrestricted census is from 1950 and was released to the general public in April 2022. The subsequent census from 1960 will be released in April 2032. NARA has also collaborated with Ancestry.com , Fold3.com , and Familysearch.org to scan microfilms and documents of genealogical interest. These digitization partners have expanded

9483-439: The number of genealogical sources on their respective websites, such as ship passenger lists and military records. NARA will eventually offer free access to all digitized sources through the National Archives Catalog. However, many file collections are not available for public viewing either through NARA or affiliate websites. This includes naturalization records and vital records that reveal extensive personal data. Depending on

9592-471: The operation of the National Archives and Records Administration. The Archivist not only maintains the official documentation of the passage of amendments to the U.S. Constitution by state legislatures, but has the authority to declare when the constitutional threshold for passage has been reached, and therefore when an act has become an amendment. The Office of the Federal Register publishes

9701-548: The phone as the latter wanted President-elect Carter to lobby for support of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) being ratified in Indiana . She persuaded Wayne Townsend to switch his vote and the ERA was approved in an Indiana Senate vote of 26 to 24. In reference to Carter's role in supporting the ERA, Texas Christian University associate professor of religion Elizabeth Flowers said, "[Rosalynn Carter] wanted to temper down some of

9810-584: The public by discussing an issue or giving attention to it. Biographer MaryAnne Borrelli wrote that Carter considered her attempts to portray herself as a traditional wife and influencing factor in her husband's administration would be "viewed by some as dependent upon her husband, by others as lacking accountability, and by still others as doing too little—or too much". Years after leaving the White House, Carter would remain bothered by claims that she exerted too much influence on her husband, insisting they had an equal partnership. Jimmy Carter would later write that

9919-502: The public, and was tied with Mother Teresa for most admired woman in the world. In April 1979, during her speech as guest speaker at the 1979 Matrix Awards Luncheon of New York Women in Communications Inc., Carter said the issues she was championing were being met with opposition due to their lack of sexiness in being topics a first lady discusses. President Carter was challenged by Ted Kennedy for his re-election bid in

10028-473: The public. Only two to three percent of records created by the federal government are deemed to be of permanent value. The Presidential Records Act mandates that all records created by the Executive Office of the President are to be preserved and transferred to the National Archives at the end of a president's administration. The Archivist of the United States is the chief official overseeing

10137-577: The records when they were no longer needed for business use. The schedules were approved without changes despite public outcry when they were first proposed in the Federal Register . A lawsuit was brought against the National Archives by several plaintiffs, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington , the American Historical Association , and the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations . In March 2021,

10246-455: The specific and sole exclusion of temporarily non-attributed objects).'" NARA specified that the only allowed reasons for non-compliance by any party in the Federal government was per section 1843 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 or Executive Order 13526 , signed by President Barack Obama in 2009. The law continued in its mandate for the Archivist and NARA, of

10355-637: The transitional period and gave her a tour of the White House. Carter and Nancy Reagan developed a friendship as a result of their shared support for the Equal Rights Amendment. She was also satisfied that the Iran hostages were released on the day of Reagan's inauguration. Their families were already acquainted when Rosalynn first dated Jimmy Carter in 1945 while he was attending the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis . She became attracted to him after seeing

10464-564: The two engaged in discussions on a variety of issues and she was aware of everything within the administration apart from "a few highly secret and sensitive security matters". Carter represented her husband in meetings with domestic and foreign leaders, most notably as an envoy to Latin America in 1977. She purposely scheduled her meetings so as not to have any with the heads of state. President Carter said that while his wife had initially been met with hesitance as an American representative, "at

10573-720: The website currently provides access to a database of 185,000 digitized documents that have been annotated through founding fathers papers projects at five university presses over the past 50 years. In addition to the University of Virginia's, the presses include those at Columbia , Harvard , Princeton , and Yale . In 2006, the NARA's Office of the Inspector General created the Archival Recovery Team to investigate thefts and recover records stolen from

10682-538: Was governor of Georgia , in response to the Atlanta freeway revolts . (See Interstate 485 , Georgia 400 , Interstate 675 , and the Stone Mountain Freeway .) The Atlanta firm of Jova /Daniels/Busby was selected as architects, in cooperation with Lawton/Umemura/Yamamoto of Hawaii. During design and construction, Carter's papers were temporarily housed at the former post office building in downtown Atlanta. Construction commenced on October 2, 1984, and

10791-467: Was "Dancer". In 1977, Carter reported that her family was divided in their reaction to public perception of them, saying her sons were worried about how they would be perceived living there while she personally thought nothing of it as the public was not financing their residence and she favored the family being together. On August 16, 1979, Carter released a statement announcing Edith J. Dobelle had accepted "the newly created position of staff director for

10900-467: Was Amy's nanny for most of the period from 1971 until Jimmy Carter's presidency ended, partly thanks to Rosalynn's belief in Prince's innocence. In April 1977, Carter underwent surgery to remove a nonmalignant breast tumor. She underwent a gynecological procedure at Bethesda Naval Hospital in August 1977, which her press secretary Mary Hoyt described as a routine private matter. On May 30, 2023,

11009-422: Was a founding member of her school's Young Democrats, Campus Marshal and Tumbling Clubs. She would graduate with a junior college diploma. Rosalynn first dated Jimmy Carter in 1945 while he was attending the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis . Rosalynn agreed to marry Jimmy in February 1946 when she went to Annapolis with his parents. The two scheduled their marriage to take place in July and kept

11118-437: Was among other officials who were not members. The idea for her to be in attendance came at her husband's suggestion when she started to question him about a news story. Carter took notes at the meetings, but never spoke. As she put it, "I was there to be informed so that when I traveled across the country, which I did a great deal, and was questioned by the press and other individuals about all areas of government, I'd know what

11227-547: Was destroyed. In March 2006, it was revealed by the Archivist of the United States in a public hearing that a memorandum of understanding between NARA and various government agencies existed to "reclassify", i.e., withdraw from public access, certain documents in the name of national security, and to do so in a manner such that researchers would not be likely to discover the process (the U.S. reclassification program ). An audit indicated that more than one third withdrawn since 1999 did not contain sensitive information. The program

11336-418: Was elected, she reflected that "funding of our legislation was killed, by the philosophy of a new President. It was a bitter loss." In the days following the election, Carter experienced depression, which led her husband to express the benefits of his impending post-presidency. She telephoned supporters of the re-election campaign to thank them for their involvement, and met with Reagan's wife, Nancy , during

11445-564: Was going on." When the cultural exchange program Friendship Force International launched at the White House on March 1, 1977, she became honorary chairperson, a position she held until 2002. She joined Lady Bird Johnson and Betty Ford in supporting the unsuccessful campaign for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) at the Houston conference celebrating the International Women's Year in 1977. For Christmas 1977, she decorated

11554-618: Was originally scheduled to end in 2007. In 2008 the NARA announced that they would not be archiving government websites during transition , after carrying out such crawls in 2000 and 2004. The End of Term Web Archive was established in response to this. In 2010, Executive Order 13526 created the National Declassification Center to coordinate declassification practices across agencies, provide secure document services to other agencies, and review records in NARA custody for declassification. A 2022 report by

11663-461: Was pleased by her viewed role as a demanding first lady and remembered the times of presidents' wives being "confined" to "official hostess" and other demeaning roles. In efforts to advance the appearance of the White House, she accumulated American paintings . After the Carter administration began losing popularity, Carter advised that Gerald Rafshoon be brought on as White House Director of Communications and that key media figures be invited to

11772-567: Was politically active during her husband's presidency , though she declared that she had no intention of being a traditional first lady. During his term of office, Carter supported her husband's public policies as well as his social and personal life. To remain fully informed, she sat in on Cabinet meetings at the invitation of the President. Carter also represented her husband in meetings with domestic and foreign leaders, including as an envoy to Latin America in 1977. He found her to be an equal partner. She campaigned for his failed re-election bid in

11881-405: Was what he acted on, and she denied influencing his major decisions. In an interview the following year, Carter stated that she did not publicly disagree with her husband's policies out of a belief that she "would lose all my effectiveness with him" as well as her opinion that the gesture would not assist in changing his perspective to her own. She said that a first lady could influence officials or

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