76-585: The Jinnah Muslim League ( JML ) was a Pakistani political party founded in 1949 as a breakaway faction of the Muslim League by the first ever Chief Minister of Pakistani Punjab , Iftikhar Hussain Khan Mamdot . The party's founder, Mamdot was a close confidant and ally of Muhammad Ali Jinnah , the founder of Pakistan . Mamdot played a key role in the Pakistan Movement and therefore
152-554: A center-right position in recent years. It holds is base of power in Punjab , more specifically Lahore and has had 3 different prime ministers including Nawaz himself who served for the longest non-consecutive time (9 years). The prime ministers from the PML-N include Nawaz Sharif (3 terms), Shahid Khaqan Abbasi (1 term) and Nawaz's younger brother, Shehbaz Sharif (2 terms), who is serving right now. The Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
228-451: A left-wing populist , though in the 21st century it has shifted to a center-left position. Zulfikar ruled Pakistan from 1971 until 1977, when he was overthrown and later hanged in 1979. The party has been widely seen as a dynastic political family party as it has seen its leadership pass down through the Bhutto family , which has seen a devoted cult of personality . After Zulfikar's death
304-550: A movement against then prime minister Imran Khan . Following Imran Khan’s removal , political unrest broke out throughout the country, and in the events leading up to the Pakistani 2024 election , many new parties were formed. The country’ largest party, the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf , would be subject to legal issues, and an alleged crackdown and therefore was forced to register with their alliance member,
380-787: A Muslim bloc. Nawaz included environmentalism in his government platform, and established the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency in 1997. Following the imposition and passing of Resolution 660 , 661 , and 665 , Nawaz sided with the United Nations on the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait . Nawaz's government criticised Iraq for invading the fellow Muslim country, which strained Pakistan's relationships with Iraq. This continued as Pakistan sought to strengthen its relations with Iran . This policy continued under Benazir Bhutto and Pervez Musharraf until
456-486: A brother. From her maternal side, she was the maternal granddaughter of the wrestler The Great Gama (Ghulam Mohammad Baksh Butt). She married Nawaz Sharif in April 1970. The couple have four children: Maryam , Asma, Hassan and Hussain. Nawaz suffered financial losses when his family's steel business was appropriated under the nationalisation policies of former prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto . Nawaz entered politics as
532-429: A conservative platform and vowed to reduce government corruption. Nawaz introduced an economy based on privatisation and economic liberalisation to reverse the nationalisation by Zulfikar Bhutto, notably for banks and industries. He legalised foreign money exchange to be transacted through private money exchangers. His privatisation policies were continued by both Benazir Bhutto in the mid-1990s and Shaukat Aziz in
608-513: A continuation of the US Atoms for Peace programme. In 1993, Nawaz established the Institute of Nuclear Engineering (INE) to promote his policy for the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Nawaz suffered a major loss of political support from the co-operatives societies scandal. These societies accept deposits from members and can legally make loans only to members for purposes to the benefit of
684-531: A former cricket star. It launched a large-scale anti-corruption campaign across Pakistan in the 2000s and 2010s which led to its victory in the 2018 Pakistani general election . It holds its base of power in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa but also holds significant popularity and influence across western Punjab , where Imran Khan is from. It has been widely seen as an anti-establishment party since 2022 as it clashed with Pakistan's military establishment . It
760-590: A halt. During this time, Benazir Bhutto and the centre-left PPP remained neutral, but her brother Murtaza Bhutto exerted pressure which suspended the operation. The period of 1992–1994 is considered the bloodiest in the history of the city, with many people missing. Nawaz had campaigned on a conservative platform and after assuming office announced his economic policy under the National Economic Reconstruction Programme (NERP). This programme introduced an extreme level of
836-557: A legal proceeding, a division bench, consisting of Islamabad High Court (IHC) Chief Justice Aamir Farooq and Justice Miangul Hasan Aurangzeb, adjudicated Nawaz Sharif's appeals challenging his sentences in the Avenfield and Al-Azizia Steel Mills cases. The outcome of these proceedings resulted in the acquittal of PML-N leader Nawaz Sharif on 29 November 2023 from charges related to the Avenfield Apartments references by
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#1732801044663912-655: A political stronghold for the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) since the party’s creation. The PPP has almost always won landslide victories in provincial elections in Sindh, and has almost always held the province’s seats. Throughout the early 2000s the PML-Q saw minor successes in Sindh, but the province quickly came under the control of the PPP again. The PPP has been accused of bad governance by several Sindhi parties, leading to
988-664: A result, initially focused on regaining control of the steel plants. In 1976, Nawaz joined the Pakistan Muslim League (PML), a conservative front rooted in the Punjab province. In May 1980, Ghulam Jilani Khan , the recently appointed military governor of Punjab and a former Director-General of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), was seeking new urban leaders; he quickly promoted Nawaz, making him finance minister . In 1981, Nawaz joined
1064-454: A stable conservative government and improve overall conditions. Nawaz was sworn as prime minister on 17 February. Nawaz had formed an alliance with Altaf Hussain of the MQM which fell apart following the assassination of Hakim Said . Nawaz then removed the MQM from parliament and assumed control of Karachi while MQM was forced underground. This led Nawaz to claim an exclusive mandate, and for
1140-545: Is a Pakistani businessman and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan for three non-consecutive terms. He is the longest-serving prime minister of Pakistan, having served a total of more than 9 years across three tenures. Each term has ended in his ousting. Born into the upper-middle-class Sharif family in Lahore , Nawaz is the son of Muhammad Sharif , the founder of Ittefaq and Sharif groups. He
1216-508: Is a Pakistani conservative political party that was founded in 1993 by senior politician, Nawaz Sharif . The party was founded as an offshoot of the Pakistan Muslim League , but is now its largest faction. It is currently still led by its founder Nawaz Sharif and is ideologically conservative as well as shares similarities with Nawaz's previous party, the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad . It saw rapid growth under Nawaz Sharif in
1292-565: Is a multi-party democracy. The country has many political parties and many times in the past the country has been ruled by a coalition government . The Parliament of Pakistan is bicameral , consisting of the National Assembly of Pakistan and the Senate . The military-dominated Establishment has directly ruled Pakistan for nearly half of its existence since its creation in 1947 , while frequently exerting covert dominance over
1368-603: Is a political party founded in 1967 by statesman, barrister and senior politician, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto . It is by far the oldest out of the top ruling parties in Pakistan and was the first Pakistani political party to lay out a manifesto and ideology. It was founded on the premise of socialism and to struggle against the military rule of Field Marshal Ayub Khan (1958-1969). It has also been characterized as Pakistan's first democratic party and has been left-wing for most of its existence with its founder, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto being
1444-442: Is a political party founded in 1996 by cricketer -turned-politician, Imran Khan . The party was founded on the premise of bringing change to Pakistan and to bring a new face to Pakistani politics, as when the party was founded the PPP and PML-N ruled Pakistan in a de-facto two party system . It advocates for welfarism and has promoted turning Pakistan into a modern welfare state . It has often seen populism around Imran Khan,
1520-556: Is the elder brother of Shehbaz Sharif , who also served as prime minister of Pakistan from 2022 to 2023 and from 2024 to present. According to the Election Commission of Pakistan , Nawaz is one of the wealthiest men in Pakistan, with an estimated net worth of at least Rs. 1.75 billion (equivalent to Rs. 8.9 billion or US$ 31 million in 2021). Most of his wealth originates from his businesses in steel construction. Before entering politics in
1596-705: Is the list of registered parties that are currently unrepresented in Parliament and any of the provincial assemblies of Pakistan since 2024 . God is Great Movement People's Muslim League Equality Party Pakistan Rights of the People Party Assembly of People of Hadith Assembly of Islamic Clerics (Imam Noorani) Assembly of Islamic Clerics (Noorani) Nawaz Sharif Political views Parties Elections [REDACTED] Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif ( Urdu : میاں محمد نواز شریف ; born 25 December 1949)
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#17328010446631672-407: The 12th prime minister of Pakistan. After being ousted in 1993, when President Ghulam Ishaq Khan dissolved the National Assembly , Nawaz served as the leader of the opposition to the government of Benazir Bhutto from 1993 to 1996. He returned to the premiership after the Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) was elected in 1997 , and served until his removal in 1999 by military takeover and
1748-776: The Army Special Service Group and the Naval Special Service Group were deployed to Saudi Arabia to provide security for the Saudi royal family . Nawaz faced difficulty working with the PPP and the Mutahidda Qaumi Movement (MQM), a potent force in Karachi. The MQM and the PPP opposed Nawaz due to his focus on beautifying Punjab and Kashmir while neglecting Sindh, and the MQM also opposed Nawaz's conservatism. Although
1824-596: The Government College University (GCU) with an art and business degree and then received a law degree from the Law College of Punjab University in Lahore . Nawaz was a cricketer in his early years, playing as an opening batsman . Peter Oborne noted that he had success at club level and that "he was proud of his first-class record", having been part of the highly rated Pakistan Railways team in 1973–1974. Years later, when he
1900-636: The Jinnah Antarctic Station and Polar Research Cell. In 1992, Pakistan became an associate member of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research . On 28 July 1997, Nawaz declared 1997 a year of science in Pakistan and personally allotted funds for the 22nd INSC College on Theoretical Physics. In 1999, Nawaz signed the executive decree, declaring 28 May as the National Science Day in Pakistan. Nawaz made
1976-640: The Muslim League , while the All-Pakistan Awami League remained a party until the creation of Bangladesh . List of political parties in Pakistan Azad Kashmir government Government of Gilgit-Baltistan Local government Constitution of Pakistan Territorial election commission Elections Provincial elections Territorial elections Political parties Provinces Autonomous region Customs Regional topics Pakistan
2052-633: The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty if India did as well. The embargo blocked plans for a French-built nuclear power plant, so Nawaz's advisors intensively lobbied the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which allowed China to establish CHASNUPP-I nuclear power plant and upgrade KANUPP-I . Nawaz's nuclear policy was considered less aggressive towards India with its focus on public usage through nuclear power and medicine , viewed as
2128-765: The Panama Papers case . In 2018, the Pakistani Supreme Court disqualified Nawaz from holding public office, and he was also sentenced to ten years in prison by an accountability court . Since 2019, Nawaz was in London for medical treatment on bail. He was also declared an absconder by a Pakistani court, however, the Islamabad High Court (IHC) granted him protective bail till October 24 in the Avenfield and Al-Aziza cases. In 2023, after four years of exile, he returned to Pakistan. In
2204-491: The Punjab Advisory Council under Khan. During the 1980s, Nawaz gained influence as a supporter of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq 's military government . Zia-ul-Haq agreed to return the steel industry to Nawaz, who convinced the general to denationalise and deregulate industries to improve the economy. Within Punjab, Nawaz privatised government-owned industries and presented development-oriented budgets to
2280-663: The Shariat Ordinance and Bait-ul-Maal (to help poor orphans, widows, etc.) to drive the country on the model of an Islamic welfare state . Moreover, he gave tasks to the Ministry of Religion to prepare reports and recommendations for steps taken toward Islamization. He ensured the establishment of three committees: Nawaz extended membership of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) to all Central Asian countries to unite them into
2356-556: The Sunni Ittehad Council , which is a minor religious party. Punjab is generally considered as the most important political province and has been used by major parties such as the PML(N) and PTI in the past to gain legitimacy and as a political stronghold. The Punjab provincial assembly has usually been split between the Pakistan Muslim League N (PML-N) and the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). Sindh has been used as
Jinnah Muslim League - Misplaced Pages Continue
2432-520: The nationalisation by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and the PPP in the 1970s. By 1993, around 115 nationalised industries were opened to private ownership, including the National Development Finance Corporation , Pakistan National Shipping Corporation , National Electric Power Regulatory Authority , Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation , and Pakistan State Oil . This boosted
2508-563: The 1990s as it entered a two-party system with the Pakistan People's Party. It is also advocates for economic privatization , as Nawaz himself was a business owner. The party follows a free market capitalist and economically liberalist approach. It has developed a somewhat ideology around its leader Nawaz Sharif and has been led by members of the Sharif family . It has been right-wing for most of its existence but has shifted to
2584-416: The 2000s. Till 1990, Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) was the only major party of Pakistan. After Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto died, Benazir Bhutto took control and they remained a strong position throughout Pakistan. In 1990, Nawaz Sharif of Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IJI) won the elections. Two major parties were in Pakistan. After IJI dissolved and Nawaz Sharif founded Pakistan Muslim League (N), PPP and PML(N) were
2660-461: The 2000s. He also improved the nation's infrastructure and spurred the growth of digital telecommunication. Nawaz continued the simultaneous Islamization and conservatism of Pakistan society, a policy begun by Zia. Reforms were made to introduce fiscal conservatism , supply-side economics , bioconservatism and religious conservatism in Pakistan. Nawaz intensified Zia's controversial Islamization policies, and introduced Islamic laws such as
2736-662: The Armed Forces' secretive industrial conglomerate and bribing generals. While privatising industry, Nawaz took steps for intense government control of science in Pakistan , and placed projects under his authorisation. In 1991, Nawaz founded and authorised the Pakistan Antarctic Programme under the scientific directions of National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), with the Pakistan Navy 's Weapons Engineering Division, and first established
2812-605: The IHC. Nawaz was born in Lahore, Punjab , on 25 December 1949. The Sharif family are Punjabi-speaking Kashmiris . His father, Muhammad Sharif , was an upper-middle-class businessman and industrialist whose family had emigrated from Anantnag in Kashmir for business. They settled in the village of Jati Umra in Amritsar district , Punjab, at the beginning of the twentieth century. His mother's family came from Pulwama . After
2888-548: The ISI, with a substantial role played by Nawaz's ally Gul. ) The alliance was led by Nawaz and Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi and opposed Benazir Bhutto 's Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) in the elections. The IJI gained a majority in Punjab, and Nawaz was re-elected as the chief minister. In December 1989, Nawaz decided to remain in the provincial Punjab Assembly rather than hold a seat in the National Assembly. In early 1989,
2964-672: The Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee General Shamim Allam and the Chief of Army Staff General Abdul Vahied Kakar forced Khan to resign from the presidency and ended the political standoff. Under the close scrutiny of the Pakistan Armed Forces, an interim and transitional government was formed and new parliamentary election was held after three months. Following 1993 elections , the PPP returned to power under Benazir Bhutto. Nawaz offered his full co-operation as Leader of
3040-405: The MQM had formed the government with Nawaz, the political tensions between liberalism and conservatism erupted into conflict by renegade factions in 1992. To end the fighting between PML-N and MQM, Nawaz's party passed a resolution to launch a paramilitary operation under command of Chief of Army Staff General Asif Nawaz Janjua . Violence erupted in Karachi in 1992 and brought the economy to
3116-551: The Muslim League to found the Jinnah Muslim League between 1949 and 1950. The party's ideology was not clear, as Mamdot was the only prominent leader in the party. Mamdot himself would be a stern disciplinarian . He advocated for the policies of his Punjab provincial ministry (1947–1949) and was a close advocate of Jinnah's. The party was founded to also contest against Mamdot's arch-rival, Mumtaz Daultana of
Jinnah Muslim League - Misplaced Pages Continue
3192-852: The Muslim League. The party joined hands with Hussein Shaheed Suhrawardy and his Awami League and formed the All-Pakistan Awami League to contest in the 1951 Punjab provincial election , Punjab's first election. The Muslim League defeated Mamdot and the Awami League coalition, following this, Mamdot became Leader of the Opposition in the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab under the JML. The JML did not dissolve until 1953, when Mamdot quit and rejoined
3268-502: The Opposition but soon the PPP and PML-N held parliament locked in dispute. Bhutto found it difficult to act effectively in the face of opposition from Nawaz, and also faced problems in her political stronghold of Sindh Province from her younger brother Murtaza Bhutto . Nawaz and Murtaza Bhutto formed the Nawaz-Bhutto axis and worked to undermine Benazir Bhutto's government, tapping an anti-corruption wave in Pakistan. They accused
3344-591: The PPP government attempted to unseat Nawaz through a no-confidence motion in the Punjab Assembly, which they lost by a vote of 152 to 106. The conservatives first came to power in a democratic Pakistan under Nawaz's leadership. Nawaz Sharif became the 12th prime minister of Pakistan on 1 November 1990, succeeding Benazir Bhutto. He also became head of IJI. Sharif had a majority in the assembly and ruled with considerable confidence, having disputes with three successive army chiefs . Nawaz had campaigned on
3420-554: The PTI. Its main base of power is Sindh . The PPP is led by the Central Executive Committee and has seen 4 different prime ministers including: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (1973-1977), Benazir Bhutto (1988-1990, 1993-1996), Yusuf Raza Gillani (2008-2012) and Raja Pervaiz Ashraf (2012-2013). This is the list of parties that are currently represented in any of the 5 Provincial Assemblies of Pakistan , which includes,
3496-687: The Provincial assembly in Sindh , Punjab , Balochistan , KPK and Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan Movement for Justice Assembly of Islamic Clerics (F) United National Movement - Pakistan People's National Party Pakistan Stability Party Balochistan People's Party Muslim Unity Assembly پاکستان تحریکِ انصاف پارلیمنٹرینز Pakistan Movement for Justice Parliamentarians Here-I-Am Movement Pakistan Balochistan National Party (People's) Give Rights Movement Balochistan Islamic Movement Pakistan This
3572-673: The Punjab". Nawaz built ties with the senior army generals who sponsored his government. He maintained an alliance with General Rahimuddin Khan , Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee . Nawaz also had close ties with Lieutenant-General (retired) Hamid Gul , the Director-General of ISI. As chief minister, Nawaz stressed welfare and development activities and the maintenance of law and order. Khan beautified Lahore, extended military infrastructure, and silenced political opposition, while Nawaz expanded economic infrastructure to benefit
3648-647: The Western-styled capitalist economics . Unemployment had limited Pakistan's economic growth and Nawaz believed that only privatisation could solve this problem. Nawaz introduced an economy based on privatisation and economic liberalisation , notably for banks and industries. According to the US Department of State, this followed a vision of "turning Pakistan into a [South] Korea by encouraging greater private saving and investment to accelerate economic growth." The privatisation programme reversed
3724-577: The Zia dictatorship. On 18 April, ahead of the 1993 Parliamentary election , Khan used his reserve powers (58-2b) to dissolve the National Assembly, and with the support of the army appointed Mir Balakh Sher as interim prime minister . Nawaz refused to accept this act and raised a challenge at the Supreme Court of Pakistan . On 26 May, the Supreme Court ruled 10–1 that the presidential order
3800-736: The Zia-loyalist Fida Group against the Prime Minister's Junejo's Pakistan Muslim League (J) . The Fida Group later took on the mantle of the PML while the Junejo Group became known as the JIP. The two parties along with seven other right-wing conservative and religious parties united with encouragement and funding from the ISI to form the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IJI). (The IJI received ₨ 15 million from Zia loyalists in
3876-527: The army, his own business interests, and the people of Punjab. In 1988, General Zia dismissed the government of Junejo and called for new elections. However, Zia retained Nawaz as the Chief Minister of Punjab, and until his death , continued to support Nawaz. After General Zia's death in August 1988, his political party – Pakistan Muslim League (Pagara Group) – split into two factions. Nawaz led
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#17328010446633952-412: The base of his support, with lesser efforts in Khyber and Balochistan provinces , and no benefits from industrialization in Sindh Province . After intense criticism from the PPP and MQM, Nawaz completed the Orangi Cottage Industrial Zone but this did not repair his reputation in Sindh. Opponents accused Nawaz of using political influence to build factories for himself and his business, for expanding
4028-482: The creation of Pakistan in 1947, Nawaz's parents migrated from Amritsar to Lahore. His father followed the teachings of the Ahl-i Hadith . His family owns Ittefaq Group , a multimillion-dollar steel conglomerate, and Sharif Group , a conglomerate with holdings in agriculture, transport and sugar mills. He has two younger brothers: Shehbaz Sharif and the late Abbas Sharif , both politicians by profession. Nawaz went to Saint Anthony High School . He graduated from
4104-403: The creation of the Grand Democratic Alliance (GDA), a coalition of several anti-PPP parties, although the PPP still holds sweeping majorities in Sindhi provincial seats. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is full of Pashtun nationalist and regionalist parties favoring Afghan tribalism, such as the ANP and PMAP . The region has also been full of religious parties, like the JUI-F especially throughout
4180-509: The economy but a lack of competition in bidding allowed the rise of business oligarchs and further widened the wealth gap , contributing to political instability. Former science advisor Dr. Mubashir Hassan called Nawaz's privatisation "unconstitutional". The PPP held that nationalisation policy was given constitutional status by parliament , and that privatisation policies were illegal and had taken place without parliamentary approval. Nawaz initiated several large-scale projects to stimulate
4256-405: The economy, such as the Ghazi-Barotha Hydropower Project . However, unemployment remained a challenge. In an attempt to counter this, Nawaz imported thousands of privatised Yellow-cab taxis for young Pakistanis, but few of the loans were repaid and Nawaz was forced to pay for them through his steel industry. Nawaz's projects were not evenly distributed, focusing on Punjab and Kashmir Provinces ,
4332-539: The first Gilgit-Baltistan elections and was the only major party of Gilgit-Baltistan with 20 seats out of 33. However, in 2015, Pakistan Muslim League (N) won 15 seats and became the major party of Gilgit-Baltistan and PPP only received one seat in the Gilgit-Baltistan Assembly. However, in the 2020 elections, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) won 16 seats and became the only major party of Gilgit-Baltistan with PPP winning 3 and PML(N) winning two seats. Pakhtunkhwa National People's Party The Pakistan Muslim League - Nawaz
4408-431: The first time Nawaz and the PML-N had the control of Sindh, Balochistan, Northwest Frontier, Kashmir and Punjab. With a supermajority , Nawaz's new government amended the constitution to restrict the powers of the president to dismiss governments. With the passing of the 14th amendment , Nawaz emerged as the most powerful elected prime minister in the country. Nawaz's popularity peaked in May 1998 after conducting
4484-420: The government of corruption with major state corporations and slowing economic progress. In 1994 and 1995 they made a "train march" from Karachi to Peshawar, making critical speeches to huge crowds. Nawaz organised strikes throughout Pakistan in September and October 1994. The death of Murtaza Bhutto in 1996, which allegedly involved Benazir's spouse, led to demonstrations in Sindh and the government lost control of
4560-416: The major two parties of Pakistan. In 1993, Peoples Party won the election again. In 1996, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf was formed. In 2013, PTI took part in the elections and won 35 seats in the National Assembly of Pakistan. After the 2018 Pakistan elections, PTI became the government and became one of the three major parties of Pakistan. In 2020, Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) was formed of many parties as
4636-515: The membership. However, mismanagement led to a collapse affecting millions of Pakistanis in 1992. In Punjab and Kashmir, around 700,000 people lost their savings, and it was discovered that billions of rupees had been granted to the Ittefaq Group of Industries – Nawaz's steel mill. Although the loans were hurriedly repaid, Nawaz's reputation was severely damaged. Nawaz had developed serious issues of authority with conservative President Ghulam Ishaq Khan, who had raised Nawaz to prominence during
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#17328010446634712-447: The mid-1980s, Nawaz studied business at Government College and law at the University of Punjab . In 1981, Nawaz was appointed by President Zia as the minister of finance for the province of Punjab . Backed by a loose coalition of conservatives, Nawaz was elected as the Chief Minister of Punjab in 1985 and re-elected after the end of martial law in 1988. In 1990 , Nawaz led the conservative Islamic Democratic Alliance and became
4788-677: The military government. These policies raised financial capital and helped increase the standard of living and purchasing power in the province, which in turn improved law and order and extended Khan's rule. Punjab was the richest province and received more federal funding than the other provinces of Pakistan , contributing to economical inequality . Nawaz invested his wealth in Saudi Arabia and other oil-rich Arab countries to rebuild his steel empire. According to personal accounts and his time spent with Nawaz, American historian Stephen P. Cohen states in his 2004 book Idea of Pakistan : "Nawaz Sharif never forgave Bhutto after his steel empire
4864-568: The north western areas near Afghanistan. There are several political parties in KPK, and most of them favor Pashtun nationalism with feudal aspects, but ever since Imran Khan ’s entrance into politics, the PTI has almost always won landslide election victories in the province and has KPK as a political stronghold and base of power. The province of Balochistan, Pakistan is full of Baloch nationalist parties, with some demanding autonomy for Balochistan, and some extreme groups demanding secession from Pakistan . Most parties from Balochistan follow
4940-519: The nuclear weapons and energy programme one of his top priorities. He expanded the nuclear energy program, and continued an atomic programme while following a policy of deliberate nuclear ambiguity . This resulted in a nuclear crisis with the United States which tightened its embargo on Pakistan in December 1990 and reportedly offered substantial economic aid to halt the country's uranium enrichment programme. Responding to US embargo, Nawaz announced that Pakistan had no atomic bomb, and would sign
5016-401: The party abandoned its socialist ideology and instead shifted to progressivism under Zulfikar's daughter, Benazir Bhutto . Benazir would be assassinated in 2007 and since then the party has been controlled by her husband, Asif Ali Zardari as well as her son, Bilawal Bhutto Zardari . The party has been rivals with the PML-N for most of its existence but has joined hands with the PML-N against
5092-514: The political leadership during the remainder. The Establishment in Pakistan includes the key decision-makers in the country's military and intelligence services, national security, as well as its foreign and domestic policies, including the state policies of aggressive Islamization during the military dictatorship of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq . However, the military establishment later reversed its support of political Islam under General Pervez Musharraf , who pursued enlightened moderation in
5168-454: The province. Benazir Bhutto became widely unpopular across the country and was ousted in October 1996. By 1996, continuous large-scale corruption by the government of Benazir Bhutto had deteriorated the country's economy, which was nearing failure. In the 1997 parliamentary elections , Nawaz and the PML-N won an overwhelming victory, with an exclusive mandate from across Pakistan. It was hoped that Nawaz would deliver on promises to provide
5244-439: The removal of Saddam Hussein in 2003. Nawaz raised the issue of Kashmir in international forums and worked toward a peaceful transfer of power in Afghanistan to curb the rampant trading of illicit drugs and weapons across the border. Nawaz challenged former Chief of Army Staff General Mirza Aslam Beg over the 1991 Gulf War . Under the direction of Beg, Pakistan Armed Forces participated in Operation Desert Storm and
5320-434: The same pattern as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, high levels of regionalism and ethnic nationalism , with most ethnic nationalists being left-wing , as well as right-wing religious groups usually gaining victories near the Afghan border. Balochistan is the only province in which no party regularly gains a clear majority, and the provincial assembly is usually split between Baloch nationalist parties. The Pakistan Peoples Party won
5396-457: Was a well-known politician, he'd play in warm-up matches, for Lahore Gymkhana against England and as temporary captain of the national team against the West Indies , both just before the 1987 World Cup . Due to the West Indies match he'd surprise Imran Khan , then the regular captain, because Nawaz opened the innings with minimal protection against one of the most feared fast bowling attack. Nawaz Sharif's wife Kulsoom had two sisters and
5472-606: Was founded as a centrist party, though in 2024, some sources indicated that the party had shifted center-right due to its pro- islamic unity teachings. Besides this it has advocated for rule of law and constitutionalism as part of its political alliance, the Tehreek Tahafuz Ayin . Despite being the largest political party in Pakistan in terms of membership, and in the top 10 largest parties worldwide, it has only had one prime minister, being Imran Khan himself who served for one term. The Pakistan People's Party
5548-518: Was granted the position of the first chief minister of West Punjab following the Independence of Pakistan. He retained the position of chief minister until he was sacked by the ruling Muslim League in 1949 after Jinnah's death due to issues in Mamdot's provincial government and because of Mamdot's relations with Muslim League top leaders worsening after Jinnah's death. Following this, Mamdot left
5624-488: Was lost [...] even after [Bhutto's] terrible end , Nawaz publicly refused to forgive the soul of Bhutto or the Pakistan Peoples Party ." In 1985, Khan nominated Nawaz as Chief Minister of Punjab, against the wishes of Prime Minister Muhammad Khan Junejo . With the backing of the army, Nawaz secured a landslide victory in the 1985 elections . Because of his popularity, he received the nickname "Lion of
5700-496: Was tried in a plane hijacking case which was argued by Barrister Ijaz Husain Batalvi, assisted by Khawaja Sultan senior Advocate, Sher Afghan Asdi and Akhtar Aly Kureshy Advocate. After being imprisoned and later exiled for more than a decade, he returned to politics in 2011 and led his party to victory for the third time in 2013 . In 2017, Nawaz was removed from office by the Supreme Court of Pakistan regarding revelations from
5776-474: Was unconstitutional, that the president could dissolve the assembly only if a constitutional breakdown had occurred and that the government's incompetence or corruption was irrelevant. ( Justice Sajjad Ali Shah was the only dissenting judge; he later became 13th Chief Justice of Pakistan . ) Issues of authority continued. In July 1993, under pressure from the armed forces, Nawaz resigned under an agreement that also removed President Khan from power. Chairman of
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