Justice brothers (Ed, Gus and Zeke) were figures in motorsports and automotive industry. Founding a company in the oil additive industry.
44-511: Edward Ray Justice, Sr. was born June 12, 1921, in Paola , Kansas. Lawrence Milton "Zeke" Justice was born March 12, 1920, in Paola. James Russell "Gus" Justice was born July 16, 1916, in Paola. The Justice brothers were associated with cars and speed since the earliest years of their life. Growing up in Paola , Kansas, they started driving before they were teenagers. Their dad, Harry Milton Justice
88-449: A bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 20.6% of the population. 24.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.3 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 111.9 males. The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that
132-413: A head (14) that includes a slot (21) for turning. A groove (19) on the button ensures it remains attached to the cowling (10) when unfastened. The stationary part includes the spring (22), which is riveted (24) to the fuselage. The spring has arched coils (23) between the rivets, providing the necessary tension for secure fastening. The shank (13) of the button contains spiral bayonet slots (16) that engage
176-487: A midget that they built, they took the $ 2,500 profit and moved to Jacksonville , Florida . At the time they moved, Ed's wife was six months pregnant with their first child. Their distribution territory was Florida, Georgia and Cuba . The Justice brothers later relocated back to California. James “Gus” Justice died in 1983. Lawrence “Zeke” Justice died on August 9, 2001. Ed Justice, Sr. died on August 30, 2008. Paola, Kansas Paola / p eɪ ˈ oʊ l ə /
220-490: A new Victorian-style gazebo was built, designed by George Washburn. Paola Park Square is used for community events each year. The 1913 gazebo is still used, and near the gazebo is a bust of Paola founders Baptiste Peoria and his wife, Mary Ann Isaacs Dagenet. It is the only known monument in the United States featuring a Native American and his wife. A fountain in the center of the square was also added. According to
264-567: A race car while Frank was out of town on business. At first Frank was not happy with their change to his design, but later realize the benefit of using Dzus fasteners. The idea came from Ed's training as an aircraft mechanic. Ed had worked at Douglas Aircraft Flight Test in Santa Monica , California before the war and was an A&E. The first race car with Dzus fasteners was "Bullet" Joe Garson 's Kurtis-Kraft midget sponsored by Bowes Seal Fast and owned by famed race car driver Rex Mays . It
308-399: A sign on the tree in front of their house, "Justice brothers Bike Rentals". They had bought old bikes, some broken down and repaired and repainted them before putting them in their rental fleet. Two of the three brothers were involved in serious auto accidents in their youth. Gus was thrown from his Chevrolet after hitting another car that had pulled into a farm road intersection illegally. He
352-452: A turn. This will disengage the button (12) from the spring (22). The holes (18) are large-enough to allow the spring (22) to clear the projection (17) either while engaging the button (12) or disengaging it. The end of the shank (13) that has the slots (16) must be well-rounded so spring (22) can easily enter its slots (16). The removable part of the Dzus fastener consists of a button (12) with
396-415: Is a city in and the county seat of Miami County , Kansas , United States. As of the 2020 census , the population of the city was 5,768. Native Americans , then Spanish explorers such as Francisco Vásquez de Coronado in 1541, and French missionary explorers in 1673 lived and traveled throughout the area of what is now Paola. Despite these early European incursions at the start of the 19th century,
440-428: Is owned by Southco and fastener Dzus are produced by Southco. The fastener was invented and patented by William Dzus , an American engineer of Ukrainian descent, in the early 1930s. To fasten the cowling (designated as part 10 in the patent) to the fuselage (11), the button's shank (13) is inserted into a hole (25) on the fuselage. A screwdriver is then used to turn the button (12) via a slot (21) in its head (14). As
484-740: Is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area . The 2020 United States census counted 5,768 people, 2,396 households, and 1,440 families in Paola. The population density was 1,132.8 per square mile (437.4/km ). There were 2,605 housing units at an average density of 511.6 per square mile (197.5/km ). The racial makeup was 88.18% (5,086) white or European American (86.74% non-Hispanic white ), 2.31% (133) black or African-American , 0.47% (27) Native American or Alaska Native , 0.38% (22) Asian , 0.09% (5) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian , 1.06% (61) from other races , and 7.52% (434) from two or more races . Hispanic or Latino of any race
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#1732772189662528-402: Is served by Paola USD 368 public school district: Dzus fastener The Dzus fastener , also known as a turnlock fastener or quick-action panel fastener , is a type of proprietary quarter-turn spiral cam lock fastener often used to secure skin panels on aircraft and other high-performance vehicles. It is named after its inventor William Dzus ( / z uː s / ). The Dzus brand
572-612: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 5.32 square miles (13.78 km ), of which 4.90 square miles (12.69 km ) is land and 0.42 square miles (1.09 km ) is water. The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool dry winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Paola has a humid subtropical climate , abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. Paola
616-483: The 1840s, Euro-American settlers were moving into the area, and several missionaries lived in and near "Peoria Village". One of those missionaries was an Italian priest who moved to the area in 1852. The priest, Father Paul D. Ponziglione, was credited with renaming Peoria Village to Paola , after a small town on the coast of Calabria , Italy . The Peoria Indians of the area continued to call it Paola, because they had great respect for Father Ponziglione. By 1854 there
660-528: The 1946 Indy 500 with George Robson as his driver. During his time there, Zeke met a young Frank Kurtis who had a rented space in the Thorne shop. Zeke would later become Frank's first employee when he formed Kurtis-Kraft after World War II. During his time at Thorne Engineering in Burbank , California, Zeke worked on a variety projects including the occasional side projects. Two interesting side projects were
704-630: The August 1950 issue of Motor Trend magazine. Ed enlisted into the Army Air Corps during the beginning of World War II and served in the eighth airforce in Europe . Zeke suffered from Polio and was unable to serve in the military. He continued to work for Joel Thorne, whose shop was now making aircraft parts for the war effort. Gus Justice had been paralyzed in an automobile accident in Kansas at
748-483: The Civil War a military post was established on the west side of Bull Creek, just west of Paola. At times troops were inside Paola itself. Paola was barely spared an attack on August 21, 1863, by Confederate guerrilla William C. Quantrill during Quantrill's retreat after raiding Lawrence . Paola was 10 miles (16 km) west of the retreat of Confederate Maj. Gen. Sterling Price 's force on October 24, 1864, while he
792-994: The Miami County Fair in July, the Roots Festival in August, the Harvest Festival in October, and a Christmas tree lighting after Thanksgiving. Water recreation and camping are available at Lake Miola, a contemporary Aquatic Center in Wallace Park, the Swan River Museum, and the Miami County Historical and Genealogical Society, and a variety of events held at the Paola Community Center. The community
836-554: The Paola Town Company (of which he was a member) as a treaty of peace. The Paola Town Company later gave the square to the City of Paola, with the provision that no building be built on it. In 1867, the original gazebo was put on the square, and was a bandstand. In the 1800s the square was used as a track for racing horses in addition to serving as a central point for parades, celebrations, and other community events. In 1913,
880-590: The Patterson Circus. The circus continued until 1927. A wall mural based on a 1924 circus pamphlet, is at 106 W. Peoria. The Patterson's home still stands in Paola in the 600 block of north Mulberry, as the only remaining structure from the circus winter headquarters. Paola's town began with the Indian tribes who once lived in the area and used it as their primary gathering place. Prior to their exile to Oklahoma, Indian leader Baptiste Peoria gave this area to
924-554: The age of 18 and 10.0% of those ages 65 or over. As of the census of 2010, there were 5,602 people, 2,173 households, and 1,407 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,143.3 inhabitants per square mile (441.4/km ). There were 2,344 housing units at an average density of 478.4 per square mile (184.7/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 93.5% White , 2.4% African American , 0.7% Native American , 0.3% Asian , 0.6% from other races , and 2.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.0% of
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#1732772189662968-516: The age of 21 and was unable to serve in the military in World War II. After the war Ed joined Zeke at Kurtis-Kraft where they helped build many of the now legendary Kurtis-Kraft midget, Indy cars, and sports cars. During their time at Kurtis-Kraft, Ed and Zeke opened a separate shop in Glendale, California where they would do race car fabrication and repair. This was filling the need caused by
1012-529: The area was largely controlled by the Osage people . Settlement of the area primarily occurred, however, when Kaskaskia , Peoria , Wea , and Piankeshaw tribes were forced to move to the area between 1827 and 1832. These formed the Confederated Allied Tribe, which was led by Baptiste Peoria, who was of both French and Indian ethnicity. They called their settlement Peoria Village . By
1056-403: The average family size was 3.08. In the city, the population was spread out, with 28.1% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.1 males. The median income for a household in the city
1100-419: The button rotates, the spiral slots (16) on the shank act as cams, pulling a spring (22) into position. The projections (17) on the slots resist reverse rotation, preventing the fastener from loosening due to vibration. Optionally, felt or rubber strips (26) can be placed between the cowling and the fuselage to minimize noise. To unfasten the cowling (10) from the fuselage (11) turn the button (12) one-quarter of
1144-495: The car crazy culture of Southern California called and Ed Justice, Sr. responded by driving out on the famed Route 66 to his new home. The trip was paid for by his three passengers who paid $ 25 each and were allowed to bring anything that fit in a peck sack. Ed was able to convince his brother Zeke to leave his job at Western Auto in Kansas City by getting him a job with the legendary multi-millionaire Joel Thorne as part of his race shop fabrication crew. Thorne and his crew won
1188-401: The city. The population density was 1,229.9 inhabitants per square mile (474.9/km ). There were 2,009 housing units at an average density of 493.1 per square mile (190.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 93.43% White , 3.55% African American , 0.74% Native American , 0.30% Asian , 0.44% from other races , and 1.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.08% of
1232-569: The late 1860s and through the 1870s, Paola grew and progressed, building its first school, jail, and bank. The railroad came to serve Paola in 1870, which also aided its progress through this time. Following the discovery of natural gas in 1882, Paola became the first town west of the Mississippi River to use it commercially and have the town illuminated using natural gas lanterns. In 1898 the Miami County Courthouse
1276-422: The median household income was $ 52,417 (with a margin of error of +/- $ 15,986) and the median family income was $ 79,716 (+/- $ 16,079). Males had a median income of $ 50,753 (+/- $ 14,543) versus $ 31,607 (+/- $ 2,933) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $ 36,509 (+/- $ 3,766). Approximately, 3.8% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the poverty line , including 7.4% of those under
1320-554: The modification of a car for a young Bill Pollack and the development of a three-wheel car under Frank Kurtis. Bill Pollack would later win the first grand prix at Pebble Beach in 1951. Bill also designed the road racecourse in Southern California known as Willow Springs. The three wheel car was sold to Gary Davis and became known as the Davis Motor Car Three Wheel, appearing on the cover of
1364-409: The population. There were 1,927 households, out of which 34.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.4% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and
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1408-442: The population. There were 2,173 households, of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 13.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.3% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
1452-495: The spring directly to the female hole without rivets, have also been introduced. Additionally, the button is often die-cast in modern versions to reduce manufacturing costs compared to earlier machined versions. Dzus fasteners are also used to secure plates, doors, and panels that require frequent removal for inspection and servicing. These fasteners are notable in that they are of an "over-centre" design, requiring positive sustained torque to unfasten. Thus, any minor disturbance to
1496-528: The spring. These slots include holes (18) that hold the spring in place once fastened, with projections (17) preventing accidental unfastening. The button’s head (14) is pressed against the cowling, keeping it firmly in place. Over time, several improvements have been made to the Dzus fastener design. Some versions include a housing or bucket around the female part to reduce water ingress. Others have been optimized for ease of use, such as incorporating self-centering screwdrivers . Cost-saving measures, like securing
1540-416: The tremendous demand at the time and also Kurtis-Kraft's lack of time to address repairs due to the production of new cars. Kurtis-Kraft midgets were available in completed form or also in "kit" form. The Justice Brothers were hired by many to build "kit" cars for them, including Bill Vukovich , Loren Bennett, Jack Zimmermann and others. While at Kurtis-Kraft, Ed and Zeke installed the first Dzus fasteners on
1584-480: Was $ 37,285, and the median income for a family was $ 50,804. Males had a median income of $ 36,209 versus $ 22,392 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 22,191. About 4.4% of families and 9.0% of the population were below the poverty line , including 9.0% of those under age 18 and 13.3% of those age 65 or over. Paola is the largest city in Miami County and is the county seat. Annually, Paola hosts
1628-438: Was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.07. The median age in the city was 35.5 years. 28.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.5% were from 25 to 44; 23.2% were from 45 to 64; and 14.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.6% male and 53.4% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 5,011 people, 1,927 households, and 1,244 families residing in
1672-426: Was 3.71% (214) of the population. Of the 2,396 households, 29.3% had children under the age of 18; 42.8% were married couples living together; 32.1% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 34.6% of households consisted of individuals and 16.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.2 and the average family size was 3.0. The percent of those with
1716-487: Was a large number of settlers who moved to the settlement, and a town plat was laid out by 1855. In 1855, the First Territorial Legislature passed an act that incorporated the Paola Town Company. The Paola Town Company and specifically its member Baptiste Peoria with his wife Mary Ann Isaacs are credited as being influential in the founding and development of Paola through the mid-1860s. During
1760-477: Was an auctioneer in the Horse and Mule market. He would also auction farms and other large ticket possessions. Their mother, Anna Rule Justice was the more mechanically minded of their parents and where the boys were influenced with mechanics. They had three older sisters; Elma, Alberta and Marie. The first time the brothers did business together was when Ed and Zeke started a bike rental business at their home. The hung
1804-752: Was built, designed by architect George Washburn. Several homes and buildings were designed by Washburn, including the Paola Park Square gazebo and the Paola Free Library. Martha Smith had the Paola Library building constructed in honor of her husband John, a wine maker. It was completed in 1906 and the Paola Park Square's Victorian-style gazebo is from 1913. The library, courthouse, gazebo, and several homes are among those still in use today. In 1912, James Patterson moved to Paola to establish his winter quarters for his travelling circus,
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1848-454: Was during their time at Kurtis-Kraft that Zeke met Chestein Wynn, a retired attorney who had received a formula from his son Clarence for an oil additive. The product grabbed Zeke's interest which caused him to share it with his brother Ed. They both were convinced that their future would be bright selling a product that no one had heard of on the opposite coast from where it was being made. Selling
1892-593: Was permanently paralyzed from this accident. Gus had to leave college due to his injuries. Zeke was involved in an auto accident with a truck in which one of the occupants of the car was killed. Gus bought a Cafe in Paola with the money that the townspeople had donated after his accident. Both Zeke and Ed worked at the Cafe for Gus. Ed would apply to and be accepted by Fry Aircraft School in Kansas City, Kansas. Zeke went to work at Western Auto in Kansas City. The lure of
1936-518: Was retreating toward Indian Territory . Paola's post was deactivated in August or September 1865. Following Kansas' admission to the Union in 1861, Civil War pressure to move the Native American tribes increased, and they were exiled to Oklahoma by 1868. Some individuals stayed and became citizens of the United States, however, their leader Baptiste Peoria left Paola with the tribe. From
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