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50-486: The K200 project began in 1981 when the Republic of Korea Army issued a request for a new Korean Infantry Fighting Vehicle (KIFV) to meet future combat requirements. The Agency for Defense Development was in charge of its development, and Daewoo Heavy Industries was the prime contractor for the production of this vehicle. The K200 was designed to be an amphibious personnel carrier that could cross shallow rivers, based on

100-574: A 120mm smoothbore gun and are of local manufacture. The future replacement for the K1 and K1A1 MBTs has been named the K2 Black Panther (흑표;黑豹 Heukpyo), which will be fitted with a 1500hp MTU-based engine, 55-caliber 120mm main gun with autoloader . The new tank will also feature radar equipment as well as all-bearing laser detection and defense systems, anti-missile active protection, and heavy reactive armor and sensor package comparable to

150-609: A 30mm twin gun system for anti-aerial fire support. Besides having vehicles and equipment of their own design as well as American models, the ROK Army also possesses inventories of Russian-built AFVs, including BMP-3 IFVs and T-80U MBTs, given by the Russian government to pay off the financial debt owed to South Korea. Other notable foreign equipment in service with the ROK Army includes the Mistral MANPADS . In 2015, it

200-513: A March 2011 contract to add a directed energy weapon to the Mk 38 Mod 2 gun mount, known as the Mk 38 Mod 2 tactical laser system . The TLS combines a Boeing-designed solid-state laser with the existing BAE-manufactured Mk 38 mount to deliver high-precision accuracy against fast surface and air threats including speed boats and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Laser power levels can be adjusted depending on

250-744: A competitive development in 1972 simultaneously at Ford 's Aeronutronic Division with the PFB-25 (self-powered weapon) and the Hughes Helicopters ' Ordnance Division (externally-powered,) under the Summa Corporation as the Vehicle Rapid-Fire Weapons System-Successor , or VRFWS-S . This was essentially a power-driven gun firing similar 20 mm ammunition to the HS.820, the power-driven mechanism

300-423: A flat cargo bed to fit various modules that can be swapped out for different missions; initial configurations include modules to act as an ambulance, fuel tanker, minelayer , and communications platform. With ROK Army approval, the company could fully mature the project in two years. The K200 series of vehicles transport mechanized infantry platoon is designed to keep personnel safe from small arms fire. The hull of

350-608: A larger breech assembly, a high efficiency muzzle brake , longer recoil , an integral round counter, an extended life firing pin and spring, and a triple-spring drive clutch. Upgraded weapons were first put to use on the M2A3 Bradley, the fourth version of the M2 Bradley fighting vehicle. In 1977, the U. S. Navy realized that it needed a replacement for the Oerlikon 20 mm Mk 16 series of guns . In 1986, this requirement

400-841: A newer version, the Typhoon Weapon System designated Mk 38 Mod 2 , which is remotely operated and includes an electronic optical sight, laser range-finder, FLIR, and a more reliable feeding system, enhancing the weapon system's capabilities and accuracy. In 2006 the Sri Lanka Navy added the M242 to its fleet of fast attack craft . The system is also in use by the Republic of Singapore Navy 's Formidable -class frigates and Endurance -class landing platform dock ships and were deployed as part of coalition forces' port security efforts in Iraq as well as anti-piracy roles in

450-838: A reserve unit of the National Police . In addition, some Nationalist Chinese and former soldiers of the Manchukuo Imperial Army also contributed to the force. The National Defense Force was established on January 15, 1946, replacing the United States lead constabulary from 1945. The outbreak of the Korean War caught the ROK forces unprepared, requiring the United Nations to intervene with US-led forces. The South Korean military rapidly developed during

500-416: Is 200 rounds per minute. The weapon has an effective range of 2,000 metres (6,600  ft ), depending on the type of ammunition used. With over 11,000 units sold worldwide, it is one of the most successful modern autocannons. Unlike most automatic firearms , the M242 does not depend on gas or recoil to actuate its firing system. Instead, it uses a 1 hp (0.75 kW) DC motor , positioned in

550-411: Is fed by a metallic link belt and has dual-feed capability. The term chain gun derives from the use of a roller chain that drives the bolt back and forth. The gun can destroy lightly armored vehicles and aerial targets (such as helicopters and other slow-flying aircraft). It can also apply suppression fire against exposed troops, dug-in positions, and occupied built-up areas. The standard rate of fire

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600-456: Is named after Won-Su , to ensure that this rank is higher than Sang-sa . Each of these is coupled with " Sa " ( 士 ) equals sergeant, although actual 'sergeant' rank is " Byeong-jang ". This system is due to the Hanja or Sino-Korean origin of the names. M242 Bushmaster The M242 Bushmaster chain gun is a 25 mm (25×137mm) single-barrel chain-driven autocannon . It

650-712: Is permanently garrisoned in the frontline near the DMZ . The current administration has initiated a program over the next two decades to design a purely domestic means of self-defense, whereby South Korea would be able to fully counter a North Korean attack. The ROK Army was formerly organized into 3 armies: the First Army (FROKA), the Third Army (TROKA), and the Second Operational Command, each with its own headquarters, corps, and divisions. The Third Army

700-674: Is standard equipment on the U. S. Army M2 and M3 Bradley fighting vehicles; it is also in use on the LAV-25 . Before the project was cancelled, the Mk44 Bushmaster II 30 mm chain gun (a successor to the M242) was used on the Marine Corps' Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle (EFV). The M242 is also a popular choice of primary armament for armored fighting vehicles manufactured around the world, such as Singapore's Bionix AFVs and as

750-609: Is used extensively by the U.S. military , such as in the Bradley fighting vehicle , as well as by other NATO members and some other nations in ground combat vehicles and various watercraft. Hughes Helicopters in Culver City, California, was the original designer and manufacturer. As of 2019 , Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems produces the gun. It is an externally-powered, chain-driven, single-barrel weapon that may be fired in semi-automatic, burst, or automatic modes. It

800-998: The Canadian Army , the Royal Canadian Navy , the Australian Army , the Royal Australian Navy , the Israeli Navy , the Philippine Navy , the Philippine Army , the Singapore Army , and the Republic of Singapore Navy as well as several others, including since 2023 the Armed Forces of Ukraine . The wide usage has resulted in several variations and modifications on the standard M242 weapon system. The M242

850-600: The Daewoo K11 , entered service in 2010. The overall concept of this weapon is more advanced to the American OICW , however its production has been halted and weapon discontinued in 2020 due to excessive issues involving its targeting component and the quality of ammunition, to focus on fixing the issues which have been quickly resolved. Inspection of military equipment in June 2021 found that 26% of components involving

900-537: The Gulf of Aden . Aside from that, the Singapore Police Coast Guard 's new coastal patrol craft (NCPC) has adopted the system as its main armament. The Mod 3 updates electronics and adds a coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun with a 570-round-per-minute rate of fire. Turkish made Aselsan STOP stabilized weapon station can be fitted with an M242 Bushmaster. BAE and Boeing teamed together after

950-754: The Hispano-Suiza HS.820 20 mm autocannon. During the testing phase, the Army eventually rejected the XM701 and started work on a newer design known as the XM723. Soon after the XM800 was also rejected. This led to the combination of the two programs, moving the scout role to the cavalry version of the XM723. At the same time, the M139 proved to be disappointing and a contract for a new weapon to replace it started as

1000-517: The Korean War when 3rd Infantry Division of the ROK Army first crossed the 38th Parallel , thus leading the UN coalition into North Korean territory for the first time. The National Security Guard of South Korea was originally formed out of the ROK Army. This organization was created during the United States-led occupation period from 1945 to 1948. The National Security Guard was initially

1050-577: The Metis-M anti-tank missile system. The K200 is highly modular , and its variants provide additional types of combat support such as air defense and vehicle recovery using specialized equipment. The APC can accommodate 12 people including one infantry squad, the driver, and gunners. In November 2015, Doosan and CMI Defence revealed they had cooperated to create the Cockerill Protected Weapon Station (CPWS) to increase

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1100-1128: The NATO equivalents thereof. Primarily though, it fires six types of rounds: the M791, M792, M793, M910, MK210, and M919. The M242 is currently in use by the United States Army , the United States Navy , the United States Marine Corps , the United States Coast Guard , the New Zealand Army , the Royal New Zealand Navy , the Norwegian Army , the Spanish Army , the Sri Lanka Navy , the Swiss Army ,

1150-462: The ROK Army or South Korean Army , is the army of South Korea , responsible for ground-based warfare. It is the largest of the military branches of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces with 365,000 members as of 2022 . This size is maintained through conscription : All able-bodied South Korean males must complete military service (18 months for the army, auxiliary police, and marines, 20 months for

1200-498: The Rafael Overhead Weapon Station-25 mounted on upgraded M113A2 Ultra IFVs . Work on an upgraded weapon began in 1990. In the upgrade program, all three major systems and seven minor systems were improved. The modifications began with introducing a chrome-lined barrel, an enhanced feeder, and an enhanced receiver. The weapon systems also received minor upgrades such as quick-detachable link covers,

1250-655: The chassis of the American Armored Infantry Fighting Vehicle . The AIFV itself was based on the M113 armored personnel carrier . The vehicle was developed to be more affordable than the AIFV, but not necessarily sacrificing capability, to gain an edge in cost-effectiveness. The eventual domestic development and production of the K200 achieved a price range of US$ 1.32-1.41 million as opposed to

1300-406: The receiver to drive the chain and dual-feed system. This system uses sprockets and extractor grooves to feed, load, fire, extract, and eject rounds. A system of clutches provides for an alternate sprocket to engage and thus allows the gunner to switch between armor-piercing and high-explosive rounds . The weapon assembly consists of three parts: the barrel assembly, the feeder assembly, and

1350-508: The $ 1.52-2.83 million price range that a license-production or direct importation of the AIFV would have entailed. Doosan incorporated the MAN D2848T engine into the K200 under a license-production deal and assimilated its technology using domestic components, a reverse-engineering experience that would prove instrumental in the development of its next IFV, the K21 . S&T Dynamics was

1400-853: The American M1A2 Abrams and the German Leopard 2A6 . The ROK Army is planning to field approximately 443 Black Panthers. In addition, the Republic of Korea manufactures the K-9 howitzer which has been exported to Turkey as the T-155 howitzer as well as the ZMA series TIFV's which saw action in UN peacekeeping operations ( PKO ) as part of the Malaysian peacekeeping forces. A variation of the K200,

1450-579: The Ground Operations Command in 2019. The army consists of 365,000 troops, approximately 2,200 tanks, 3,100 armored fighting vehicles, 5,600 artillery pieces, 60 guided missile systems, and 620 helicopters as of 2022. Main battle tank types include: 400 M48 Patton series and its upgrades such as the M48A3K, M48A5, and M48A5K, 33 Soviet T-80U and 2 T-80UK (given by Russia to pay off debt), as well as 1,511 K1A1 and K1 tanks, which bear

1500-638: The KAFVs can be retrofitted to bear a 90mm cannon, 40 mm grenade turret, M230-1 Chaingun Turret, or MK-30 Chaingun Turret. A replacement for the K200 series IFVs are currently being tested, designated as the K21 KNIFV (Korea Next Generation Infantry Fighting Vehicle), which will have various capabilities for both land and naval warfare. The initial production is set for 2008, with the ROK Army planning to field approximately 600 units. The K21 KNIFV's chassis will be constructed entirely out of fiberglass, reducing

1550-460: The KIFV is of all-welded aluminium armor with an additional layer of spaced laminate steel armor bolted to it. The composite armor provides a higher level of protection for less weight. It provides protection against 12.7 mm rounds on the sides, 7.62 mm ammunition in the rear, larger shell splinter from the ground, and anti-personnel mines . The engine compartment is located at the front right of

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1600-734: The Korean War, suffering enormous casualties and loss of equipment. As the Soviets had armed North Korea, the United States armed and trained the South Korean military throughout the Korean War. The Republic of Korea Army is structured to operate in both the mountainous terrain native to the Korean Peninsula (70% mountainous ) and in North Korea with its 950,000 strong Korean People's Army Ground Force , two-thirds of which

1650-671: The Warrior Platform program for modernization of South Korean infantry is defective. On 1 December 2020, all subordinate regiments of each divisions in the Republic of Korea Army reorganized into brigades . As of July 2023, the Republic of Korea Army has 2 field armies , 6 corps , and 34 divisions . In officer ranks, " So " ( 少 ) equals lower; " Jung " ( 中 ) equals medium; " Dae " ( 大 ) equals higher. " Jun " ( 准 ) equals equivalent, used for warrant officer and 1 star generals to ensure that they are regarded as officers/generals, although these ranks are lower than

1700-589: The firepower of the K200. The turret can support cannons between 20–30 mm, plus a 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun, including the: CPWS20 20 mm; CPWS 25 mm which can be armed with the M242 Bushmaster , Nexter M811 , or Oerlikon KBA ; and CPWS30 armed with the M230LF . Republic of Korea Army The Republic of Korea Army ( ROKA ; Korean :  대한민국 육군 ; Hanja :  大韓民國陸軍 ; RR :  Daehanminguk Yukgun ), also known as

1750-479: The front of the hull as countermeasures against electro-optical and infrared targeting. If the KIFV variant features a turret, the smoke grenade launchers mount on the turret (three on each side). K200 can provide infantry firepower support with 12.7 mm and 7.62 mm machine guns. Stronger anti-infantry and anti-material firepower can be brought to bear by equipping a 20 mm Vulcan gun , or 81 mm and 107 mm mortars. Anti-tank capability can be added by equipping

1800-438: The gun from weather and allows for easier access to internal components through large access panels. The upgrade mounts a larger Alliant Techsystems Mk44 Bushmaster II 30 mm cannon for a 500-meter range increase, as well as a coaxial .50 caliber M2 heavy machine gun . Elevation is increased to +75 degrees for engaging UAVs and helicopters, and ammunition storage is greater at 420 30 mm rounds. Other features include

1850-416: The licensee subcontractor for the Allison Transmission X200-5K gearbox . The vehicle entered production in 1985. Serial production was completed in 2006. In October 2017, Hanwha unveiled an internally-funded upgrade project that would turn the K200 into a modular, multi-purpose vehicle. The design involves stretching the chassis and adding a road wheel for six pairs and removing the back section to create

1900-459: The majority of armored vehicles it is likely to encounter, up to and including some light tanks , including an encounter during the war in Ukraine where a Russian T-90M main battle tank was forced to be abandoned. The ammunition used in the M242 may also be used in a variety of weapons such as the GAU-12 Equalizer , the French Giat M811 , or the Swiss Oerlikon KBA weapon system. It has the capability to fire U.S. manufactured ammunition as well as

1950-413: The navy and conscripted firefighters, 21 months for the air force and social service, and 36 months for alternative service) between the ages of 18 and 35. The Republic of Korea Army traces its lineage back to the Gwangmu Reform , when the Pyŏlgigun was established by Emperor Gojong in 1881. The 1st of every October is celebrated in South Korea as Armed Forces Day . It commemorates the day during

2000-436: The receiver assembly. The three-part structure makes it possible for a two-person team to install or remove the system (under ideal conditions) despite its considerable total weight. The M242 weapon system has both electrical and manual fire control and can be operated electrically or manually. The gunner can choose from three rates of fire: The Bushmaster project started as an offshoot of the US Army 's MICV-65 program that

2050-476: The same grade with " So " rank. " Wo " ( 元 ) equals principal, only used for Won-Su , General of the Army. Each of these is coupled with one of the following: " wi " ( 尉 ) equals company grade, " ryung " ( 領 ) equals field grade, and " jang " ( 將 ) equals general. NCO rank is similar to officer. " Ha " ( 下 ) equals lower; " Jung " ( 中 ) equals medium; " Sang " ( 上 ) equals higher; " Won " ( 元 ) equals principal, because this title

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2100-403: The target and mission objectives. Originally, the system was armed with a 10 kW laser, but in April 2017 BAE announced they had increased power to 60 kW. In April 2012, BAE unveiled a potential version of the system mount, developed in collaboration with Rafael Advanced Defense Systems . It is visually distinctive from previous versions with its stealthy housing, which also protects

2150-415: The vehicle and is separated from the remainder of the vehicle by a bulkhead. The engine compartment is fitted with a fire extinguishing system that can be operated by the driver or from outside the vehicle. The air inlet, air outlet louvers and the exhaust pipe are located on the roof of the vehicle to allow amphibious operations. The K200 has six electrically operated smoke grenade launchers mounted across

2200-437: The vehicle's load and enabling it to travel at higher speeds without bulky and powerful engines. When constructed, the NIFV will be lighter than other IFVs, including the American Bradley series and Russian BMP series, increasing both speed and payload. The ROK Army also fields the mobile K-SAM "Pegasus"(천마/天馬; Cheonma ), fitted with 8 missiles that fly at maximum speeds of Mach 2.6, and the K-30 " Biho " series, which features

2250-407: The weapon, resulting in the enhanced 25 mm gun . To date, more than 10,500 weapons are in service. One of the major reasons for this popularity is the extremely reliable nature of the weapon. It has a rating of 22,000 mean rounds between failure (MRBF), much higher than many comparable devices. A wide range of ammunition has been developed for this weapon, providing it with the capability to defeat

2300-405: Was attempting to introduce a new infantry fighting vehicle to replace their existing M113 armored personnel carriers . Part of this program called for a new scout vehicle to replace the M114 , a parallel development taking place under the XM800 Armored Reconnaissance Scout Vehicle . Both the XM800 and the cavalry version of the XM701 MICV vehicles were armed with the M139 , a US-built version of

2350-448: Was reported by South Korean lawmakers that more than 58,000 out of 100,549 South Korean soldiers at the Korean Demilitarized Zone lacked body armor capable of protection from North Korean firearms. The possession of only 42,030 body armor sets leaves 58,519 soldiers without body armor, and only 3,147 of the 42,030 sets are capable of protection from the AK-74 , the standard assault rifle of the Korean People's Army . A new infantry rifle,

2400-418: Was responsible for the defense of the capital as well as the western section of the DMZ. The First Army was responsible for the defense of the eastern section of the DMZ whereas the Second Operational Command formed the rearguard. Under a restructuring plan aimed at reducing redundancy, the Second ROK Army was converted into the Second Operations Command in 2007, and the First and Third ROK Armies were merged as

2450-521: Was satisfied with the introduction of the Mk 38 Mod 0 weapons system. A derivative of the M242 system, the Mk 38 consists of the M242 chain gun and the Mk 88 Mod 0 machine gun mount. It provides ships with defensive and offensive gunfire capability for the engagement of a variety of surface targets. Designed primarily as a close-range defensive measure, it provides protection against patrol boats , floating mines , and various shore-based targets. Recently, several US Navy platforms have been outfitted with

2500-439: Was to ensure operation even in the case of a misfire. Progress on the VRFWS-S was slow, and eventually resulted in a switch to a much more powerful, 25 mm, round. Similar delays in the MICV program meant the ultimate vehicles descending from their efforts, the M2/M3 Bradley fighting vehicle, did not enter production until 1981, by which point the Bushmaster had matured. Since 1990, there have been several enhancements made upon

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