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44-482: Membership in the Omicron Delta Kappa Society is regarded as an honor in the tradition of Phi Kappa Phi , Phi Beta Kappa and Tau Beta Pi . To be selected as a member of ΟΔΚ , students must be among the top 35 percent of all students at that particular institution and hold a leadership role in one of the society's five areas of recognition. On December 3, 1914, the Omicron Delta Kappa Society

88-526: A historically black college or university when one was established at Jackson State University . Phi Kappa Phi is a member of the Honor Society Caucus , which is composed of four honor societies: Phi Beta Kappa , Phi Kappa Phi, Sigma Xi , and Omicron Delta Kappa . The colors of Phi Kappa Phi are blue and gold. The society's Greek letter name was selected from its motto, Φιλοσοφία Kρατείτω Φωτῶν ( Philosophía Krateítõ Phõtôn ) or "Let

132-502: A 1969 Special Convention, the motto devised in 1900, "The Love of Learning Rules all Mankind", was changed to "Let the Love of Learning Rule Mankind" due to membership insistence that the former was, in the words of one member, "the most barefaced lie that had ever been cast in bronze." By 1971, Phi Kappa Phi numbered 120 chapters. In the next twelve years, that number would double to 239. In 1976, Phi Kappa Phi established its first chapter at

176-460: A crenelated line that represents the battlements and walls of Troy and a technological aspect of the ancient Greek culture. In the space between this line and the periphery of the seal appear three stars just above the badge, one for each of the three original chapters. Just below the badge is the phrase "Founded 1897." The society's ribbon portrays the meander pattern common in Greek art, suggesting

220-531: A mission to which the newly burgeoning land-grant universities of the time were dedicated. That was to change in 1897 when the first organizational meeting of Lambda Sigma Eta (later named Phi Kappa Phi), the nation's first all-discipline honor society, was held in Coburn Hall at the University of Maine under the leadership of undergraduate student Marcus L. Urann . In opposition to what he saw as

264-407: A process known as tapping. Eligibility for membership in ΟΔΚ requires at least sophomore academic standing. ΟΔΚ accepts candidates from every field of study who distinguish themselves as outstanding leaders in at least one of the five areas celebrated by the society: scholarship; athletics; campus and community service, social or religious activities, and campus government; journalism, speech, and

308-753: A total of more than one million members since its creation, from over 300 college-based chapters in the United States , Puerto Rico , and the Philippines . Phi Kappa Phi is a 501(c)(3) organization under the United States Internal Revenue Code. Its national headquarters is located in Baton Rouge, Louisiana . Phi Kappa Phi is governed by the biennial convention, supplemented by interim special conventions as necessary. Each chapter may send one official delegate to

352-473: Is an honor society established in 1897 to recognize and encourage superior scholarship without restriction as to the area of study, and to promote the "unity and democracy of education ". It was the fourth academic society in the United States to be organized around recognizing academic excellence, and it is the oldest all-discipline honor society. It is a member of the Honor Society Caucus . In

396-472: Is an umbrella organization that represents several prestigious collegiate honor societies, including Phi Beta Kappa , Sigma Xi , Phi Kappa Phi , and Omicron Delta Kappa . The caucus is a coordinating organization of four of the oldest independent honor societies, including three of the original six founding members of the Association of College Honor Societies . This honor society -related article

440-523: The Association of College Honor Societies (ACHS), being one of its six charter members. In 1933, while the Philippines was still an American colony , the first chapter outside of the continental United States was founded at the University of the Philippines . About this time, president of the society Frank D. Kern stated that "integrity, moral courage, spirited discernment, and concern for human welfare" were equally important for membership in

484-608: The Newark College of Engineering Circle and Robbie Lynn Cooney, Maria Dolores Delvalle, Roxane R. Dow, Catherine Ann Rohrbacher, Karen Diane Janzer, Linda Ann Touten, Martha Gwyn Van Deman, and Cathy Sue Welch of the University of South Florida Circle. Cheryl Hogle was elected as the first woman national president at the convention in Knoxville, Tennessee on February 25, 1998. A similar honorary society, for exceptionally outstanding women leaders, known as Mortar Board ,

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528-533: The University of Alabama Circle introduced an amendment to the national constitution to admit women into the society. In June 1972, Title IX of the "Education Amendments Act of 1972" prohibited sex discrimination in federally assisted educational programs and amended parts of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 . Professional and honor fraternities were included in Title IX. The society's special committee on

572-570: The 90th percentile for the four years of work at the university. In all, the society was founded by ten senior students, two faculty members, and the university president, Abram Winegaard Harris . Urann graduated in 1897, and became the president of Phi Kappa. A year or so later, the name was changed to the Morrill Society, in honor of the sponsor of the Congressional Act which provided for land-grant universities . In 1899,

616-521: The University, the dean of engineering, and another faculty member, the founders selected nine others to join them. A complete list of the fifteen founders follows: All fifteen men were prominent leaders on campus. The rallied around the idea that all-around leadership in college should be recognized, that representative men in all phases of college life should cooperate in worthwhile endeavors and that outstanding students and faculty should affiliate in

660-633: The academic community, poetry, and reviews of current books and periodical literature. Notable people who have contributed to The Phi Kappa Phi Forum include Ronald Reagan , Bob Dole , Edward Kennedy , Jesse Jackson, Sr. , Newt Gingrich , Myrlie Evers-Williams , Michael Dukakis , Thomas "Tip" O'Neill , Annette Kolodny , Warren E. Burger , Ellis Marsalis, Jr. , and Molefi Kete Asante . Phi Kappa Phi awards more than $ 1.3 million in national and local scholarships annually, as well as grants and graduate fellowships . Baird's Manual of College Fraternities notes that aim of these awards "is not to give

704-582: The community of scholars in service to others." The society published the first issue of The Phi Kappa Phi Journal in 1915. That year, the society established an association with the American Association for the Advancement of Science that would last until 1962. In 1919, Phi Kappa Phi was still struggling with securing growth, and in the spirit of "the unity and democracy of education", pushed to become part of technical schools. In 1922,

748-491: The competition. In addition, Phi Kappa Phi fosters community service and leadership through its grants for local and national literacy initiatives, promotion of excellence grants, and training and leadership opportunities available to its membership. Some chapters sponsor conferences and campus speakers. Membership is by invitation only, by an established campus chapter, and is restricted to students with integrity and high ethical standards and who are ranked scholastically at

792-410: The convention, which is held in a major city in the United States. Between conventions, the business of the society is conducted by a twelve-member board of directors. Elected officers include the president, president-elect, a vice president of development, five directors, two student representatives, and the immediate past president. The board's twelfth member is the executive director who is in charge of

836-552: The enduring values and ideals of learning and community leadership promoted by Phi Kappa Phi. Phi Kappa Phi publishes a quarterly journal, The Phi Kappa Phi Forum and the triannual Honor Chord e-zine . The society also publishes the Monthly Mentions newsletter. Each issue of The Phi Kappa Phi Forum is devoted to a significant theme and addresses prominent issues of the day from an interdisciplinary perspective. The journal features articles by scholars inside and outside

880-483: The first woman was initiated into the society, Pearl Clayton Swain. In 1900, the society became national in scope by action of the presidents of the University of Maine (the founding chapter), University of Tennessee , and Pennsylvania State University . There was considerable debate among the three existing chapters regarding the purpose and naming of the society. Pennsylvania State University's President George W. Atherton cautioned that using Greek letters to label

924-405: The late 1800s, there were only three academic honor societies, and they were all discipline-specific. Tau Beta Pi and Sigma Xi were founded in 1885 and 1886, respectively. And then there was Phi Beta Kappa , a social and literary society that did not originate as an honor society when it was founded in 1776 but by the 1850s, according to historians, had definitely evolved as an honor society for

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968-480: The liberal arts and sciences. Although Phi Beta Kappa was not exclusive to one discipline, it did not extend its membership beyond the liberal arts and sciences, hence the establishment of Tau Beta Pi, an honor society for engineering. Phi Beta Kappa became sufficient as an all-campus honor society for liberal arts colleges, but no honor society could serve as such for the universities encompassing both liberal education and also technological and professional education,

1012-425: The love of learning rule humanity". The society's motto is "Let the Love of Learning Rule Mankind". Phi Kappa Phi badge, which appears on the key and in the center of the society's seal, is the terrestrial globe with the sun's eight-rayed corona extending behind it. The sun represents the dissemination of truth and knowledge as light. The eight-rayed sun represents the various branches into which general education at

1056-538: The mass media; and creative and performing arts. Members may be chosen annually or semi-annually depending on the tradition of each circle. The number of candidates tapped each year is limited to 35 percent of the undergraduate population, but most circles limit membership to fewer than the top one-quarter of one percent of the students on their respective campuses. Once a circle votes on who will be tapped for membership, it keeps that secret from all but those few chosen for initiation. Once tapped, each candidate must maintain

1100-572: The possible role of women met in January 1973 and recommended changes to the national constitution that would abolish segregation based on gender within the Society. On March 12, 1974, the national convention convened in New Orleans and approved the initiation of women into the society. The first women members were initiated that day, including Carolyn Julia Kucinski, and Diane Christine Ragosa of

1144-459: The question of admitting African Americans into the society was raised openly, leadership decided that although the constitution did not debar African Americans, the society would not "urge the election of colored people" because the "southern institutions would resent it." Nonetheless, in 1925 the society as a whole formally took the position that it would not discriminate on color or race. Also in 1925, Phi Kappa Phi would be instrumental in creating

1188-459: The recipient something which may encourage complacency, but to challenge the member to continued excellence." To support first-year graduate work, the society now offers annually through the Foundation sixty Fellowships and thirty Awards of Excellence, on a competitive basis, to graduating students who have been initiated into the society and who have also been nominated by their chapters for

1232-490: The rest of the year, as the two rivaled one another in service, athletics, or other campus activities. On March 22, 1992, the national convention passed a resolution authorizing the incorporation of the society. On July 1, 1992, the Omicron Delta Kappa Society was merged into the corporation, The Omicron Delta Kappa Society, Inc. Omicron Delta Kappa became a member of the Association of College Honor Societies since March 30, 1930 . It resigned that membership in 2005 . Today,

1276-450: The secret until the circle reveals it to the campus and community in a public ceremony, only after the circle has initiated the new members into the bonds of the society through its private ritual. At some institutions, such as the University of Missouri , with several such elite societies that tap new members, the public revelations are all held in conjunction, with an annual ceremonial Tap Day celebration on campus. Omicron Delta Kappa uses

1320-416: The separateness and exclusivity promoted by the social fraternities and discipline bound honor societies, Urann wanted to create a society that was defined by inclusiveness and that unified a campus, constituted by "high-rank men drawn from all classes and all groups and all societies". Those selected for invitation into the society would be the top ten students of the senior class whose rank did not fall below

1364-630: The soc"Schriver 1971 36"/> During the two world wars and into the 1960s, society membership numbers and finances struggled. In 1963, Chapter 105 was chartered at the oldest and largest university system in the American territory of Puerto Rico , Universidad de Puerto Rico . By 1969, new member numbers were triple what they were in 1960. That year, the Phi Kappa Phi Foundation was incorporated to promote academic excellence and achievement using scholarships and fellowships. In

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1408-418: The society participates in a more loosely coordinated lobbying association called the Honor Society Caucus . Its members include Phi Beta Kappa , Phi Kappa Phi , Sigma Xi , and Omicron Delta Kappa. Unlike some honor societies that accept all potential members who meet the selection criteria and pay the required fees, ΟΔΚ chooses a highly select group from a pool of potential and qualified students through

1452-412: The society would be "too much like aping other organizations", and President Charles W. Dabney of the University of Tennessee did not want to accept institutions that already had a chapter of Phi Beta Kappa . Nonetheless, on June 12, 1900, the society changed its name to Phi Kappa Phi, drawing from the initial letters of the Greek words forming its motto. In 1900, the three original chapters convened

1496-474: The society's first national convention in New Haven, Connecticut . In 1915, Phi Kappa Phi continued to struggle to earn a reputation. The then secretary of the organization, L. H. Pammel, pointed out that institutions that were seeking to establish a chapter of Phi Beta Kappa were often hesitant about establishing a chapter of Phi Kappa Phi. To this, the society continued to make its case: Phi Beta Kappa, which

1540-477: The society's national office. Active chapters elect chapter officers and are governed by the chapter constitution and by-laws. Phi Kappa Phi has over 300 college-based chapters in the United States , Puerto Rico , and the Philippines . O'Steen, Neal (1985). Making Heroes of Scholars: The Honor Society of Phi Kappa Phi 1971 – 1983 . Baton Rouge, LA: Phi Kappa Phi. ISBN   0-9614651-0-7 . Honor Society Caucus The Honor Society Caucus

1584-455: The spirit of mutual interest and understanding. The founders intended that ΟΔΚ not be yet another society in which members would simply earn a societal key. Instead, members of ΟΔΚ would remain active as leaders, upholding spiritual and moral values and providing service to the campus and community. The founders decided that the organization would be kept a complete secret until keys could be designed and produced. The keys arrived shortly past

1628-494: The term circle to indicate chapters. As of May 4, 2023, 431 circles have been chartered. The practice of automatically designating circles with Greek letter names was abandoned in 1949, although some circles have adopted Greek letter nicknames in later years. Members who have died are said to have entered the Eternal Circle. Phi Kappa Phi The Honor Society of Phi Kappa Phi (or simply Phi Kappa Phi or ΦΚΦ )

1672-401: The time was divided, and the arrangement of the rays "stood for the unity and democracy of the various branches of learning" Encompassing the globe is a band with the Greek letters Phi ( Φ ) Kappa ( K ) Phi ( Φ ). This band represents the bond of fellowship that binds all lovers of learning to a common purpose. The society's seal features its badge at its center. This in turn is surrounded by

1716-401: The top of their class, regardless of field of study: the top 7.5 percent of second-semester university juniors and the top 10 percent of seniors and graduate students. Faculty, professional staff and alumni who have achieved scholarly distinction also might be eligible. Phi Kappa Phi claims to have over 100,000 active members, to initiate approximately 30,000 new members annually, and to have

1760-422: The winter holiday. The student newspaper, Ring-Tum Phi , broke the news on d January 12, 1915, of a new society to be known as "The Circle," with the secret significance of its three Greek letters known only to its members. The members first wore their keys on January 15, 1915. Only men could become members of Omicron Delta Kappa in the first sixty years of its existence. At the 1970 and 1972 National Conventions,

1804-500: Was established in 1918, with many similar ideals and purposes of Omicron Delta Kappa. With the passage of Title IX in 1972, each of those two societies was then required to accept candidates of either gender into its membership. As a result, the two organizations found themselves competing to tap many of the same distinguished students, and those formerly complementary societies became rivals at many institutions, perhaps fiercely so during membership selection, while more congenially so during

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1848-400: Was founded by fifteen men who met in an office on the third floor of Reid Hall at Washington and Lee University. J. Carl Fisher first introduced the idea of creating such a society to a close friend, Rupert Latture. The two soon included mutual friend William Brown in the discussion, and thus these three are referred to as the principal founders of the society. Together with the president of

1892-429: Was later asserted that the society's aim was not to replace older societies, but to "help raise the broader educational program initiated by our government when it established the land-grant system, to the appreciation of scholarly worth whether the subject matter be strictly academic or of a more vocational type." Its mission is "to recognize and promote academic excellence in all fields of higher education and to engage

1936-435: Was repeated time after time, represented the literary side of education such as history, literature, and economics. 'The Phi Kappa Phi on the other hand stands not only for the democracy of education, making no distinction between different lines of investigation, such as literature, history, science, home economics, agriculture, veterinary medicine, and law, but for sound scholarship based on four years of collegiate work.' It

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