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102-761: The provincial center is the city of Omsk . Omsk Governorate became the successor of the Omsk Region (called Akmola until 1918) as part of the Akmola , Atbasar , Kalachin , Kokchetav , Omsk , Petropavlovsk , Tatar County. At the same time, the Slavgorod County was transferred to the Altai County , Tar County to the Tyumen County . As the Civil War continued in the region, it reached

204-501: A continuing rivalry between the two cities. Omsk received a new life because of World War II . Because it was both far from the fighting and had a well-developed infrastructure, Omsk provided a perfect haven for much of the industry evacuated away from the frontlines. Contingency plans were made to transfer the provisional Soviet capital to Omsk in the event of a German victory during the Battle of Moscow (October 1941 to January 1942). At

306-612: A drawing was sent "On the structure of the Omsk fortress beyond the Omya river prison and courtyards in a line." In 1722, this drawing was used by the captain-engineer, Paul de Grange, in the plan's development of the fortress on the right bank of the Om. At the end of the summer of 1717, Gagarin ordered the production of six bells for the Yamyshevskaya and Omsk fortresses. Bells were made by

408-538: A major obstacle to smooth government operations and city development. Omsk is in the south of the West Siberian Plain , along the banks of the north-flowing Irtysh , at its confluence with the Om River . The city has an elevation of 87 meters (285 ft) above mean sea level at its highest point. Omsk is an important railroad hub and is the junction point for the northern and southern branches of

510-769: A population of over 1.1 million. Omsk is the third largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk and Krasnoyarsk , and the twelfth-largest city in Russia. It is an important transport node , serving as a train station for the Trans-Siberian Railway and as a staging post for the Irtysh River . During the Imperial era, Omsk was the seat of the Governor General of Western Siberia and, later, of

612-440: A representative of the municipal government elected by Omsk residents. Here are all the laurels and applause to the head of the region. At […] the event, a trend was clearly outlined, a fashionable tone set by the former governor Leonid Polezhayev - the separation of the city and the region. Although, in poor budgets, Nazarov and Dvorakovsky, on the contrary, should have worked "in one bundle." According to Vyacheslav Dvorakovsky,

714-654: A result of drought, a fifth of the country's crops perished. Famine affected 30 governorates, including the Omsk Governorate. The Tatarsky Uyezd included 9 volosts of the Kainsky (Barabinsky) Uyezd of the Tomsk Governorate . On October 1, 1921, Akmola, Atbasar, Kokchetav, Petropavlovsk districts, as well as 15 volosts of Omsk district went to the Kirghiz ASSR . By January 1, 1922, the area of

816-647: A result of the administrative reform under the project of Speransky , by the Decree of Alexander I "On the division of Siberia into two general governments", the Siberian General Governorate was divided into West-Siberian Governorate-General (Tobolsk Governorate, Tomsk Governorate and Tomsk Oblast) and East-Siberian Governorate-General . The Yeniseisk Governorate of the East-Siberian Governorate-General

918-526: A synagogue, the governor-general's mansion, and a military academy. But as the frontier receded and its military importance diminished, the town fell into disarray. For that reason, Omsk became a major center of the Siberian exile. From 1850 to 1854, Fyodor Dostoyevsky served his sentence in an Omsk katorga prison. Inside the Omsk settlement (the city of Omsk), a military settlement - the Omsk fortress - lived on its own for approximately 150 years. By 1845,

1020-827: A village. The Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 25, 1925 approved the formation of the Siberian Territory with its division into districts and regions. The counties were transformed into Omsk , Slavgorod , Tarsky Okrug and Siberian Territory . Kalachinsky and Tyukalinsky counties were included in the Omsk Okrug. Part of the Tatarsky Uyezd was included in the Barabinsky and Slavgorodsky Okrugs. The first Soviet general population census

1122-566: Is developed in the Bachatsky, Afoninsky and Kolchuginsky deposits, Sudzhenskaya and Anzherskaya mines of the Kuznetsk coal basin. The salt industry is poorly developed. Salt goes on sale in the Tobolsk and Yeniseisk Governorates, and Glauber's salt goes to soda and glass factories. In the 1840s steamboat traffic began along the rivers Ob , Tom , and Chulym . From 1901 to 1903,

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1224-612: Is due to the fact that the Tomsk Governorate was the main region of agrarian resettlement in Siberia. In 1905, the population of the province was 2,327,500 people, and the area was 847,328 km (327,155 sq mi). The ethnographic composition of the population of the province is diverse: there are Great Russians (majority), Aesti , Chuvash people , Zyryans , Ostyaks and Ostyak-Samoyeds , Chulym , Baraba , Kuznetsk , Black Tatars and Bukharians , Telengits or Teleuts , and former Kalmyks -Dvoedans. 90% of

1326-656: Is home to many institutions of higher learning and several universities: As a prominent educational center, Omsk has several museums, theaters, music venues, and educational institutions. Among Omsk's museums, the most notable are: Theaters include the Omsk Opera, The Omsk Theater of Drama, The Omsk Circus, the Omsk State Music Theater, and several smaller venues. Omsk is represented nationally by professional association football and hockey clubs. The socio-political life of Omsk has long been known for

1428-498: Is no information about whether the quadrangular fort and the triangular redoubt were built. However, it is known that the fortress (defensive structure) was built pentagonal, although not as regular as in the drawing. This is clear from the plans of 1745 and 1755. The entire settlement (Omsk fortress, including the Cossack settlement and the main defensive structure) had the shape of an irregular, broken quadrangle. In 1768 Om fortress

1530-758: Is served by the Tsentralny Airport , which offers access to domestic and international (primarily, German and Kazakh) destinations, making the city an important aviation hub for Siberia and the Russian Far East . It is about 450 km (280 mi) north of Kazakhstan's capital Astana , and 600 km (370 mi) west of Siberia's largest city, Novosibirsk . Omsk has a humid continental climate ( Köppen Dfb ) characterized by dramatic seasonal shifts in weather: winters are long, dry, windy and very cold, and summers are short but sunny and warm, sometimes hot. Average daily temperatures, taken over

1632-575: Is the Omsk City Council, elected for five years and consisting of forty deputies. The acting City Council is of the sixth convocation, elected on 10 September 2017, 20 deputies were elected from party lists, the remaining 20 deputies from single-mandate constituencies. Vladimir Valentinovich Korbut, a member of the United Russia party, has been the chairman of the Omsk City Council since 27 September 2017. Gazprom 's Omsk Refinery

1734-586: Is the leading employer of Omsk. The Russian Air Force base called Omsk-Severnyy (air base) is located nearby. The OKMO tank-design bureau, the S.M. Kirov Factory no. 185 , the Omsk Transmash all produce weaponry. Transmash produced T-80 tanks from the 1970s, and handled the BTR-T , TOS-1 , and the prototype Black Eagle tank . Tomsk Governorate Tomsk Governorate ( Russian : Томская губерния , romanized :  Tomskaya guberniya )

1836-607: The Chuisky tract was built. Traffic is open on the railway lines that passed through the Tomsk province: Doctors in the governorate in 1898 numbered one hundred and twenty, with four female doctors and seven dentists. There were twenty-two pharmacies and one balneary. There were six children's shelters for orphans and the children of migrants. All educational institutions totaled 1350, including 90 in towns. There were 54,714 students in total, of which only 12,000 were girls. Born in

1938-737: The Cossacks , designed by Vasily Stasov and consecrated in 1840. It contains various relics of the Siberian Cossacks. Also, an important sigh-seen of the city is the Achair Women's Monastery in the name of the Life-giving Cross of the Lord. It is known for a mineral spring (+37 degrees) on its territory alleged to have healing properties, which was consecrated on September 14, 1993, by Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow . Omsk

2040-716: The Governor General of the Steppes . For a brief period during the Russian Civil War in 1918–1920, it served as the capital of the anti-Bolshevik Russian State and held the imperial gold reserves. Omsk serves as the episcopal see of the bishop of Omsk and Tara , as well as the administrative seat of the Imam of Siberia. The mayor is Sergey Shelest. The city of Omsk is named after the Om river . This hydronym in

2142-753: The Ob River valley, and in the summer of 1877 Polyakov was sent by the academy to the Kuznetsk Ridge (Mariinsky Uezd) to find the corpse of a mammoth (which turned out to be pieces of asbestos). On May 16 (May 28), 1878, by order of the State Council of the Russian Empire , the first university in Siberia and Asia was founded in Tomsk . On June 6 (June 18), 1894, part of the volosts

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2244-668: The Red Army , which viewed it as a major focus of their Siberian campaign and eventually forced Kolchak and his government to abandon the city and retreat along the Trans-Siberian eastward to Irkutsk . Bolshevik forces entered the city in 1919. The Soviet government preferred the young Novonikolayevsk (later known as Novosibirsk ) as the administrative center of Western Siberia, prompting the mass transfer of administrative, cultural, and educational functions from Omsk to Novonikolayevsk. This directive stunted Omsk's growth and sparked

2346-744: The Siberian Revolutionary Committee was given control over the newly formed governorates, including those in the territory occupied by the Kolchakites . The Ishimsky , Tara, Tyukalinsky Uyezd of the Tyumen Governorate were annexed to the Omsk Governorate. Only by November 14, 1919, Omsk was occupied by the Reds during the Omsk Offensive Operation . On November 15, 1919, by the decree of

2448-766: The Tobolsk Governorate , to the south-west the Semipalatinsk region , to the south and south-east Mongolia , and to the east and north-east the Yeniseisk Governorate . In terms of territory, it corresponded to the territories of the modern Altai Krai , the Republic of Altai , Kemerovo Oblast , Novosibirsk Oblast and Tomsk Oblast of the Russian Federation , Ust-Kamenogorsk and Semipalatinsk Oblast of Kazakhstan ,

2550-551: The Trans-Siberian Railway . The city also serves as a major hub for the regional highway network. River-port facilities handle both passengers and freight, giving the city access to navigating the extensive waterways of the Irtysh and Ob River . The waterways connect Omsk with the coal and mineral-mining towns further up the river in Kazakhstan , as well as with the oil, natural gas and lumber operations of northern Siberia. Omsk

2652-502: The All-Russian Central Executive Committee to grant Siberian provinces the right to introduce a new volost division, with the approval of the Siberian Revolutionary Committee and the subsequent submission of projects to the administrative commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. By the resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 31, 1924, the center of the Omsk district

2754-778: The Autonomous Kirghiz SSR was issued on the admission of the new Akmola province with Petropavlovsk and Kokchetav to the AKSSR. A resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of June 10, 1921 established the border between the Kirghiz ASSR and Siberia along the Omsk district (the Isilkul station was left on the territory of the Kirghiz ASSR). The border line passed east of the Isil-Kul station along

2856-832: The Buholz detachment abandoned the Yamyshev fortress and moved down the Irtysh to the territory of the Tarsky district. Gagarin assessed the situation and gave instructions to Lieutenant Colonel Buholz and the Tara commandant to build a fortress at the mouth of the Om and sent recruits to reinforce them. By the end of 1716, the first fortress (fortified place) was built in the modern river station. It comprised an earthen pentagonal fortress, powder and food stores, barracks for soldiers, and houses for officers. The first Omsk fortress (fortified place)

2958-748: The Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 28, 1922, the Isil-Kul and Gorodishchenskaya volosts were returned from the Petropavlovsk district of the Akmola province. By the Decree of the NKVD of July 31, 1922, the Bazhenovskaya , Bolshe-Mogilskaya, and Lyubinskaya volosts of the Tyukalinsky district were annexed to the Omsky district . The following Kirghiz volosts were formed in

3060-695: The Kainsky uezd , the Novonikolaevsky uezd was formed. The Togur (Narym) uezd was re-formed. Soviet power on the territory of the Tomsk Uezd was established between December 1917 and March 1918. On January 1 (14), 1918 part of the Kainsky Uezd was included in the newly formed Tatar Uezd of the Akmola oblast. On April 21, 1918, by decision of the Council of People's Commissars of

3162-408: The Kuznetsk Okrug, the Tomsk Okrug, and partially the Achinsk Okrug of the Siberian Krai. The coat of arms of the Tomsk province was approved on July 5, 1878, by Alexander II . In a green shield is a silver horse with scarlet eyes and a tongue. The shield is surmounted by the Imperial crown and surrounded by golden oak leaves connected by the ribbon of St. Andrew. By the end of the 19th century,

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3264-426: The Kuznetsk Uezd and Shcheglovsky Uezd were merged into the Kolchuginsky Uezd. The same year, zoning was carried out in the districts of the Tomsk Governorate. By the beginning of 1925, the Tomsk Governorate included the Kolchuginsky, Mariinsky, Narymsky, and Tomsk Uezds. On May 25, 1925, the Tomsk Governorate was abolished by a decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee; its territories became part of

3366-434: The Novinsky district, there were 29 village councils. On September 24, 1924, the Sibrevkom approved the formation of enlarged volosts in the Omsk province. New Soviet volosts were formed. A volost included from 3 to 19 village councils. The new tasks were beyond the old volost, it was weak, insufficiently organized, and had few people capable of carrying out Soviet construction in the village. The volost executive committees of

3468-407: The Omsk Provincial Executive Committee of the Council of Workers, Peasants, and Red Army Deputies" began to be published in Omsk. On the consolidation of volosts. Considering the readiness of the majority of Siberian provinces to switch to a system of consolidated volosts and the need for the fastest possible implementation of this measure, the Siberian Revolutionary Committee filed a petition with

3570-399: The Omsk garrison under the command of Stupin went to the upper Irtysh to build fortresses. Lieutenant Colonel Ivan Buholz categorically refused to lead a new expedition. In March 1717, he was sent from Tobolsk to the capital. There is very little information about the foundation of the Omsk settlement and the construction of the second fortress. One of the most valuable sources of information is

3672-453: The Omsk mayor, and Putin publicly called Dvorakovsky a "piglet". In March 2016, at an air show attended by more than 100,000 spectators, Nazarov ignored the mayor. BK55 correspondent Yelena Yarovaya noted that the mayor at this event was deprived of the right to speak: It turns out like this: for bad roads, unremoved snow, and landfills, we "beat" the mayor with a poor budget. And we celebrate holidays, all sorts of shows and pleasures, without

3774-415: The Omsk province. Instead of 252 volosts, 52 districts were formed, but they existed unofficially, since they were not approved by either the SRK or the VTsIK (the districts would receive a legal basis only in May 1925 by the Resolution of the VTsIK). It is worth noting the enormous size of the "Omsk districts". Thus, in the Achairsky district, the distance to the district center was from 8 to 70 versts. In

3876-408: The Omsky district: In November 1922, the Omsk provincial executive committee transformed the Isil-Kul station into a village. The settlement by the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of February 14, 1923, the Pleso-Kurinskaya volost of the Kamensky district of the Novo-Nikolaevskaya province was transferred to the Slavgorod district of the Omsk province. In 1923, the "Bulletin of

3978-416: The RSFSR , the Shcheglovsky Uezd was formed. Between July and August 1918, Tomsk Governorate came under the control of the White Army . On July 11, 1918, the Tomsk Governorate zemstvo council adopted a resolution on the formation of the Shcheglovsky uezd from January 1, 1919. In December 1919 – January 1920 it was under the control of the Red Army . The administrative center of the Tomsk Governorate

4080-410: The Siberian Revolutionary Committee and the Revolutionary Military Council of the 5th Army of the Red Army, the Omsk Revolutionary Committee was formed in the city of Chelyabinsk. On November 24, 1919, the Omsk Provincial Revolutionary Committee was formed. At the end of November 1919, the institutions of the Siberian Revolutionary Committee moved to Omsk. On December 5, 1919, the Kalachinsk District

4182-421: The Siberian Revolutionary Committee in 1920. Thus, finally destroying the elements of the old government. Until the liquidation of the province in 1925, it did not have a new coat of arms. Omsk Omsk ( / ˈ ɒ m s k / ; Russian : Омск , IPA: [omsk] ) is the administrative center and largest city of Omsk Oblast , Russia . It is situated in southwestern Siberia and has

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4284-513: The Siberian governor did not expect the military expedition to reach Yarkand. It was almost impossible and unnecessary. The fortresses along the trade route would remain. The tsar believed in the governor and signed a decree organizing an expedition under the command of a former captain of the Guards, Army Lieutenant Colonel Ivan Bukholts, about the construction of fortresses along the Irtysh above Yamyshev. On January 2, 1716, Matvey Petrovich Gagarin took up his governor's duties and actively took up

4386-440: The Tomsk Governorate was divided into seven uezds , which were in turn subdivided into volosts . In the period of the 19th and 20th centuries, the Tomsk Governorate included uezds (years in the Governorate are indicated in brackets): uezd town sq. verst (1897), people (area of both uezd ) uezd town From the beginning of the 19th century, Tomsk Governorate was a place of exile. A significant increase in population

4488-399: The administrative commission under the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee approved the following cities in the province: Omsk, Novo-Omsk, Leninsk-Omsky, Tara, Tyukalinsk, Slavgorod, Tatarsk. To distinguish the cities of Leninsk (near Omsk and Kuznetsk ), the cities were given the names " Leninsk-Omsky " and " Leninsk-Kuznetsky ". The city of Kalachinsk was transformed into

4590-457: The birds, mainly the hazel grouse comes into trade. The cedar nut trade exists in the same areas where hunting is carried out. The nut is sold partly to Tomsk, partly to the Irbit , Ivanovo-Krestovsky and Ishimsky and other fairs, as well as abroad. The berry trade is important, especially lingonberries . In the governorate, grain, fish, salt, wine, lard, honey, wax, leather, pine nuts and furs were produced and delivered to other parts of

4692-443: The border with the Petropavlovsk district, then north of the Kichi-Karoy and Ulkun-Karoy lakes, the Kara-Terek tract, adhering to the southern borders of the Russian volosts and reaching the Cherlakovskaya village on the Irtysh (which was left in the Kirghiz ASSR), with the Russian volosts — Orekhovskaya, Dobrovolskaya, Moiseyevskaya, Russko-Polyanskaya, Novo-Sanzharovskaya, Chernousovskaya, Stepanovskaya, Kotelnikovskaya — being added to

4794-414: The center of the Charyshsky okrug was transferred to the city of Biysk; the okrug was renamed Biysk okrug . In 1838, with the founding of the provincial gymnasium , public education began to develop. On April 6, 1838, when the Omsk Oblast was abolished, the cities of Semipalatinsk and Ust-Kamenogorsk were transferred to the Biysk okrug of the Tomsk Governorate. In 1842, Pyotr Chikhachyov

4896-505: The character of the city center. British, Dutch, and German consulates were established roughly at the same time to represent their commercial interests. The pinnacle of development for pre-revolutionary Omsk was the Siberian Exposition of Agriculture and Industry in 1910. The popularity of the World Fair contributed to the image of Omsk as the " Chicago of Siberia ." After the October Revolution , anti-Bolshevik White forces seized control of Omsk. The " Provisional All-Russian Government "

4998-412: The city is an ensemble of buildings along Lyubinsky Avenue/Lenina Street, anchored by the former Gostiny Dvor , and flanked by two chapels. The area is an eclectic mix of architectural styles, dominated by Art nouveau, Neoclassical and Second Empire. Closer to the confluence of the Om and the Irtysh are the few surviving sombre buildings of the 18th-century fortress. The largest and most opulent church in

5100-415: The city is the Dormition Cathedral , a five-domed edifice in the Russian Revival style, consecrated in 1896, demolished by the Soviets, and restored in the first decade of the 21st century. Another area of interest is Nikolsky Avenue-Krasnykh Zor Street, where a line of merchants' wooden houses still stands. The street leads to the Neoclassical cathedral of St. Nicholas , which was commissioned by

5202-464: The city's large businesses, which had been state-owned, were fought over by members of the former party elite, the emerging nouveau riche , and fast-growing criminal syndicates. The most notorious cases involved the privatization of Sibneft , a major oil company. Until the end of the 1990s, political life in Omsk was defined by an ongoing feud between the oblast and city authorities. The resulting conflict developed into two points of view, which served as

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5304-429: The city, wielding its tax rates as leverage in negotiations with municipal and regional authorities. The nearby parts of the city close to the complex were nicknamed Neftezovodskaya by refinery workers. Omsk-Severnyy (air base) , a Soviet then Russian Air Force base, is located nearby. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union , Omsk experienced a period of economic instability and political stagnation. Most of

5406-421: The conflict between the city and regional authorities. For more than ten years, there was an information war between Governor Leonid Polezhayev of the Omsk Oblast and the city's mayors. It began with a confrontation between Polezhayev and Valery Roshchupkin (1995-2001) in 1999 and was accompanied by black PR from the media owned by the governor (for example, Channel 12) and from the media owned or supported by

5508-423: The construction of fortresses in Siberia including those on Lake Kosogol, and the Yenisei and Irtysh rivers. Between January 8-10, 1716, the prince met with the king and made him an offer as a golden collection from the ancient burial mounds plundered along the Ishim and Irtysh. At the meeting, Gagarin reported to Peter about his plans for the development of Siberia and received the tsar's permission, presumably as

5610-426: The country and abroad. Tomsk Governorate was the main producer of Siberian butter. The mining and metallurgical industry in the Altai mining district has been developed since the time of Demidov , the Dimidov mines and factories came under the jurisdiction of the Cabinet. Silver smelting is carried out at the Suzunsky plant. The gold industry and the factory business have recently (1901) fallen into decline. Coal

5712-422: The culture, life, and customs of various nomadic and settled tribes of this region, having made in 1845 a geographical and geological description of these regions. His book includes illustrations by the noted Russian artist E. Mayer who traveled with him and Ivan Aivazovskii, of the steep valleys, deep lakes, and wide rivers typical of the area through which Chikhachev traveled. On May 19 (May 31), 1854, part of

5814-446: The dialect of Baraba Tatars means "the quiet one". [REDACTED] Tsardom of Russia , 1716–1721 [REDACTED] Russian Empire , 1721–1917 [REDACTED] Russian Republic , 1917–1918 [REDACTED] Provisional All-Russian Government , 1918–1919 [REDACTED] Soviet Union ( RSFSR ), 1919–1991 [REDACTED]   Russia , 1991–present The creation of the Omsk fortress, like other Upper Irtysh fortresses,

5916-461: The districts of the province supported the West Siberian Uprising , especially the mass unrest was in the Tyukalinsky and Tarsky districts. As a punishment for the Russian people, who rose up in Southern Siberia against the communist dictatorship , in 1921 four counties with indigenous Russian populations were torn away from the Omsk province and included in the Autonomous Kirghiz SSR, created by decree of V. I. Lenin on August 26, 1920. The opinion of

6018-417: The end of the war, Omsk remained a major industrial center, subsequently becoming a leader in Soviet military production. Military industries that moved to Omsk included part of the OKMO tank-design bureau in 1941, and S.M. Kirov Factory no. 185 from Chelyabinsk , in 1962. The Kirov Factory and Omsk Transmash design bureau (KBTM) produced T-80 tanks from the 1970s, and handled the BTR-T , TOS-1 , and

6120-443: The enlarged volosts now received a large amount of economic, administrative and political rights and were freed from minor management functions, transferring them to the village councils. At the end of 1924, the Dobrovolskaya and Znamenskaya volosts of the Kamensky district of the Novo-Nikolaevsk province were included in the Slavgorod district. By January 1, 1925, the area of the province reached 250,114 km. On May 21, 1925,

6222-409: The first Yamyshev and Omsk fortresses was explained by the lack of fortification experience among the construction managers. At the beginning of 1717 , the dragoon captain, Ilya Gavrilovich Aksakov, was requested to make the trip from Russia. The Governor conferred a major on him and directed him to supervise the construction of a new (second) fortress at the mouth of the Om . In the summer of 1717,

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6324-423: The governor's full support; however, in 2010, the information war unfolded again. Several pro-governor media sought the resignation of the mayor. At a press conference on 1 December 2010, Viktor Schreider said he did not intend to participate. According to another version, the information war began in November 2009 after the primaries of the Omsk branch of the United Russia party, but the prerequisites were still in

6426-403: The highest resolution. On January 27, 1716, Peter I left for Europe, where he stayed until October 1717 and ceased receiving timely and reliable information from Siberia. In January 1716, Gagarin (regarding the tsar's decree) issued his own orders for the construction of a fortress on the frontier of Kosogol Lake and in April on the construction of the fortresses on the Upper Yenisei. On April 28,

6528-401: The impetus for some improvements to the city's infrastructure and cultural life. These improvements included the construction of new leisure parks and the renovation of the city's historic center, the establishment of the annual Siberian International Marathon , and of the annual City Days Festival. Despite this, internal political competition continued to drain the city's resources and served as

6630-426: The information war is needed by people whose interests are to weaken both city and regional authorities, while both authorities have already successfully cooperated in solving the problem of kindergartens. On 30 April 2016, during a prank call from the NTV channel, the governor Nazarov sharply criticized Dvorakovsky for his inactivity concerning the city and unwillingness to accept help in critical communal tasks. At

6732-403: The inventory of documents of the Tara Chancellery, copied for Professor G.F. Miller in 1734. This inventory was mentioned by Professor V.I. Kochedamov  [ ru ] in 1960, and in 2015 it was published by the Barnaul scientists V.B. Borodaev and A.V. Kontev. However, there are no drawings and it is not known where and how the new city (fortress) was built. From Tara to the Omsk fortress,

6834-416: The local Russian population was not taken into account. According to the first Soviet census of 1920: Petropavlovsk district included 27 Russian volosts and 12 Russian stanitsas (278,224 people), Kokchetav district included 68 Russian volosts (350,145 people). On January 17, 1921, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR adopted a resolution on the division of the Russian Omsk Governorate and

6936-405: The mayor. The heads of several newspapers and one television company issued a joint statement accusing the governor of violating the "media law" and the Constitution, which guarantees freedom of speech. Then, in 2003, the conflict between the governor and the mayor Yevgeny Belov (2001-2004) began, culminating in the change of the mayor. The new mayor Viktor Schrader (2004-2012) initially came with

7038-412: The military department, in the amount of three pieces per fortress. According to the drawing of the Omsk fortress in 1717, there was a triangular guard redoubt at the mouth of the Om, a quadrangular fort at the crossing over the Om, and a pentagonal fortress in the yard. At the beginning of 1718, seven bells were made. Perhaps the seventh was intended for the Omsk Sloboda on the right bank of the Om . There

7140-431: The mouth of the Ob, trade caravans were attacked by free detachments of Kalmyks (Oirats) and Kirghiz-Kaisaks, which their rulers could not cope with. A reliable guard was needed with its placement in stationary fortifications. In May 1714, the Siberian governor received the tsar's consent to build fortresses along the Irtysh and to the existing trade route. In his report to the tsar on May 22, 1714, Gagarin substantiated

7242-437: The need to build fortresses along the Irtysh to ensure communication and safety of the expedition going to the city of Yarkand for the golden sand. The gold deposit was behind the Tien Shan ridges, on the territory of a neighboring state, in the Taklamakan Desert . Prince Gagarin understood the consequences of this adventure. With a positive result, this would threaten a military conflict with China and Dzungaria . Of course,

7344-436: The past three decades, are between +20 °C (68 °F) for July and −17 °C (1.4 °F) for January, although temperatures can reach +40 °C (104 °F) in the summer and drop to −45 °C (−49 °F) in the winter. On average, Omsk sees over 300 sunny days a year ( 2201 hours ). The average annual precipitation is 415 millimeters (16.3 in). The population in Omsk had been steadily rising, according to

7446-732: The peoples who previously lived here – the Chinese and that people, the monuments of which are numerous stone mounds , kurgan stelae (baba) , petroglyphs on rocks , etc., scattered throughout the Altai Mountains. In part, irrigation channels of later origin were built by the Kalmyks themselves as they increasingly began to move to agriculture. Animal husbandry developed. In the Biysk Uezd, deer (mountain deer, Cervus maral) are bred. Beekeeping played an important role, although it

7548-697: The point of awkwardness: the Whites called the administrative-territorial unit — Omsk Oblast, and the Reds — Omsk Governorate. During this period, there were two names at the same time (the situation changed only in early 1920, when Soviet power was finally established in the region). By the All-Russian Central Executive Committee Resolution of August 27, 1919, "On the Formation of Civil Administration in Siberia,"

7650-484: The population is Slavic . The main occupation of the population is agriculture. The main crops are wheat, oats, rye, barley, buckwheat, potatoes, flax, and hemp. The system of field cultivation is fallow - fallow . In many areas of the Altai okrug , the cultivation of grain is possible only under the condition of artificial irrigation . In part, modern irrigation channels represent the restored irrigation structures of

7752-524: The population of the governorate was 1,716,123 (1,520,209 rural, 195,914 urban). By 1923, the population in the 3 largest cities of the governorate was distributed as follows: According to the Omsk Provincial Registry Office, the birth rate, death rate, marriages and divorces in the city of Omsk and its suburbs Leninsky and Novo-Omsky were expressed in the following figures for the three years 1922-1924: As of January 1, 1924,

7854-461: The population of the province was 1,608,559 people (1,413,100 rural, 195,458 urban). By December 1, 1924, there were 87,000 Germans in the province (156,000 in total in Siberia). As of January 1, 1925, the population of the province was 1,559,430 people (1,410,548 rural, 188,882 urban). Omsk province, as the successor of Omsk region, bore the old coat of arms, which was abolished by the decree of

7956-405: The prototype Black Eagle tank . Omsk Transmash declared bankruptcy in 2002. In the 1950s, following the development of the oil and natural gas field in Siberia, an oil refinery complex was built, along with an entire "town of oil workers", expanding Omsk northward along the Irtysh . It is currently the largest such complex in Russia. Gazprom Neft , the parent company, is the largest employer in

8058-472: The province was 250,553 km. By the Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of January 12, 1922, the Isil-Kul station (along the border between Siberia and the Kirghiz ASSR along Omsk district) was left within the borders of Siberia. By the Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 15, 1922, the Cherlak and Basstandyk-Tuus volosts were transferred to the Kirghiz ASSR. By

8160-415: The records: from 31,000 in 1881 to 53,050 in 1900 and to 1,148,418 in 1989 . The 2002 Census recorded that the population had declined to 1,134,016, but it rebounded marginally, according to the 2010 Census , which listed the population of 1,154,116. By 2021, the population had declined to 1,125,695. As of the 2021 Census , the ethnic composition of Omsk was: The architectural centerpiece of

8262-518: The same time, Nazarov stressed that normal interaction, without a "war", with the mayor does not work even with a mutual desire for this. Within the framework of administrative divisions , Omsk is incorporated as a city of oblast significance —an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts . As a municipal division , Omsk is incorporated as the Omsk Urban Okrug. The representative body of local self-government

8364-534: The structures of the Omsk fortress were half destroyed, which prompted the engineering department of the military department to petition for the abolition of the fortress. In 1864, the fortress was destroyed. The development of the city was generated by the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway in the 1890s. This move led to the significance of Omsk as a logistic hub. Many trade companies established stores and offices in Omsk which came to define

8466-650: The summer of 2009; as a result, the entire information war was reduced to a political game. Schreider, as a result, changed the post of mayor to the place of a deputy in the State Duma, and the acting mayor T. A. Vizhevitova was appointed in his place. In 2012, the Omsk Oblast Governor Polezhayev, permanent since the Soviet era, resigned, and Viktor Nazarov , who previously held the post of general director at CJSC Gazprom Mezhregiongaz Omsk,

8568-613: The territory of the Kirghiz ASSR. The Isil-Kulskaya and Gorodishchenskaya volosts were transferred to the Petropavlovsk district of the Akmola province. By the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of June 13, 1921, the Baklushevskaya, Volchanskaya, and Lyalikskaya volosts were transferred to the Kargatsky Uyezd of the Novo-Nikolaevskaya Governorate . In the summer of 1921, as

8670-755: The territory of the Tomsk Governorate with the cities of Semipalatinsk and Ust-Kamenogorsk was transferred to the Semipalatinsk Oblast . On December 6 (December 18), 1856, the Kolyvan okrug was abolished and the new Kiysky okrug was formed. November 1 (November 23), 1857, the Kiysky okrug was renamed the Mariinsky okrug . 1876 the Imperial Academy of Sciences sent Polyakov Ivan Semenovich on scientific travels to research in

8772-599: The trade route to this country. The main route passed from Tobolsk , down the Irtysh, then up the Ob, then along the Ket portage to the Yenisei, and on to the border with China. The journey was long, difficult, and expensive. There was also a second option - up the Irtysh, twice shorter and much easier. Kalmyk, Kyrgyz-Kaisak and Chinese chiefs were interested in this route as they all had their share of international trade. However, above

8874-688: The transfer of four Russian-populated districts to the Autonomous Kirghiz SSR: Akmola, Atbasar, Kokchetav, and Petropavlovsk. From the districts severed from the Omsk Governorate, a new Akmola Governorate was created with its center in the city of Petropavlovsk as part of the Autonomous Kirghiz SSR. On April 26, 1921, a resolution of the Extraordinary Plenipotentiary Commission of the Central Executive Committee of

8976-569: The western lands of Krasnoyarsk Krai and the eastern lands of Omsk Oblast . During the 20th century, the territory of the province constantly diminished. On February 26 ( March 9 ), 1804, by decree of Emperor Alexander I , the Tobolsk Governorate was divided into two parts and the Tomsk Governorate was established. The governorate included eight uezds ( okrugs since 1898): Biysk Uezd, Yenisei Uezd, Kainskiy Uezd, Krasnoyarsky Uezd, Kuznetskiy Uezd, Narymsky Uezd, Tomsky Uezd, and Turukhansky Uezd . On January 26 ( February 7 ), 1822, as

9078-673: Was separated from the Biysk okrug with the formation of the Zmeinogorsk okrug . On June 2 (June 14), 1898, the okrugs were renamed uezds . On June 17 (June 30), 1917, by decree of the Russian Provisional Government , the Altai Governorate was separated from the southern part of the Tomsk Governorate on the basis of the uezds of Barnaul, Biysk and Zmeinogorsk. From the eastern volosts of

9180-608: Was an administrative-territorial unit ( guberniya ) of the Russian Empire , the Russian Republic , and the Russian SFSR , which existed from 1804 to 1925 as part of Siberian Governorate-General (1804–1822) and West Siberian Governorate-General (1822–1882). Its capital was in Tomsk . The Tomsk Governorate was located in the southeastern part of Western Siberia . To the north, north-west and west it bordered

9282-517: Was appointed in his place. In the same year, early mayoral elections (due to the resignation of the previous mayor) were held, and United Russia candidate Vyacheslav Dvorakovsky, who previously served as chief engineer of the Omsk NPO Mostovik, was elected the new mayor. The information war continued, with the next round beginning during a direct line with President Putin, when an Omsk woman complained that she could not get an appointment with

9384-461: Was carried out very irrationally. Part of the bee products is sent to the Irbit Fair . In addition to apiary beekeeping , there is also honey hunting . Fisheries also developed. Fishing is the main occupation of inorodtsy and partly of Russians. Hunting and birding is in decline due to an increase in population, forest fires and the merciless extermination of animals and birds. Of

9486-476: Was caused by the urgent need to strengthen the trade route to China. The credit for their arrangement belongs entirely to the Siberian governor, Prince M.P. Gagarin. However, he also bears a large share of the responsibility. Gagarin, being the governor in Nerchinsk and then the head of the Siberian order and the Siberian province, devoted a lot of time and effort to trade with China . And above all, he organized

9588-732: Was charged by Nicholas I with a scientific expedition mission to the Altai mountains . He reached the sources of the rivers Abakan , Chu , and Chulyshman . Traveling across the Southern Altai, Chikhachyov reached undiscovered territories. He investigated also the Sayan Mountains . In the Northern Altai he found the richest coal deposits in the world, which he called the Kuznetsk Coal Basin . He also studied

9690-519: Was conducted on August 28, 1920. It was combined with an agricultural census and a brief industrial census. The census was conducted during the unfinished Civil War and did not cover most of the outskirts of the country. 72% of the population was censused (58 out of 71 provinces). Omsk Governorate had a population of 2,450,752, including 2,218,616 in rural areas. Rural population: Russians 1,715,441 (822,055 m - 893,386 f), Kyrgyz 493,966 (267,597 m - 226,369 f). Total 2,209,407 people. As of January 1, 1922,

9792-462: Was established in Omsk in 1918, headed by the Arctic explorer and decorated war hero Admiral Kolchak . Omsk was proclaimed the capital of Russia, and its central bank was tasked with safekeeping the former empire's gold reserves. These were guarded by a garrison of former Czechoslovakian POWs trapped in Siberia by the chaos of World War I and the subsequent Revolution . Omsk became a prime target for

9894-412: Was moved from the city of Omsk to the city of Novo-Omsk . By May–June 1924, rural councils were formed in the province, which were distinguished by their extreme diversity, both in the rural societies united by the village council, and in the size of the village councils and their executive technical apparatus. By this time, the transition to large-district division had been implemented in Siberia only in

9996-508: Was moved to the city of Novonikolaevsk . In April 1920, the government was returned to Tomsk . On June 13, 1921, by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee , the southwestern lands of the Tomsk Governorate, Kainsky Uezd and Novonikolaevsk Uezd were ceded to the newly created Novonikolaevsk Governorate. On October 27, 1924, by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee ,

10098-456: Was moved. The original Tobolsk and the restored Tara gates, along with the original German Lutheran Church and several public buildings, are left. Omsk was granted town status in 1782. In 1822, Omsk became an administrative capital of Western Siberia and later in 1882 the center of the vast Steppes region (today the northern part of Kazakhstan ) and Akmolinsk Oblast acquiring several churches and cathedrals of various denominations, mosques,

10200-414: Was practically a copy of the fortress erected in 1715 near Yamyshevskoye Lake. However, it also had a significant drawback: the fortifications were scattered and the outer fence was weak. When the enemy attacked, the entire garrison would have to defend the fortress with objects separate from each other. This actually happened in 1716 during the defense of the Yamyshevskaya fortress. The unsuccessful layout of

10302-489: Was restored again. By the Siberian Revolutionary Committee resolution of January 3, 1920, Omsk Oblast was officially transformed into Omsk Governorate consisting of 1 district: Semipalatinsk District. In June 1920, Ishim District consisting of 49 volosts was transferred to Tyumen Governorate . In January 1921, the Slavgorod district consisting of 52 volosts was transferred from the Altai province . In 1921, some of

10404-862: Was separated from the Tomsk Governorate (the eastern territories of the Yeniseisk Uezd, the Krasnoyarsk Uezd, Turukhansk Uezd were separated) and the Omsk Oblast (the territories with the cities of Semipalatinsk and Ust-Kamenogorsk , Kolyvan Uezd), Narym Uezd is included in Tomsk Uezd. The lands of the Kolyvano-Voskresensky (Altai) mining district became part of the Tomsk Governorate, and the uezds were renamed okrugs . In 1823 Tobolsk Governorate consisted of six okrugs : Barnaulsky, Kainsky, Kolyvansky, Kuznetsky, Tomsky, and Charyshsky. On September 17 (September 29), 1827,

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