The Ontario Northland Railway ( reporting mark ONT ) is a Canadian railway operated by the Ontario Northland Transportation Commission , a provincial Crown agency of the government of Ontario .
99-588: Originally built to develop the Lake Timiskaming and Lake Nipissing areas, the railway soon became a major factor in the economic growth of the province. After decades of difficult construction through the Canadian Shield , workers reached James Bay in 1932. While blasting the route through the shield, geologists discovered deposits of valuable minerals such as gold , silver , copper and nickel . The railway also made it possible to exploit
198-860: A CANZUK agreement that would enable mobilization of goods, trade and people between Canada , Australia , New Zealand and the United Kingdom . The party is also supportive of Israel ; Conservative leaders Andrew Scheer and Erin O'Toole have both expressed support for moving Canada's embassy to Jerusalem . The party also supports taking a tough stance against the People's Republic of China and has pledged to prevent China from entering Canada's 5G Networks. The party also calls on Canada to encourage other Western nations to prevent Chinese government backed corporations from accessing and taking control of important media, energy, internet, defense and security related infrastructure. The party supports maintaining
297-523: A Charger locomotive and three Venture passenger cars . The train sets are for the restoration of Northlander train service between Toronto and Cochrane, which would operate four to seven times per week depending on season. There would be 16 stops: Toronto ( Union Station ), Langstaff , Gormley , Washago , Gravenhurst , Bracebridge , Huntsville , South River , North Bay , Temagami , Temiskaming Shores , Englehart , Kirkland Lake/ Swastika , Matheson , Timmins and Cochrane . ONR operates or operated
396-490: A " big tent " party, practising "brokerage politics" and welcoming a broad variety of members, including " Red Tories " and " Blue Tories ". From Canadian Confederation in 1867 until 1942, the original Conservative Party of Canada formed numerous governments and had multiple names. However, by 1942, the main right-wing Canadian force became known as the Progressive Conservative Party. In
495-494: A "hidden agenda". Ultimately, Harper's new Conservatives emerged from the election with a much larger parliamentary caucus of 99 MPs while the Liberals were reduced to a minority government of 135 MPs, twenty short of a majority. In 2005, some political analysts such as former Progressive Conservative pollster Allan Gregg and Toronto Star columnist Chantal Hébert suggested that the then-subsequent election could result in
594-724: A Conservative government if the public were to perceive the Tories as emerging from the party's founding convention (then scheduled for March 2005 in Montreal) with clearly defined, moderate policies with which to challenge the Liberals. The convention provided the public with an opportunity to see the Conservative Party in a new light, appearing to have reduced the focus on its controversial social conservative agenda. It retained its fiscal conservative appeal by espousing tax cuts, smaller government, and more decentralization by giving
693-624: A canoe trip on 11 June 1978 on the lake. Lake Timiskaming is located within the ancient major rift valley Timiskaming Graben . It is the northern extension of the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben , which is part of the Saint Lawrence rift system . There have been recent earthquakes along the rift valley, the most recent being in 2000. There are numerous faults in the area and has produced cliffs such as Devil's Rock , just 5 km (3 mi) south of Haileybury and
792-768: A defeat of the motion in the House of Commons stated it would not seek to reopen it. In 2016, the Conservatives amended the party constitution to recognize and support same-sex marriage. The Conservative leadership has supported changing the law to allow men who have sex with men to donate blood . The party wants to keep the "Fiscal Balance" (which it introduced in its 2007 Budget while in government) in place and eliminate national debt. It also supports more simplified tax codes, controls on government spending and reductions in both personal and business taxes. Former party leader Erin O'Toole has listed economic recovery following
891-631: A letter with signatures from 35 Conservative MPs calling for a leadership review on O'Toole's leadership to the Conservative caucus chair, Scott Reid . In the letter, Benzen criticized O'Toole's reversal on repealing the Liberal government's carbon tax and assault weapons ban. On February 2, 2022, O'Toole was removed as leader by a margin of 73 to 45 votes. Then-deputy leader of the Conservative Party Candice Bergen
990-458: A low carbon savings account. In contrast to his two predecessors as leader, O'Toole is pro-choice and supports same-sex marriage. Prime Minister Trudeau called the September 2021 federal election in the hopes of winning a majority government, though in the middle of the campaign O'Toole's Conservatives were tied with the Liberals, if not slightly ahead of the Liberals in the polls . During
1089-534: A margin of 96 percent to 4 percent in a national referendum conducted by postal ballot. On December 6, the PC Party held a series of regional conventions, at which delegates ratified the Agreement-in-Principle by a margin of 90% to 10%. On December 7, the new party was officially registered with Elections Canada . Senator John Lynch-Staunton , a PC, was named interim leader, pending the outcome of
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#17327720477101188-401: A plan for passenger rail services. In May 2021, the provincial government announced plans for Ontario Northland and Metrolinx to resume passenger operations between Toronto and northeastern Ontario with a 13-stop route to begin service by the mid-2020s. In November 2021, the decision was made to make the new terminus Timmins (previously Cochrane) due to its size and the fact that it serves as
1287-583: A railway on this route still desired, the new Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway was incorporated on 17 March 1902, by the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway Act of the Ontario parliament . The railway was to be a provincial Crown corporation overseen by the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway Commission. Construction on the railway started in 1903, and the settlement of Redwater in
1386-521: A regional transportation hub. A test run was conducted in March 2021, and again in November of 2021 where several northern Ontario mayors, MPPs, and local residents were taken from North Bay to Toronto's Union station. In December 2022, the provincial government announced that it would purchase 3 new train sets from Siemens Mobility Limited at a cost of $ 140 million. Each train set would consist of
1485-420: A relatively young party with a mixed political heritage and history, the federal Conservatives are often described as a " big tent " party in a similar manner to the federal Canadian Liberals by encompassing members and voters who hold a variety of philosophies, ideas and stances, albeit sitting within the centre-right to the right-wing of the political spectrum. Broadly, the party is defined as practicing
1584-626: A result, party members were undecided on whether he should continue as leader. On October 5, the Conservative caucus voted to adopt the provisions of the Reform Act , giving caucus the power to trigger a leadership review . O'Toole denied that it represented a threat to his leadership, insisting that the caucus was united as a team and that, as a supporter of the Act, he had encouraged his caucus to adopt all of its provisions. On January 31, 2022, Conservative Calgary Heritage MP Bob Benzen submitted
1683-521: A routing agreement in which ONR would transport CN's freight traffic between Noranda and either Hearst or North Bay. On April 14, 2010, there was news of a proposed Ontario Northland takeover of the controversial Ottawa Valley rail tracks. However, this development never came to fruition. On March 23, 2012, the Ontario government announced that it would begin to wind down the ONTC, citing increased costs to
1782-505: A say in National Parole Board decisions. The party also supports the creation of a cross-federal task force to tackle organized crime, human trafficking and threats to national security. Some Conservative MPs are in favour of the death penalty. The Conservative Party has both members and MPs who favour abortion rights and members who oppose them. In the past, more Conservative members have been against abortion. However,
1881-452: A stricter policy on illegal immigration by amending the " Safe Third Country Agreement " and the reintroduction of visa requirements for Mexico. The Conservative Party generally supports a tough law and order stance. Presently, the party argues for a national register for convicted child sexual offenders, stricter sentences against repeat offenders, ending early release for violent felons and believes that victims of violent crime should have
1980-422: Is "non-partisan, welcoming and well-managed" that encourages merit-based immigration and enticement of skilled workers to Canada to boost the economy whilst also taking a zero tolerance stance on illegal immigration and ensuring that immigrants speak English or French. The Conservatives also want to streamline the process of granting Canadian citizenship to foreign born children adopted by Canadian nationals, speed up
2079-476: Is a canoe car, which is in service in the summer as part of the Polar Bear Express passenger train. The car can hold up to 18 canoes. Canoeists can put canoes on this car as part of their baggage, although canoes are often stowed in boxcars. It is the only known train car specifically designed for transporting canoes and kayaks . In 1977, the railway purchased four RAm/DE train sets retired from
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#17327720477102178-475: Is a large freshwater lake on the provincial boundary between Ontario and Quebec , Canada. The lake, which forms part of the Ottawa River , is 110 km (68 mi) in length and covers an area of 304 km (117 sq mi). Its water level ranges between 175 m (574 ft) and 179 m (587 ft) above sea-level , with a mean annual average of 178.4 m (585 ft). The lake
2277-631: Is a social conservative; he is personally pro-life and opposes same-sex marriage, though like Harper, he stated he would not attempt to overturn the legality of both laws. The Conservative Party entered the October 2019 federal election campaign neck-in-neck with the Liberals after the SNC-Lavalin affair earlier that year involving Justin Trudeau, but the election resulted in a Liberal minority government victory. The Conservatives did, however, win
2376-579: Is dated to be 2.2 billion years old. There are known kimberlite pipes within the rift valley that are considered to be diamondiferous . Conservative Party of Canada The Conservative Party of Canada ( CPC ; French : Parti conservateur du Canada , PCC ), colloquially known as the Tories or simply the Conservatives , is a federal political party in Canada . It was formed in 2003 by
2475-580: Is in places up to 216 m (709 ft) deep. There are several islands on the lake, notably Mann and du Collège Islands. The name is from the Algonquin Temikami or Temikaming , meaning "deep body of water with rapid winds” There are 30 species of fish in Lake Timiskaming, the best known are northern pike , sturgeon , lake trout , walleye , smallmouth bass , bullhead , carp , burbot , perch , and whitefish . The lake
2574-603: The 1993 federal election , the PC Party's Western Canadian support transferred to the Reform Party. When it became clear that neither the PC Party nor the Reform Party or Canadian Alliance (the latter being the successor to the Reform Party) could beat the incumbent Liberals that had governed since the 1993 election, an effort to unite the right-of-centre parties emerged. In 2003, the Canadian Alliance and
2673-447: The 2003 Progressive Conservative Leadership convention , excluded any such merger. Orchard announced his opposition to the merger before negotiations with the Canadian Alliance had been completed. Over the course of the following year, Orchard led an unsuccessful legal challenge to the merger of the two parties. In October and November, during the course of the PC party's process of ratifying
2772-413: The 2015 federal election , after nearly a decade in power, the Conservatives were defeated by Justin Trudeau and his Liberal Party. Harper stepped down as leader on the election day on October 19. Journalist John Ibbitson of The Globe and Mail described Harper as "the most conservative leader Canada has ever known." Following the election of the Liberals and Harper's resignation as party leader in
2871-623: The Abitibi Canyon Generating Station was being built on the Abitibi River . Between 1928 and 1930 the railway was extended north at a slow pace. The pace of construction was quickened in 1930 as a make-work project due to the depression. The extension to James Bay was opened on July 15, 1932. The terminus of the railway was at the mouth of the Moose River near the old trading post of Revillon Frères . It
2970-671: The Bloc Québécois led to the calling of the October 2008 federal election , in which the Conservatives won a stronger minority. Shortly after, the Conservatives fought off a vote of non-confidence by a potential governing coalition of opposition parties by proroguing parliament . In his second term, Harper's government responded to the global recession of 2007–2008 by introducing the Economic Action Plan that implemented major personal income tax cuts. However, these tax cuts, along with increases in spending to combat
3069-589: The COVID-19 pandemic as a core priority for Canada. The party also supports abolishing the Carbon Tax. At the party's March 2021 policy convention, delegates voted to reject a proposal to expand the party's existing climate change policies to include a statement that climate change is real. The Conservative Party presently supports Canada's involvement in NATO and international trade agreements, including
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3168-507: The Constitution of Canada signed in 1982. This led to a huge landslide victory for the Progressive Conservative Party. In the late 1980s and 1990s, federal conservative politics became split by the creation of a new western-based protest party, the populist and social conservative Reform Party of Canada created by Preston Manning , the son of an Alberta Social Credit premier, Ernest Manning . Westerners reportedly felt betrayed by
3267-648: The Progressive Conservative Party after 1942. Like its historical predecessors and conservative parties in some other Commonwealth nations (such as the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom ), members of the present-day Conservative Party of Canada are sometimes referred to as "Tories". The modern Conservative Party of Canada is also legal heir to the heritage of the historical conservative parties by virtue of assuming
3366-519: The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario , and Mayor of Brampton Patrick Brown , former Conservative MP Leona Alleslev , former BC MLA and Conservative MP Marc Dalton , and former Huntsville mayor and Conservative MP Scott Aitchison announced their candidacies for the leadership. On May 2, 2022, the Party announced that the six verified candidates for the leadership would be Aitchison, Baber, Brown, Charest, Lewis, Poilievre. On July 6, 2022,
3465-708: The Quebec border to end at Rouyn-Noranda . The railway's branch from Swastika to Rouyn-Noranda, including 40 kilometres of track in Quebec, is operated by a subsidiary , the Nipissing Central Railway . Shorter spur lines also exist running west from Rock Junction to Sherman Mine , south-west from Porquis Junction to Kidd Creek Mine , about 22 km east of Timmins , north-east from Porquis to Iroquois Falls and south from Opaz Junction to Agrium mine site. Several other mining spurs opened and closed with
3564-595: The Québécois nation motion which would "recognize Quebec as a nation within a united Canada." Despite its social conservative past in the Canadian Alliance, the government did not attempt to reverse the same-sex marriage law implemented by the Martin government nor did it attempt to make changes to abortion laws . Deadlock between the Conservatives and the Liberals, the New Democratic Party , and
3663-531: The Trans Europ Express by the Dutch and Swiss railways , for use on its Northlander train. However, the experiment was not entirely successful. The locomotives were scrapped in 1984, although the passenger cars survived until the early 1990s. These surviving passenger cars were pulled by rebuilt Canadian locomotives ( EMD FP7 ). The rear end of the locomotives was altered to fit to original cars. With
3762-721: The long-gun registry , introduced mandatory minimum sentences for violent crimes, raised the age of consent to 16 years of age, permitted the construction of several pipelines , and withdrew Canada from the Kyoto Protocol . The government also supported the State of Israel , negotiated the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), and negotiated the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). Under its first leader, Stephen Harper ,
3861-657: The long-gun registry . In foreign policy, the government passed the Anti-terrorism Act , launched Operation Impact to combat ISIL , negotiated the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) with the European Union , and negotiated the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). The Conservatives also gained controversy surrounding the Canadian Senate expenses scandal and the Robocall scandal ;
3960-621: The senate to make it a fully elected chamber. While the party platform states it is open to debate over electoral reform, it also claims it will not support changing the current electoral system. The party calls for a "restoration of a constitutional balance between the federal and provincial and territorial governments" in regards to Canadian federalism. The Conservative Party also advocates offering tax incentives, increased business investment and more political autonomy to assist and integrate Indigenous Canadian communities over state affirmative action . Historically, Conservative MPs were divided on
4059-511: The timber resources of Northern Ontario . Its north–south mainline is located entirely in Ontario , starting at its southern terminus at North Bay , running northward through Cobalt , New Liskeard , Cochrane , and on to its northern terminus at Moosonee on the Moose River, about 19 km (12 mi) south of the shore of James Bay . There is one major branchline running eastward from Swastika through Kirkland Lake and over
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4158-770: The 2006 election. The government's first budget produced a nearly $ 14 billion surplus, a number slightly greater than the Martin government. The budget also drastically increased military spending and scrapped funding for the Kyoto Protocol and the Kelowna Accord . Later, the government introduced the tax-free savings account (TFSA). The government passed the Veterans' Bill of Rights , which guaranteed benefits for veterans from Veterans Affairs Canada , in addition to guaranteeing equality of veterans and referring to them as "special citizens". The government also passed
4257-494: The 2015 election, it was announced that an interim leader would be selected to serve until a new leader could be chosen. That was completed at the caucus meeting of November 5, 2015 where Rona Ambrose , MP for Sturgeon River—Parkland and a former cabinet minister, was elected by a vote of MPs and Senators. Some members of the party's national council were calling for a leadership convention as early as May 2016 according to Maclean's magazine. However, some other MPs wanted
4356-708: The Canadian locomotives, the control car / DVT lost their function. Many passenger cars used on ONR trains today are former single-level GO Transit cars that were extensively refurbished after being used for commuter service around Toronto. In 2004, Ontario Northland purchased ten passenger cars, including dome cars, from BC Rail and has used some of them on the Polar Bear Express service between Cochrane and Moosonee. Lake Timiskaming Ville-Marie, Quebec Ville-Marie, Quebec Lake Timiskaming or Lake Temiskaming ( French : Lac Témiscamingue )
4455-422: The Canadian model of conservatism and fiscal conservatism. Some political observers have noted the two most dominant wings of the party traditionally represented Red Tory and Blue Tory ideologies, whereas others have argued that the party has become less internally defined by these labels and that the terms tend to be used by outsiders. Other smaller but visible factional beliefs espoused by individuals within
4554-479: The Conservatives less time to consolidate their merger. During the first half of the campaign, polls showed a rise in support for the new party, leading some pollsters to predict the election of a minority Conservative government. Momentum stalled after several Conservative candidates made controversial remarks about homosexuality , official bilingualism and abortion , allowing the Liberal Party to warn of
4653-445: The Lake Timiskaming area. The railway reached Englehart in 1906 and Cochrane in 1909. In the next few years, several branch lines were built. In 1921, construction on a line north to James Bay was started. In 1923, the new Conservative premier of Ontario, Howard Ferguson , halted further construction, saying that it would be unprofitable. For four years the terminus of the line remained at Fraserdale , near Abitibi Canyon , where
4752-582: The Official Languages Act ensuring that English and French have equality of status in Canada. It also calls for the protection of Canada's history, culture and heritage. It also supports the re-establishment of the Office of Religious Freedom. The Conservative Party constitution also supports maintaining the constitutional Monarchy of Canada . The party has called for an immigration system that
4851-478: The Ontario Government announced that it would invest $ 75-million (CAD), into infrastructure and towards resuming service between Toronto and Timmins. Connections with other railway systems are made as follows: There are a series of regular runs including: The railway currently owns about 25 diesel locomotives and roughly 700 items of rolling stock . One of its more unusual pieces of rolling stock
4950-539: The PCs merged, forming the Conservative Party of Canada. During the Conservative Party's governance of Canada from 2006 to 2015, its economic policies included reducing sales tax , reducing income taxes , reducing business taxes, balancing the national budget , creating the tax-free savings account (TFSA), and creating the Universal Child Care Benefit . In social policy, the government eliminated
5049-490: The Party announced that Patrick Brown had been disqualified "due to 'serious allegations of wrongdoing' that 'appear' to violate Canadian election law." In response, Brown hired lawyer Marie Henein , who requested the Party's dispute resolution appeal committee be convened. On September 10, 2022, Pierre Poilievre won the leadership on the first ballot in a landslide, winning over 68% of the points. On September 12, Poilievre gave his first speech to his caucus as leader. As
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#17327720477105148-609: The Reform Party) and Progressive Conservative parties agreed to merge into the present-day Conservative Party. On October 15, 2003, after closed-door meetings were held by the Canadian Alliance and Progressive Conservative Party, Stephen Harper (then the leader of the Canadian Alliance) and Peter MacKay (then the leader of the Progressive Conservatives) announced the "'Conservative Party Agreement-in-Principle", thereby merging their parties to create
5247-598: The SNC-Lavalin affair and for his wearing of brownface and blackface ; the latter incident was made public during the election campaign. Scheer announced his pending resignation on December 12, 2019, after the CBC reported that the Conservative party had been paying part of his children's private school tuition. He remained party leader, until his successor was chosen in August 2020. A leadership election to replace Scheer
5346-488: The Senate. In March 2006, Nancy Ruth joined the new Conservative Party. In the immediate aftermath of the merger announcement, some Conservative activists hoped to recruit former Ontario premier Mike Harris for the leadership. Harris declined the invitation, as did New Brunswick premier Bernard Lord and Alberta premier Ralph Klein . Outgoing Progressive Conservative leader Peter MacKay also announced he would not seek
5445-459: The assets and liabilities of the former Progressive Conservative Party upon the merger of 2003. In 1984, the Progressive Conservative Party's electoral fortunes made a massive upturn under its new leader, Brian Mulroney , who mustered a large coalition of westerners irritated over the Liberal government's National Energy Program , suburban and small-town Ontarians, and Quebec nationalists who were angered over Quebec not having distinct status in
5544-412: The campaign, O'Toole stated he would balance the budget within the next 10 years and reversed his support for repealing the Liberal government's "assault-style" weapons ban . In a similar manner to the 2019 election, the Conservatives again won the popular vote but fell short of gaining the largest amount of seats, enabling the Liberal Party under Justin Trudeau to form another minority government. As
5643-522: The charter and used it as the basis for a new line running northwest from Parry Sound to Sudbury , with an additional line running from Parry Sound south to Toronto . The section running south to Toronto opened on November 6, 1906. The northern section was completed in 1908, although by this time it had been rechartered as part of the Canadian Northern Ontario Railway (CNOR). With the original plans having been dropped, and
5742-545: The company to purchase new coaches and refurbish rolling stock for the Polar Bear Express . This decision was supported by other members of Provincial Parliament after the auditor general's review cited that it would have cost the taxpayer $ 820 million instead of saving $ 265.9 million over three years had the divestment proceeded. In December 2020, the province released the draft transportation plan for Northern Ontario which recommended continuing to move forward on
5841-625: The divestment. They indicated that the ONR provides a fundamental link to many remote and rural communities and provides freight transport to many companies, including mining and forestry, allowing them to thrive. They indicate that the government maintained its funding to the GO Transit network in Southern Ontario and it is important to not forget about the important service the ONR provides to Northern Ontario residents. In February 2014,
5940-494: The dominant conservative party in Canada. The problem of the split on the right was accentuated by Canada's single member plurality electoral system, which resulted in numerous seats being won by the Liberal Party, even when the total number of votes cast for PC and Reform Party candidates was substantially in excess of the total number of votes cast for the Liberal candidate. In 2003, the Canadian Alliance (formerly
6039-480: The federal Progressive Conservative Party, seeing it as catering to Quebec and urban Ontario interests over theirs. In 1989, Reform made headlines in the political scene when its first member of Parliament (MP), Deborah Grey , was elected in a by-election in Alberta, which was a shock to the PCs, who had almost complete electoral dominance over the province for years. Another defining event for western conservatives
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#17327720477106138-459: The financial crisis, grew the deficit to $ 55.6 billion – Canada's largest federal deficit up to that time. A March 2011 non-confidence vote that found the Harper government to be in contempt of Parliament dissolved Parliament and triggered an election . In this election, the Conservatives won a majority government . The Harper government withdrew Canada from the Kyoto Protocol and repealed
6237-471: The first ballot with 56.2% of the vote; Stronach received 34.5%, and Clement received 9.4%. Two months after Harper's election as leader, Prime Minister Paul Martin called a general election for June 28, 2004 . For the first time since the 1993 election, a Liberal government would have to deal with an opposition party that was generally seen as being able to form government. The Liberals attempted to counter this with an early election call, as this would give
6336-524: The first month of the campaign by making a series of policy-per-day announcements, which included a Goods and Services Tax reduction and a child-care allowance. These announcements played to Harper's strengths as a policy wonk, as opposed to the 2004 election and summer 2005 where he tried to overcome the perception that he was cool and aloof. Though his party showed only modest movement in the polls, Harper's personal approval numbers, which had always trailed his party's significantly, began to rise. In addition,
6435-470: The following passenger services: In June 2007 the Polar Bear Express was expanded from a seasonal excursion service to a year-round passenger train, replacing the Little Bear mixed freight/passenger train, which had operated 3 days per week. The new train carries some equipment not commonly found on passenger trains, including chain cars (flat cars) for passenger vehicles and boxcars. In April 2022
6534-461: The government and stagnant ridership. ONR passenger train service between Toronto and Cochrane (the Northlander ) was withdrawn and replaced with an augmented bus service, and all of the corporation's assets were to be sold off. On August 16, the Ontario Government announced that Northlander train service would end on September 28, 2012, and Ontera will be sold off. Northern Ontario municipal leaders had continued to express their fears regarding
6633-452: The immigration policies of Justin Trudeau 's Liberal government and supports significantly restricting numbers of temporary residents and asylum seekers coming into Canada. Poilievre instead argues that immigration intake should be linked to housing supply and that the Conservatives will introduce a cap on the number of foreign workers and further border control and background screening measures of immigrants. The Conservatives also support
6732-474: The institutions of Parliament and Canada's democratic process, support for strong national defence, law and order, and Canada's history and traditions, and equal treatment for all Canadians. In recent years, the Conservative Party has repeatedly campaigned on the following policies: In its current platform, the Conservative Party states that its core objectives are to protect the lives and property of ordinary citizens, promote democratic accountability and reform
6831-407: The issue of same-sex marriage in Canada, with individuals in the party arguing for and against. During debates on Bill C-38 in 2004 which would redefine the legal definition of marriage in Canada, a majority of Conservative MPs voted against when then leader Stephen Harper allowed a free vote . Under Harper's premiership, the party proposed reopening the debate into same-sex marriage but following
6930-462: The largest share of the popular vote, and gained 26 seats. Notably, they won every single seat in Saskatchewan and all but one in Alberta . While the Conservative Party has historically been highly successful in Alberta and Saskatchewan, some point to a growing sense of Western alienation to explain the results. Following the election, Scheer faced criticism from within the party for failing to defeat Trudeau, who gained criticism for his handling of
7029-432: The latter involved robocalls and real-person calls that were designed to result in voter suppression in the 2011 election. In economic policy, the government launched Canada's Global Markets Action Plan to generate employment opportunities for Canadians by expanding Canadian businesses and investment in other countries, and balanced the budget in the 2014 federal budget , producing a minor deficit of $ 550 million. In
7128-682: The leadership, as did former Democratic Representative Caucus leader Chuck Strahl . Jim Prentice , who had been a candidate in the 2003 PC leadership contest , entered the Conservative leadership race in mid-December but dropped out in mid-January because of an inability to raise funds so soon after his earlier leadership bid. In the end, there were three candidates in the party's first leadership election : former Canadian Alliance leader Stephen Harper , former Magna International CEO Belinda Stronach , and former Ontario provincial PC Cabinet minister Tony Clement . Voting took place on March 20, 2004. A total of 97,397 ballots were cast. Harper won on
7227-547: The merger of the two main right-leaning parties, the Progressive Conservative Party (PC Party) and the Canadian Alliance , the latter being the successor of the Western Canadian –based Reform Party . The party sits at the centre-right to the right of the Canadian political spectrum , with their federal rival, the centre-left Liberal Party of Canada , positioned to their left . The Conservatives are defined as
7326-453: The merger, three sitting Progressive Conservative MPs — André Bachand , John Herron and former prime minister Joe Clark — announced they would not join the new Conservative Party caucus. In the months following the merger, Rick Borotsik , who had been elected as Manitoba's only PC, became openly critical of the new party's leadership, while former leadership candidate Scott Brison and former Alliance leadership candidate Keith Martin left
7425-682: The mines they served. Since 1993, the ONR operates a section of the National Transcontinental Railway running west from Cochrane to Calstock . The line was originally chartered as the Lake Nipissing And James Bay Railway in 1884. The original route ran roughly northward from Callander to Moose River on James Bay. However, in 1902, before construction started, the Canadian Northern Railway (CNoR) took over
7524-457: The municipality of Temagami began as a small request stop when the railway reached the area of the Lower and Upper Redwater Lakes. As it passed by Long Lake, near the 103 mile marker, the largest silver rush in Canada was sparked by workers looking for trees for railway ties. The town of Cobalt grew out of the fortunes of silver taken from the grounds . By 1905, it reached New Liskeard in
7623-461: The new Conservative Party of Canada. The parties reached a deal after several months of talks between two teams of emissaries, consisting of Don Mazankowski , Bill Davis and Loyola Hearn on behalf of the PCs, and Ray Speaker , Senator Gerry St. Germain and Scott Reid on behalf of the Alliance. On December 5, 2003, the agreement-in-principle was ratified by the membership of the Alliance by
7722-473: The new premier of Ontario, Kathleen Wynne , met with northern community leaders and the head of the company and union to discuss the future of the company. They decided the union and management would present a reconstruction plan to the government for consideration. In late February 2014 a report to restructure the ONTC was delivered to the Minister of Northern Development and Mines. The proposal detailed how
7821-449: The organization could be modernized both culturally and in job reductions through attrition. The report was well received by the minister who appreciated how management and labour come together to explore options for the corporation. In April 2014 the provincial government concluded the company would remain in public hands. However, Ontera (its telecommunication division) would be sold off to Bell Aliant . The government would reinvest in
7920-508: The party also received more newspaper endorsements than in 2004. On January 23, 2006, the Conservatives won 124 seats, compared to 103 for the Liberals. The results made the Conservatives the largest party in the 308-member House of Commons, enabling them to form a minority government . On February 6, 2006, Harper and his Cabinet were sworn in. The Conservative Party confronted the In and Out scandal , regarding improper election spending during
8019-517: The party governed with two minority governments after the federal elections of 2006 and 2008 . It then won a majority government in the 2011 federal election before being defeated in the 2015 federal election by a majority Liberal government led by Justin Trudeau . Despite winning a plurality of the vote in each election, the party remained in opposition after losing the 2019 and 2021 elections under its second and third leaders, Andrew Scheer and Erin O'Toole respectively. Pierre Poilievre
8118-408: The party have been described by media commentators as liberal conservative , social conservative , right-wing populist and libertarian conservative . In an effort to create a cohesive platform following its creation, the Conservative Party declared its founding core philosophies and principles to be fiscal accountability, upholding individual rights and freedom, belief in constitutional monarchy,
8217-413: The party including former leader Erin O'Toole called on the Canadian government to grant asylum to fleeing Hong Kong pro-democracy protesters facing extradition orders to China. The party also proposes eliminating birthright citizenship unless one of the parents of a child born in Canada has permanent residency or Canadian citizenship. Incumbent Conservative leader Pierre Poilievre has vocally criticized
8316-414: The party's inaugural leadership election. The merger process was opposed by some elements in both parties. In the PCs in particular, the merger process resulted in organized opposition, and in a substantial number of prominent members refusing to join the new party. Former leadership candidate David Orchard argued that his written agreement with Peter MacKay , which had been signed a few months earlier at
8415-698: The party's policy book states that the party "will not support any legislation to regulate abortion" while in government, and the party's current leader, Pierre Poilievre, has stated that "no laws or rules will be passed that restrict women's reproductive choices" if he becomes prime minister. The party states that it supports responsible gun ownership and will "not deprive Canadian Citizens of legally owned firearms" but also calls for cost-effective gun control programs including screening all individuals wishing to purchase firearms and increased enforcement against arms trafficking. The Conservative Party does not have any provincial wings. However, it often works closely with
8514-528: The party. Brison, Herron and Martin ran for the Liberal Party in the next election, while Clark, Bachand and Borotsik retired. Three senators — William Doody , Norman Atkins , and Lowell Murray — declined to join the new party and continued to sit in the upper house as a rump caucus of Progressive Conservatives, and a fourth ( Jean-Claude Rivest ) soon left to sit as an independent. In February 2005, Prime Minister Paul Martin appointed two anti-merger Progressive Conservatives, Nancy Ruth and Elaine McCoy , to
8613-467: The provinces more taxing powers and decision-making authority in joint federal-provincial programs. The party's law and order package was an effort to address rising homicide rates, which had gone up 12% in 2004. On November 24, 2005, Harper introduced a motion of no confidence which, with the backing of the other two opposition parties, passed on November 28, 2005. This resulted in an election scheduled for January 23, 2006 . The Conservatives started off
8712-675: The same initials. The Ontario railway often had boxcars misdirected in the United States , while receiving invoices that should have gone to Texas . The railway's name was changed to the Ontario Northland Railway on April 5, 1946, when a bill amending the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway Act received assent. Three new mines were opened in Northern Ontario in the 1960s. Sherman Mine in Temagami
8811-416: The validation of refugee claims and give help to persecuted religious and sexual minorities whilst ensuring those who do not meet refugee status are escorted out of the country. Some MPs within the party have proposed a Canadian values test for prospective immigrants and long-term visitors, although this has not been adopted as a policy as a whole. Following the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests , several members of
8910-427: The vote through 13 rounds. Bernier would leave the Conservatives in 2018 to form the People's Party of Canada , which campaigned on right-wing populist positions in subsequent elections but failed to win a seat. Under Scheer, the Conservatives prioritized repealing the Liberal government's carbon tax , pipeline construction, and balancing the budget within five years had they formed government in 2019. Scheer
9009-464: The vote to be delayed until the spring of 2017. On January 19, 2016, the party announced that a permanent leader will be chosen on May 27, 2017. On September 28, 2016, former Speaker of the House of Commons Andrew Scheer announced his bid for the leadership of the party . On May 27, 2017, Scheer was elected as the second permanent leader of the Conservative Party of Canada, beating runner-up MP Maxime Bernier and more than 12 others with 50.95% of
9108-526: Was elected interim leader the same day O'Toole was ousted, and a leadership election was subsequently scheduled for September 10, 2022. Conservative MP and former cabinet minister Pierre Poilievre , Conservative MP and former leadership candidate Leslyn Lewis , Independent (formerly Progressive Conservative) Member of Ontario Provincial Parliament Roman Baber , former leader of the now-defunct Progressive Conservative Party of Canada and former Premier of Quebec Jean Charest , former MP, former leader of
9207-552: Was elected leader in the 2022 leadership election . The Conservative Party is political heir to a series of right-of-centre parties that have existed in Canada, beginning with the Upper Canada Tories of the nineteenth century. John A. Macdonald and George-Étienne Cartier later founded the Liberal-Conservative Party . The party became known simply as the Conservative Party after 1873, and
9306-471: Was held in 2020, which was won by former Veterans Affairs Minister Erin O'Toole on August 24, 2020. Though running for the leadership on a "true blue" platform, O'Toole started to nudge the Conservative Party to the political centre as leader. Despite campaigning against the Liberal government's carbon tax during his leadership campaign, O'Toole reversed his position in April 2021, instead advocating for
9405-577: Was named Moosonee , from the Cree meaning "at the moose". A name change for the railway was first proposed in 1942 by Arthur Cavanagh , who was chairman of the commission between 1940 and 1944. He noted that it would have the advantage of associating the railway with the province, not just the District of Timiskaming . A name change would also avoid confusion with the Texas and New Orleans Railway , which had
9504-555: Was opened in 1968, Adams Mine in Kirkland Lake in 1963, and Kidd Creek Mine in Timmins in 1967. The Ontario Northland Railway built spurs to serve these mines. In 1993, CN applied to abandon sections of its underused former National Transcontinental Railway mainline across northern Ontario (it had previously abandoned the portion of the line between Calstock and Nakina in 1988). The portion between Calstock and Cochrane
9603-415: Was shaped during the last ice age when glaciers carved into the rock. It is also the remnants of a huge basin called Lake Ojibway , which existed about 9,500 years ago. For the trading post and some history see Fort Témiscamingue . One of Canada's greatest boating tragedies occurred when twelve boys and a staff member of Ted Byfield 's St John's School of Claremont died of drowning and hypothermia on
9702-479: Was sold to ONR. In December 2000, the Ontario government announced that it would be privatizing the railway. CN submitted a bid in March 2002, and in October the government gave it exclusive rights to negotiate a purchase of the railway. However, the deal fell through on July 2, 2003, over the government's insistence on job guarantees, and the railway remained in public hands. On February 25, 2005, CN and ONR signed
9801-428: Was when Mulroney accepted the results of an unofficial Senate election held in Alberta, which resulted in the appointment of a Reformer, Stanley Waters , to the Senate. In the 1993 election , support for the Progressive Conservative Party collapsed, and the party's representation in the House of Commons dropped from an absolute majority of seats to only two. Meanwhile, the Reform Party took Western Canada and became
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