Shamu was the stage name used for several performing orcas at SeaWorld .
75-592: Shamu show beginning in 1960s. The original Shamu died in 1971, but the name was trademarked by SeaWorld, and has been given to different orcas over the years. In March 2016, following the 2010 death of orca trainer Dawn Brancheau , and subsequent public backlash from the 2013 documentary Blackfish , SeaWorld announced they would be ending their orca breeding program, and phasing out their orca shows, instead opting to introduce "new, inspiring, natural orca encounters rather than theatrical shows…[focusing] on orca enrichment, exercise and overall health." In October 1965,
150-533: A white bikini , which became known as the " Dr. No bikini ". It became one of the most famous bikinis of all time and an iconic moment in cinematic and fashion history. Andress said that she owed her career to that white bikini, remarking, "This bikini made me into a success. As a result of starring in Dr. No as the first Bond girl , I was given the freedom to take my pick of future roles and to become financially independent." The bikini finally caught on, and in 1963,
225-539: A " facekini " to protect their face from sunburns . In most parts of the Middle East , bikinis are either banned or are highly controversial. On March 18, 1973, when Lebanese magazine Ash-Shabaka printed a bikini-clad woman on the cover, they had to make a second version with only the face of the model. In 2011, when Huda Naccache ( Miss Earth 2011) posed for the cover of Lilac (based in Israel ), she became
300-576: A "two-piece bathing suit which reveals everything about a girl except for her mother's maiden name." Fashion magazine Modern Girl Magazine in 1957 stated that "it is hardly necessary to waste words over the so-called bikini since it is inconceivable that any girl with tact and decency would ever wear such a thing". In 1951, Eric Morley organized the Festival Bikini Contest , a beauty contest and swimwear advertising opportunity at that year's Festival of Britain . The press, welcoming
375-521: A SeaWorld employee who was told to ride her as part of a filmed publicity event. Shamu refused to release the woman until other workers came to the rescue and pried the orca's jaws apart with a pole. The employee had been asked to ride Shamu while wearing a bikini , and had not known that the orca had previously attacked people who wore ordinary bathing suits and was only conditioned to perform with trainers wearing wetsuits . Shamu had also been showing signs of erratic behavior and of being upset just before
450-471: A bikini or "bikini brief", particularly if it has slimmer sides. Similarly, a variety of men's and women's underwear types are described as bikini underwear. The bikini has gradually gained wide acceptance in Western society . By the early 2000s, bikinis had become a US$ 811 million business annually, and boosted spin off services such as bikini waxing and sun tanning . While the two-piece swimsuit as
525-652: A bikini. Similarly, a variety of men's and women's underwear types are described as bikini underwear. According to archaeologist James Mellaart , a mural from the Chalcolithic era (around 5600 BC) in Çatalhöyük , Anatolia depicts a mother goddess astride two leopards wearing a costume somewhat like a bikini. The two-piece swimsuit can be traced back to the Greco-Roman world , where bikini-like garments worn by women athletes are depicted on urns and paintings dating back to 1400 BC. In Coronation of
600-480: A bra, and two front-and-back triangular pieces of fabric covering the mons pubis and the buttocks , respectively, connected by string. When he was unable to find a fashion model willing to showcase his revealing design, Réard hired Micheline Bernardini , an 18-year old nude dancer from the Casino de Paris . He announced that his swimsuit, was "smaller than the world's smallest bathing suit". Réard said that "like
675-544: A comeback during the 1980s and early 1990s. In 1997, Miss Maryland Jamie Fox became the first contestant in 50 years to compete in a two-piece swimsuit at the Miss America Pageant . Actresses in action films like Blue Crush (2002) and Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle (2003) made the two-piece "the millennial equivalent of the power suit ", according to Gina Bellafonte of The New York Times . According to Beth Dincuff Charleston, research associate at
750-515: A companion for the male orca Namu at Griffin's Seattle public aquarium. Her name means "Friend of Namu" (alternatively "She-Namu"). Shamu was successfully caught after her mother was killed with a harpoon . She was sold to SeaWorld in San Diego in December 1965. Shamu was retired from performing after an incident on April 19, 1971, in which she bit the legs and hips of Annette Eckis,
825-566: A design existed in classical antiquity , the modern design first attracted public notice in Paris on July 5, 1946. In May 1946, Parisian fashion designer Jacques Heim released a two-piece swimsuit design that he named the Atome ('Atom') and advertised as "the smallest swimsuit in the world". Like swimsuits of the era, it covered the wearer's belly button, and it failed to attract much attention. French automotive engineer Louis Réard introduced
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#1732783491730900-746: A design he named the "Bikini", adopting the name from the Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, which was the colonial name the Germans gave to the atoll, borrowed from the Marshallese name for the island, Pikinni . Four days earlier, the United States had initiated its first peacetime nuclear weapons test at Bikini Atoll as part of Operation Crossroads . Unlike the prior Trinity test , or most subsequent nuclear test series,
975-864: A famous incident in 1952, model Ann Ferguson was asked to leave a beach in Surfers Paradise because her Paula Stafford bikini was too revealing. The bikini was banned in Australia, on the French Atlantic coastline, in Spain, in Italy, and in Portugal, and was prohibited or discouraged in a number of US states. The United States Motion Picture Production Code , also known as the Hays Code, enforced from 1934, allowed two-piece gowns but prohibited
1050-606: A female juvenile orca was captured from the southern resident pod in Penn Cove , Puget Sound , Washington by Ted Griffin . After living at the Seattle aquarium for two months, she was sold to SeaWorld San Diego in California . She became the park's flagship performing orca until April 1971 when she attacked Anne Eckis, a SeaWorld employee who was told to ride her as part of a filmed publicity event, and refused to release
1125-437: A former model and author of The Bikini Book , "It didn't sag, it didn't bag, and it concealed and revealed. It wasn't so much like lingerie anymore." Increased reliance on stretch fabric led to simplified construction. This fabric allowed designers to create the string bikini , and allowed Rudi Gernreich to create the topless monokini. Alternative swimwear fabrics such as velvet , leather , and crocheted squares surfaced in
1200-553: A major component of marketing various women's sports . It is an official uniform for beach volleyball and is widely worn in athletics and other sports. Sports bikinis have gained popularity since the 1990s. However, the trend has raised significant criticism in recent years among people who view it as an attempt to sell sex. Female swimmers do not commonly wear bikinis in competitive swimming. The International Swimming Federation (FINA) voted to prohibit female swimmers from racing in bikinis in its meeting at Rome in 1960. In 1994,
1275-521: A photo shoot involving 3,090 women. " Beijing bikini " refers to the Chinese urban practice of men rolling up their shirts to expose their midriff to cool off in public in the summer. In Japan, wearing a bikini is common on the beach and at baths or pools. But, according to a 2013 study, 94% women are not body confident enough to wear a bikini in public without resorting to sarongs , zip-up sweatshirts , T-shirts, or shorts. Japanese women also often wear
1350-531: A skimpy garment. It was a state of mind. Lena Lenček Despite the garment's initial success in France, women worldwide continued to wear traditional one-piece swimsuits. When his sales stalled, Réard went back to designing and selling orthodox knickers. In 1950, American swimsuit mogul Fred Cole, owner of mass market swimwear firm Cole of California, told Time that he had "little but scorn for France's famed Bikinis." Réard himself would later describe it as
1425-409: A two-piece swimsuit design in Paris that he called the atome , after the smallest known particle of matter. He announced that it was the "world's smallest bathing suit." Although briefer than the two-piece swimsuits of the 1930s, the bottom of Heim's new two-piece beach costume still covered the wearer's navel. Soon after, Louis Réard created a competing two-piece swimsuit design, which he called
1500-538: A young girl who is too shy to wear her new bikini on the beach, thinking it too risqué. Playboy first featured a bikini on its cover in 1962; the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue debut two years later featured Babette March in a white bikini on the cover. This has been credited with making the bikini a legitimate piece of clothing. Ursula Andress , appearing as Honey Ryder in the 1962 British James Bond film, Dr. No , wore
1575-515: Is Ulises. Amaya died on August 19, 2021. Shamu Shamu / ʃ æ m uː / (unknown – August 16, 1971) was a female orca captured in October 1965 from a southern resident pod. She was sold to SeaWorld San Diego and became a star attraction. Shamu was the fourth orca ever captured, and the second female. She died in August 1971, after about six years of captivity . After her death,
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#17327834917301650-531: The 2000 Summer Olympics amid some criticism. It was the fifth largest television audience of all the sports at the 2000 Games. Much of the interest was because of the sex appeal of bikini-clad players along with their athletic ability. Bikini-clad dancers and cheerleaders entertain the audience during match breaks in many beach volleyball tournaments, including the Olympics. Even indoor volleyball costumes followed suit to become smaller and tighter. However,
1725-611: The Oxford University Press (OUP) in 2003, considers lexicographic inventions like bandeaukini and camkini, two variants of the tankini, important to observe. Although "bikini" was originally a registered trademark of Réard, it has since become genericized . Variations of the term are used to describe stylistic variations for promotional purposes and industry classifications, including monokini, microkini , tankini , trikini , pubikini , bandeaukini and skirtini . A man's brief swimsuit may also be referred to as
1800-570: The Rio Carnival , Brazil in a golden bikini, starting the bikini tradition of the carnival. In Europe, 17-year-old Brigitte Bardot wore scanty bikinis (by contemporary standards) in the French film Manina, la fille sans voiles ("Manina, the girl unveiled"). The promotion for the film, released in France in March 1953, drew more attention to Bardot's bikinis than to the film itself. By the time
1875-536: The bikini . He noticed that women at the beach rolled up the edges of their swimsuit bottoms and tops to improve their tan. On 5 July, Réard introduced his design at a swimsuit review held at a popular Paris public pool, Piscine Molitor , four days after the first test of a US nuclear weapon at the Bikini Atoll . The newspapers were full of news about it and Réard hoped for the same with his design. Réard's bikini undercut Heim's atome in its brevity. His design consisted of two side-by-side triangles of fabric forming
1950-485: The tankini and trikini further cemented this derivation. Over time the " –kini family" (as dubbed by author William Safire ), including the " –ini sisters" (as dubbed by designer Anne Cole ), expanded into a variety of swimwear including the monokini (also known as a numokini or unikini), seekini, tankini , camikini, hikini (also hipkini), minikini, face-kini , burkini , and microkini . The Language Report , compiled by lexicographer Susie Dent and published by
2025-619: The " Bikini Girls ". Other Roman archaeological finds depict the goddess Venus in a similar garment. In Pompeii , depictions of Venus wearing a bikini were discovered in the Casa della Venere, in the tablinum of the House of Julia Felix , and in an atrium garden of Via Dell'Abbondanza . Swimming or bathing outdoors was discouraged in the Christian West , so there was little demand or need for swimming or bathing costumes until
2100-533: The 18th century. The bathing gown of the 18th century was a loose ankle-length full-sleeve chemise -type gown made of wool or flannel that retained coverage and modesty. In 1907, Australian swimmer and performer Annette Kellermann was arrested on a Boston beach for wearing form-fitting sleeveless one-piece knitted swimming tights that covered her from neck to toe, a costume she adopted from England, although it became accepted swimsuit attire for women in parts of Europe by 1910. In 1913, designer Carl Jantzen made
2175-420: The 1950s, Hollywood stars such as Ava Gardner , Rita Hayworth , Lana Turner , Elizabeth Taylor , Tina Louise , Marilyn Monroe , Esther Williams , and Betty Grable took advantage of the risqué publicity associated with the bikini by posing for photographs wearing them— pin-ups of Hayworth and Williams in costume were especially widely distributed in the United States. In 1950, Elvira Pagã walked at
2250-627: The Costume Institute of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, "The bikini represents a social leap involving body consciousness, moral concerns, and sexual attitudes." By the early 2000s, bikinis had become a $ 811 million business annually, according to the NPD Group , a consumer and retail information company, and had boosted spin-off services like bikini waxing and the sun tanning industries. The first bikini museum in
2325-469: The FIVB's mandating of the bikini ran into problems. Some sports officials consider it exploitative and impractical in colder weather. It also drew the ire of some athletes. At the 2006 Asian Games at Doha, Qatar, only one Muslim country – Iraq – fielded a team in the beach volleyball competition because of concerns that the uniform was inappropriate. They refused to wear bikinis. The weather during
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2400-514: The United States War Production Board issued Regulation L-85, cutting the use of natural fibers in clothing and mandating a 10% reduction in the amount of fabric in women's beachwear. To comply with the regulations, swimsuit manufacturers removed skirt panels and other attachments, while increasing production of the two-piece swimsuit with bare midriffs. At the same time, demand for all swimwear declined as there
2475-423: The United States allowed both international observers and the global press to observe Crossroads, creating an intense international interest in the new weapon and its testing. Réard never explained why he chose the name "Bikini" for the swimsuit. Various motivations have been attributed to his choosing of the name, including the idea that he hoped it would create "explosive commercial and cultural reaction" similar to
2550-646: The Winner, a mosaic in the floor of a Roman villa in Sicily that dates from the Diocletian period (286–305 AD), young women participate in weightlifting, discus throwing, and running ball games dressed in bikini-like garments (technically bandeaukinis in modern lexicon). The mosaic, found in the Sicilian Villa Romana del Casale , features ten maidens who have been anachronistically dubbed
2625-430: The [atom] bomb, the bikini is small and devastating". Fashion writer Diana Vreeland described the bikini as the "atom bomb of fashion". Bernardini received 50,000 fan letters, many of them from men. Photographs of Bernardini and articles about the event were widely carried by the press. The International Herald Tribune alone ran nine stories on the event. French newspaper Le Figaro wrote, "People were craving
2700-399: The adolescent boutique fashions of the 1960s, allowing those to be minimal. DuPont introduced lycra (DuPont's name for spandex ) in the same decade. Spandex expanded the range of novelty fabrics available to designers which meant suits could be made to fit like a second skin without heavy linings. "The advent of Lycra allowed more women to wear a bikini," wrote Kelly Killoren Bensimon ,
2775-403: The beach and initially sold more swimsuits, it was Réard's description of the two-piece swimsuit as a bikini that stuck. As competing designs emerged, he declared in advertisements that a swimsuit could not be a genuine bikini "unless it could be pulled through a wedding ring." Modern bikinis were first made of cotton and jersey . As subsequent history would show, the bikini was more than
2850-409: The beachwear capital of the world, with Bardot identified as the original Cannes bathing beauty. Bardot's photography helped to enhance the public profile of the festival, and Cannes in turn played a crucial role in her career. Brian Hyland 's novelty-song hit " Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini " became a Billboard No. 1 hit during the summer of 1960: the song tells a story about
2925-510: The bikini became the official uniform of women's Olympic beach volleyball . In 1999, the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) standardized beach volleyball uniforms, with the bikini becoming the required uniform for women. That regulation bottom is called a "bun-hugger", and players names are often written on the back of the bottom. The uniform made its Olympic debut at Bondi Beach , Sydney during
3000-637: The bikini from public swimming pools until the 1970s, and some communist groups condemned the bikini as a "capitalist decadence". The bikini also faced criticism from some feminists, who reviled it as a garment designed to suit men's tastes, and not those of women. Despite this backlash, however, the bikini still sold well throughout the mid to late 20th century. The bikini gained increased exposure and acceptance as film stars like Brigitte Bardot , Raquel Welch , and Ursula Andress wore it and were photographed on public beaches and seen in film. The minimalist bikini design became common in most Western countries by
3075-413: The bikini was explicitly banned from many other beauty pageants worldwide. Although some regarded the bikini and beauty contests as bringing freedom to women, they were opposed by some feminists as well as religious and cultural groups who objected to the degree of exposure of the female body. Paula Stafford was an Australian fashion designer credited with introducing the bikini to Australia; in
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3150-593: The body through the 1930s, with shoulder straps that could be lowered for tanning. Women's swimwear of the 1930s and 1940s incorporated increasing degrees of midriff exposure . The 1932 Hollywood film Three on a Match featured a midriff-baring two-piece bathing suit. Actress Dolores del Río was the first major star to wear a two-piece women's bathing suit onscreen in Flying Down to Rio (1933). Teen magazines of late 1940s and 1950s featured similar designs of midriff-baring suits and tops. However, midriff fashion
3225-520: The contamination done by especially later US thermonuclear tests at Bikini and other Marshallese atolls. By making an analogy with words like bilingual and bilateral containing the Latin prefix " bi- " (meaning "two" in Latin), the word bikini was first back-derived as consisting of two parts, [ bi + kini ] by Rudi Gernreich , who introduced the monokini in 1964. Later swimsuit designs like
3300-514: The display of navels in Hollywood films. The National Legion of Decency , a Roman Catholic body overseeing American media content, also pressured Hollywood and foreign film producers to keep bikinis from being featured in Hollywood movies. As late as 1959 one of the United States' largest swimsuit designers, Anne Cole of the Anne Cole brand, said, "It's nothing more than a G-string. It's at
3375-455: The early '70s. Réard's company folded in 1988, four years after his death. Meanwhile, the bikini had become the most popular beachwear around the globe. According to French fashion historian Olivier Saillard, this was due to "the power of women, and not the power of fashion". By 1988 the bikini made up nearly 20% of swimsuit sales, more than any other model in the US, though one-piece suits made
3450-466: The explosion at Bikini Atoll, that it was meant to be associated with the "exotic allure of the tropical Pacific", from the "comparison of the effects of a scantily clad woman to the atomic bomb," and the idea that Reard's design had out-done Heim's design and "split the atome ". Réard's advertising slogan was that the Bikini was "smaller than the smallest bathing suit in the world." The swimsuit's name
3525-407: The fabrics and other materials used to make bikinis are an essential element of their design. Modern bikinis were first made of cotton and jersey, but in the 1960s, Lycra became the common material. Alternative swimwear fabrics such as velvet, leather, and crocheted squares surfaced in the early 1970s. In a single fashion show in 1985, there were two-piece suits with cropped tank tops instead of
3600-596: The film was released in the United States in 1958, it was re-titled Manina, the Girl in the Bikini . Bardot was also photographed wearing a bikini on the beach during the 1957 Cannes Film Festival . Working with her husband and agent Roger Vadim , she garnered significant attention with photographs of her wearing a bikini on every beach in the south of France. Similar photographs were taken of Anita Ekberg and Sophia Loren , among others. According to The Guardian , Bardot's photographs in particular turned Saint-Tropez into
3675-658: The first Indian actress to wear a bikini on film. She also posed in a bikini for the glossy Filmfare magazine. The costume shocked a conservative Indian audience, but it also set in motion a trend carried forward by Zeenat Aman in Heera Panna (1973) and Qurbani (1980), Dimple Kapadia in Bobby (1973), and Parveen Babi in Yeh Nazdeekiyan (1982). Indonesian actress Nurnaningsih 's bikini clad photos were widely distributed in early 1950s, though she
3750-437: The first bikini-clad Arab model on the cover of an Arabic magazine. Lebanese-Australian fashion designer Aheda Zanetti created the " burkini " as a modest option to the bikini, which has become very popular among Muslims. Rehab Shaaban, an Egyptian designer, tried an even more abaya -like design, but her design was banned due to safety reasons. While the name "bikini" was at first applied only to beachwear that revealed
3825-432: The first functional two-piece swimwear. Inspired by the introduction of females into Olympic swimming he designed a close-fitting costume with shorts for the bottom and short sleeves for the top. During the 1920s and 1930s, people began to shift from "taking in the water" to "taking in the sun", at bathhouses and spas, and swimsuit designs shifted from functional considerations to incorporate more decorative features. Rayon
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#17327834917303900-417: The incident. Shamu died about four months later, on August 16, 1971. Bikini A bikini is a two-piece swimsuit primarily worn by women that features one piece on top that covers the breasts , and a second piece on the bottom: the front covering the pelvis but usually exposing the navel , and the back generally covering the intergluteal cleft and some or all of the buttocks . The size of
3975-442: The mid-1960s as both swimwear and underwear . By the late 20th century, it was widely used as sportswear in beach volleyball and bodybuilding . There are a number of modern stylistic variations of the design used for marketing purposes and as industry classifications, including monokini , microkini , tankini , trikini , pubikini , skirtini , thong , and g-string . A man's single piece brief swimsuit may also be called
4050-549: The movie Beach Party , starring Annette Funicello and Frankie Avalon , led a wave of films that made the bikini a pop-culture symbol, though Funicello was barred from wearing Réard's bikini unlike the other young females in the films. In 1965, a woman told Time that it was "almost square" not to wear a bikini; the magazine wrote two years later that "65% of the young set had already gone over". Raquel Welch 's fur bikini in One Million Years B.C. (1966) gave
4125-530: The name Shamu continued to be used in SeaWorld "Shamu" shows for different orcas in different SeaWorld parks. Shamu was the first-known intentional live capture of a healthy orca as the three previous captures ( Wanda , Moby Doll and Namu ) had been unintentional and opportunistic. The very young, 14-foot (4.3 m), 2,000-pound (910 kg) southern resident orca was captured by Ted Griffin off Penn Cove , Puget Sound , Washington in October 1965 to be
4200-415: The others all died within two months of their births. Kalina died on October 4, 2010. The stage name "Grandbaby Shamu" was given to Kalina's first calf, which was born on February 2, 1993 – a male named Keet. The first "Great Grandbaby Shamu" was Keet's first calf, born on December 21, 2004 – a female named Kalia. Kalia gave birth to the first "Great Great Grandbaby Shamu" Amaya, on December 2, 2014. The father
4275-530: The razor's edge of decency." The Hays Code was abandoned by the mid-1960s, and with it the prohibition of female navel exposure, as well as other restrictions. The influence of the National Legion of Decency also waned by the 1960s. Increasingly common glamour shots of popular actresses and models on either side of the Atlantic played a large part in bringing the bikini into the mainstream. During
4350-402: The simple pleasures of the sea and the sun. For women, wearing a bikini signaled a kind of second liberation. There was really nothing sexual about this. It was instead a celebration of freedom and a return to the joys in life." Heim's atome was more in keeping with the sense of propriety of the 1940s, but Réard's design won the public's attention. Although Heim's design was the first worn on
4425-408: The spectacle, referred to it as Miss World , a name Morley registered as a trademark. The winner was Kiki Håkansson of Sweden, who was crowned in a bikini. After the crowning, Håkansson was condemned by Pope Pius XII , while Spain and Ireland threatened to withdraw from the pageant. In 1952, bikinis were banned from the pageant and replaced by evening gowns . As a result of the controversy,
4500-492: The stadium. SeaWorld Orlando & SeaWorld San Antonio present "Shamu Christmas Miracles" during "SeaWorld's Christmas Celebration", a yearly holiday event. SeaWorld San Diego presented "Shamu's Christmas" from the 2014–2016 season, when "Shamu Christmas Miracles" débuted at the park. The first "Baby Shamu" was named Kalina. She was the first surviving orca born in captivity on September 26, 1985. Ten orca calves had been born in captivity before 1985, but five were stillborn and
4575-509: The top and bottom can vary, from bikinis that offer full coverage of the breasts, pelvis, and buttocks, to more revealing designs with a thong or G-string bottom that covers only the mons pubis , but exposes the buttocks, and a top that covers only the areolae . Bikini bottoms covering about half the buttocks may be described as "Brazilian-cut". The modern bikini swimsuit was introduced by French clothing designer Louis Réard in July 1946, and
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#17327834917304650-415: The usual skimpy bandeaux, suits that resembled bikinis from the front and one-pieces from the back, suspender straps , ruffles , and deep navel-baring cutouts. Metal and stone jewelry pieces are now often used to dress up look and style according to tastes. To meet the fast pace of demands, some manufacturers now offer made-to-order bikinis ready in as few as seven minutes. The world's most expensive bikini
4725-421: The wearer's navel, today the fashion industry considers any two-piece swimsuit a bikini. Modern bikini fashions are characterized by a simple, brief design: two triangles of fabric that form a bra and cover the woman's breasts and a third that forms a panty cut below the navel that covers the groin and the intergluteal cleft . Bikinis can and have been made out of almost every possible clothing material, and
4800-502: The winter, the honeymoon season. For more coverage, designers Shivan Bhatiya and Narresh Kukreja invented the bikini- saree popularised by TV anchor Mandira Bedi . By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the Chinese bikini industry became a serious international threat for the Brazilian bikini industry. Huludao , Liaoning , China set the world record for the largest bikini parade in 2012, with 1,085 participants and
4875-458: The woman until other workers came to the rescue. Shamu died four months later. Shamu shows have been presented at the following SeaWorld parks: The orca presentations have been held in SeaWorld's Orca Stadium(s), which each seat 5,500, and all of the shows have involved a part where one or more whales splash the audience. The San Diego show has usually ended with a hangglider landing at or near
4950-538: The world is being built in Bad Rappenau in Germany. The development of swimwear from 1880 to the present is presented on 2,000 square metres of exhibition space. By 2017, the global swimwear market was valued at US$ 18,5 billion with a compound annual growth rate of 6.2%. Part of the increased consumption of bikinis and swimwears can be attributed to influencers who promote and endorse various brands around
5025-461: The world the most iconic bikini shot of all time and the poster image became an iconic moment in cinema history. Her deer skin bikini in One Million Years B.C. , advertised as "mankind's first bikini", (1966) was later described as a "definitive look of the 1960s". Her role wearing the leather bikini made Welch a fashion icon and the photo of her in the bikini became a best-selling pinup poster. Stretch nylon bikini briefs and bras complemented
5100-505: The year. Soccer player and best selling author Mo Isom describes it as, "We're flooded with Instagram bikini pics." It was estimated in 2016 that in 2019 the USA would be the largest swimwear market (US$ 10 billion), followed by Europe (US$ 5 billion), Asia–Pacific (US$ 4 billion) and Middle East and Africa (about 1 billion). The 1967 Bollywood film An Evening in Paris is mostly remembered because it featured actress Sharmila Tagore as
5175-651: Was banned in Kalimantan . Indian women generally wear bikinis when they vacation abroad or in Goa without the family. But, despite the conservative ideas prevalent in India, bikinis also become more popular in summer when women, from Bollywood stars to the middle class, take up swimming, often in a public space. A lot of tankinis , shorts and single-piece swimsuits are sold in the summer, along with real bikinis and bandeaukinis . The maximum sales for bikinis happen in
5250-653: Was designed in February 2006 by Susan Rosen; containing 150 carats (30 g) of diamond, it was valued at £20 million. There is a range of distinct bikini styles available — string/tie-side bikinis , monokinis (topless or top and bottom connected), trikinis (three pieces instead of two), tankinis ( tank top , bikini bottom), camikinis ( camisole top , bikini bottom), bandeaukinis ( bandeau top, bikini bottom), skirtinis (bikini top, skirt bottom), microkinis, sling bikinis (or suspender bikinis), thong and g-string bikinis, and teardrop bikinis. Bikinis have become
5325-459: Was named after the Bikini Atoll , where the first public test of a nuclear bomb had taken place four days before. Due to its revealing design, the bikini was once considered controversial, facing opposition from a number of groups and being accepted only very slowly by the general public. In many countries, the design was banned from beaches and other public places: in 1949, France banned the bikini from being worn on its coastlines; Germany banned
5400-544: Was not much interest in going to the beach, especially in Europe. In the summer of 1946, Western Europeans enjoyed their first war-free summer in many years. French designers sought to deliver fashions that matched the liberated mood of the people. Fabric was still in short supply, and in an endeavor to resurrect swimwear sales, two French designers – Jacques Heim and Louis Réard – almost simultaneously launched new two-piece swimsuit designs in 1946. Heim launched
5475-405: Was stated as only for beaches and informal events and considered indecent to be worn in public. Hollywood endorsed the new glamor in films like 1949's Neptune's Daughter in which Esther Williams wore provocatively named costumes such as "Double Entendre" and "Honey Child". Wartime production during World War II required vast amounts of cotton, silk, nylon, wool, leather, and rubber. In 1942,
5550-423: Was typically capitalized for several years after its coining. It has been frequently cited as a major example of a "psychological link between atomic destruction and sexuality" in popular culture, which includes the stenciling of Rita Hayworth onto one of the bombs detonated at Crossroads, and its persistence in language has been argued as having "trivialized and downplayed the reality of nuclear testing," given
5625-402: Was used in the 1920s in the manufacture of tight-fitting swimsuits, but durability issues, especially when wet, proved problematic. Jersey and silk were also sometimes used. By the 1930s, manufacturers had lowered necklines in the back, removed sleeves, and tightened the sides. With the development of new clothing materials, particularly latex and nylon , swimsuits gradually began hugging
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