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110-500: The only song released by the duo under the One World Orchestra moniker, the song is a drum and bass -styled cover version of the theme music from The Magnificent Seven , with vocal contributions from the counter-culturist DJ Fleka of Serbian radio station B92 , who agreed to participate after Drummond and Cauty's original idea of Robbie Williams was unavailable. Despite the duo's dislike of "The Magnificent", it

220-408: A "rising zoomer affinity" for the genre in the 2020s. Purple Sneakers described a "drum n' bass Renaissance" occurring at the time of the publication of their articles in 2023. Drum and bass incorporates a number of scenes and styles, from the highly electronic, industrial sounds of techstep to the use of conventional, acoustic instrumentation that characterise the more jazz-influenced end of

330-457: A banknote of hyper-inflated Serbian currency. During their stay in Belgrade the duo were guests for the duration of Fleka's three-hour late-night B92 show. Fleka aired " K Cera Cera ", in comparison to which, Drummond felt, "["The Magnificent"] sounded pathetic. We had let the [Bosnian] children down". Nevertheless, the One World Orchestra song was donated to B92 for use as a jingle . At

440-651: A breakfast show did not come naturally to them. They were replaced by Zoe Ball and Kevin Greening eight months later in October 1997; Greening soon moved on, leaving Ball as sole presenter. The reinvention of the station happened at a fortuitous time, with the rise of Britpop in the mid-1990s – bands like Oasis , Blur and Pulp were popular and credible at the time, and the station's popularity rose with them. Documentaries like John Peel's Lost in Music , which looked at

550-591: A charity record for kids in Bosnia. … Nothing justifies the track—it was a pile of shit but it did serve as a reminder why we should never go back in the studio again—'cos we knew we were past it …. Irrespective of the duo's regrets, "The Magnificent" was, by 1996, not just a jingle of B92 but the station's signature tune . From this use, the song ultimately became recognised as a protest anthem of Serbia's discontented anti-Milošević resistance . Recalling events in his book 45 , Drummond mused that "a track we recorded in

660-542: A citizen within Milošević's regime. Select magazine called "The Magnificent" a "comic-epic cover". The Scotsman retrospectively extolled One World Orchestra's "wilfully provocative" offering as the "best of all" contributions to "one of the best compilations of the 1990s". In 2002, the Glasgow Herald contrasted the career of Drummond with that of One World Orchestra's desired collaborator Robbie Williams: "In

770-498: A club music genre from Detroit, contains synth and basslines similar to drum and bass. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. These are mainly run by DJ-producers, such as London Elektricity 's Hospital Records , Andy C and Scott Bourne's RAM , Goldie 's Metalheadz , Fabio and Sarah Sandy's Creative Source Records, DJ Dextrous 's King of the Jungle Records, Subversive Recordings and State of

880-641: A computer, a variety of tracks for personal listening. Additionally, there are many albums containing unmixed tracks, suited for home or car listening. Although this practice has declined in popularity, DJs are often accompanied by one or more MCs , drawing on the genre's roots in hip hop and reggae / ragga . MCs do not generally receive the same level of recognition as producer/DJs, and some events are specifically marketed as being MC-free. There are relatively few well-known drum and bass MCs, mainly based in London and Bristol, including Stevie Hyper D (deceased),

990-495: A controversial and youth-orientated movement by bringing in club DJ Pete Tong amongst others. There had been a dance music programme on Radio 1 since 1987 and Pete Tong (now the current longest-serving DJ at the station) was the second DJ to present an all dance music show. This quickly gave birth to the Essential Mix where underground DJs mix electronic and club based music in a two-hour slot. Dance and urban music has been

1100-618: A countdown by the Controller of Radios 1 and 2, Robin Scott , and a jingle, recorded at PAMS in Dallas , Texas, beginning "The voice of Radio 1" – were: And, good morning everyone. Welcome to the exciting new sound of Radio 1. This was the first use of US-style jingles on BBC radio, but the style was familiar to listeners who were acquainted with Blackburn and other DJs from their days on pirate radio. The reason jingles from PAMS were used

1210-524: A day, never released as a single, thought was crap and had forgotten about has taken on a meaning, an importance in a 'far off land' for a struggle I hardly understand." "The Magnificent" is a short composition, in keeping with the requirements of The Help Album ' s producers. According to the album's originator, Tony Crean, "We had trouble fitting all the tracks on—I had to tell the artists not to make their tracks longer than 3 minutes 45. ... [W]hen Bill Drummond told me The KLF (One World Orchestra) track

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1320-439: A drum and bass-influenced breakbeat track. Many mixing points begin or end with a " drop ". The drop is the point in a track where a switch of rhythm or bassline occurs and usually follows a recognisable build section and breakdown . Sometimes, the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point. Some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats,

1430-511: A drum solo that has since become known as the " Amen break ", which, after being extensively used in early hip hop music, went on to become the basis for the rhythms used in drum and bass. Kevin Saunderson released a series of bass-heavy, minimal techno cuts as Reese/The Reese Project in the late '80s, which were hugely influential in drum and bass. One of his more famous basslines (Reese – "Just Want Another Chance", Incognito Records, 1988)

1540-441: A gaggle of others, some transferred from pirate stations, such as Keith Skues , Ed Stewart , Mike Raven , David Ryder , Jim Fisher , Jimmy Young , Dave Cash , Kenny Everett , Simon Dee , Terry Wogan , Duncan Johnson , Doug Crawford , Tommy Vance , Chris Denning , and Emperor Rosko . Many of the most popular pirate radio voices, such as Simon Dee, had only a one-hour slot per week ("Midday Spin"). I want to slag off all

1650-412: A hard-hitting emotional impact, with the drums complementing the bass to deliver a pulsating, powerful experience. Consequently, drum and bass parties are often advertised as featuring uncommonly loud and bass-heavy sound systems. There are however many albums specifically designed for personal listening. The DJ mix is a particularly popular form of release, with a popular DJ or producer mixing live, or on

1760-400: A high-tempo 4/4 dance track could be classified as techno or gabber . The complex syncopation of the drum tracks' breakbeat is another facet of production on which producers can spend a very large amount of time. The Amen break is generally acknowledged to have been the most-used (and often considered the most powerful) break in drum and bass. The genre places great importance on

1870-459: A liquidator. This left many labels short on sales, as Nu Urban were one of the main distributors for the vinyl market in the drum and bass scene. Despite its roots in the UK, which is still treated as the "home" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and

1980-532: A long-standing drum and bass show on Radio 1. Radio 1 also had the One in the Jungle show. The BBC's Black music station BBC Radio 1Xtra used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29 August 2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates. The network also organises a week-long tour of the UK each year called Xtra Bass . London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in

2090-408: A million quid. [W]e were attracted to the idea that on one side we were doing this track for the kids, to raise a million, while we were actually on the 'other side' showing the film of us actually burning a million and asking if it were a crime against humanity. For some twisted reason we felt that was good. … [W]e phoned up [B92] and asked [Fleka] if he'd got anything he'd like to say to the world via

2200-465: A more difficult exercise. Some drops are so popular that the DJ will "rewind" or "reload" or "lift up" the record by spinning it back and restarting it at the build. The drop is often a key point from the point of view of the dance floor, since the drum breaks often fade out to leave an ambient intro playing. When the beats re-commence they are often more complex and accompanied by a heavier bassline, encouraging

2310-533: A network of transmitters which had carried the Light Programme. Most were of comparatively low power, at less than 50 kilowatts, leading to patchy coverage of the country. The first disc jockey to broadcast on the new station was Tony Blackburn , who had previously been on Radio Caroline and Radio London , and presented what became known as the Radio 1 Breakfast Show . The first words on Radio 1 – after

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2420-490: A new programme, The Friday Rock Show . and on 23 November Radio 1 moved from 247m (1214 kHz) to 275 & 285m (1053 & 1089 kHz) medium wave as part of a plan to improve national AM reception, and to conform with the Geneva Frequency Plan of 1975 . Annie Nightingale , whose first Radio 1 programme aired on 5 October 1969, was Britain's first national female DJ (the earliest record presenter

2530-468: A new weekend breakfast show. In 1985, Radio 1 relocated from its studios in Broadcasting House to Egton House . In March 1985, Ranking Miss P became the first black female DJ on the station, hosting a reggae programme. In July, Andy Kershaw also joined the station. Simon Mayo joined the station in 1986, while Smith re-joined to replace Read on the breakfast show. In response to

2640-567: A permanent feature on Radio 1 since with club DJs such as Judge Jules , Danny Rampling , Trevor Nelson , and the Dreem Teem all moving from London's Kiss 100 to the station. Listening numbers continued to decline. The breakfast show and the UK Top 40 continued to struggle. In 2000, Zoe Ball was replaced in the mornings by close friend and fellow ladette Sara Cox . The success of Moyles' show has come alongside increased success for

2750-412: A subsequent screening of Watch the K Foundation Burn a Million Quid for Bradford anarchists , Drummond and Cauty were challenged to reconcile their contribution to a charity record with their burning of a million pounds. Cauty's response was that "The Magnificent" "was a mistake; we should never have done that." Drummond agreed, elaborating: [W]e'd been told that The Help Album was trying to raise

2860-628: A very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore , a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep . There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries. Intelligent dance music (IDM) is a form of art music based on DnB and other electronic dance musics, exploring their boundaries using ideas from science, technology, contemporary classical music and progressive rock, often creating un-danceable, art gallery style music. Ghettotech ,

2970-590: A wave of new artists (Carlito & Addiction, Solid State/ DJ Dextrous , Subject 13 and Fellowship being amongst the early pioneers to champion the sound) incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. As of 2014, drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television , as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep , and producing successful artists including Chase & Status , Netsky , Metrik , and Pendulum . In 2021, Pitchfork noted

3080-457: A weekly late night show presented by a well known Internet personality called The Internet Takeover . Shows have been presented by various YouTubers such as Jim Chapman and Hannah Witton . In January 2015, Clara Amfo replaced Jameela Jamil as host of The Official Chart on Sundays (4   pm – 7   pm) and in March, Zane Lowe left Radio 1 and was replaced by Annie Mac on

3190-476: Is dominated by a relatively small group of record labels. Major international music labels had shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene until BMG Rights Management acquired RAM in February 2016. Since then, the genre has seen a significant growth in exposure. Whilst the origin of drum and bass music is in the UK, the genre has evolved considerably with many other prominent fanbases located all over

3300-535: Is electric, acoustic or a double bass , are less common. Atmospheric pads and samples may be added over the fundamental drum and bass to provide different feels. These have included "light" elements such as ambient pads as found in ambient electronica and samples of jazz and world musics, or "dark" elements such as dissonant pads and sci-fi samples to induce anxiety in the dancer. Old-school DnB usually included an MC providing vocals. Some styles (such as jazz-influenced DnB) also include melodic instruments soloing over

3410-478: Is the "Tramen", which combines the Amen break , a James Brown funk breakbeat (" Tighten Up " or "Samurai" break) and an Alex Reece drum and bass breakbeat. The relatively fast drum beat forms a canvas on which a producer can create tracks to appeal to almost any taste and often will form only a background to the other elements of the music. Syncopated breakbeats remain the most distinctive element as without these

The Magnificent (song) - Misplaced Pages Continue

3520-464: Is thought to be Jean Metcalfe of Family Favourites , but given that Metcalfe only presented the programme she is not considered a "true" DJ) and became its longest-serving presenter, having constantly evolved her musical tastes with the times. In 1978, Al Matthews became the first black disc jockey to join Radio 1. His Saturday night show Discovatin ' was broadcast for over two years. During

3630-592: The Atari ST to create their tracks. Of equal importance is the TR-808 kick drum, an artificially down-pitched or elongated bass drum sound sampled from Roland 's classic TR-808 drum machine, and a sound which has been subject to an enormous amount of experimentation over the years. Many drum and bass tracks have featured more than one sampled breakbeat in them and a technique of switching between two breaks after each bar developed. A more recent commonly used break

3740-566: The BBC . It specialises in modern popular music and current chart hits throughout the day. The station provides alternative genres at night, including electronica , dance, hip hop and indie , while its sister station 1Xtra plays black contemporary music , including hip hop and R&B . Radio 1 also runs two online streams, Radio 1 Dance , dedicated to dance music, and Radio 1 Anthems , dedicated to throwback music; both are available to listen only on BBC Sounds . Radio 1 broadcasts throughout

3850-579: The Ragga Twins , Dynamite MC , MC Skibadee (deceased) and MC Tali . Many musicians have adapted drum and bass to live performances, which feature instruments such as drums (acoustic or electronic), samplers , synthesizers , turntables , bass (either upright or electric) and guitars (acoustic or electric). Samplers have also been used live by assigning samples to a specific drum pad or key on drum pads or synthesizers. MCs are frequently featured in live performances. Smaller scenes within

3960-421: The bassline , in this case a deep sub-bass musical pattern which can be felt physically through powerful sound systems due to the low-range frequencies favoured. There has been considerable exploration of different timbres in the bass line region, particularly within techstep . The bass lines most notably originate from sampled sources or synthesizers . Bass lines performed with a bass instrument, whether it

4070-411: The electronic dance music scene perhaps lessened following the shifts from jungle to drum and bass, and through to so-called "intelligent drum and bass" and techstep. It still remains a fusion music style. Some tracks are illegally remixed and released on white label (technically bootleg), often to acclaim. For example, DJ Zinc 's remix of Fugees ' " Ready or Not ", also known as "Fugee Or Not",

4180-415: The 170–180 range. Recently, some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150-170 bpm range), but the mid-170s tempo is still a hallmark of the drum and bass sound. A track combining the same elements (broken beat, bass, production techniques) as a drum and bass track, but with a slower tempo (say 140 BPM), might not be drum and bass, but instead may qualify as

4290-457: The 1990s the Britpop boom declined, and manufactured chart pop (boy bands and acts aimed at sub-teenagers) came to dominate the charts. New-genre music occupied the evenings (indie on weekdays and dance at weekends), with a mix of specialist shows and playlist fillers through late nights. The rise of rave culture through the late 1980s and early 1990s gave the station the opportunity to move into

4400-494: The Art Recordings, Kasra's Critical Music , DJ Friction 's Shogun Audio, DJ Fresh 's Breakbeat Kaos , Ed Rush & Optical 's Virus Recordings, Futurebound 's Viper Recordings and DJ Hype , Pascal, NoCopyrightSounds and formerly DJ Zinc 's True Playaz (known as Real Playaz as of 2006). Prior to 2016, the major international music labels such as Sony Music and Universal had shown very little interest in

4510-546: The BBC 'Radio Weeks' promotions that took Radio 1, 2 and 4 shows on the road – drew some of the largest crowds of the decade. The station undoubtedly played a role in maintaining the high sales of 45 rpm single records, although it benefited from a lack of competition, apart from Radio Luxembourg , and from Manx Radio in the Isle of Man. ( Independent Local Radio did not begin until October 1973, took many years to cover virtually all of

The Magnificent (song) - Misplaced Pages Continue

4620-468: The BBC was a turn-off for some, and needle time restrictions prevented it from playing as many records as offshore stations had. It also had limited finances and often, as in January 1975, suffered disproportionately when the BBC had to make financial cutbacks, strengthening an impression that it was regarded as a lower priority by senior BBC executives. Despite this, it gained massive audiences, becoming

4730-525: The S.S.L.) " and a B-side , " America No More "). Police car sirens , used in the duo's " Doctorin' the Tardis " and " Build a Fire ", also feature here. Both the gunfire and the sirens are fitted to rhythmically accentuate the fast tempo. The song begins with Fleka's "This is Radio B92: Serbia calling", and launches into The Magnificent Seven melody on horn and string sounds, against a backdrop of gunfire that blends into fast drum machine patterns. During

4840-435: The UK and was initially a mixture of music and talk). Alan Freeman 's "Saturday Rock Show" was voted "Best Radio Show" five years running by readers of a national music publication, and was then axed by controller Derek Chinnery. News coverage on the station was boosted in 1973 when Newsbeat bulletins aired for the first time, and Richard Skinner joined the station as one of the new programme's presenters. On air, 1978

4950-435: The UK on FM between 97.1 MHz and 99.7 MHz , digital radio , digital TV and BBC Sounds. It was launched in 1967 to meet the demand for music generated by pirate radio stations, when the average age of the UK population was 27. The BBC claims that it targets the 15–29 age group, and the average age of its UK audience since 2009 is 30. BBC Radio 1 started 24-hour broadcasting on 1 May 1991. According to RAJAR ,

5060-785: The UK's jungle scene in the 1990s. The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other UK dance styles. A major influence was the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound that influenced jungle 's bass-heavy sound. Another feature of the style is the complex syncopation of the drum tracks' breakbeat . Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore , ragga jungle , hardstep , darkstep , techstep , neurofunk , ambient drum and bass, liquid funk (also known as liquid drum and bass), jump up, drumfunk, sambass , and drill 'n' bass . Drum and bass has influenced other genres such as big beat , dubstep , trip hop and has been influenced by hip hop , house , ambient music , techno , jazz , rock and pop . Drum and bass

5170-520: The United States. Today, drum and bass is widely promoted using different methods such as video sharing services like YouTube and Dailymotion , blogs , radio , and television , the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and Mixcloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted

5280-449: The absence of a suitable screen. An audience member told the duo: In Yugoslavia nobody ever dreamt of wealth because it was not an option. There were no football pools , no national lottery, no rags-to-riches tales fuelling dreams of endless wealth. There was no need to dream of wealth, then—everybody had the same and the state took care of your needs. According to Drummond, members of the audience applauded when Cauty obligingly burned

5390-407: The boundaries of drum and bass further into the mainstream with artists such as Chase and Status and Sub Focus . Now defunct labels include Rob Playford 's Moving Shadow , running from 1990 until 2007, which played a pivotal role in the nineties drum and bass scene, releasing records by artists such as Omni Trio . Originally drum and bass was mostly sold in 12-inch vinyl single format. With

5500-462: The breakfast show in January 1994, Bannister hired Chris Evans to present the breakfast show in April 1995. Evans was a popular presenter but was dismissed in 1997 after he demanded to present the breakfast show for only four days per week. Evans was replaced from 17 February 1997 by Mark and Lard – Mark Radcliffe and his sidekick Marc Riley – who found the slick, mass-audience style required for

5610-651: The chief executive of RadioCentre, was "to identify both areas of best practice and possible savings." The controller of Radio 1 and sister station 1Xtra changed to Ben Cooper on 28 October 2011, following the departure of Andy Parfitt. Ben Cooper answered to the Director of BBC Audio and Music, Tim Davie. On 7 December 2011, Ben Cooper's first major changes to the station were announced. Skream & Benga, Toddla T , Charlie Sloth and Friction replaced Judge Jules, Gilles Peterson , Kissy Sell Out and Fabio & Grooverider. A number of shows were shuffled to incorporate

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5720-448: The country by having that play list monopoly. — Joe Strummer Initially, the station was unpopular with some of its target audience who, it is claimed, disliked the fact that much of its airtime was shared with Radio 2 and that it was less unequivocally aimed at a young audience than the offshore stations, with some DJs such as Jimmy Young being in their 40s. The very fact that it was part of an "establishment" institution such as

5830-534: The crowd to begin dancing. Drum and bass exhibits a full frequency response which can sometimes only be fully appreciated on sound systems which can handle very low frequencies, including sub-bass frequencies that are often felt more than heard. As befits its name, the bass element of the music is particularly pronounced, with the comparatively sparse arrangements of drum and bass tracks allowing room for basslines that are deeper than most other forms of dance music. Drum and bass tracks are meticulously designed to create

5940-467: The development of drum and bass, with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only drum and bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal licence), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax FM and Eruption among the most influential. As of 2014, despite higher profile stations such as 1Xtra scaling back their drum and bass specialist coverage,

6050-430: The drum and bass community have developed and the scene as a whole has become much more fractured into specific subgenres, which have been grouped into "light" (influenced by ambient , jazz , and world music ) and "heavy" (influenced by industrial music , sci-fi , and anxiety ) styles, including: Born around the same time as jungle, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to

6160-573: The drum and bass scene, with the exception of some notable signings, including Pendulum 's In Silico LP to Warner. Roni Size's label played a big, if not the biggest, part in the creation of drum and bass with their dark, baseline sounds. V Recordings also played a large part of the development of drum and bass. BMG Rights Management acquired Ram Records in February 2016, making a strategic investment to help RAM Records (a London-based drum and bass record company co-owned by Andy C and his business partner Scott Bourne). RAM Records has been pushing

6270-443: The early weekend shows. Gary Davies and Janice Long also joined, hosting Saturday night late and evening shows respectively. In 1984, Robbie Vincent joined to host a Sunday evening soul show. Mike Smith left for a while to present BBC1's Breakfast Time ; Gary Davies then took over the weekday lunchtime slot. Bruno Brookes joined and replaced Peter Powell as presenter of the teatime show, with Powell replacing Blackburn on

6380-651: The emergence of drum and bass into mainstream music markets, more albums, compilations and DJ mixes started to be sold on CDs. As digital music became more popular, websites focused on electronic music, such as Beatport , began to sell drum and bass in digital format. The bulk of drum and bass vinyl records and CDs are distributed globally and regionally by a relatively small number of companies such as SRD (Southern Record Distributors), ST Holdings, & Nu Urban Music Limited. As of 11 September 2012, Nu Urban ceased trading and RSM Tenon were instructed to assist in convening statutory meetings of members and creditors to appoint

6490-488: The ensuing years of the genre's development. A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby , Peter Tosh , Sly & Robbie , Bill Laswell , Lee Perry , Mad Professor , Roots Radics , Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing

6600-581: The entertainment world getting publicly involved with charity", he and his KLF musical partner Jimmy Cauty nonetheless agreed to participate. The turnaround time of the album's production, from its recording to its appearance in record shops, was a tight five-day schedule, with all recording to be complete by the end of the first day (4 September 1995). To produce the song, Drummond and Cauty re-assembled The KLF's regular production team: keyboardist Nick Coler, engineer Ian Richardson, and mixer Mark "Spike" Stent . Cauty had for some time been entertaining

6710-499: The event by BBC Radio 1's Steve Lamacq , "The Magnificent" was aired, and the K Foundation revealed that they were going to screen Watch the K Foundation Burn a Million Quid in Belgrade's Republic Square the following week, motivated, according to Drummond, "to ask [the audience] if its [ sic ] a crime against humanity ". The film was shown as planned, powered by a hot dog kiosk and projected on to "a pair of double-sized white bed sheets" held up with drawing pins, in

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6820-467: The first British screening of Watch the K Foundation Burn a Million Quid . Fielding questions from an audience oblivious to the duo's recent studio endeavours, they were asked whether they would make any more music, to which Drummond scoffed, "What do you expect us to do, go and make a jungle record?", and Cauty: "Yeah, like a jungle novelty record with some strings on it or something. It would just be sad wouldn't it? We're too old." When interviewed after

6930-504: The form of Fleka's contributions and, punctuating the track at points, a male voice announcing "The Magnificent!" – this vocal sample was taken from the introduction of the 1971 release " Double Barrel " by Dave and Ansil Collins . Recurring prominently are sounds of machine-gun, six shooter and artillery fire, a theme used regularly in The KLF's late singles (most overtly " What Time Is Love? (Live at Trancentral) ", " 3 a.m. Eternal (Live at

7040-495: The gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from

7150-468: The genre has made its way into UK top 10 charts with drum and bass inspired tracks from artists such as Rudimental and Sigma. Earlier in August 2014, before Crissy Criss' show was axed, the BBC held a whole prime time evening event dedicated to showcasing drum and bass by allowing four major labels to participate. BBC Radio 1 BBC Radio 1 is a British national radio station owned and operated by

7260-612: The growth in dance and rap music, Jeff Young joined in October 1987 with the Big Beat show. At the end of the year Nicky Campbell , Mark Goodier and Liz Kershaw all joined, and Janice Long left. Mayo replaced Smith on the breakfast show in May 1988. In September, Goodier and Kershaw took over weekend breakfasts with Powell departing. Campbell took over weekday evenings as part of a move into night-time broadcasting as 1 October 1988 saw Radio 1 extend broadcast hours until 02:00; previously

7370-517: The heavier sampling and "hardcore noises" and create more bassline and breakbeat led tracks. Some tracks increasingly took their influence from reggae and this style would become known as hardcore jungle (later to become simply jungle ), whilst darkcore (with producers such as Goldie , Doc Scott , 4hero , and 2 Bad Mice ) were experimenting with sounds and creating a blueprint for drum and bass, especially noticeable by late 1993. By 1994, jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity, and fans of

7480-430: The incumbent Serbian president Slobodan Milošević . At the request of Drummond and Cauty, the duo recorded some phrases spoken down a phone line by Fleka: "This is Radio B92: Serbia calling. Message follows", and "Humans against killing: that sounds like a junkie against dope". In return for the contribution, Drummond and Cauty agreed to visit Serbia and appear on Fleka's radio show. Fleka's words were incorporated into

7590-444: The influence that the use of drugs have had over popular musicians, received critical acclaim but were slated inside Broadcasting House . At just before 09:00 on 1 July 1994, Radio 1 broadcast on medium wave for the final time. In March 1995, Radio 1 hosted an "Interactive Radio Night" with Jo Whiley and Steve Lamacq broadcasting from Cyberia , an internet café and featuring live performances by Orbital via ISDN . Later in

7700-539: The most listened-to station in the world, with audiences of over ten million claimed for some of its shows (up to twenty million for some of the combined Radio 1 and Radio 2 shows). In the early-to-mid-1970s Radio 1 presenters were rarely out of the British tabloids, thanks to the Publicity Department's high-profile work. The touring summer live broadcasts called the Radio 1 Roadshow – usually as part of

7810-490: The music (often referred to as junglists ) became a more recognisable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall , MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy -fuelled rave scene, jungle also inherited associations with violence and criminal activity, both from

7920-439: The music. Jazz pioneer Miles Davis has been named as a possible influence. Blues artists such as Lead Belly , Robert Johnson , Charlie Patton , Muddy Waters and B. B. King have also been cited by producers as inspirations. Even modern avant-garde composers such as Henryk Gorecki have received mention. One of the most influential tracks in drum and bass history was "Amen Brother" by The Winstons , which contains

8030-473: The music. Drum and bass is usually between 160 and 180 BPM, in contrast to other breakbeat -based dance styles such as nu skool breaks , which maintain a slower pace at around 130–140 BPM. A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155–165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in

8140-668: The music. This influence has lessened with time, but is still evident, with many tracks containing ragga vocals. As a musical style built around funk or syncopated rock and roll breaks , James Brown , Al Green , Marvin Gaye , Ella Fitzgerald , Gladys Knight & the Pips , Billie Holiday , Aretha Franklin , Otis Redding , the Supremes , the Commodores , Jerry Lee Lewis , and even Michael Jackson acted as funk influences on

8250-632: The new line-up. On 28 February 2012, further changes were announced. Greg James and Scott Mills swapped shows and Jameela Jamil , Gemma Cairney and Danny Howard joined the station. The new line-up of DJs for In New DJs We Trust was also announced with B.Traits , Mosca, Jordan Suckley and Julio Bashmore hosting shows on a four weekly rotation. This new schedule took effect on Monday, 2 April 2012. In September 2012, Nick Grimshaw replaced Chris Moyles as host of "Radio 1's Breakfast Show". Grimshaw previously hosted Mon-Thurs 10pm-Midnight, Weekend Breakfast and Sunday evenings alongside Annie Mac. Grimshaw

8360-453: The newly emerging sound. DJs at the Heaven nightclub on "Rage" nights used to play it as fast as their Technics record decks would go, pitching it up in the process. By the late 1980s and early 1990s, the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore , which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared

8470-471: The notion of covering Elmer Bernstein's theme from The Magnificent Seven . According to Drummond, the duo envisaged crafting this alongside the vocals of Robbie Williams , recently sacked from the band Take That for his wayward behaviour in the presence of the paparazzi. Williams, however, was unavailable, holidaying in Turkey with his mother, and so due to the production deadline, this collaborative idea

8580-501: The people in charge of radio stations. Firstly, Radio 1. They outlawed the pirates and then didn't, as they promised, cater for the market the pirates created. Radio 1 and 2, most afternoons, run concurrently and the whole thing has slid right back to where it was before the pirates happened. They've totally fucked it. There's no radio station for young people any more. It's all down to housewives and trendies in Islington. They're killing

8690-417: The ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass. As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995–1997). It also began to split into recognisable subgenres such as hardstep , jump up, ragga, techstep, and what

8800-480: The reins fully in October 1993. His aim was to rid the station of its " Smashie and Nicey " image in order to appeal to the under-25s. Although originally launched as a youth station, by the early 1990s, its loyal listeners and DJs had aged with the station over its 25-year history. Many long-standing DJs, such as Simon Bates , Dave Lee Travis , Alan Freeman , Bob Harris , Paul Gambaccini , Gary Davies , and later Steve Wright, Bruno Brookes and Johnnie Walker left

8910-586: The same use of broken beats. Drum and bass shares many musical characteristics with hip-hop, though it is nowadays mostly stripped of lyrics. Grandmaster Flash , Roger Troutman , Afrika Bambaata , Run DMC , Mac Dre , Public Enemy , Schooly D , N.W.A , Kid Frost , Wu-Tang Clan , Dr. Dre , Mos Def , Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence. Clearly, drum and bass has been influenced by other music genres, though influences from sources external to

9020-508: The shadow of EMI's multi-million pound marriage to Williams [reportedly worth the then unprecedented sum of £80m], Drummond's seemingly esoteric projects make complete sense and ooze relevance". Drum and bass Drum and bass (commonly abbreviated as DnB , D&B , or D'n'B ) is a genre of electronic dance music characterised by fast breakbeats (typically 165–185 beats per minute ) with heavy bass and sub-bass lines, samples , and synthesizers . The genre grew out of

9130-401: The spectrum. The sounds of drum and bass are extremely varied due to the range of influences behind the music. Drum and bass could at one time be defined as a strictly electronic musical genre, with the only "live" element being the DJ's selection and mixing of records during a set. "Live" drum and bass using electric, electronic and acoustic instruments played by musicians on stage emerged over

9240-608: The station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 7.3 million with a listening share of 4.5% as of March 2024. Radio 1 was established in 1967 (along with the more middle-of-the-road BBC Radio 2 ) as a successor to the BBC Light Programme , which had broadcast popular music and other entertainment since 1945. Radio 1 was conceived as a direct response to the popularity of offshore pirate radio stations such as Radio Caroline and Radio London , which had been declared illegal by Act of Parliament . Radio 1's initial format

9350-429: The station had closed for the night at midnight. From September 1988, Radio 1 began its FM switch-on, with further major transmitter switch-ons in 1989 and 1990. It was not until the mid-1990s that all existing BBC radio transmitters had Radio 1 added. Previously, Radio 1 had "borrowed" Radio 2's VHF/FM frequencies for around 25 hours each week. On 1 May 1991, Radio 1 began 24-hour broadcasting, although only on FM, as

9460-545: The station in general. In 2006, DJs Scott Mills and Zane Lowe won gold Sony Radio Awards , while the station itself came away with the best station award. A new evening schedule was introduced in September 2006, dividing the week by genre. The licence-fee funding of Radio 1, alongside Radio 2, is often criticised by the commercial sector. In the first quarter of 2011 Radio 1 was part of an efficiency review conducted by John Myers . His role, according to Andrew Harrison,

9570-406: The station or were dismissed, and in January 1995, older music (typically anything recorded before 1990) was dropped from the daytime playlist . Many listeners rebelled as the first new DJs to be introduced represented a crossover from other parts of the BBC (notably Bannister and Trevor Dann's former colleagues at the BBC's London station, GLR ) with Emma Freud and Danny Baker . Another problem

9680-436: The station – including Edith Bowman, Nihal and Rob da Bank. Huw Stephens gained a new show hosting 10   pm – 1   am Monday–Wednesday with Alice Levine presenting weekends 1   pm – 4   pm. Radio 1's Residency also expanded with Skream joining the rotational line-up on Thursday nights (10   pm – 1   am). From December 2014 to April 2016, Radio 1 included

9790-406: The station's MW transmitters were switched off between midnight and 06:00. In 1992, Radio 1, for the first and only time, covered a general election . Their coverage was presented by Nicky Campbell . In his last few months as controller, Johnny Beerling commissioned a handful of new shows that in some ways set the tone for what was to come under Matthew Bannister . One of these " Loud'n'proud "

9900-404: The station. The changes took effect in January 2013. Former presenter Sara Cox hosted her last show on Radio 1 in February 2014 before moving back to Radio 2. In March 2014, Gemma Cairney left the weekend breakfast show to host the weekday early breakfast slot, swapping shows with Dev. In September 2014, Radio 1 operated a series of changes to their output which saw many notable presenters leave

10010-531: The summer months a Wednesday show was also broadcast featuring live acts. At the start of 1981, Mike Read took over The Radio 1 Breakfast Show from Dave Lee Travis . Towards the end of the year, Steve Wright started the long-running Steve Wright in the Afternoon show. In 1982, the new Radio 1's Weekend Breakfast Show started, initially with Tony Blackburn supported by Maggie Philbin and Keith Chegwin . Adrian John and Pat Sharp also joined for

10120-546: The track and, titled "The Magnificent", it was dispatched to Go! Discs, with Cauty and Drummond assuming the pseudonym 'One World Orchestra featuring the Massed Pipes and Drums of the Children's Free Revolutionary Volunteer Guard'. Although this was the first and only occasion on which the duo adopted the elaborate One World Orchestra name, Select magazine commented that "it was obvious to any close observer of pop" who

10230-474: The two breaks , Fleka's "Humans against killing: that sounds like a junkie against dope" is backed first by the melody played on soft flutes, and second by a sequence of climactic string chords not present on the original theme. The speaker's separation from the listener is conveyed by the thick static interference that accompanies his words over the phone line. Fleka's sentiment—that humankind cannot control its urge to kill—offers insight into his perspective as

10340-462: The uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. German drum and bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading digital hardcore artists. Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga-influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being

10450-481: The use of podcasts . Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio . The three highest-profile radio stations playing drum and bass shows are BBC Radio 1 with The Drum and Bass Show – formerly with Friction , who was replaced with René LaVice in 2017, simulcast in the US and Canada on Sirius XM, and DJ Hype on Kiss 100 in London. Fabio and Grooverider previously held

10560-502: The world. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to new genres in the rave scene including breakbeat hardcore , darkcore , and hardcore jungle , which combined sampled syncopated beats, or breakbeats, and other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. From as early as 1991, tracks were beginning to strip away some of

10670-600: Was " Flowers in the Rain " by The Move , the number 2 record in that week's Top 20 (the number 1 record, The Last Waltz by Engelbert Humperdinck , would have been inappropriate for the station's sound). The second single was " Massachusetts " by the Bee Gees . The breakfast show remains the most prized slot in the Radio 1 schedule, with every change of breakfast show presenter generating considerable media interest. The initial rota of staff included John Peel , Pete Myers , and

10780-518: Was abandoned. An alternative vocal focus was found at short notice in Fleka (real name Miomir Grujić), a Belgradian counter-culturist well-known in Serbia "for his involvement in a huge variety of art, music and media projects dating back to 1980 and the communist regime of Tito ". In 1995, Fleka was a late-night DJ for the subversive independent Serbian radio station B92 , where he was a vocal critic of

10890-407: Was behind the composition. Members of The Help Album production team planned for the One World Orchestra track to open the album, but this idea was vetoed by executive producer and War Child patron Brian Eno , who considered the song "too political" for that role; instead, "The Magnificent" was placed as track 15 of the album. On 5 September 1995, as the K Foundation, Cauty and Drummond presented

11000-654: Was eventually released with the Fugees' permission after talk of legal action, though ironically, the Fugees' version infringed Enya 's copyright to an earlier song. White labels, along with dubplates , played an important part in drum and bass musical culture. The Amen break was synonymous with early drum and bass productions but other samples have had a significant impact, including the Apache , Funky Drummer , "Soul Pride", "Scorpio" and " Think (About It) " breaks. Early pioneers often used Akai samplers and sequencers on

11110-454: Was indeed sampled on Renegade's Terrorist and countless others since, being known simply as the 'Reese' bassline. He followed these up with equally influential (and bassline-heavy) tracks in the UK hardcore style as Tronik House in 1991–1992. Another Detroit artist who was important to the scene was Carl Craig . The sampled-up jazz break on Craig's Bug in the Bassbin was also influential on

11220-458: Was influenced in particular by Radio London's American-style Top 40 format, in which music was divided into categories played in strict rotation. The new service was initially promoted in the summer of 1967 by trails (voiced by Kenny Everett ) which referred to it as "Radio 247", the station's temporary working title. Radio 1 was launched at 7:00   am on Saturday 30 September 1967. Broadcasts were on 1214 kHz AM (247 metres), using

11330-399: Was known at the time as intelligent. As more melodic and often jazz-influenced subgenres of drum and bass called atmospheric or intelligent ( Blame and Blu Mar Ten ) and jazzstep ( 4Hero , Roni Size ) gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep in 1996, drawing influence from techno . The emergence of related styles such as liquid funk in the 2000s brought

11440-424: Was only two minutes, it was a cert." The track is a cover version of The Magnificent Seven theme. Its tempo approximates that of the original tune, but whereas the original is percussively sparse, One World Orchestra's drum-oriented cover has a tempo in excess of 160 beats per minute, which is typical of drum 'n' bass tracks. "The Magnificent" features no sung vocals, but uses sampled speech throughout, in

11550-449: Was replaced by Phil Taggart and Alice Levine on the 10pm-Midnight show. In November 2012, another series of changes were announced. This included the departure of Reggie Yates and Vernon Kay. Jameela Jamil was announced as the new presenter of The Official Chart . Matt Edmondson moved to weekend mornings with Tom Deacon briefly replacing him on Wednesday nights. Daniel Howell and Phil Lester , famous YouTubers and video bloggers, joined

11660-541: Was that the Musicians' Union would not agree to a single fee for the singers and musicians if the jingles were made "in-house" by the BBC; they wanted repeat fees each time one was played. The first music to be heard on the station was an extract from "Beefeaters" by Johnny Dankworth . " Theme One ", specially composed for the launch by George Martin was played for the first time before Radio 1 officially launched at 7 am. The first complete record played on Radio 1

11770-499: Was that, at the time, Radio 2 was sticking resolutely to a format which appealed mainly to those who had been listening since the days of the Light Programme , and commercial radio, which was targeting the "Radio 1 and a half" audience, consequently enjoyed a massive increase in its audience share at Radio 1's expense. After the departure of Steve Wright, who had been unsuccessfully moved from his long-running afternoon show to

11880-488: Was the UK's first national radio series aimed at a gay audience, which was produced in Manchester and aired from August 1993. Far from being a "parting quirk", the show was a surprise hit and led to the network's first coverage of the large outdoor Gay Pride event in 1994. The Man Ezeke became Radio 1's first black regular daytime presenter when he began hosting on Sunday lunchtimes in January 1993. Bannister took

11990-465: Was the busiest year of the decade. David Jensen replaced Dave Lee Travis as host of the weekday drivetime programme so that DLT could replace Noel Edmonds as presenter of the Radio 1 Breakfast show. Later in the year the Sunday teatime chart show was extended from a Top 20 countdown to a Top 40 countdown, and Tommy Vance , one of the station's original presenters, rejoined the station to present

12100-525: Was used by B92 as a jingle and, in 1996, it became recognised as a protest song against the Serbian government of Slobodan Milošević . In late summer 1995, Tony Crean of Go! Discs Records spoke with Bill Drummond about the proposed Help Album , a not-for-profit charity LP for children affected by the Bosnian conflict . Although Drummond claimed that the duo "despised the whole idea of people in

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