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42-490: [REDACTED] Look up onomasticon in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Onomasticon may refer to: Onomasticon (Eusebius) Onomasticon of Amenope Onomasticon of Joan Coromines Onomasticon of Julius Pollux Onomasticon of Johann Glandorp Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum (1897), or Searle's Onomasticon, by William George Searle Topics referred to by

84-597: A Latin translation of the Onomasticon was made by Jerome in little over half a century later. Greco-Roman referents are used by Eusebius in his Onomasticon for Hebrew names, such as Ailia for Jerusalem , Nicopolis for Emmaus , Diospolis for Lydda ( Lod ), Eleutheropolis for Beit Gubrin , Azotus for Ashdod , Jamnia for Yavne , Neapolis for Shechem , Scythopolis for Beit Shean , Diocaesarea for Sepphoris , Philadelphia for Amman , and Ptolemais for Acre . The complete demographic diversity of

126-555: A church was built on the site. Eusebius references the encampment of the Legio X Fretensis at Aila (in southern Israel, near modern Aqaba and Eilat ); the X Fretensis was probably transferred from Jerusalem to Aila under Diocletian (r. 284–305). Jerome provided a Latin translation of Eusebius's Onomasticon , which Jerome translated in 388 while living in Bethlehem. Jerome's Latin edition includes various designations, based on

168-408: A destination. Such references are also used by maintenance engineers and emergency services to direct them to specific points where their presence is required. This term is sometimes used to denote a location on a road even if no physical sign is present. This is useful for accident reporting and other record keeping (e.g., "an accident occurred at the 13-mile mark" even if the road is only marked with

210-447: A fair degree of precision; in the UK, the chain (equal to 1 ⁄ 80 mile or 20 metres) is the usual accuracy. In the U.S. and Canada, miles are "decimalized", so that, for example, there may be a "milepost 4.83" to mark a junction, crossing, bridge or tunnel. In metricated areas, the equivalent is the kilometric point . Surveyors place milestones to mark the boundaries between

252-508: A masonry platform built with bricks and plastered over with lime. Though not architecturally very impressive, being milestones, they were an important part of communication and travel in a large empire. Kos is an ancient Indian unit of distance. It can represent either a distance of approximately 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) or 3.2 kilometres (2.0 mi). Minar is a Persian word for tower. Abul Fazl recorded in Akbar Nama that in

294-460: A means of determining the distance travelled (fares were set by distance at this time). Section 94 states: "The company shall cause the length of the railway to be measured, and milestones, posts, or other conspicuous objects to be set up and maintained along the whole line thereof, at the distance of one quarter of a mile from each other, with numbers or marks inscribed thereon denoting such distances." Similar laws were passed in other countries. On

336-541: A ruin), Debir [ sic ], En-Gedi , Eshtemoh , Hormah, Thalca, Juttah , Nineveh [ sic ], Naarah , and Carmel (mentioned incidentally to Ziph); one a Samaritan village: Tirzah (Thersila) in Batanaea ; and two Christian settlements: Anaea and Jattir . The town Debir [ sic ], being " Dabeira on Mount Thabor, in the borders of Diocaesarea " in Lower Galilee had

378-592: A sizable Jewish population. Milestone A milestone is a numbered marker placed on a route such as a road , railway line , canal or boundary . They can indicate the distance to towns, cities, and other places or landmarks like mileage signs ; or they can give their position on the route relative to some datum location. On roads they are typically located at the side or in a median or central reservation . They are alternatively known as mile markers (sometimes abbreviated MMs ), mileposts or mile posts (sometimes abbreviated MPs ). A " kilometric point "

420-456: A stone once every 10 miles). Miliarium ( Classical Latin : [miːllɪˈaːrɪ.ũː ˈau̯rɛ.ũː] ) were originally stone obelisks – made from granite , marble , or whatever local stone was available – and later concrete posts. They were widely used by Roman Empire road builders and were an important part of any Roman road network: the distance travelled per day was only a few miles in some cases. Many Roman milestones only record

462-472: A system mirroring that of the Interstate System, other states, such as Illinois , California , and Kentucky , use the county line as the zero mile marker , while others, including Missouri , do not sign mile-markers at all (except on Interstates). Arizona has a rather unusual system, where a route's mileposts continue those from its original host. Often, the exits are numbered according to

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504-424: A unique location number. The number is given without units but is the distance in kilometres from a designated datum location for the road. In the U.S. Interstate Highway System , the numbers usually measure the distance to the southern or western state line, or the route's terminus, if the national southern or western terminus lies in that state. The numbering system for other highways varies by state; most use

546-509: A white background, written in black. On top is a large "K" (or "KM"), and a number, referencing the distance from the kilometre zero . While the national kilometre zero is in Rizal Park , each major island has its own kilometre zero. The milestones on the Luzon mainland reference Rizal Park's kilometre zero. The second label is a letter, standing for the first letter of the next town if one

588-631: Is Codex Vaticanus , Gr. 1456 which dates from the 11th or 12th century. Erich Klostermann published a scholarly eclectic edition of the manuscript in 1904, using in addition four other manuscripts. Dependent upon the Codex Vaticanus manuscript is Codex Parisinus Gr 464 which dates from the 16th century. These two manuscripts were edited and published by Lagarde in 1870. Eusebius organizes his entries into separate categories according to their first letters. The entries for Joshua under Tau , for example, read as follows: Tina (Kinah, 15:22): of

630-401: Is a term used in metricated areas , where distances are commonly measured in kilometres instead of miles . " Distance marker " is a generic unit-agnostic term. Milestones are installed to provide linear referencing points along the road. This can be used to reassure travellers that the proper path is being followed, and to indicate either distance travelled or the remaining distance to

672-512: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Onomasticon (Eusebius) The Onomasticon sits uneasily between the ancient genres of geography and lexicography , taking elements from both but serving as a member of neither. It is widely considered the most important book for the study of Palestine in the Roman period . Eusebius's description of his own method, who wrote: "I shall collect

714-537: Is located "in the suburbs of Jerusalem". The Onomasticon has traditionally been dated before 324, on the basis of its sparse references to Christianity, and complete absence of remarks on Constantine the Great 's buildings in the Holy Land. The work also describes traditional religious practices at the oak of Mamre as though they were still happening, while they are known to have been suppressed soon after 325, when

756-518: Is now in the Malta at War Museum . The Kos Minars or Mile Pillars are medieval milestones that were made by the 16th-century Afghan Ruler Sher Shah Suri and later on by Mughal emperors. These Minars were erected by the Mughal Emperors on the main highways across the empire to mark the distance. The Kos Minar is a solid round pillar, around 30 feet (9.1 m) in height that stands on

798-519: Is traveling on that direction, then the distance in kilometers, from the town. In the example to the right, a milestone in Ortigas Avenue in Pasig says it is 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) from Rizal Park, and 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) from Cainta . On the other side, the milestone there says it is 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) from San Juan . Most milestones only have labels on one side, facing

840-550: The Land of Israel , or Palestine , in the 4th-century CE is not fully known. However, Eusebius who lived in Beit Gubrin (Eleutheropolis) speaks briefly about the country's ethnic make-up, principally, in the area of the country in which he was most familiar. Out of fourteen entries where he mentions the town's ethnic details, eleven of these settlements were Jewish, namely: Ekron, Anea (thought to be Khirbet Ghuwein et-Taḥta , now

882-523: The Milliarium Aureum of Ancient Rome . The Milion survived intact until at least the late 15th century. Its fragments were discovered again in the late 1960s. A fragment is re-erected as a pillar. In Islamic civilisation, use of milestone began in the first Islamic century. The Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik bin Marwan laid the milestones along the paths that travelers used, and some were found in

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924-709: The Overseas Highway of the Florida Keys – use mileposts to mark points of interest or (in the cases of many businesses along the Overseas Highway) as a portion of their address. In Myanmar , furlongs have been used at least until 2010 in conjunction with miles to indicate distances on highway signs, for example on the Yangon-Mandalay Expressway . Zimbabwean milestones are constructed of cast concrete painted white with

966-522: The Roman Empire with which to work, and which allowed him to record the precise distances between locations in Roman miles. Needless to say, this innovation has been very useful to modern research. Of the approximate 980 Biblical and New Testament names of places contained in those works, Eusebius identifies some 340 with locations known in his own day and age. The primary source for the Onomasticon

1008-503: The UK, milestones are especially associated with former turnpike roads . The British built many milestones on the island of Malta . They consisted of large slabs of local hard rock and they were engraved with the distance to or from a particular location. Many of these were defaced in World War II to disorientate forces in a potential invasion . Despite this, a very small number of milestones still exist undefaced, and one of these

1050-651: The United States should be reckoned. Odometers were used to measure the Roman milestone spacing, most likely based on Ancient Greek technology . A mile-marker monument, the Milion , was erected in the early 4th century AD in Constantinople . It served as the starting point for measurement of distances for all the roads leading to the cities of the Byzantine Empire , and had the same function as

1092-742: The city of Faiq in the Syrian Golan, which is, Faiq, one of the main road stations throughout the Islamic ages. The function of these stones was to guide travelers and introduce them to long distances, as the separation between one and the other was one mile. Many of these stones were found in more than one location, one in the Islamic Archeology Museum in Istanbul and another in the Jerusalem Museum. A translation of

1134-589: The different manuscripts available to him. This Latin version of Eusebius's Onomasticon became the main source for research of Israel in the west. The edition published by Paul de Lagarde includes the Latin work compiled by Jerome under the title, Hieronymi de Situ et Nominibus Locorum Hebraicorum Liber ("Jerome's Book on the Location and Names of Hebrew Places"). Eusebius compiled his work in Greek , although

1176-415: The driver. Others have labels on all four sides. In the UK, driver location signs are placed every 500 metres (550 yd) along each side of motorways , and along some other major roads. They were first introduced in 2003, and they complement distance marker posts, small roadside posts at 100 metres (110 yd) intervals, used for road maintenance and administrative purposes. Both types of sign display

1218-454: The entries from the whole of the divinely inspired Scriptures, and I shall set them out grouped by their initial letters so that one may easily perceive what lies scattered throughout the text," implies that he had no similar type of book to work from; his work being entirely original, based only on the text of the Bible. Others have suggested that Eusebius had at his disposal early Roman maps of

1260-1037: The former mile markers to be gradually replaced with 10 km markers on highways and country roads, which are referred to as "kilometre plates". Kilometre plates have white text on a trapezoidal green background, and are generally located about a metre above the ground. They have a letter which indicates the town or city they are referring to, and a number, which is the distance in kilometres to that town or city. Kilometre plates are now generally 5 km apart on major highways and 10 or 20 km apart on less popular or rural highways, though there are many exceptions. Kilometre plates are supplemented by signboards, which display distances to several towns ahead. Some mile markers are retained as curiosities (see gallery). These include stone markers on Victoria's Glenelg Highway at Delacombe, Usage varies by province, as highways are under provincial jurisdiction. In Alberta, for example, kilometre markers are green metal signs with white lettering, and are generally placed every 4 km starting at

1302-655: The kilometre distance indented and painted black. There is no distinction between state and national road-sign markings. They were originally sited every 500 metres by the Rhodesian Ministry of Roads and Road Traffic, starting at zero from the largest town or city. In 1980, the Zimbabwean government began placing new markers 1 km apart and damaged or missing half kilometre markers were no longer replaced. The Railways Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 compels UK railway companies to provide their passengers with

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1344-446: The last major intersection to the south or west, depending on whether the route runs north–south or east–west. Milestones on National highways of India typically have white backgrounds with yellow tops (on national highways) or green tops (on state highways). The names of cities and distances are painted in black. The names of the nearest towns and cities are written along with distance in kilometres. On undivided highways, both sides of

1386-503: The milestones are used, telling the distance to the nearest cities in each direction. The highway number is written on the head of the milestone. The sum of the distances of two nearest cities in each direction from the milestone is listed on the side. Milestones in the Philippines are found in highways , one kilometer apart, and are found in pairs, one on each side of the road. These are short yellow concrete posts, with two labels on

1428-412: The modern railway, these historical markers are still used as infrastructure reference points. At many points, the distances shown on the markers are based upon points no longer on the network – for example, distances measured via a closed line or from a junction which has subsequently been moved. Whole mileposts are usually supplemented by half and quarter posts. Structure signs often include the mileage to

1470-580: The name of the reigning emperor without giving any placenames or distances. The first Roman milestones appeared on the Appian Way . At the centre of Rome, the " Golden Milestone " was erected to mark the presumed centre of the empire: this milestone has since been lost. The Golden Milestone inspired the Zero Milestone in Washington, D.C., intended as the point from which all road distances in

1512-604: The nearest milepost, known as the mile-log system. From the beginning of the Interstate system until the mid-2000s, most Interstate highways had markers every mile. Since that time, many states have installed more markers every 0.25 mile, every 0.2 mile, or in some metro areas, every 0.1 mile. Some historic and scenic routes – such as along the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina and Virginia and

1554-418: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Onomasticon . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Onomasticon&oldid=909843148 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1596-510: The standard Roman mile was 1,475 meters. Since most villages in the Onomasticon are far removed from Roman-built roads, scholars have concluded that Eusebius did not glean the geographical information from maps based on a milestone survey, but rather collected the information from some other source. Where there is a contemporary town at the site or nearby, Eusebius notes it in the corresponding entry. " Terebinth ", for example, describes Shechem as "near Neapolis", modern Nablus , and " Tophet "

1638-832: The text written on the stone currently found in the Kasserine Museum in the Golan reads as follows: In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. There is no god but God alone, and there is no partner for it. Muhammad is the Messenger of God. He ordered the making of these miles, Abdul Malik bin Marwan, Commander of the Faithful. At the hands of a consultant, the Lord of the Faithful. In Sha'ban from

1680-661: The tribe of Judah. Telem (15:24): of the tribe of Judah. Tessam ([Azem] 15:29): of the tribe of Judah. Tyre ([Zer] 19:35): of the tribe of Naphthali. Under each letter, the entries are organized first by the book they are found in, and then by their place in that book. In almost all of the entries in his geographical opus, Eusebius brings down the respective distances in Roman " milestones " ( semeia ) from major points of reference, such as from Jerusalem , Beit Gubrin (Eleutheropolis), Hebron , Ptolemais , Caesarea , etc. In Eusebius's Onomasticon , distances between each "milestone" were usually 1,600 meters–1,700 meters, although

1722-585: The year 1575 AD, Akbar issued an order that at every Kos on the way from Agra to Ajmer, a pillar or a minar should be erected for the comfort of the travelers. The historical term milestone is still used today, even though the "stones" are typically metal highway location markers and in most countries use kilometres and metres rather than miles and yards. Also found today are more closely spaced signs containing fractional numbers, and signs along railways, beaches and canals. Metrication in Australia caused

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1764-523: The year eighty-five, from Damascus to this stone fifty-three miles. In Europe , the distance measured typically starts at specified point within a city or town , as many roads were named for the towns at either end. For example, in London , United Kingdom , a plaque near the Eleanor cross at Charing Cross is the reference point from which distances from London to other towns and cities are measured. In

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