Misplaced Pages

#252747

79-481: The second longest dam in the Delta Works , after the 10.5-kilometre-long Oesterdam , the nine-kilometre-long Oosterscheldekering ( kering meaning barrier) was initially designed, and partly built, as a closed dam , but after public protests, huge sluice -gate-type doors were installed in the remaining four kilometres. These doors are normally open, but can be closed under adverse weather conditions. In this way,

158-489: A Delta Works Commission was installed to research the causes and develop measures to prevent such disasters in future. They revised some of the old plans and came up with the "Deltaplan". An important part of this project was fundamental research to come up with long-term solutions, protecting the Netherlands against future floods. Instead of analysing past floods and building protection sufficient to deal with those,

237-568: A building collapsed in Algiers following torrential rains on the city, causing the deaths of three people. On 11 November, the heavy rain continuing on Algiers caused another landslide on houses in the Raïs Hamidou neighborhood, causing the deaths of three other persons. From 8 to 11 November, convective bands associated with the storm caused 3 deaths in Sicily. Storm Arwen was named by

316-508: A bus stop full of people however nobody was injured. A second crane got overturned in the city of Malmö and landed on parked cars. Another crane got overturned in the city of Södertälje south of Stockholm and landed on a hospital but only caused slight damage to windows in the ICU section. Many trees fell throughout southern Sweden. Many trees also fell in Norrtälje, a town north of Stockholm which

395-653: A cold night in the north. A man in the Northern Irish town of Antrim died when a falling tree hit his car. Another man was hit and killed by a falling tree in Cumbria and a third man died after his pick-up truck was struck by a falling tree in Aberdeenshire . The live broadcasts and filming of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! on 26, 27 and 28 November at Gwrych Castle in Wales were affected as

474-652: A full list of names for 2015–2016 through to 2017–2018, common to both the United Kingdom and Ireland, with the Netherlands taking part from 2019 onwards. Names in the United Kingdom will be based on the National Severe Weather Warning Service , when a storm is assessed to have the potential for an Amber ('be prepared') or Red ('take action (danger to life)') warning. There are multiple regional naming lists: one created by

553-996: A high tide forecast in the North Sea led to the decision to close the Oosterscheldekering . Storm Dudley was named on 14 February 2022 by the Met Office . An amber warning was issued towards parts of Scotland and Northern England on Wednesday, 16 February. The same system has been named by the Free University of Berlin as Ylenia . On 17 February, a tornado confirmed by the European Severe Storms Laboratory touched down in Poland causing damage to buildings. A man in Western Poland near Gorzów Wielkopolski died when

632-458: A higher acceptable risk. River flooding also has a longer warning time, producing a lower estimated death toll per event. These acceptable risks were enshrined in the Delta Law (Dutch: Deltawet ). This required the government to keep risks of catastrophic flooding within these limits and to upgrade defences should new insights into risks require this. The limits have also been incorporated into

711-707: A land spout occurred on Andros due to the storm. Elpis is expected to impact Israel on 26 January. The storm also killed 3 people, with 18 injured after thousands were trapped in a snowstorm in Turkey. On 28 January, Storm Malik was named by the Danish Meteorological Institute (a part of the Northern Europe storm naming group), after the Greenlandic name that also means "wave". In Finland and Germany, which are not part of

790-527: A large freshwater lake, the Zeeuwse Meer (Zeeland Lake). This would have caused major environmental destruction in Oosterschelde, with the total loss of the saltwater ecosystem and, consequently, the harvesting of oysters. Environmentalists and fishermen combined their efforts to prevent the closure; they persuaded parliament to amend the original plan. Instead of completely damming the estuary,

869-559: A low near the Balearic Islands and named it Blas . An orange alert was issued for these islands, for coastal phenomena and rain. The north of Catalonia was declared an Orange Zone, as strong winds blew inland from the Spanish Navarre and Aragon . Météo-France has also issued a yellow alert for Aude and Pyrénées-Orientales for wind, as well as Corsica for rain. As the system stalled between Sardinia and

SECTION 10

#1732783381253

948-717: A result of the storm. Storm Barra was named by the Met Éireann and the Met Office on 5 December 2021 and was named Harry by the Free University of Berlin. Met Éireann confirmed the storm was named after the BBC Northern Ireland weatherman Barra Best. The storm brought strong winds and rain across much of Ireland and the UK on 6 and 7 December, with the rain turning to snow across northern England and Scotland. Winds were recorded up to 43 m/s (97 mph) of

1027-627: A tree fell on his car. Another two men were killed when a crane fell on them in Kraków and two other people were seriously injured in the same accident. caused by a tornado. At least 11 tornadoes were spawned by Dudley in Poland. Three people died in Germany, two in Lithuania and one in the United Kingdom. Storm Eunice was named on 14 February 2022 by the Met Office . An amber weather warning

1106-645: A waterspout was reported in Melilla , a Spanish enclave on the coast of Morocco. In France, gusts of 140 km/h (39 m/s; 76 kn) were noted on 7 November at Cap Béar, as well as 111 km/h (31 m/s; 60 kn) in Leucate and 100 km/h (28 m/s; 54 kn) in Lézignan-Corbières . The storm caused severe weather on the Algerian coast with exceptional rainfall. On 9 November,

1185-559: Is between 35 and 38.75 metres high and weighs 18000 tonnes . The dam is designed to last more than 200 years. The Oosterscheldekering is sometimes referred to as the eighth Wonder of the World. It has been declared one of the modern Seven Wonders of the World by the American Society of Civil Engineers . Four ships were custom designed and built for this project: The ships are named after various types of shellfish . The dam

1264-409: Is gesloten. De Deltawerken zijn voltooid. Zeeland is veilig. " (The flood barrier is closed. The Delta Works are completed. Zeeland is safe.) At the artificial island Neeltje-Jans , at one end of the barrier, a plaque is installed with the words: " Hier gaan over het tij, de maan, de wind en wij " ("Here, ruling of the tide of the sea, is done by the moon, the wind and we"). The Oosterscheldekering

1343-400: Is manually operated but if human control fails, an electronic security system acts as a backup. A Dutch law regulates the conditions under which the dam is allowed to close. The water levels must be at least three meters above regular sea level before the doors can be completely shut. Each sluice gate is closed once a month for testing. Emergency procedures are tested on pre-scheduled dates. Once

1422-505: Is still strengthening. After Apollo made its closest approach to Sicily during the overnight hours of 29 October, Apollo appeared to have begun to weaken as its convection waned and its low-level circulation became exposed on visible satellite imagery on 30 October 2021, on 31 October 2021, Apollo made landfall near Bayda and stayed inland until emerging over the Mediterranean a few hours later. Then, on 2 November, it dissipated off

1501-627: Is typically little warning time with North Sea storms. Comprehensive evacuation is not a realistic option for the Holland coastal region. The commission initially set the acceptable risk for complete failure of every "dike ring" in the country at 1 in 125,000 years. But, it found that the cost of building to this level of protection could not be supported. It set "acceptable" risks by region as follows: River flooding causes less damage than salt water flooding, which causes long-term damage to agricultural lands. Areas at risk from river flooding were assigned

1580-494: The Curonian Spit . Storm Corrie was named on 29 January 2022 by the Met Office . Storm Corrie prompted Amber wind warnings to be issued for the northeast of Scotland. A peak gust of 42 m/s (93 mph) was recorded on the east coast of Scotland . A wider yellow warning was issued for most of the east coast of England down to the north coast of Norfolk . In the Netherlands , the combination of Storm Corrie and

1659-564: The M62 in Greater Manchester , with the motorway shut by police while ploughs and gritters led the rescue effort. The storm closed the entire Tyne and Wear Metro network which said in statement "this is the worst winter storm to hit metro in 41 years of operations". Dozens of crashes were reported by police agencies across the UK, many roads were closed due to fallen trees, snow or ice, and more than 130,000 homes were without power on

SECTION 20

#1732783381253

1738-507: The Met Office on 25 November 2021. Red warnings for wind were issued for north-eastern parts of the UK, as well as extensive amber and yellow warnings for much of Scotland , Northern Ireland , Wales and most of England . Dangerous waves were also forecasted causing disruption to ferry services. At 17:00 UTC on 26 November, Network Rail closed the rail lines north of Berwick-upon-Tweed and LNER stopped running trains north of Newcastle. More than 120 lorries were stuck in heavy snow on

1817-560: The Balearic Islands on 8 November, AEMET predicted a strengthening for the next two days and maintained its alerts. At 00:00 UTC on 11 November, the system was again very close to the Balearic Islands. After striking the islands again, the storm then slowly weakened while drifting back towards the southeast. On 14 November, the cyclone turned northward, moving over Sardinia and Corsica, before curving back southwest on 15 November and moving over Sardinia again, while strengthening in

1896-632: The Delta Works Commission, the total costs were estimated at 3.3 billion guilder . This was at that time equal to 20% of national GDP. This amount was spread out over the 25 years that it would take to complete the massive engineering project. The Delta works were mostly financed by the national budget, with a contribution of the Marshall Plan of 400 million guilder. In addition, the Dutch natural gas discovery contributed massively to

1975-532: The Delta Works are listed in chronological order with their year of completion: 51°39′N 3°43′E  /  51.65°N 3.72°E  / 51.65; 3.72 2021%E2%80%9322 European windstorm season The 2021–22 European windstorm season was the seventh instance of seasonal European windstorm naming in Europe. This was the third season in which the Netherlands participated, alongside

2054-582: The Delta Works are part of was originally designed in a period of time when environmental awareness and ecological effects of engineering projects were barely taken into consideration. Although the level of awareness for the environment grew throughout the years, the Delta Project has caused numerous irreversible effects on the environment in the past. Blocking the estuary mouths did reduce the length of dykes that otherwise would have to be built to protect against floods, but it also led to major changes in

2133-487: The Delta Works commission pioneered a conceptual framework to use as norm for investment in flood defences. The framework is called the 'Delta norm'; it includes the following principles: The most important "dike ring area" is the South Holland coast region. It is home to four million people, most of whom live below normal sea level. The loss of human life in a catastrophic flood here can be very large because there

2212-714: The High Water Protection Program. During the execution of the works, changes were made in response to public pressure. In the Nieuwe Waterweg, the heightening and the associated widening of the dikes proved very difficult because of public opposition to the planned destruction of important historic buildings to achieve this. The plan was changed to the construction of a storm surge barrier (the Maeslantkering ) and dikes were only partly built up. The Delta Plan originally intended to create

2291-535: The Met Office would name it Franklin . Franklin would be last noted on 22 February. Franklin would be the third windstorm in a week to be named by the Met Office, the first time since they started naming windstorms in 2015 . In total, Franklin would cause around $ 754 million (2022 USD) in damages, and two fatalities in Normandy, France. In Ireland, over 29,000 homes and businesses lost power. Storm Bianca

2370-431: The Netherlands. Each turbine was 5.26 m in diameter (87 m² swept area) and rated at 250 kW for a total power of 1.25 MW. The project was decommissioned after eight years of operation in 2023. 51°38′01″N 3°42′16″E  /  51.63361°N 3.70444°E  / 51.63361; 3.70444 Delta Works The Delta Works ( Dutch : Deltawerken ) is a series of construction projects in

2449-469: The Oosterschelde and Westerschelde between 1995 and 2015. After 2015, under the High Water Protection Program, additional upgrades are made. In September 2008, the Delta Commission presided by politician Cees Veerman advised in a report that the Netherlands would need a massive new building program to strengthen the country's water defenses against the anticipated effects of global warming for

Oosterscheldekering - Misplaced Pages Continue

2528-482: The Oosterschelde needed to be strengthened. Over 200 km of the dike needed new revetments. The connections between the Eastern Scheldt and the neighboring Haringvliet had to be dammed to limit the effect of the salt water. Extra dams and locks were needed at the east part of the Oosterschelde to create a shipping route between the ports of Rotterdam and Antwerp. Since operating the barrier has an effect on

2607-685: The UK. Elsewhere in the UK, a man died in Merseyside after debris hit his windscreen and another man died in Alton, Hampshire after his pick-up truck collided with a tree. In mainland Europe, 13 deaths occurred: four in the Netherlands , two in Belgium , four in Poland , and three in Germany . Storm Franklin , known in Germany as Storm Antonia , was first noted by the United Kingdom's Met Office on 12:00 UTC on 19 February. The next day,

2686-549: The United Kingdom around 130,000 lost power. In Sweden around 40,000 households lost power, mostly in the south. Two teenagers were also injured in the southern Swedish region of Scania when their car was hit by a falling tree. In the city of Malmö, many facade panels from the Turning Torso building fell. In the Västra Hamnen (The West Harbour) area a crane from a construction site got overturned and landed close to

2765-705: The United Kingdom including London , Kent , Essex , and Suffolk . On the Isle of Wight , wind gusts of up to 122 mph were recorded, making it the strongest wind gust ever recorded in England. At least 17 fatalities have been recorded due to Storm Eunice. A person was killed in County Wexford , Ireland by a falling tree, while a woman died in London , England after a tree fell on her car; several other people were injured by flying debris and falling trees in

2844-490: The United Kingdom, Ireland and the Netherlands, as storms named by the other group of agencies were used reciprocally. This was the first year in which the meteorological agencies of Greece, Israel and Cyprus named storms that affected their areas. The naming scheme partially overlapped that used by the France, Spain, Portugal, Belgium and Luxembourg, as storms named by the other group of agencies were used reciprocally. This

2923-721: The United States. From the autumn of 2021, the names issued by other meteorological services were included on the charts of the Berlin Wetterkarte and Free University of Berlin using the prefix "int." under the EUMETNET umbrella. The following names were chosen for the 2021–2022 season in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the Netherlands. This was the fifth year in which the meteorological agencies of France, Spain and Portugal named storms that affected their areas. The naming scheme partially overlapped that used by

3002-420: The barrier, mounted on a 50 m long frame supported by the road bridge, which could rotate to lift all of the turbines out the water simultaneously. The turbines were installed in the eighth sluice channel from the southern end of the barrier, and started generating electricity to the Dutch grid in 2016. The installation was reported to have cost around US$ 12.4 million, and was the largest tidal power project in

3081-601: The coast of Turkey . Heavy rain from the cyclone and its precursor caused heavy rainfall and flooding in Tunisia , Algeria , Southern Italy , and Malta , killing 5 people and leaving 2 other people missing. The flooding was especially severe in the provinces of Catania and Siracusa , in Eastern Sicily . On 5 November, the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET) started tracking

3160-550: The coast of southern Ireland. Storm Carmel was named by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service on 16 December 2021. In Israel, a person died due to a car crash, and three more died of hypothermia, bringing the death toll to four while a man suffered serious injuries from a falling tree. Flood warnings were put in place in Israel and snow fell in the mountains. Storm Diomedes

3239-420: The coast, natural sand is added each year to allow sand to blow freely through the dunes instead of having the dunes held in place by planted vegetation or revetments. Although the new plan brought along additional cost, it was received favourably. The re-considerations of the Delta Project indicated the growing importance of integrate environmental impact assessments in policy-making. The Delta Project of which

Oosterscheldekering - Misplaced Pages Continue

3318-430: The coast. Menorca was cut off from the world after the closure of the ports of Mahón and Ciutadella . On 9 and 10 November, Blas again brought high winds and heavy rain to the Balearic Islands, causing at least 36 incidents, mostly flooding, landslides and blackouts. A crew member had to be rescued after his sailboat's mast broke, leaving the boat adrift 80 km (43 nmi) west of Soller . On 6 November,

3397-565: The dikes will eventually have to be made higher and wider. This is a long term uphill battle against the sea. The needed level of flood protection and the resulting costs are a recurring subject of debate, and involve a complicated decision-making process. In 1995 it was agreed in the Delta Plan Large Rivers and Room for the River projects that about 500 kilometres of insufficient dyke revetments were reinforced and replaced along

3476-851: The environment, fisheries and the water management system, decisions made on opening or closing the gate are carefully considered. Also the safety of the surrounding dykes are affected by barrier operations. In an attempt to restore and preserve the natural system surrounded by the dykes and storm-surge barrier, the concept 'building with nature' was introduced in revised Delta Program updates after 2008. The new integrated water management plan not only takes into account protection against flooding, but also covers water quality, leisure industry , economic activities, shipping, environment and nature. Whenever possible, existing engineering constructions would be replaced by more 'nature friendly' options in an attempt to restore natural estuary and tides, while still protecting against flooding. In addition, building components of

3555-784: The finance of the project. At completion in 1997, costs were set on 8.2 billion guilder. Nevertheless, in 2012 the total costs were already set on around $ 13 billion. The original plan was completed by the Europoortkering which required the construction of the Maeslantkering in the Nieuwe Waterweg between Maassluis and Hook of Holland and the Hartelkering in the Hartel Canal near Spijkenisse . The works were declared finished after almost forty years in 1997. Due to climate change and relative sea-level rise,

3634-444: The first season when Greece, Israel and Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean group), and Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Malta (Central Mediterranean group) named storms which affected their areas. In 2015, the Met Office and Met Éireann announced a pilot project to name storm warnings as part of the "Name our Storms" project for wind storms and asked the public for suggestions. The meteorological offices produced

3713-410: The government agreed to build a storm surge barrier. This essentially is a long collection of very large valves that can be closed against storm surges. The storm surge barrier closes only when the sea-level is expected to rise 3 metres above mean sea level. Under normal conditions, the estuary's mouth is open, and salt water flows in and out with the tide. As a result of the change, the weak dikes along

3792-563: The islands have been reported. Heavy rain was predicted for 15 October in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace and a red alert with heavy rain and severe thunderstorms in North Aegean islands ( meteoalarm ). A storm, named Hendrik by the Free University of Berlin on 16 October, developed over the northern Atlantic Ocean. Another developing low south of Ireland was called Aurore by Meteo France on 20 October. Passing over

3871-459: The meteorological agencies of Ireland and the United Kingdom (Western group). The season's storm names were released on 1 September 2021. Storms that occurred up until 31 August 2022 were included in this season. The Portuguese, Spanish, French and Belgian meteorological agencies collaborated again, for the fifth time, joined by the Luxembourg meteorological agency (South-western group). This was

3950-436: The middle of the estuary. When the construction was finished, the island was rebuilt to be used as education centre for visitors and as a base for maintenance works. The dam is based on 65 concrete pillars with 62 steel doors, each 42 metres wide. The parts were constructed in a dry dock . The area was flooded and a small fleet of special construction ships lifted the pillars and placed them in their final positions. Each pillar

4029-418: The names being used before a storm formally qualifies. Storms or former cyclones named by the other group of agencies were used reciprocally, unless the names used in other groups were not pronounceable in the local language. However, if a Northern group storm was used to overwrite another storm like Eunice, it was not added to the overall total of storms within the 2021–22 European windstorm season, as they were

SECTION 50

#1732783381253

4108-500: The national meteorological agencies of the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the Netherlands, another created by the equivalent agencies from France, Spain, Portugal, Belgium and Luxembourg. This season saw the addition of two groups in southern and south eastern Europe, grouped along the Mediterranean. As in previous years, former Atlantic hurricanes retained their names as assigned by the National Hurricane Center of

4187-443: The new Water Law ( Waterwet ), effective from 22 December 2009. The Delta Project (of which the Delta Works are a part) has been designed with these guidelines in mind. All other primary defences have been upgraded to meet the norm. New data elevating the risk assessment on expected sea level rise due to global warming has identified ten 'weak points.' These have been upgraded to meet future demands. The latest upgrades are made under

4266-469: The next 190 years. The plans included drawing up worst-case scenarios for evacuations and included more than €100 billion, or $ 144 billion, in new spending through the year 2100 for measures, such as broadening coastal dunes and strengthening sea and river dikes . The commission said the country must plan for a rise in the North Sea of 1.3 meters by 2100 and 4 meters by 2200. The works that are part of

4345-822: The next day. Aurore/Hendrik brought widespread gusts of 100 to 120 km/h (62 to 75 mph; 54 to 65 kn) from northern France to eastern Germany and beyond, reaching speeds of 175 km/h (109 mph; 94 kn; 49 m/s) in Fécamp in Normandy . Fallen trees disrupted train service in several countries. Two tornadoes touched down in the Netherlands, in Brittany (France), three possible tornadoes were reported in Plozévet , Riec-sur-Belon and Kernascléden . and in Germany, another tornado touched down near Kiel . Four people were killed in Poland . One death

4424-795: The number of dikes that had to be raised. Along with the Zuiderzee Works , the Delta Works have been declared one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers . Due to indecision and the Second World War , little action was taken. In 1950 two small estuary mouths, the Brielse Gat near Brielle and the Botlek near Vlaardingen were dammed. After the North Sea flood of 1953 ,

4503-420: The process. On 16 November, Blas turned eastward once again, passing just south of Sardinia and moving towards Italy, before dissipating over the Tyrrhenian Sea on 18 November. On 6 November, gusts of 75 km/h (21 m/s; 40 kn) were recorded at Es Mercadal and 95 km/h (26 m/s; 51 kn) at the lighthouse of Capdepera in the Balearic Islands where waves of 8 m (26 ft) hit

4582-423: The record of 472 mm in November 2011. The main roads of the island of Corfu turned into rivers, the basements were flooded, power outages occurred, small landslides occurred and firefighter interventions were required with the storm front rains preceding the system. Storm Ballos was named by Hellenic National Meteorological Service on 13 October, heavy rain and floods in Athens on 15 October and some of

4661-436: The reinforcements are designed in a way that they support formation of entire ecosystems. As part of the revision, the Room for the River projects, enabled nature to occupy space by lowering or widening the river bed. In order to establish this, agricultural flood plains are turned into natural parks, excavated farmland is used for wild vegetation and newly excavated lakes and bypasses create habitats for fish and birds. Along

4740-417: The saltwater marine life behind the dam is preserved and fishing can continue, while the land behind the dam is safe from the water. Notable figures involved in the design of the Oosterscheldekering included Jan Agema , and from 1976 the design of the project was led by Frank Spaargaren . On 4 October 1986, Queen Beatrix officially opened the dam for use by saying the well-known words: " De stormvloedkering

4819-472: The same storms with different names. This was the case for storm Eunice, which was named Nora in Denmark (and so the latter name is not listed below). All storms named by meteorological organisation in Europe from their respected forecasting areas. As well as Atlantic hurricanes and storms that transitioned into a European windstorm and retained its name as assigned by the National Hurricane Center in Miami , Florida : A depression formed on 4 October in

SECTION 60

#1732783381253

4898-444: The south of England the following night, Aurore generated very strong south-westerly winds and heavy rains from Brittany to the Grand Est in France, then central Europe as it merged with Hendrik over western Europe. An orange alert for wind was issued by meteorological services in western Europe, and even red for parts of southern and eastern Germany. The system reached northern Russia on 22 October and dissipated in northern Siberia

4977-417: The southwest of the Netherlands to protect a large area of land around the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta from the sea. Constructed between 1954 and 1997, the works consist of dams , sluices , locks , dykes , levees , and storm surge barriers located in the provinces of South Holland and Zeeland . The aim of the dams, sluices, and storm surge barriers was to shorten the Dutch coastline, thus reducing

5056-456: The storm in Scotland. In Denmark, a 78-year-old woman died from injuries sustained when a door she opened was caught by the wind and she fell. In Germany, a person in Beelitz was killed when hit by a poster that had come loose and in Poland a person was killed when a tree fell on a moving car in Wejherowo County . In the Czech Republic, a worker died after being buried by a wall. More than 680,000 people were left without power in Poland and in

5135-421: The storm naming groups, it was named Valtteri by the Finnish Meteorological Institute , while the Free University of Berlin named the same system as Nadia. Three fatalities were reported due to Storm Malik in the United Kingdom: a 60-year-old woman in Aberdeen , Scotland and a 9-year-old boy in Staffordshire , England. Both were hit by falling trees. A 32-year-old man died in a traffic accident related to

5214-453: The system organized even further and intensified, which prompted forecast offices in Europe to name the low. Italy's Servizio Meteorologico named the storm Apollo (which was then adopted by the Free University of Berlin ). On 29 October 2021, a ship in the Mediterranean Sea passed through Apollo and measured a peak wind speed of 104 km/h (29 m/s; 56 kn) and a pressure of 999.4 hPa (29.51 inHg), indicating that Apollo

5293-509: The test is passed, the shutters are quickly opened again to create a minimum amount of effect on tidal movements and the local marine ecosystem. It takes approximately one hour to close a door. The cost of operation is €17 million per year. The full dam has been closed twenty-eight times since 1986, due to water levels exceeding or being predicted to exceed the three metres. The last time was on January 31 2022, because of Storm Corrie . In 2015, five Tocardo T2 tidal turbines were installed on

5372-408: The water systems. For example, the tides disappeared, which resulted in a less smooth transition from sea water into fresh water. Flora and fauna suffered from this noticeable change. In addition, rivers got covered up by polluted sludge, since there was no longer an open passage to the sea. The projects of the Delta Plan are financed with the Delta Fund. In 1958, when the Delta law was accepted under

5451-437: The western Mediterranean and was named Christian by the Free University of Berlin . It was named Storm Athina by Hellenic National Meteorological Service on 6 October and intensified when it arrived in southern Italy on 8 October. The system then passed into the Ionian Sea before dissipating on the 9th. In central Italy, Athina caused record rainfall in Liguria with 496 mm in Savona in just 6 hours, breaking

5530-410: The worst of the effects have been felt, especially on the island of Sicily . Around 22 October 2021, an area of organized thunderstorms formed near the Balearic Islands , with the disturbance becoming more organized and developing an area of low pressure around 24 October. On the next day, the low started to develop a low-level circulation center, and moved into the Tyrrhenian Sea . On 28 October,

5609-402: Was completed in June 1986. The road over the dam was ready for use in November 1987. The road was opened by the former queen, Princess Juliana on 5 November 1987, exactly 457 years after the St Felix Day's flood of 1530, which had washed away a large chunk of Zeeland , upstream of the new barrier's position. To facilitate the building, an artificial island, Neeltje-Jans , was created in

5688-556: Was hit by another similar storm back in January 2019 called Alfrida. The storm caused damage to the Lithuanian coast as well, with local authorities calling it the "worst storm since Cyclone Anatol in 1999". The storm reached winds of 93 km/h (26 m/s; 50 kn) with gusts of 125 km/h (35 m/s; 67 kn). The storm did not cause any fatalities, but considerably damaged infrastructure and protective dunes along

5767-415: Was issued on 16 February for Southern England , The Midlands , Wales and parts of North West England . The same day, the Free University of Berlin named the extratropical cyclone as Zeynep . A red weather warning was subsequently issued on 17 February for parts of south-west England and south Wales, meaning a danger to life from flying debris. A second, rare red warning was issued for the south-east of

5846-523: Was named Elke by Germany's FUB. The Saharan dust was deposited as far north as south-eastern England due to storm being centered over north Africa and the anti-cyclonic winds carrying the sand north. Storm Ciril was named on 30 March. Also named Katharina by the FUB, it affected southern Europe and the Adriatic coast. Ciril brought snow and heavy wind to Spain, with some areas of the country reporting

5925-507: Was named by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service on 10 January 2022 and was named Doreen by the Free University of Berlin the next day. The storm dropped snowfall up to 56cm on the mountain areas by Lamia , along with heavy rainfall to Greece which caused some rivers to overflow, with winds up to 10 on the Beaufort scale . Storm Elpis was named on 21 January 2022. The Hellenic National Meteorological Service reported that

6004-693: Was named on 25 February by the Italian meteorological service, and later affected Greece from 26 to 28 February. Storm Filippos was named on 8 March by the Greek meteorological service. The storm was characterized by a cold wave and snowfall in Greece. On 13 March the lowest temperature recorded was -16,8 °C at Mavrolithari . Storm Celia was named on 13 March because of its impacts across Portugal , Spain and Morocco , including heavy rain and accumulation of Saharan dust in parts of Spain. The same system

6083-528: Was reported in Germany. and another in the United Kingdom. Around 250,000 clients lost electricity in France and 275,000 in the Czech Republic . Cyclone Apollo was a Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone that affected many countries on the Mediterranean coast, especially Italy and Libya . The storm killed at least 5 people and left 2 others missing due to flooding from the cyclone, in the countries of Tunisia , Algeria , Malta , and Italy , where

6162-505: Was the first year in which the meteorological agencies of Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Malta named storms or former cyclones that affected their areas. Storms or cyclones named by the other group of agencies were used reciprocally. The naming strategy for the Northern group (Iceland, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Sweden) is slightly different than the other groups, as names are not announced beforehand to prevent

6241-748: Was the most difficult to build and most expensive part of the Delta works. Work on the dam took more than a decade. It was constructed by a consortium of contractors comprising Ballast Nedam , Boskalis Westminster , Baggermaatschappij Breejenhout, Hollandse Aanneming Maatschappij , Hollandse Beton Maatschappij , Van Oord -Utrecht, Stevin Baggeren , Stevin Beton en Waterbouw , Adriaan Volker Baggermaatschappij , Adriaan Volker Beton en Waterbouw and Aannemerscombinatie Zinkwerken . Construction started in April 1976 and

#252747