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85-956: [REDACTED] Look up oceanside in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Oceanside may refer to: Places [ edit ] United States [ edit ] Oceanside, California Oceanside Transit Center Oceanside, New York Oceanside station (LIRR) Oceanside, Oregon Other places [ edit ] Oceanside, New South Wales , Australia Oceanside, British Columbia , Canada Other uses [ edit ] MiraCosta College , formerly called Oceanside-Carlsbad Junior College Oceanside Ice Arena , ice arena in Tempe, Arizona USS  Oceanside , American warship See also [ edit ] All pages with titles beginning with Oceanside All pages with titles containing Oceanside Topics referred to by

170-633: A Luiseño Indian village on the banks of the San Luis Rey River called Keish according to the Portolà expedition who visited in the 1769. In the early 19th century, the introduction of farming and grazing changed the landscape of what would become Oceanside. Following the Mexican secularization act of 1833 , the Californian missions were nationalized, transferring their ownership from

255-458: A family and to all over 20 years old, will be given from the Mission lands a lot not over 400 nor less than 100 varas square" (28 to 7 acres), plus "6.... pro rata ...one-half of the livestock" and "7.... half or less of the existing chattels, tools, and seed". The Act also provided for the colonization of both Alta California and Baja California , the expenses of this latter move to be borne by

340-480: A female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. Of all households 22.7% were made up of individuals, and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.33. The age distribution of Oceanside in 2000 was as follows: 27.6% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 17.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

425-430: A length of over 1200 miles. Between 1683 and 1834, Jesuit and Franciscan missionaries established a series of religious outposts from today's Baja California and Baja California Sur into present-day California . José María de Echeandía , the first Mexican-born, elected Governor of Alta California issued a "Proclamation of Emancipation" (or " Prevenciónes de Emancipacion ") on July 25, 1826. All Indians within

510-575: A population of 167,086. The population density was 3,961.8 inhabitants per square mile (1,529.7/km ). The racial makeup of Oceanside was 109,020 (65.2%) White , 7,873 (4.7%) African American , 1,385 (0.8%) Native American , 11,081 (6.6%) Asian (3.4% Filipino , 0.7% Japanese , 0.7% Vietnamese , 0.6% Chinese , 0.4% Korean , 0.2% Indian ), 2,144 (1.3%) Pacific Islander , 25,886 (15.5%) from other races , and 9,697 (5.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 59,947 persons (35.9%). The Census reported that 166,150 people (99.4% of

595-591: A second time, and Pío Pico . The last non-Californian governor, Manuel Micheltorena , was driven out after another rebellion in 1845. Micheltorena was replaced by Pío Pico, last Mexican governor of California, who served until 1846. It was not until the California Mexican era (1821–1846) that the titles to the plots of land were granted to individuals. California, now under the control of the Mexican government, opened up petitions for land grants. By 1828,

680-399: Is Victor Roy. The current city clerk is Zeb Navarro. The City of Oceanside is a full-service city. It provides police and fire safety, water and sewer services. The city has a municipal airport , a small craft harbor, one of the longest wooden piers in the west, golf courses, swimming pools, numerous parks, community centers, and extensive palm-lined beaches. Oceanside Public Library is

765-467: Is a major railway interchange for long distance and commuter rail services. Amtrak 's Pacific Surfliner provides service to San Luis Obispo via Los Angeles and San Diego . Metrolink 's commuter rail service connects Oceanside to many parts of Greater Los Angeles , while Coaster commuter rail serves northern and central San Diego County . The Sprinter hybrid rail service connects Oceanside to Escondido . Oceanside Municipal Airport (OCN)

850-482: Is a popular tourist destination, owing to its historic landmarks, beaches, and architecture. Oceanside's origins date to 1798, when the Spanish founded the village of San Luis Rey with the establishment of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia by Fermín de Lasuén . During the Spanish period, Mission San Luis Rey grew to be the largest of all the Californian missions , but following the Mexican secularization act of 1833

935-477: Is built on 12.6 acres (5.1 ha) of land with 35 classrooms totaling 54,490 square feet (5,062 m ) and can accommodate 800 students. A free, independent public charter school, Scholarship Prep, is a new TK-8th grade school which was authorized to open in August 2017 and is sited at the historic San Luis Rey Mission. It offers a full educational experience for Oceanside students. The Oceanside Transit Center

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1020-478: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Oceanside, California Oceanside is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California . The city had a population of 174,068 at the 2020 United States census , up from 167,086 at the 2010 census , making it the most populous city in the North County region of San Diego. The city

1105-632: Is mainly used as a general aviation field. The nearest international airport is San Diego International Airport , connected to Oceanside via Amtrak and Coaster rail services. Interstate 5 (I-5) travels through Oceanside, connecting to California State Route 76 (SR 76) and California State Route 78 (SR 78) within the city. Mexican secularization act of 1833 The act was passed twelve years after Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821. Mexico feared Spain would continue to have influence and power in California because most of

1190-562: Is now a local history museum, operated by the Costa Mesa Historical Society. Las Flores Estancia was sold to Rancho Santa Margarita y Las Flores . All original buildings are gone after years of neglect. The current Las Flores Adobe was built in 1865 by Marco Forster. Nuestra Señora Reina de los Ángeles Asistencia was a sub-mission opened by the San Gabriel Mission to serve the new settlers in

1275-500: Is to downtown San Diego . Together with Carlsbad and Vista , it forms a tri-city area. Oceanside experiences a mild semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSk ) that is significantly tempered by maritime winds and the cool currents off the shoreline. The average high temperatures range from 64 to 77 °F (18 to 25 °C), while the average low temperatures range from 45 to 64 °F (7 to 18 °C). The 2010 United States Census reported that Oceanside had

1360-684: The Franciscan Order of the Catholic Church to the Mexican Government. A mission administrator was appointed to each mission to oversee the process of secularization, the removal of the priests, and the selling or granting of the mission lands to private citizens. At Mission San Luis Rey, Padre Antonio Peyrí had presided over the mission for 34 years when soldiers forced his removal in late 1833. Captain Pablo de la Portillà

1445-488: The Jesuits ., The Jesuits founded a college there, which became Santa Clara University . Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo land was sold off in 1834. The padres had to buy a small strip of land back in order to avoid trespassing when entering the church. But later all the buildings were abandoned and became ruined. Mission ruins and 9 acres were returned to the Catholic Church in 1859. Mission San Antonio de Padua

1530-769: The Oceanside Unified School District , Vista Unified School District , Bonsall Union School District , Carlsbad Unified School District , Fallbrook Union High School District, or Fallbrook Union Elementary School District, depending on their address. The Oceanside Unified School District provides instrumental music programs in grades 4–12. The Oceanside Unified School District has two comprehensive high schools, El Camino High School off Rancho Del Oro and Oceanside High School off Mission Avenue. High school students are also served by Ocean Shores Continuation High School and Clair Burgener Academy . OUSD has 24 schools plus three charter schools, including

1615-571: The School of Business and Technology , and two brand new schools, Louise Foussat Elementary School and Cesar Chavez Middle School , that opened in the Fall of 2007. Cesar Chavez Middle School, which is on the corner of Frazee and Oleander, will be built on 14 acres (5.7 ha), house 11 buildings totaling 84,000 square feet (7,800 m ), and will serve 1,000 6th–8th grade students. The other school, Louise Foussat Elementary School, located on Pala Road,

1700-751: The Spanish missions in California remained loyal to the Roman Catholic Church in Spain . As the new Mexican republic matured, calls for the secularization (" disestablishment ") of the missions increased. Once fully implemented, the secularization act took away much of the California Mission land and sold it or gave it away in large grants called ranchos . Secularization also emancipated Indigenous peoples of California from

1785-720: The Treaty of Cahuenga signed on January 13, 1847. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , ending the war, was signed February 2, 1848, and California became a territory of the United States. The treaty gave residents one year to choose whether they wanted American or Mexican citizenship; over 90% chose American citizenship, which included full US voting rights. The other 10% returned to Mexico (where they received land), or in some cases in New Mexico were allowed to remain in place as Mexican citizens. Between 1847 and 1849, California

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1870-597: The United States through the Section of Painting and Sculpture , later called the Section of Fine Arts , of the Treasury Department . Oceanside continues to be known as a vacation home market. In the 2010s, several mid-rise and high-rise housing and lodging projects were completed in the downtown area, with more to come. In 2021, two large Hyatt resorts were completed, bringing more tourists to

1955-571: The padres , however, doubted the capabilities of their charges in this regard. In 1831, the number of Indians under missionary control in all of Upper-Alta California was about 18,683, while garrison soldiers, free settlers, and "other classes" totaled 4,342. New immigration, of both Mexican and foreign origins, increased pressure on the Alta California government to seize the Church-controlled mission properties and dispossess

2040-570: The poverty line , including 16.2% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over. According to the city's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: The city operates under the council-manager form of government. The city council consists of four members elected from districts and one mayor elected at large. The current council is composed of: Esther Sanchez (mayor), Ryan Keim (deputy mayor)(District 3), Peter Weiss(District 4), Eric Joyce(District 1), and Rick Robinson(District 2). The current city treasurer

2125-469: The 1840s, but all were lost by the 1850s. The United States (US) declared war against Mexico on May 13, 1846. Military action in California began with the Bear Flag Revolt on June 15, 1846. On July 7, 1846, US forces took possession of Monterey , the capital of California, and terminated the authority and jurisdiction of Mexican officials that day. Armed resistance ended in California with

2210-526: The 21 main missions, there were "sub-missions" to serve as a rest stop for those travelling the El Camino Real road connecting the missions. These small sub-missions were also lost: Santa Ysabel Asistencia was turned into Rancho Santa Ysabel (Ortega) . The church turned into ruins. Three acres of the original compound was returned to the Church. The cornerstone for a new, Mission Revival Style chapel

2295-399: The California missions. Mission Santa Cruz land was sold or given away in 1834, all 32 building looted, and the church left in ruin. President Buchanan , in 1859, returned Mission Santa Cruz and 17 acres to the Church. La Purisima Mission : in 1845 all land and buildings were sold. The church turned to ruins over time. The ruins were returned to the Church in 1874. Mission San José

2380-553: The College of Our Lady of Refuge, the first college in California. In 1846 the college moved to a new site and the land was sold. The college was abandoned in 1881 and by then the Mission buildings were disintegrating. Some of the Mission property was returned to the Church in 1862. Mission San Rafael Arcángel was looted by Governor Mariano Vallejo, the commandant of the San Francisco Presidio. Vallejo took much of

2465-527: The Luiseño called Tacayme, which contained the villages of Qée'ish (Keish) and 'ikáymay (Ikamal), in the San Luis Rey Mission area, Wiyóoya (Wiawio) at the mouth of the river, and Wi'áasamay (Wiasamai) and Waxáwmay (Wahaumai) at Guajome. The first European explorers arrived in 1769. Spanish missionaries under Father Junípero Serra founded Mission San Luis Rey de Francia on a former site of

2550-413: The Mission buildings and 75 acres of land were returned. The buildings were disintegrating, as beams, tiles and nails were taken from the church by settlers. The buildings had been leased to a number of businesses, and the premises served as a hog farm. San Fernando's church did not become a working church again till 1923. Mission San Luis Rey de Francia was sold in 1834 to private owners. But in 1846 it

2635-669: The Santa Margarita Ranch. San Pedro y San Pablo Asistencia was sold to Rancho San Pedro (Sanchez) ; today, little remains. There is a plaque in Sanchez Adobe Park that shows the former Asistencia's floor plan. San Bernardino de Sena Estancia , sold to Rancho San Bernardino , is today called "Asistencia" and operated as a branch of the San Bernardino County Museum. Diego Sepúlveda Adobe , sold to Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana ,

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2720-545: The Spanish concessions were subsequently patented under Mexican law – frequently to local "friends" of the governor. A commissioner would oversee the mission's crops and herds, while the land was divided up as communal pasture, a town plot, and individual plots for each Indian family. Without the control enforced by the Franciscan friars and the troops preventing them from leaving, the Mission Indians soon abandoned

2805-538: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, this Act placed the burden of proof of title on landholders. In many cases, the land grants had been made without clearly defining the exact boundaries. Even in cases where the boundaries were more specific, many markers had been destroyed before accurate surveys could be made. Aside from indefinite survey lines, the Land Commission had to determine whether the grantees had fulfilled

2890-500: The US Public Land Commission to have the Church get back some of its land and building ownership. Alemany asked for the return of the church chapel, clergy residence, cemetery , orchard , and vineyard to the Catholic Church. After reading a letter from Alemany, President Abraham Lincoln signed a proclamation on March 18, 1865, just three weeks before Lincoln's assassination, that restored ownership of some of

2975-542: The appointed California governors sent from distant Mexico City, who came with little knowledge of local conditions and concerns. The friction came to a head in 1836, when Monterey-born Juan Bautista Alvarado led a revolt and seized the governorship from Nicolás Gutiérrez . Alvarado's actions began a period of de facto home rule, in which the weak and fractious central government was forced to allow more autonomy in its most distant department. Other local governors followed, including Carlos Antonio Carrillo , Alvarado himself for

3060-442: The buildings became ruined. In 1859, the buildings' ruins and 42 acres of land were returned to the Church. Restoration began only in 1954. In 1838, Mission San Juan Capistrano property was auctioned off under questionable circumstances for $ 710 worth of tallow and hides, (equivalent to $ 15,000 in 2004 U.S. dollars) to Englishman John (Don Juan) Forster (Governor Pío Pico 's brother-in-law, whose family would take up residence in

3145-566: The church and put them on his own house. Now in very poor shape, the Mission church was torn down. In need of a church for the town he made, in 1841 Vallejo had a small chapel built where the original parish church had been. On June 14, 1846, the town of Sonoma was taken over by American settlers who declared a " California Republic ." General Vallejo was taken prisoner and the Bear Flag was raised. The Bear Flag flew over Sonoma until July 9, 1846, when California became part of USA. In addition to

3230-472: The church for use as gardens. In some missions, all of the other buildings were lost, and some mission buildings were divided, with a physical wall added into the mission buildings. With the loss of all support from the surrounding land and support buildings – like livestock , orchards , barns , tanning , blacksmithing , candle making, vineyards , winery , water rights , loom , Beehive ovens , carpenter shop , soap making, grain silo , in some cases

3315-540: The church ruins. In 1869 the land was purchased back and a new gothic architecture church was built on the site. Mission San Francisco Solano , the last and northernmost mission, was also the only one built after Mexican independence. The Governor wanted a Mexican presence north of the San Francisco Bay to keep out the Russians who had established Fort Ross . In July 1835 Mission San Francisco Solano

3400-409: The city was 66.4% White , 6.3% African American , 5.5% Asian , 1.2% Pacific Islander , 0.4% Native American or Alaskan Native , 0.1% from another race alone, and 3.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 30.2%. In 2000, there were 56,488 households, out of which 35.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 11.0% had

3485-667: The city's public library system, with the main branch located in the civic center. In the California State Legislature , Oceanside is in the 38th Senate District , represented by Democrat Catherine Blakespear , and in the 74th Assembly District , represented by Republican Laurie Davies . In the United States House of Representatives , Oceanside is in California's 49th congressional district , represented by Democrat Mike Levin . Residents of Oceanside may attend schools in

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3570-482: The city. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 42.2 square miles (109 km ), of which 41.2 square miles (107 km ) is land and 0.9 square miles (2.3 km ), comprising 2.23%, is water. Traveling north on Interstate 5 , Oceanside is the last city before Orange County . As the crow flies, it is roughly the same distance from Aliso Viejo as it

3655-421: The court system. In many cases, they had to sell their land to pay for defense fees or gave attorneys land in lieu of payment. Land from titles not confirmed became part of the public domain and available for homesteaders who could claim up to 160-acre (0.65 km ) plots in accordance with federal homestead law . Rejected land claims resulted in claimants, squatters, and settlers pressing Congress to change

3740-431: The death of Father Josef Barona in 1831). The first secular priest to take charge of the Mission, Reverend José Maria Rosáles, arrived on October 8, 1843; Father Vicente Pascual Oliva , the last resident missionary, died on January 2, 1848. The Mission's ruins and 44.40 acres were returned to the Church in 1865. Mission San Diego de Alcalá and some other missions were offered for sale to citizens, and some Mission land

3825-522: The direction of American journalist, historian, and photographer Charles Fletcher Lummis , purchased Pala Mission. The following year, the Club returned ownership to the Catholic Church and "saved the Chapel and a few rooms from complete ruin with a timely work of partial restoration." Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia was sold to Rancho Santa Margarita ; a few ruins are still on the private property of

3910-409: The eastern part of La Mesa. It also contained the 28-acre (0.11 km ) Rancho Cañada de Los Coches grant. Maria Estudillo was the wife of Don Miguel Pedrorena (1808–1850), a native of Madrid, Spain, who had come to California from Peru in 1838 to operate a trading business. In 1862 the 22 acres and mission ruins were returned to the Church by the U.S. government. Mission San Buenaventura in 1845

3995-460: The expulsion of all Spaniards younger than 60 years of age from Mexican territories. Spaniards could pose a threat to Mexico because Spain did not recognize Mexican independence and attempted to regain control over its former colony. Governor Echeandía nevertheless intervened on behalf of some Franciscans to prevent their deportation once the law took effect in California. Governor José Figueroa , who took office in 1833, initially attempted to keep

4080-508: The fields (even if granted) and joined other interior tribes, or sought work on the new ranchos and expanding pueblos . The number of Mexican land grants greatly increased after the secularization of the missions in 1834. Although the original intent of the secularization legislation was to have the property divided among former surviving Mission Indians , most of the grants were made to local Californios (See: List of Ranchos of California ). A small number of Indians did receive land grants in

4165-433: The friars' quarters for the next 20 years) and his partner James McKinley. More families would subsequently take up residence in other portions of the Mission buildings. Father José María Zalvidea left San Juan Capistrano around November 25, 1842, when Mission San Luis Rey de Francia 's Father Ibarra died, leaving the Mission without a resident priest for the first time (Zalvidea had been the Mission's sole priest ever since

4250-498: The headquarters of the Alta California Mission System to Mission Santa Bárbara , where it remained until 1846. Governor Figueroa issued a regulation ( Reglamento Provisional para la secularizacion de las Misiones ) on August 9, 1834, outlining the requirements for the distribution of property (land, cattle, and equipment) to each mission's neophytes. Among the provisions were that "5. To each head of

4335-530: The households 14,117 (23.8%) were made up of individuals, and 6,161 (10.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80. There were 40,259 families (68.0% of all households); the average family size was 3.32. The population was spread out, with 39,817 people (23.8%) under the age of 18, 19,028 people (11.4%) aged 18 to 24, 45,797 people (27.4%) aged 25 to 44, 40,943 people (24.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 21,501 people (12.9%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

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4420-407: The land that was the original townsite for Oceanside. A patent for the land was issued in 1883 by the federal government. It was incorporated on July 3, 1888. The city hall as of the early 21st century stands on the former Myers homestead. The town post office contains an oil-on-canvas mural, Air Mail , painted in 1937 by Elsie Seeds. Federally commissioned murals were produced from 1934 to 1943 in

4505-417: The livestock, equipment and supplies, and some of the fruit trees, to his ranch in nearby Sonoma. The Mission had been abandoned by 1844. The empty buildings were sold for $ 8,000 in 1846. The empty Mission was used shortly by John C. Fremont as his headquarters. Six-and-a-half acres of land were returned in 1855, all in ruins. Rather than rebuild, in 1861 the Mission ruins were sold to a carpenter, who demolished

4590-598: The local Native Americans . The missions were part of the first major effort by Europeans to colonize the Pacific Coast region, the most northern and western parts of Spain's North American land claims. The settlers introduced European fruits, vegetables, cattle, horses, ranching and technology into the Alta California region and to the Mission Indians . The El Camino Real (Royal Road) connected missions from Loreto , Mexico to Mission San Francisco Solano , in Sonoma ,

4675-431: The military districts of San Diego , Santa Barbara , and Monterey who were found qualified were freed from missionary rule and made eligible to become Mexican citizens. Those who wished to remain under mission tutelage (guardianship) were exempted from most forms of corporal punishment . By 1830 even those new to California appeared confident in their own abilities to operate the mission ranches and farms independently;

4760-475: The mission courtyard and more – the Franciscans had no means of support for themselves or the natives. The Franciscans soon thereafter abandoned most of the missions, taking with them almost everything of value, after which the locals typically plundered the mission buildings for construction materials, as the four to six soldiers assigned to guard each Mission were dismissed. Mission San Juan Capistrano

4845-521: The mission and its community declined. Following the U.S. conquest of California , the former mission lands were developed into an oceanfront resort and the community's name gradually changed to Oceanside. Originally inhabited by Native Americans, Oceanside was first settled by the Luiseño peoples, or the Payomkawichum . The city of Oceanside sits on the locality on the San Luis Rey River that

4930-856: The mission system intact, but after the Mexican Congress passed its Decree for the Secularization of the Missions of the Californias on August 17, 1833, he took action to start secularization enactment. In 1833, Figueroa replaced the Spanish-born Franciscan padres at all of the settlements north of Mission San Antonio de Padua with Mexican-born Franciscan priests from the College of Guadalupe de Zacatecas . In response, Father-Presidente Narciso Durán transferred

5015-536: The missions and closed the monjeríos , although only a minority of Indigenous peoples were distributed land grants, which left many of them landless to work the ranchos. The Spanish missions in Alta California were a series of 21 religious and military outposts; established by Catholic priests of the Franciscan order between 1769 and 1823 for the purpose of spreading Christianity among

5100-545: The natives in accordance with Echeandía's directive. Despite the fact that Echeandía's emancipation plan was met with little encouragement from the newcomers who populated the southern missions, he was nonetheless determined to test the scheme on a large scale at Mission San Juan Capistrano . To that end, he appointed a number of comisionados (commissioners) to oversee the emancipation of the Indians. The Mexican government passed legislation on December 20, 1827, that mandated

5185-490: The new El Pueblo de Nuesta Señora Reina de los Ángeles . As the town grew it built its own parish church which is today known as the Old Plaza Church, then called La Iglesia de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles . With Mexican secularization, the Ángeles Asistencia came in disuse and neglect. There is little physical record of the Ángeles Asistencia remaining today. The local populations increasingly resented

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5270-460: The population 97,645 people (58.4%) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 68,505 people (41.0%) lived in rental housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 161,029 people, 56,488 households, and 39,259 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,967.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,531.7/km ). There were 59,581 housing units at an average density of 1,467.9 units per square mile (566.8 units/km ). The racial makeup of

5355-557: The population) lived in households, 802 (0.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 134 (0.1%) were institutionalized. There were 59,238 households, out of which 20,486 (34.6%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 30,201 (51.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 6,947 (11.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 3,111 (5.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 3,504 (5.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 472 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . Of

5440-426: The proceeds gained from the sale of the mission land and some buildings to private parties; many started ranches. The ranches made of former mission pasture lands were divided into large land grants, thus greatly increasing the number of private landholdings in Alta California. This meant that the missions would hold title only to the worship chapel, the residences of the priests, and a small amount of land surrounding

5525-661: The provincial records of the Spanish and Mexican governments in Monterey. In 1851 the United States Congress passed "An Act to Ascertain and Settle Private Land Claims in the State of California", sponsored by California Senator William M. Gwin ,. The Act required all holders of Spanish and Mexican land grants to present their titles for confirmation before the Board of California Land Commissioners . Contrary to

5610-551: The remaining buildings and 55 acres of land were given back. Mission San Miguel Arcángel had its land sold off. The William Reed family lived in the buildings until 1848. Then the Mission was closed and began to decay. In 1859 the Mission ruins were returned, but no priest was sent to the ruins. In 1878 the Catholic Church sent priests and restoration started. Mission San Fernando Rey de España had its land sold off in 1834. Mission buildings were used as military headquarters , including Governor Pico and John C. Frémont . In 1861

5695-490: The requirements of the Mexican colonization laws. While the Land Commission confirmed 604 of the 813 claims it reviewed, most decisions were appealed to US District Court and some to the Supreme Court . The confirmation process required lawyers, translators, and surveyors, and took an average of 17 years (with American Civil War , 1861–1865) to resolve. It proved expensive for landholders to defend their titles through

5780-499: The rules for establishing land grants were codified in the Mexican Reglamento (Regulation). The acts broke the large landholding of the missions and paved the way for attracting more settlers to California by making land grants easier to obtain. The procedure included a diseño – a hand-drawn topological map – to define the area. The Mexican governors of Alta California gained the power to grant state lands, and many of

5865-529: The rules. Under the Preemption Act of 1841, owners were able to "preempt" their portions of the grant, and acquire title for $ 1.25 an acre up to a maximum of 160 acres (0.65 km ). Beginning with Rancho Suscol in 1863, special acts of Congress were passed that allowed certain claimants to preempt their land without regard to acreage. By 1866 this privilege was extended to all owners of rejected claims. In 1853, Bishop Joseph Alemany began petitioning

5950-454: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Oceanside . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oceanside&oldid=1081293179 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

6035-634: The vast holdings of the Roman Catholic missions. In 1845, California Governor Pio Pico confiscated the lands of Mission San Diego de Alcalá . He granted eleven square leagues (about 48,800 acres, 197 km ) of the El Cajon Valley to Dona Maria Antonio Estudillo, daughter of José Antonio Estudillo , alcalde of San Diego, to repay a $ 500 government obligation. The grant was originally called Rancho Santa Monica and encompassed present-day El Cajon, Bostonia, Santee, Lakeside, Flinn Springs, and

6120-407: Was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 46,301, and the median income for a family was $ 52,232. Males had a median income of $ 34,772 versus $ 27,962 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 20,329. About 8.2% of families and 11.6% of the population were below

6205-400: Was 35.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.0 males. There were 64,435 housing units at an average density of 1,527.8 units per square mile (589.9 units/km ), of which 34,986 (59.1%) were owner-occupied, and 24,252 (40.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.2%. Of

6290-673: Was appointed as administrator of San Luis Rey. Following the departure of Padre Peyrí, relations between the Luiseños and the new civilian administration hugely deteriorated, resulting in their famed refusal to work for Captain Portillà in 1835. In the late 1850s, Andrew Jackson Myers, an emigrant from Illinois, lived in San Joaquin County , but he returned in the late 1880s and lived in San Luis Rey . In 1882 Myers moved on

6375-496: Was given to ex-military officers who had fought in the War of Independence. On June 8, 1846, Mission San Diego de Alcalá was given to Santiago Argüello by Governor Pío Pico " ...f or services rendered to the government." After the United States annexed California , the Mission was used by the military from 1846 to 1862. Most of the grants were made to rich " Californios " of Spanish background who had long been casting envious eyes on

6460-551: Was laid on September 14, 1924. San Antonio de Pala Asistencia and Las Flores Estancia Pico sold off all of the holdings to Antonio J. Cot and José A. Pico on May 18, 1846. The church remained open. But on Christmas Day 1899, the San Jacinto Earthquake shook the Pala Valley , causing the roof over the church sanctuary to collapse. In 1902, a group named the "Landmarks Club of Southern California", under

6545-519: Was occupied by U.S. Army troops under Captain Frémont. Some Mission buildings in poor shape and 65 acres of land were returned in 1865. Mission Santa Inés land was sold off in 1836, with some buildings rented out by the government. The Mission had been divided with priests living in part and maintaining a chapel. Late in 1843, the Governor gave 350,000 acres to Bishop Francisco García Diego to start

6630-461: Was put up for sale, with no bids. But with the fear of being sold, the Mission started to fall into neglect. Father Doroteo Ambris, a young priest from Mexico, started to live at the Mission with a few natives in 1851. On 31 May 1863, the Mission was returned to the Church with 33 acres by an order signed by Abraham Lincoln. Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was sold to American settlers, and the funds were used to pay off Governor Pico's debt. The Mission

6715-473: Was rented to Don Jose Arnaz and Narciso Botello and was later sold to Arnaz. The church, clergy residence, cemetery, orchard, and vineyard were returned to the Church in 1862, and major changes done in 1893. Mission Santa Clara de Asís in 1836: the Mission land was sold off, but most buildings continued to be used as a parish church. In 1851 the running of the church transferred from the Franciscans to

6800-404: Was returned to the Franciscans in 1843. Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa was sold in 1845 by Pico. Everything except the church chapel was sold for a total of $ 510 (valued at $ 70,000 in 1845). The Mission was returned in 1859. Mission San Francisco de Asís had the Mission lands sold off in 1845. The Mission quadrangle buildings and courtyard were sold or leased to businesses. The Mission

6885-640: Was run by the U.S. military. A constitutional convention met in Monterey in September 1849, and set up a state government. It operated for 10 months before California was admitted to the Union as the 31st State by Congress as part of the Compromise of 1850 , enacted on September 9, 1850. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the Mexican land grants would be honored. In order to investigate and confirm titles in California, American officials acquired

6970-480: Was sold to private interests in 1845 for $ 12,000. All buildings decayed and the land was not put to use. Native people who were to get the land had fled and found themselves unable to readjust to their former way of life. In 1858 the Mission ruins and 28 acres of land were returned. Mission San Juan Bautista : the land was sold off, but the nearby town of San Juan supported the Church, so it did not fall into decay. Thus services continued without interruption. In 1859

7055-514: Was taken over by General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, the commissioner of the lands, at the age of 27. At first he gave some of the lands to the native mission workers as ordered. But later he transferred all the land and buildings to his own Rancho Petaluma Adobe of 44,000 acres in the Petaluma Valley. Vallejo laid out the town of Sonoma in 1835. He had a large plaza made in front of the old Mission chapel. But he then took roof tiles from

7140-466: Was the very first mission to have its land taken away; on August 9, 1834, Governor Figueroa issued his "Decree of Confiscation." Nine other settlements quickly followed, with six more in 1835; San Buenaventura and Mission San Francisco de Asís were among the last to have their land taken away, in June and December 1836, respectively. Mission Nuestra Señora de la Soledad land was sold and over time all

7225-443: Was thus maintained, and in 1857 returned. Mission Santa Barbara in 1835: all the land was sold or given away, but the Mission buildings remained under the control of the Catholic Church and became a parish church. Thus on August 17, 1833, Father Presidente Narciso Durán transferred the Missions' headquarters to Santa Barbara, making Mission Santa Barbara the repository of some 3,000 original documents that had been scattered throughout

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