Old Anatolian Turkish , also referred to as Old Anatolian Turkic ( Turkish : Eski Anadolu Türkçesi , Arabic script: اسکی انادولو تورکچهسی), was the form of the Turkish language spoken in Anatolia from the 11th to 15th centuries. It developed into Early Ottoman Turkish . It was written in the Arabic script . Unlike in later Ottoman Turkish, short-vowel diacritics were used.
6-823: It had no official status until 1277, when Mehmet I of Karaman declared a firman in an attempt to break the dominance of Persian : It has been erroneously assumed that the Old Anatolian Turkish literary language was created in Anatolia and that its authors transformed a primitive language into a literary medium by submitting themselves to Persian influence. In reality, the Oghuz Turks who came to Anatolia brought their own written language, literary traditions and models from Khwarezm and Transoxiana . The Ajem Turkic language descended from Old Anatolian Turkish. Ajem Turkic started to form its shape in
12-628: The Aq Qoyunlu , Qara Qoyunlu eras, and, especially, the Safavid era. Following texts are excerpts of the Qabus-nama taken from Turan Fikret's Old Anatolian Turkish: Syntactic Structure (1996): Mehmet I of Karaman Shams al-Dīn Meḥmed I Beg ( Turkish : Şemseddin Mehmed Bey ; died 20 June 1277 or 30 May 1279) was Beg of the Ḳarāmān from 1263 until his death. Ḳarāmān
18-678: The Turkish language to be used instead of Persian and Arabic in government offices. But his service term in Konya lasted only about a month. Hearing news of the approaching Mongol army, both Mehmet and Jimri fled from Konya. But the Mongols chased him, and during a clash in Mut Mehmet and his two sons were executed in August 1277. He was succeeded by his brother Güneri . Mehmet is known as
24-672: The latter released Ḳarāmān's children, except for ʿAlī, who was kept in Kayseri . Meḥmed and his brothers joined Hatīroghlu Sharaf al-Dīn's revolt against the Mongols. Sharaf al-Dīn granted Meḥmed the lands his father Ḳarāmān formerly ruled over and dismissed Badr al-Dīn Ibrāhīm from that position. Meḥmed further expanded his territory towards the Mediterranean coast and eliminated the Mongol force of 200 men in Ulukışla . When Sharaf al-Dīn
30-491: Was a Turkish principality in Anatolia in the 13th century. His father was Karaman Bey . Meḥmed was the eldest son of Karim al-Dīn Ḳarāmān , the soubashi of the region around Ermenek , Mut , Silifke , Gülnar , and Anamur . Upon Ḳarāmān's death in 1263, Sultan of Rum Kilij Arslan IV arrested his children and brother, emir-i jandar Bunsuz. When Kilij Arslan died in 1266 and Muʿīn al-Dīn Parwāna assumed full power,
36-629: Was killed by the Mongols in 1276, Badr al-Dīn attempted to take revenge on Meḥmed but was defeated by him in Göksu Valley . Next year he allied himself with Baybars of Mamluks . In May he captured Konya , the Seljuk capital. But instead of declaring himself as the sultan he supported his puppet Jimri as sultan, and in turn Jimri appointed him as vizier of the Seljuks on 12 May 1277. As vizier Mehmet issued his famous firman (decree) ordering
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