Misplaced Pages

#394605

35-765: Oppenheim ( German: [ˈɔpn̩haɪm] or [ˈɔpm̩haɪm] ) is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district of Rhineland-Palatinate , Germany . The town is a well-known wine center, being the home of the German Winegrowing Museum, and is particularly known for the wines from the Oppenheimer Krötenbrunnen vineyards. The town lies on the Upper Rhine in Rhenish Hesse between Mainz and Worms . It

70-507: A formerly independent suburb). The council was headed by a Lord Mayor, or Oberbürgermeister . Lord Mayor Heinrich Sahm , elected in 1931, remained in office, and joined the NSDAP in November 1933, but resigned in 1935. His power totally depended on Julius Lippert , on 25 March 1933 appointed as Prussian State Commissioner for Berlin. So Berlin was de facto under the ultimate governance of

105-678: A merely advisory vote in those parliaments. On the model of the two Hanseatic city-states within the Federal Republic, Hamburg and Bremen , the Berlin Senate, chosen by the parties represented in the Berlin parliament, was established to perform the functions of a state government, with each of its members heading a department, equivalent to a state ministry, and a Regierender Bürgermeister ( Governing or Executive Mayor ) at its head and one Bürgermeister as his/her deputy. In

140-905: A number of wine festivals , like the Bodenheimer Albansfest , the Guntersblumer Kellerwegfest , the Ingelheimer Rotweinfest , the wine presentation on the Roten Hang in Nierstein or the feast of the young wine in Gau-Algesheim. 49°55′N 8°05′E  /  49.92°N 8.08°E  / 49.92; 8.08 Senate of Berlin The Senate of Berlin ( German : Senat von Berlin; unofficially: Berliner Senat )

175-688: Is the RB 44 Mainz-Worms-Ludwigshafen-Mannheim. Furthermore, ORN regional bus routes run from Dalheim to Wörrstadt by way of Oppenheim and towards Guntersblum and Undenheim . Mainz-Bingen During the French occupation under Napoleon the district was part of the department of Mont-Tonnerre . After the Congress of Vienna , the area north of the Nahe river went to the Prussian Rhine province,

210-708: Is the executive body governing the city of Berlin , which at the same time is a state of Germany . According to the Constitution of Berlin the Senate consists of the Governing Mayor of Berlin and up to ten senators appointed by the governing mayor, two of whom are appointed (deputy) mayors. The Senate meets weekly at the Rotes Rathaus (Red Town Hall). The Brandenburg municipalities of Alt-Berlin and Cölln had received town privileges in

245-653: Is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde (special administrative district). In 765, the first documented mention of the Frankish village was recorded in the Lorsch Codex , in connection with an endowment by Charlemagne to the Lorsch Abbey . Further portions of Oppenheim were added to the endowment in 774. In 1008, Oppenheim was granted market rights. In October 1076 Oppenheim gained special importance in

280-815: Is the “Am Gautor” primary school . Oppenheim also has the Gymnasium zu St. Katharinen, the Professional School for Winegrowing and Agrarian Sciences, the Matthäus-Merian- Hauptschule and the Landskronschule, a special school. Appearing in Oppenheim is the Allgemeine Zeitung , with local reporting and its own offices. Furthermore, there is the weekly Rheinhessisches Wochenblatt , likewise published by

315-634: The 3rd Army under General George S. Patton managed to build a crossing over the Rhine near Oppenheim and to occupy it. The town's arms might be described thus: Or an eagle displayed sable. All town seals up until 1925 showed a crowned king's head, but for one, from 1266, that showed the Emperor on his throne. Nevertheless, the town adopted arms with this composition while still using the king's head seal. The arms have not changed since their adoption. The arms have been borne since 1609. In Oppenheim, wine

350-731: The Berlin Blockade , the Soviet sector, which became known as East Berlin (and the capital of the German Democratic Republic as of October 1949) and the three western sectors (British, French, and U.S.) were functionally separated following the attempted Communist putsch in Berlin's city government in September 1948 (a situation formalised in the Four Power Agreement on Berlin of 1971). Under

385-677: The Investiture Controversy . At the princely session of Trebur and Oppenheim, the princes called on King Henry IV to undertake the " Walk to Canossa ". After Oppenheim was returned to the Empire in 1147, it became a Free Imperial City in 1225, during the Staufer Emperor Frederick II's reign. At this time, the town was important for its imperial castle and the Burgmannen who lived there. In

SECTION 10

#1732766280395

420-536: The Prussian reforms of 1808 until 1933, Berlin (expanded to Greater Berlin in 1920) was governed by a Magistrat (compulsorily dissolved by Nazi act on 15 March 1933), which was the executive committee of the Stadtverordnetenversammlung (city council; last convened on 27 June 1933) and was represented in each of the boroughs of Berlin by a local office (usually housed in the town hall of

455-752: The Verlagsgruppe Rhein Main . Oppenheim lies on Bundesstraße (Highway) 9, which leads from the Dutch border near Kleve to the French border near Kandel . Locally it serves foremost as a link to the nearby cities of Mainz and Worms and the Mainzer Autobahnring in the north and A 6 in the south. Linking Oppenheim to rail transport is a railway station on the Mainz- Ludwigshafen line. Running on it

490-414: The 13th century and from 1307 on shared a common administration, but were divided after the elector subjected the city (following the idea of divide and rule ) and made it his residential city in 1448. King Frederick I of Prussia by resolution finally had both towns, and three later founded adjacent cities, merged and elevated to the "Royal Capital and Residence City of Berlin" as of 1 January 1710. From

525-618: The 14th century, the town was pledged to the Electorate of Mainz and beginning in 1398, it belonged to the territory of the Electoral Palatinate . In 1621, the Oppenheim town chronicle reports a great fire in which the Oppenheim Town Hall was almost completely destroyed. The Electoral Oberamt archive, too, was lost in the fire, and so it was moved to Mainz. On 14 September 1620, Spanish troops overran

560-650: The 1950 constitution the maximum number of senators was 16, then each elected by the parliament, but the first Senate had 13. Thus, following the Hanseatic tradition, the Lord Mayor was only primus inter pares as he and the senators had an elected mandate, therefore the Lord Mayor could not dismiss any senator. Senators could however be removed from their seats by the Parliament. Until 1990 all elected Mayors and Senators had to have their positions confirmed by

595-642: The Allied commanders of West Berlin. Since both the building then used as the town hall of Berlin, (the Neues Stadthaus  [ de ] ), and the Rotes Rathaus (which had been destroyed and was not rebuilt until 1956) were in East Berlin, the Senate met at the former town hall of Schöneberg , Rathaus Schöneberg . During the transition to a reunified Germany in 1990, a new Magistrat

630-720: The Berlin SPD to hold a referendum on whether to merge with the Communist party to form a unified single party of the left, the Socialist Unity Party , as realised under pressure in the Soviet occupation zone of Germany, and the members voted against the merger. This was unacceptable to the Soviets, who engineered the establishment of an alternative city council in the sector under their direct control. Following

665-721: The German Embassy in Paris on German Unity Day , as well as during the jubilee celebrations of the Berlin-Paris city partnership. Worth seeing are: Quite extraordinary is the Oppenheimer Kellerlabyrinth (“Oppenheim Cellar Labyrinth”) under the Old Town. Underground passageways, stairways and rooms link the houses and facilities with each other on a number of levels. In the heart of Old Town, near

700-616: The Nazi regime. After the defeat of Nazi Germany , Berlin was to be under the ultimate governance of the Allied Kommandatura . However, in the election of 20 October 1946, the city elected an SPD -majority Stadtverordnetenversammlung and an SPD mayor ( Otto Ostrowski , resigned 1947). The second elected SPD mayor, the devoted anti-communist Ernst Reuter , was vetoed by the Soviet commander, so Louise Schroeder (SPD) officiated as only acting lord mayor. The Western allies permitted

735-457: The Town Hall, there are altogether roughly 650 metres (2,130 ft) of cellar passageways open to visitors, which are largely preserved in their original state. It is believed, however, that what has been opened to the public is only about 3% of the total underground passages. The exact extent of the passageways is still not known with any great certainty, despite investigations commissioned by

SECTION 20

#1732766280395

770-977: The Town Museum and the underground labyrinth, is the German Viticultural Museum ( Deutsches Weinbaumuseum ) with the region's oldest wine press from the Geistermühle , a centuries-old mill in Flonheim . Everything worth knowing about wine can be found here. In the Kultursommer (“Cultural Summer”), there are regular concerts in the town's historic marketplace in front of the Town Hall. The Oppenheim Trombone Choir also gives regular performances. There are several sport clubs in Oppenheim, e.g., TC Rot-Weiß Oppenheim (Red-White Tennis Club) ( tennis ), FSV Oppenheim (Football Sport-Verein) ( football ), and one founded in 1846 that may well have

805-554: The biggest part however became part of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and was called Rhenish Hesse . In 1835 the Mainz district was created when the province Rheinhessen was abolished. In 1852 the Oppenheim district was created, and took some of the area of the Mainz district; in 1938 this district was abolished again. The current area of the district was formed in 1969, when the districts of Mainz and Bingen were merged. The main river in

840-588: The completion of reunification on 3 October 1990, the MagiSenat became a unified Berlin Senate, no longer depending on Allied confirmation. The new Senate was reduced to a maximum of 8 members, and senators are now appointed by the Governing Mayor (1995 amendment of the constitution). There are now two Deputy Mayors. The senate meets in the room in the Red Town Hall which was originally created for

875-589: The district is the Rhine , which marks the border of the district to the east. In Bingen the river Nahe enters the Rhine, after flowing a short part through the district. The flanks of the Hunsrück mountains in the west of the district to the Rhine valley are used for wine production. The southern part of the district is part of the Rheinhessische Hügellandschaft , its gentle hills and

910-680: The district. In the chief (horizontal band at the top) is the Imperial eagle , on the dexter (armsbearer's right, viewer's left) side the Wheel of Mainz , and on the sinister (armsbearer's left, viewer's right) side the lion of the Electorate of the Palatinate ( Kurpfalz ). The coat of arms was designed by Dr. Hans Leitermann of Mainz , and was granted in 1970. Beneath the typical regional carnival with parades and seasons  [ de ] in nearly every village or municipality there are

945-438: The good climate make it a farming area for vegetables, especially asparagus , and cherries. The district coat of arms might be described thus: Per pale gules a wheel spoked of six argent and sable a lion rampant Or armed, langued and crowned of the first, in a chief of the last an eagle displayed of the third armed, langued and beaked of the first. The charges in the coat of arms show the three historic states which influenced

980-602: The most members, TV Oppenheim. TV (Turn-Verein= gymnastics and sports association) Oppenheim is successful well beyond its home region in gymnastics, swimming, cycling sports and above all, basketball. Each year in the town at Landskron Castle's ruins, Saint Katherine's Church, the Kulturkeller under the courthouse square and the marketplace, the Festspiele Oppenheim (“Oppenheim Festival Plays”) take place. An Easter Market also takes place annually early in

1015-593: The new constitution of West Berlin which came into force on 1 September 1950, Berlin was defined as a state of the Federal Republic of Germany ; however, due to the Allied veto, its representatives in the federal parliament (and later in the European Parliament ) were not directly elected by the citizenry, but appointed by the Berlin parliament ( Abgeordnetenhaus ) and had no voting power, but

1050-608: The town in the Thirty Years' War . The Spaniards occupied Oppenheim until 1632. In 1688, French troops overran the town in the Nine Years' War (1688–1697). On 31 May 1689, Landskrone Castle and the town were utterly destroyed by the French under General Mélac . Until 1797, Oppenheim remained an Electoral Palatinate holding. After being in French hands, Oppenheim passed, in 1816, to the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt . It remained Hessian until 1945. In March 1945, troops of

1085-532: The town, but the length is estimated to be at least 40 kilometres (25 mi). Guided tours through this unique underground labyrinth are offered all year round by the town's Tourism and Festival Play Bureau. There are also town tours and night watchman tours. Annually, between August and October, the Oppenheimer Theaterfestspiele (“Oppenheim Theatre Festival Plays”) take place in the town's Kulturkeller (“Culture Cellar”) and at Landskron Castle's ruins. Particularly worth visiting, besides Saint Katherine's Church,

Oppenheim - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-502: The year and later in the year, the Saint Katherine's Market in the Old Town. Other regular events in town are: The administration of the Verbandsgemeinde of Nierstein-Oppenheim is based in Oppenheim. The State Office for Environment, Water Management and Trade Control, the Mannheim Water and Shipping Office and Mainz-Bingen District Vehicle Licensing are all located town. Besides three kindergarten institutions or kindergartens (of which two are municipal daycare centres), there

1155-429: Was elected in East Berlin and a Senate appointed in West Berlin, and they jointly governed as a Landesregierung aus Senat und Magistrat (state government of Senate and Magistrat, known popularly as the MagiSenat ), which initially met in alternate weeks at the Schöneberg town hall and the Red Town Hall. The Oberbürgermeister (East) and the Regierender Bürgermeister (West) similarly headed the government jointly. With

1190-426: Was given considerable publicity by Mayor Dr. Heinz Scheller after he took office in 1935: For Scheller, the only city worthy of sponsoring Oppenheim's wine was none other than the capital, Berlin . The town of Ansbach and the city of Osnabrück were also subsequently chosen. To revive this wine sponsorship and to give thanks for the commitment to the town of Oppenheim, the Governing Mayor of Berlin, Klaus Wowereit ,

1225-416: Was “knighted” on 11 March 2006 by Mayor Marcus Held, earning the title of "Wine Knight" ( Weinritter ). The sponsorship has found active expression in, among other things, the town's participation in the estate festivals held by the Senate of Berlin in 2007 and 2008. At the invitation of Berlin's governing mayor, Klaus Wowereit, a citizens’ delegation, under Mayor Marcus Held, took part in the festivities at

#394605