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62-667: The Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway ( SP&S ; reporting mark SPS ) was a railroad in the northwest United States. Incorporated in 1905, it was a joint venture by the Great Northern Railway and the Northern Pacific Railway to build a railroad along the north bank of the Columbia River . The railroad later built or acquired other routes in Oregon. The SP&S was merged into

124-695: A 2-digit code indicating the vehicle's register country . The registered keeper of a vehicle is now indicated by a separate Vehicle Keeper Marking (VKM), usually the name of the owning company or an abbreviation thereof, which must be registered with the Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF) and the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) and which is unique throughout Europe and parts of Asia and Northern Africa. The VKM must be between two and five letters in length and can use any of

186-570: A 4-person room. Four passenger coaches, a combine , a buffet-observation car, a mail storage car, and a Pullman sleeper car are preserved at the Northwest Railway Museum in Snoqualmie, Washington. Wood coaches 213 and 218 ( Barney & Smith 1912) were restored to running order between 2007 and 2019 on the museum's interpretive railway. Steel coaches 275 and 276 are also Barney & Smith products, built in 1915. Coach 275

248-614: A 611-acre (247 ha) reservoir impounded by Pelton Dam . The river is world-renowned for its fly fishing . It is home to Columbia River redband trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri ) known locally as "redsides". The redsides grow larger than most and also have a distinct darker red stripe than most wild rainbow trout. They are abundant in this stretch of the river, which has counts of 1,700 fish of 7 inches in size per mile (1,100 fish of 18 centimeters in size per kilometer) above Sherar's Falls , and they are noticeably stronger than trout who do not have to cope with life in such

310-417: A big, powerful river. The average catch for these fish is 8 to 15 inches (20 to 38 cm), and some are much larger. These redside or redband trouts are found throughout the river. Fishing for them is most popular from Warm Springs down to Macks Canyon (Warm Springs Reservation owns the entire Deschutes west bank from 16 miles (26 km) south of Maupin to Lake Billy Chinook and on up to Jefferson Creek on

372-636: A business then dominated by E. H. Harriman 's Union Pacific and Southern Pacific railroads. Construction began in 1906 under the name Portland & Seattle Railway , proceeding to the east and south from Vancouver, Washington . The work included construction of three major bridges over the Columbia River , the Oregon Slough , and the Willamette River . The northernmost of these was the first bridge of any kind to be built across

434-464: A hyphen. Some examples: When a vehicle is sold it will not normally be transferred to another register. The Czech railways bought large numbers of coaches from ÖBB. The number remained the same but the VKM changed from A-ÖBB to A-ČD. The UIC introduced a uniform numbering system for their members based on a 12-digit number, largely known as UIC number . The third and fourth digit of the number indicated

496-437: A one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers. In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included. The Association of American Railroads (AAR) assigns marks to all carriers, under authority granted by

558-700: A predecessor of the CNW, from which the UP inherited it. Similarly, during the breakup of Conrail , the long-retired marks of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) and New York Central Railroad (NYC) were temporarily brought back and applied to much of Conrail's fleet to signify which cars and locomotives were to go to CSX (all cars labeled NYC) and which to Norfolk Southern (all cars labeled PRR). Some of these cars still retain their temporary NYC marks. Because of its size, this list has been split into subpages based on

620-663: A rapid that was later named " Boxcar Rapids " after the incident. In March 1970, the SP&;S was merged into the Burlington Northern Railroad (BN). The BN was the product of the merger of four major railroads: the Great Northern Railway (GN), the Northern Pacific Railway (NP), the Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway (SP&S) and the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (CB&Q). The history of

682-848: Is at the Inland NW Rail Museum near Spokane. The Mt. Hood No. 600 is owned by the Pacific Northwest Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society and is housed at the Oregon Rail Heritage Center in Portland. These cars had a full-length antenna on the car roof. Of special note in the lounge was the push-button Farnsworth AM radio. The cars contained six single-person roomettes and three large 2-person compartments, two of them can be opened to provide

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744-471: Is in storage awaiting restoration, and 276 is in running order on the museum's interpretive railway. Combine 272 (Barney & Smith 1915) was built as a coach but later modified to include a baggage section. Wood observation car 556 (Barney & Smith 1912) and steel mail storage car 52 (Barney & Smith 1915) are both in storage awaiting restoration. Mail storage car 52 was originally mail and express car 40. Pullman sleeper Wapinitia Pass #701 (Pullman 1950)

806-590: Is next, followed by Oak Springs Creek and the White River . Below that are Winterwater and Elder creeks. Prior to 80,000 years ago, the river ran along the east side of Pilot Butte and a lava flow from Lava Top Butte filled in this ancient channel. Previously, the basalt of the Bend lava flow, associated with the Lava River Cave , had diverted the river westward to its present-day location. The river

868-657: The Burlington Northern in March, 1970. Remnants of the line are currently operated by BNSF Railway and the Portland and Western Railroad . The railroad was chartered in 1905 by James J. Hill to connect the two transcontinental railroads owned by him, the Northern Pacific (NP) and Great Northern (GN), to Portland, Oregon from Spokane, Washington , to gain a portion of the lumber trade in Oregon,

930-803: The Fall River , the Little Deschutes River , and the Spring River followed by Tumalo Creek and Whychus Creek . The Metolius River and the Crooked River are next, both entering at Lake Billy Chinook. Then come Seekseequa Creek and Willow Creek followed by Dry Hollow and Campbell, Shitike and Trout creeks, after which comes the Warm Springs River . Further downstream are Swamp, Skookum, Oak, Antoken, Cove, Eagle, Nena, Wapinitia and Bakeoven creeks. Spring Creek

992-568: The Metolius River arm) below Pelton Dam . Fishing from Tribal lands requires special permits. From Pelton Dam to the mouth the Deschutes is one of America's most productive trout waters and a top producer of summer steelhead, managed primarily for wild trout. This 100-mile (160 km) stretch of river drops 1,233 feet (376 m), carving a volcanic rock canyon 700 to 2,200 feet (213 to 671 m) deep. Fly fishermen come from around

1054-557: The U.S. Surface Transportation Board , Transport Canada , and Mexican Government. Railinc , a subsidiary of the AAR, maintains the active reporting marks for the North American rail industry. Under current practice, the first letter must match the initial letter of the railroad name. As it also acts as a Standard Carrier Alpha Code , the reporting mark cannot conflict with codes in use by other nonrail carriers. Marks ending with

1116-486: The 1920s, the SP&S used the North Bank Depot as its Portland Terminus. After the 1920s, it used Portland ( Union Station ) for their passenger station arrivals and departures. The only surviving SP&S Business car, the (second) No. 99 or " The Ruth M. " (as nicknamed by a later private owner) is in operating condition and being further restored. It was built in 1915 by Barney and Smith and reconfigured by

1178-568: The 221-mile (356 km) section from Pasco to Vancouver. In January 1908 "Spokane" was added to the railroad's name, making it the Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway. A "golden spike" ceremony was held on March 11, 1908 at Sheridan's Point to commemorate the completion of the railroad along the Columbia. SP&S freight and passenger service (from Pasco) to Portland was inaugurated in November 1908. (First & Second Subdivisions) By 1909

1240-513: The 26 letters of the Latin alphabet . Diacritical marks may also be used, but they are ignored in data processing (for example, Ö is treated as though it is O ). The VKM is preceded by the code for the country (according to the alphabetical coding system described in Appendix 4 to the 1949 convention and Article 45(4) of the 1968 convention on road traffic), where the vehicle is registered and

1302-608: The Columbia River, including the Willamette and John Day . The headwaters of the Deschutes River are at Little Lava Lake , a natural lake in the Cascade Range approximately 26 miles (42 km) northwest of the city of La Pine . The river flows south into Crane Prairie Reservoir , then into Wickiup Reservoir , from where it heads in a northeasterly direction past the resort community of Sunriver and into

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1364-682: The Deschutes Railroad and the Oregon Trunk Railway , raced to build a line from the mouth of the river to Bend. The Deschutes Railroad, a Union Pacific subsidiary, was owned by Edward H. Harriman and the Oregon Trunk was owned by James J. Hill . In 1964, on the Deschutes River, Portland General Electric (PGE) built, what was at the time, the largest hydroelectric dam in Oregon. This dam, named Round Butte Dam , stands 440 feet (130 m) above Lake Simtustus,

1426-640: The Native American name Towarnehiooks ; on their return journey they gave it the new name Clarks River . Variant names include Clarks River, River of the Falls, Riviere des Chutes, Chutes River, and Falls River. During the middle 19th century, the river was a major obstacle for immigrants on the Oregon Trail . The major crossing point on the river was near its mouth in present-day Deschutes River State Recreation Area . Many immigrants camped on

1488-682: The VKM BLS. Example for an "Einheitswagen" delivered in 1957: In the United Kingdom, prior to nationalisation, wagons owned by the major railways were marked with codes of two to four letters, these codes normally being the initials of the railway concerned; for example, wagons of the Great Western Railway were marked "G W"; those of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway were marked "L M S", etc. The codes were agreed between

1550-541: The acquiring company discontinues the name or mark of the acquired company, the discontinued mark is referred to as a "fallen flag" railway. Occasionally, long-disused marks are suddenly revived by the companies which now own them. For example, in recent years, the Union Pacific Railroad has begun to use the mark CMO on newly built covered hoppers, gondolas and five-bay coal hoppers. CMO originally belonged to Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway ,

1612-629: The bluff on the west side of the river after making the crossing. The remains of the trail leading up to the top of the bluff are still visible. In 1910, Mirror Pond was created by the construction of the Bend Water, Light & Power Company dam on the river in Bend . The dam provided the city with its initial source of electricity. The dam has been owned by Pacific Power since 1930 and still produces electricity that supplies approximately 400 Bend households. In 1908, two competing railroad companies,

1674-477: The channels can be wide and deep. Located roughly seven miles southeast of Crane Prairie Reservoir, you will find Wickiup Reservoir. Wickiup Reservoir holds a wide variety of species open to angling. Wickiup holds a reputable amount of both kokanee and Coho salmon . It is not uncommon to catch rainbow trout, brook trout, whitefish and chub. However, most anglers whether they know it or not, are targeting large brown trout. Wickiup Reservoir holds many brown trout in

1736-482: The city of Bend , about 170 miles (270 km) from the river mouth on the Columbia. In central Bend, the river enters Mirror Pond , an impoundment behind Newport hydroelectric dam . The pond extends upstream to the Galveston Bridge and is a feature of Drake Park as well as Harmon, Pageant, and Brooks parks. From April through October, diversions to Central Oregon Irrigation District canals reduce

1798-625: The city of Warm Springs and the Kah-Nee-Ta resort. The river ends at its confluence with the Columbia River , 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Biggs Junction and 204 miles (328 km) from the Columbia's mouth on the Pacific Ocean. Named tributaries of the Deschutes River from source to mouth include Snow Creek then the Cultus River , Cultus Creek and Deer Creek, which enter at Crane Prairie Reservoir. Further downstream come

1860-1020: The equipment used in these services. This may also apply to commuter rail, for example Metrolink in Southern California uses the reporting mark SCAX because the equipment is owned by the Southern California Regional Rail Authority —which owns the Metrolink system—even though it is operated by Amtrak. This is why the reporting mark for CSX Transportation , which is an operating railroad, is CSXT instead of CSX. Private (non-common carrier) freight car owners in Mexico were issued, up until around 1990, reporting marks ending in two X's, possibly to signify that their cars followed different regulations (such as bans on friction bearing trucks) than their American counterparts and so their viability for interchange service

1922-448: The first letter of the reporting mark: A railway vehicle must be registered in the relevant state's National Vehicle Register (NVR), as part of which process it will be assigned a 12-digit European Vehicle Number (EVN). The EVN schema is essentially the same as that used by the earlier UIC numbering systems for tractive vehicles and wagons , except that it replaces the 2-digit vehicle owner's code (see § Europe 1964 to 2005 ) with

Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway - Misplaced Pages Continue

1984-477: The five to eight pound range, and has also been known to produce brown trout in the mid-twenty pound range. This reservoir is most easily fished from a boat due to its depth. Most people find success in trolling lures horizontally through the depths of the reservoir. Vertical jigging in an aggressive manner can be an effective method of targeting the salmon species of the reservoir. Bank fishing offers dry fly-fishing enthusiasts an opportunity to catch fish hiding under

2046-592: The letter "X" are assigned to companies or individuals who own railcars, but are not operating railroads; for example, the TTX Company (formerly Trailer Train Company) is named for its original reporting mark of TTX. In another example, the reporting mark for state-funded Amtrak services in California is CDTX (whereas the usual Amtrak mark is AMTK) because the state transportation agency ( Caltrans ) owns

2108-529: The line was sold to Long-Bell Lumber Company and in 1956 Long-Bell was sold to International Paper . International Paper had different plans for the region, and by September 1957 the rail traffic was gone. The line from Vernonia westward was abandoned in 1958. During World War II the SP&S carried war materials to the Pacific Theatre ; new industries located along the Columbia River, taking advantage of cheap electricity from hydroelectric dams on

2170-438: The lower Columbia River . Despite legal challenges from Harriman, within a year the line had been built as far as Pasco along the Columbia River, where it connected with NP. The first section to open was from Pasco west to Cliffs (near Maryhill ), a length of 112 miles (180 km), on December 15, 1907. Operation was extended west to Lyle , 33 miles (53 km) further west, on January 15, 1908, as construction continued on

2232-584: The majority of the line and UP having trackage rights). Building this railroad included construction in 1912 of another railroad bridge across the Columbia River, the Oregon Trunk Rail Bridge , at Wishram, Washington. The 41 mile branch to Goldendale (Fourth Subdivision), the only branch line in Washington State, began at Lyle Washington. This railroad was originally completed in 1903 as the Columbia River & Northern Railway and

2294-521: The mountains. The Deschutes provided an important route to and from the Columbia for Native Americans for thousands of years, and then in the 19th century for pioneers on the Oregon Trail . The river flows mostly through rugged and arid country, and its valley provides a cultural heart for central Oregon. Today the river supplies water for irrigation and is popular in the summer for whitewater rafting and fishing . The Deschutes flows generally north, as do several other large Oregon tributaries of

2356-473: The nickname "cranebows". Other fish found in Crane Prairie are brook trout , kokanee salmon , largemouth bass , black crappie , tui chub , three-spined stickleback , and whitefish . Fly, lure, and bait fishing are popular methods, with the majority of trout fisherman casting or trolling in the channels. For the best chance of catching large fish, a boat or other flotation device is recommended as

2418-400: The obstructions of the shallows. In Lake Billy Chinook, there are fisheries for kokanee , bull trout , rainbow trout , brown trout , and several warm-water species such as large mouth bass and a very large population of small mouth bass. There are also periodic commercial fisheries for crayfish . The bull trout that are caught in this reservoir are some of the largest bull trout caught on

2480-518: The owner of a reporting mark is taken over by another company, the old mark becomes the property of the new company. For example, when the Union Pacific Railroad (mark UP) acquired the Chicago and North Western Railway (mark CNW) in 1995, it retained the CNW mark rather than immediately repaint all acquired equipment. Some companies own several marks that are used to identify different classes of cars, such as boxcars or gondolas. If

2542-405: The owner, or more precisely the keeper of the vehicle. Thus each UIC member got a two-digit owner code . With the introduction of national vehicle registers this code became a country code. Some vehicles had to be renumbered as a consequence. The Swiss company BLS Lötschbergbahn had the owner code 63. When their vehicles were registered, they got numbers with the country code 85 for Switzerland and

Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway - Misplaced Pages Continue

2604-599: The railroad had completed construction of its line up to Spokane along the Snake River (Third Subdivision). In 1910 the SP&S gained control of the Oregon Electric interurban railway, which James J. Hill and the Great Northern had acquired two years before. Under the control of the SP&S (Ninth, Tenth, & Eleventh Subdivision) , the railroad was extended southward to Eugene by 1912. The line

2666-569: The railroad in 1927, 1948, and lastly in 1959. It resides at the Chehalis–Centralia Railroad since 2017. The car will be used as "premier seating", and during dinner trains can host a private party of up to eight in its lounge and dining room. As of 2023, the car has been repainted, and is in need of further cosmetic and mechanical repairs. The SP&S Historical Society is assisting with the efforts. Two surviving SP&S Sleeper/Lounge cars are housed at museums, located at both ends of

2728-872: The railroad is chronicled and preserved by the SP&S Historical Society. The SP&S's passenger operations mostly involved hosting connections with parents' trains, such as the Empire Builder and North Coast Limited , which were combined to form the Streamliner (No. 1/No. 2). Oriental Limited , Mainstreeter , and Western Star connected with (No. 3/No. 4). However, some of these SP&S trains were named. The Inland Empire Express (daytime) and North Bank Limited (overnight) provided daily, through service between Portland and Spokane. The Columbia River Express (No. 5/No. 6) operated between Portland and Pasco, connecting at Pasco with Northern Pacific No. 5/No. 6 for service to/from Spokane. From 1908 until

2790-478: The railways and registered with the Ministry of Railways , Government of India . Deschutes River The Deschutes River ( / d ə ˈ ʃ uː t s / də- SHOOTS ) in central Oregon is a major tributary of the Columbia River . The river provides much of the drainage on the eastern side of the Cascade Range in Oregon, gathering many of the tributaries that descend from the drier, eastern flank of

2852-762: The railways and registered with the Railway Clearing House . In India, wagons owned by the Indian Railways are marked with codes of two to four letters, these codes normally being the initials of the railway divisions concerned along with the Hindi abbreviation; for example, trains of the Western Railway zone are marked "WR" and "प रे"; those of the Central Railway zone are marked "CR" and "मध्य", etc. The codes are agreed between

2914-620: The reach of the railroad. These were built by the Pullman Standard Manufacturing Co. of Chicago and delivered to the railroad in 1950 at a cost of about $ 250,000. These cars ran in the Empire Builder service (Trains No. 1/No. 2) between Portland and Spokane. Weighing 131,000 pounds and seating up to 37 (with seating for 22 in the lounge), these lounge cars allowed passengers to buy food and drinks to enjoy with comfortable seating. The Mt. St. Helens No. 601

2976-404: The river flow between Bend and Pelton Reregulating Dam , at river mile (RM) 100 (river kilometer (RK) 160). The river continues north from Bend, and just west of Redmond, Oregon . Here it passes by Eagle Crest Resort and Cline Falls State Scenic Viewpoint . As it heads north through the central Oregon high desert , the river carves a gorge bordered by large basalt cliffs. By

3038-482: The river from the mouth to Round Butte Dam . Sport fishing for spring and fall Chinook salmon occurs from the mouth to Sherars Falls. Tribal fishing for Chinook and steelhead occurs at Sherars Falls. Crane Prairie Reservoir, the first major lake/reservoir the Deschutes flows into, offers some of the best rainbow trout fishing in Oregon, with a large number of rainbows in the 4-10 pound range and some reaching 20 pounds. These trout are renowned for their size and are given

3100-525: The river's flow in the summer months. The growth of cities like Bend and Redmond also increased demand on the river's water, which is over-allocated. Because the existing canals lose about half of their water due to seepage, there is pressure to convert these canals into pipelines, a move that is resisted by many locals for historic and aesthetic reasons. Golf courses have also been an issue with water allocation. There are 13 golf courses throughout Bend, Redmond, and Sunriver. There are primarily two sections of

3162-588: The river, including the Bonneville Dam , The Dalles Dam , and the McNary Dam . New industries served by the SP&S included aluminum plants, sawmills, chemical factories and grain elevators. In 1954, a SP&S train derailed after hitting a rockslide on the route to Bend, Oregon, killing all crew members. Part of the train landed in the Deschutes River , including a boxcar, which landed in

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3224-508: The south bank of the Columbia River, from Portland through to Astoria and Seaside . This portion of the SP&S (Sixth & Seventh Subdivision) was known as the "Astoria" or "A" line. A third route on which the SP&S operated extended southward from Wishram, Washington , to Bend, Oregon , was the Oregon Trunk Railway Company (Fifth Subdivision). Edward Harriman's Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company also

3286-659: The time it reaches Lake Billy Chinook , a reservoir west of Madras , the river is approximately 300 feet (91 m) below the surrounding plateau, the Little Agency Plains and Agency Plains . At Lake Billy Chinook the river is joined by the Crooked and Metolius rivers. Beyond the dam, the river continues north in a gorge well below the surrounding countryside. It passes through the Warm Springs Indian Reservation , which includes

3348-532: The town of Keasey, and continued on to the county line between Clatsop and Columbia Counties. Several logging companies started operation in the area, and used the United Railways to some extent. However, Oregon American traffic continued to be the largest user of the line. In 1944, the United Railways was dissolved and taken over completely by the Spokane Portland & Seattle Railway. In 1953,

3410-418: The west coast. The numbers are scarce because the bulls are threatened; however, numbers have risen every year since they became protected. The lake allows an individual to keep a bull trout that measures more than 24 inches (61 cm). (This is included for a daily bag limit.) Much of the flow of the upper Deschutes River is diverted into canals to irrigate farmland; irrigation districts take nearly 98% of

3472-441: The world in the last two weeks in May through the first two weeks in June to take advantage of the hatching stoneflies , both salmonflies and golden stoneflies ( Hesperoperla pacifica ). These insects are in the river year-round; however their large adults are a major food source for the fish: artificial weighted stonefly nymph patterned tied flies are a staple for Deschutes anglers year round. Sport fishing for Steelhead occurs in

3534-447: Was building a railroad south from the Columbia River to Bend resulting in a "railroad war" across opposite sides of the Deschutes River in which each railroad attempted to sabotage the other. In the end, the railroad opened using mostly the track of the Oregon Trunk, with a short portion of the Oregon & Washington Railway & Navigation Company track, and both railroads used the route (an arrangement that still exists with BNSF owning

3596-421: Was built for pool service with the Empire Builder . All of these cars were acquired by the Northwest Railway Museum between the early 1970s and early 1980s. Preserved steam locomotives: Preserved diesel locomotives: Preserved wrecking cranes: Reporting mark In North America , the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with

3658-406: Was extended from Albany into Lebanon, Oregon and Sweet Home, Oregon in 1931. The Dollar branch was completed from Sweet Home to Dollar, Oregon later that same year. SP&S also operated a second subsidiary railroad, which James J. Hill purchased in 1907 for 5 million dollars, in northwestern Oregon. This was previously the Astoria and Columbia River Railroad, which created a route in 1898 along

3720-480: Was impaired. This often resulted in five-letter reporting marks, an option not otherwise allowed by the AAR. Companies owning trailers used in trailer-on-flatcar service are assigned marks ending with the letter "Z", and the National Motor Freight Traffic Association , which maintains the list of Standard Carrier Alpha Codes, assigns marks ending in "U" to owners of intermodal containers . The standard ISO 6346 covers identifiers for intermodal containers. When

3782-425: Was named Rivière des Chutes or Rivière aux Chutes , French for River of the Falls , during the period of fur trading. The waterfall it referred to was the Celilo Falls on the Columbia River , near where the Deschutes flowed into it. (These falls no longer exist, having been inundated by the lake behind The Dalles Dam ). Lewis and Clark encountered the river on October 22, 1805, and referred to it by

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3844-400: Was quickly acquired by the SP&S after the 1908 completion along the north bank of the Columbia River. This branch was shut down in 1992. United Railways later became a branch line of the SP&S (Eighth Subdivision). The finished United Railways line went north from Wilkesboro through Banks, Manning, Buxton and Vernonia, Oregon . At this location, the line turned west, eventually reaching

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