Oroshi ( 颪 , lit. ' down wind ' ) is the Japanese term for a wind blowing strong down the slope of a mountain, occasionally as strong gusts of wind which can cause damage. Oroshi is a strong local wind across the Kanto Plain on the Pacific Ocean side of central Honshu . This term identifies a katabatic wind .
20-598: The Oroshi wind is mentioned in Japanese poetry, including a poem which is included in the Hyakunin Isshu . ukarikeru hito wo hatsuse no yama-oroshi yo hageshikare to ha inoranu mono wo — Minamoto no Toshiyori Make that heartless woman, O mountain storm of Hatsuse Temple, crueller still!" – this is not what I prayed for, and yet ... Many versions of this poem which were published during
40-574: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Hyakunin Isshu Hyakunin Isshu ( 百人一首 ) is a classical Japanese anthology of one hundred Japanese waka by one hundred poets. Hyakunin isshu can be translated to "one hundred people, one poem [each]"; it can also refer to the card game of uta-garuta , which uses a deck composed of cards based on the Hyakunin Isshu . The most famous and standard version
60-478: Is passing through an area of maple leaves. Teika chose this poem from the Shūi Wakashū for the hundred poems collection: 小倉山峰のもみぢ葉心あらば 今ひとたびの行幸またなむ Ogura-yama mine no momijiba kokoro araba ima hitotabi no miyuki matanan Maple leaves on Ogura mountain: if you had a heart, I would have you wait for one more royal visit! ( Shūi Wakashū 17:1128) A poem by Saigyō about
80-573: The Shin Kokin Wakashū : 春過ぎて夏来にけらし 白妙の 衣干すてふ天の香具山 haru sugite natsu kinikerashi shirotae no koromo hosu chō Ama no Kaguyama Spring has passed, and the white robes of summer are being aired on fragrant Mount Kagu—beloved of the gods. ( Shin Kokin Wakashū 3:175) The original was likely based from a poem of the Man'yōshū (book 1, poem 28) by
100-541: The Edo period have yama-oroshi instead of yama-oroshi yo , but the meaning is equivalent: the poet cries out to the wind; and he compares the cold down-draft to the heartless woman. Oroshi is also a character in "La Horde du Contre-vent", an adventure book written by Alain Damasio , a french writer. In this story, Oroshi is the name of a wind mistress, she can read the wind as it is paper. This wind –related article
120-567: The Edo period . Many forms of playing games with Hyakunin Isshu exist in Japan, such as Uta-garuta , the basis for competitive karuta ( kyōgi karuta ). Yamashiro Province Yamashiro Province ( 山城国 , Yamashiro no Kuni ) was a province of Japan , located in Kinai . It overlaps the southern part of modern Kyoto Prefecture on Honshū . Aliases include Jōshū ( 城州 ) ,
140-605: The Shōji Hyakushu . A poem by Emperor Tenji about the hardships of farmers. Teika chose this poem from the Gosen Wakashū : 秋の田のかりほの庵の苫をあらみ わが衣手は露にぬれつつ aki no ta no kariho no io no toma o arami waga koromode wa tsuyu ni nuretsutsu In autumn paddies under the temporary dwelling made of rushes, my sleeves are wet with the dew. ( Gosen Wakashū 6:302) A visually-descriptive poem attributed to Empress Jitō . Teika chose this poem from
160-697: The Shūgaishō , Otokuni District is mentioned as the seat, as well as in the Setsuyōshū . As for the shugo ' s mansion, at first, Yamashiro Province shugo and Kyoto shugo were concurrent posts, so the Kyoto shugo's kogenin ' s mansion had to be allotted. Afterwards, the Rokuhara Tandai came to be an additional post, and that became the shugo as well. In the Muromachi period , Yamashiro Province
180-473: The character for shiro was finally changed to " castle " ( 山 城 国 ). Later shiro from the province name replaced the older ki as the Japanese reading for the character 城. Just from Nara period writings, it is apparent that the "area" ( 山代国 ) and "ridge" ( 山背国 ) listings coexisted. The provincial capital, according to the Wamyō Ruijushō , was Kaya Imperial Villa ( 河陽離宮 , Kaya Rikyū ) . In
200-637: The pain of love. This poem was chosen from the Senzai Wakashū : 嘆けとて月やは物を思はする かこち顔なるわが涙かな nageke to te tsuki ya wa mono wo omowasuru kakochi-gao naru waga namida ka na How could the moon make me fall into thought by saying "Lament!"? Although it is attributed to me being in love, I attribute my tears falling down to the moon. ( Senzai Wakashū 15:926) The Ogura Hyakunin Isshu has been translated into many languages and into English many times. English translations include: Many other anthologies compiled along
220-695: The provincial temple, and it is thought that these once belonged to the convent. The Kamo Shrines —the Kamigamo Shrine in the Kita ward of Kyoto and the Shimogamo Shrine in Sakyō ward —were designated as the two chief Shinto shrines ( ichinomiya ) of Yamashiro province. Yamashiro's ichinomiya designation differed from other provinces', likely due to the Jingi-kan ; from nearly the end of
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#1732801116210240-579: The rare Sanshū ( 山州 ) , and Yōshū ( 雍州 ) . It is classified as an upper province in the Engishiki . Yamashiro Province included Kyoto itself, as in 794 AD Yamashiro became the seat of the imperial court , and, during the Muromachi period , was the seat of the Ashikaga shogunate as well. The capital remained in Yamashiro until its de facto move to Tokyo in the 1870s. "Yamashiro"
260-467: The residence, Fujiwara no Teika produced the calligraphy poem sheets. Hishikawa Moronobu (1618–1694) provided woodblock portraits for each of the poets included in the anthology. Katsukawa Shunshō (1726–1793) designed prints for a full-color edition published in 1775. In his own lifetime, Teika was better known for other work. For example, in 1200 ( Shōji 2), he prepared another anthology of one hundred poems for ex- Emperor Go-Toba , called
280-528: The resident chief priest was a man, and those where it was a woman in Sōraku District . Kuni no Miya 's Daigokuden was made a temple in 746. It was destroyed by fire in 882, and the rebuilding afterwards would decline. In the Kamakura period , it came to be a branch temple of Byōdō-in . The location is in modern Kizugawa city, coinciding with Kamo . In 1925, a large number of old tiles were excavated near
300-483: The same criteria—one hundred poems by one hundred poets—include the words hyakunin isshu , notably the World War II -era Aikoku Hyakunin Isshu ( 愛国百人一首 ) , or One Hundred Patriotic Poems by One Hundred Poets . Also important is Kyōka Hyakunin Isshu ( 狂歌百人一首 ) , a series of parodies of the original Ogura collection. Teika's anthology is the basis for the card game of karuta , which has been popular since
320-586: The same poet. A quite different poem is attributed to Sadaijin Fujiwara no Tadahira in the context of a very specific incident. After abdicating, former Emperor Uda visited Mount Ogura in Yamashiro Province . He was so greatly impressed by the beauty of autumn colours of the maples that he ordered Fujiwara no Tadahira to encourage Uda's son and heir, Emperor Daigo , to visit the same area. Prince Tenshin or Teishin ( 貞信公 , Teishin-kō )
340-478: Was Tadahira's posthumous name, and this is the name used in William Porter's translation of the poem which observes that "[t]he maples of Mount Ogura / If they could understand / Would keep their brilliant leaves / until [t]he Ruler of this land / Pass with his Royal band." The accompanying 18th century illustration shows a person of consequence riding an ox in a procession with attendants on foot. The group
360-568: Was compiled by Fujiwara no Teika (1162–1241) while he lived in the Ogura district of Kyoto . It is therefore also known as Ogura Hyakunin Isshu ( 小倉百人一首 ) . One of Teika's diaries, the Meigetsuki , says that his son Tameie asked him to arrange one hundred poems for Tameie's father-in-law, Utsunomiya Yoritsuna , who was furnishing a residence near Mount Ogura ; hence the full name of Ogura Hyakunin Isshu . In order to decorate screens of
380-619: Was divided with the Uji River as the border into two districts, and each came to be assigned a shugo, so one shugo resided in Uji Makishima, whereas the other resided in various places around Yodo and such. A European geographical dictionary published in 1697, well into the Tokugawa period , describes "Yamaxiro" as a "kingdom in Japan," with "Meaco" (Miyako, i.e. Kyoto) as its "capital." The provincial temples included those where
400-438: Was formerly written with the characters meaning "mountain" ( 山 ) and "era" ( 代 ); in the 7th century, there were things built listing the name of the province with the characters for "mountain" and "ridge"/"back" ( 山 背 国 ). On 4 December 794 (8 Shimotsuki, 13th year of Enryaku ), at the time of the establishment of Heian-kyō , because Emperor Kanmu made his new capital utilize the surroundings as natural fortification,
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