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32-607: The modern canal essentially follows the route of the Oswego River , canalized with locks & dams. Three locks, with a total lift of 45.6 feet (13.9 m) take boats over what had been a steep set of rapids at the city of Oswego. This is the only route from the Atlantic/Hudson River system to Lake Ontario fully within the United States. In 2013 National Public Radio station WRVO reported that

64-406: A 25-foot-long sea monster with "two rows of sharp, white teeth." The steamer is said to have given chase to the creature and deliberately rammed it at full speed. The creature was struck by the ship's paddle wheel midway between head and tail, it spine broken. It raised its four-foot-long head, then gave a gasp as it died. The ship attempted to rope the monster and tow it back to shore, but it sank to

96-419: A near-constant 39 °F (4 °C). In summer the top 10 to 15 feet (3.0 to 4.6 m) warms to 70–80 °F (21–27 °C). Seneca lake has a typical aquatic population for large deep lakes in the northeast, with coldwater fish such as lake trout and Landlocked Atlantic salmon inhabiting the deeper waters, and warmwater fish such as smallmouth bass and yellow perch inhabiting the shallower areas. The lake

128-421: A surface area of 66.9 square miles (173 km ). For comparison, Scotland's famous Loch Ness is 22.5 miles (36.2 km) long, 1.7 miles (2.7 km) wide, has a surface area of 21.8 square miles (56 km ), an average depth of 433 feet (132 m), a maximum depth of 744.6 feet (227.0 m), and total volume of 1.8 cubic miles (7.5 km ) of water. Seneca's two main inlets are Catharine Creek at

160-570: Is 243 feet (74 m). 43°21′12″N 76°25′45″W  /  43.35333°N 76.42917°W  / 43.35333; -76.42917 Oswego River (New York) The Oswego River ( / ɒ s ˈ w iː ɡ oʊ / ) is a river in upstate New York in the United States . It is the second-largest river (after the Niagara River ) flowing into Lake Ontario . James Fenimore Cooper ’s novel The Pathfinder, or The Inland Sea

192-518: Is also home to a robust population of "sawbellies," the local term for alewife shad. Seneca Lake was formed at least two million years ago by glacial carving of streams and valleys. Originally it was a part of a series of rivers that flowed northward. Around this time many continental glaciers moved into the area and started the Pleistocene glaciation also known as the Ice Age. It is presumed that

224-562: Is home to over 50 wineries , many of them farm wineries and is the location of the Seneca Lake AVA . (See Seneca Lake wine trail ). At 38 miles (61 km) long, it is the second longest of the Finger Lakes and has the largest volume, estimated at 3.81 cubic miles (15.9 km ), roughly half of the water in all the Finger Lakes. It has an average depth of 291 feet (89 m), a maximum depth of 618 feet (188 m), and

256-628: Is no Lock O4 on the Oswego Canal. The Oswego Canal officially begins at the "Three Rivers" confluence of the Oneida , Seneca and Oswego rivers near Phoenix, New York . Lock O8 in Oswego was originally installed as a "siphon lock", which required air valves to push water in and out of the lock. It initially had issues holding a vacuum in the tank until a pump was added in 1943. The lock was converted to electrical culvert valves consistent with others on

288-543: Is questioned by historian Barbara Bell, arguing that it is unlikely that the Senecas would have returned to paint the paintings having just escaped from Sullivan's men. She suggests instead that these paintings may have been made much later, for tourists on Seneca Lake boat tours. It is known that the more visible and prominent paintings of the Native Americans, American flag, and tee-pee were added in 1929 during

320-552: Is set in the Oswego River valley. The name Oswego is a Mohawk name that means "flowing out", or specifically, "small water flowing into that which is large". James Fenimore Cooper described the Oswego in these words: The Oswego is formed by the junction of the Oneida and the Onondaga, both of which flow from lakes; and it pursues its way, through a gently undulating country, some eight or ten miles, until it reaches

352-749: Is still a Naval facility at Seneca Lake, the Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC) Sonar test facility. A scale model of the sonar section of the nuclear submarine USS Seawolf (SSN 21) was tested during the development of this ship, which was launched in June, 1995. There is a YSI EMM-2500 Buoy Platform located in the north end of Seneca Lake roughly in the center. Its coordinates are: latitude: 42°41'49.99"N, longitude: 76°55'29.93"W. The buoy has cellular modem communications and measures wind speed and direction, relative humidity, air temperature, barometric pressure, light intensity , and

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384-664: The Erie Canal to Lake Ontario. This section of the canal was completed in 1827, two years after completion of the Erie Canal. In 1917, as part of a general overhaul of the canal system, the Oswego Canal was deepened and refurbished. The canal is now 14 feet (4.3 m) deep and has an overhead clearance of 20 feet (6.1 m). The Oswego River was listed as a Great Lakes Areas of Concern in The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement between

416-546: The Finger Lakes Underwater Preserve Association . The lake is a popular fishing destination. Fish species in the lake include lake trout , rainbow trout , brown trout , landlocked salmon , largemouth bass , smallmouth bass , northern pike , pickerel , and yellow perch . In July 1900, newspaper reports carried reports that on the evening of 14 July 1899, the steamboat Otetiani, carrying several dozen passengers, encountered

448-615: The Seneca nation of Native Americans . At the north end of Seneca Lake is the city of Geneva, New York , home of Hobart and William Smith Colleges and the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station , a division of Cornell University . At the south end of the lake is the village of Watkins Glen, New York , famed for auto racing (hosting Watkins Glen International racetrack) and waterfalls . Due to Seneca Lake's unique macroclimate it

480-523: The Finger Lakes Region to the outside world. Steamships, barges and ferries quickly became Seneca Lake's ambassadors of commerce and trade. The former, short Crooked Lake Canal linked Seneca Lake to Keuka Lake . Numerous canal barges sank during operations and rest on the bottom of the lake. A collection of barges at the southwest end of the lake, near the village of Watkins Glen , is being preserved and made accessible for scuba diving by

512-567: The Finger Lakes were created by many advances and retreats of massive glaciers that were up to 2 miles thick. Over 200 years ago, there were Iroquois villages on Seneca Lake's surrounding hillsides. During the American Revolutionary War , their villages, including Kanadaseaga ("Seneca Castle"), were wiped out during the 1779 Sullivan Expedition . After the war, the Iroquois were forced to cede their land when Britain

544-797: The New York State Canal System in 1968. Distance is based on position markers from an interactive canal map provided online by the New York State Canal Corporation and may not exactly match specifications on signs posted along the canal. Mean surface elevations are comprised from a combination of older canal profiles and history books as well as specifications on signs posted along the canal. The margin of error should normally be within 6 inches (15 cm). (downstream/north) (upstream/south) (downstream/north) All surface elevations are approximate. Note: The mean surface elevation of Lake Ontario

576-479: The Seneca Guns, Lake Drums, or Lake Guns, and these types of phenomena are known elsewhere as skyquakes . The term Lake Guns originated in the short story " The Lake Gun " by James Fenimore Cooper in 1851. There is no explanation that takes into account sounds the Iroquois heard before Cooper's time; it is possible sonic booms have been mistaken for natural sounds in modern days. The east side of Seneca Lake

608-588: The Sullivan Sesquicentennial. There are two mistakes in these 1929 additions: firstly the Native Americans in the Seneca Region used longhouses and not tee-pees, and secondly the flag is displayed pointing to the left which is never to be done on a horizontal surface. Seneca Lake is also the site of strange and currently unexplained cannon-like booms and shakes that are heard and felt in the surrounding area. They are known locally as

640-485: The United States and Canada until it was formally removed on July 21, 2006. The river is known for its steelhead run in the early spring , followed by a salmon run in early autumn . The river is stocked annually by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation with 140,000 Chinook salmon and 20,000 steelhead. Seneca Lake, New York Seneca Lake is the largest of

672-512: The bottom of Seneca Lake. A report sometime later in the Geneva Gazette suggested that the incident was a hoax. The painted rocks located at the southern end of the lake on the eastern cliff face depict an American flag , tee-pee , and several Native Americans. The older paintings, located on the bottom of the cliff, were said to have been drawn in 1779 after the Senecas escaped men from John Sullivan's campaign. However, this account

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704-435: The dimensions are 328 feet (100 m) long and 45 feet (14 m) wide with a minimum 12-foot (3.7 m) depth of water over the miter sills at the upstream gates upon lift. They can accommodate a vessel up to 300 feet (91 m) long and 43.5 feet (13.3 m) wide. Overall sidewall height will vary by lock, ranging between 28 and 61 feet (8.5 and 18.6 m) depending on the lift and navigable stages. Note: There

736-584: The glacial Finger Lakes of the U.S. state of New York , and the deepest glacial lake entirely within the state. It is promoted as the lake trout capital of the world, and is host of the National Lake Trout Derby. Because of its depth and relative ease of access, the US Navy uses Seneca Lake to perform test and evaluation of equipment ranging from single element transducers to complex sonar arrays and systems. The lake takes its name from

768-507: The lake used for powering an 8,000-machine operation which the company argued had no legal basis and would challenge in court in a press statement. Viticulture and winemaking in the area date back to the 19th century, with the foundation of the Seneca Lake Wine Company in 1866 marking the first major winery in the area. The modern era of wine production began in the 1970s with the establishment of several wineries and

800-691: The margin of a sort of natural terrace, down which it tumbles some ten or fifteen feet, to another level, across which it glides with the silent, stealthy progress of deep water, until it throws its tribute into the broad receptacle of the Ontario. The Oswego River starts at the confluence of the Oneida River (flowing from Oneida Lake ) and the Seneca River (flowing from Seneca Lake , Cayuga Lake , and Montezuma Marsh ). The river drains an area of 5,122 square miles (13,266 km ), as large as

832-586: The passage of the New York Farm Winery Act of 1976 . The region was established as an American Viticultural Area in 1988. Seneca Lake Wine Trail hosts many events on and around the lake including the annual winter 'Deck the Halls' event, at which local wineries showcase their vintages. The Elmira & Seneca Lake Railway opened for operation on 19 June 1900 from Horseheads, New York to Seneca Lake. An active railroad track still runs along

864-504: The southern end and the Keuka Lake Outlet . Seneca Lake lets out into the Seneca River / Cayuga-Seneca Canal , which joins Seneca and Cayuga Lakes at their northern ends. It is fed by underground springs and replenished at a rate of 328,000 gallons (1240 m³) per minute. These springs keep the water moving in a circular motion, giving it little chance to freeze over. Because of Seneca Lake's great depth its temperature remains

896-651: The states of Rhode Island and Delaware together, comprising most of the Finger Lakes region of upstate New York. At its mouth at Lake Ontario, the river divides the City of Oswego , just as it divides the City of Fulton 11 miles upstream. Part of its length the Oswego Canal was built. The Oswego River also serves as a part of the New York State Canal System , providing a route from

928-475: The volume of shipping had been increasing, for several years, averaging about 80-120 vessels, per year. It attributed the increase to change in neighboring Canada 's protection for shipping grain grown in Canada. The following list of locks is provided for the current canal, from south to north. There are a total of 7 locks on the Oswego Canal. All locks on the New York State Canal System are single-chamber;

960-421: The water's depth and temperature, conductivity, turbidity , and chlorophyll-a levels. The buoy was initially deployed in June 2006. The water depth where it is located is about 200 feet (61 m). On June 30, 2022, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation denied a request for an air permit for a natural gas power plant owned by Greenidge Generation , a bitcoin mining company, on

992-409: Was defeated. Their millions of acres were sold and some lands in this area were granted to veterans of the army in payment for their military service. A slow stream of European-American settlers began to arrive circa 1790. Initially the settlers were without a market nearby or a way to get their crops to market. The settlers' isolation ended in 1825 with the opening of the Erie Canal . The canal linked

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1024-477: Was once home to a military training ground called Sampson Naval Base, primarily used during World War II. It became Sampson Air Force Base during the Korean War and was used for basic training . After Sampson AFB closed, the airfield remained as Seneca Army Airfield but was closed in 2000. The training grounds of Sampson have since been converted to a civilian picnic area called Sampson State Park . There

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