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29-574: Otterspool Promenade is a riverside walk and accompanying area of parkland in the Aigburth and Grassendale districts of Liverpool , England. The promenade runs along the bank of the River Mersey from just north of Garston Docks to Otterspool Park. A narrower footpath and cycling lane continue north along the riverbank to the city centre, ending at the Albert Dock . The promenade adjoins

58-436: A hill). The rounded peaks of hills results from the diffusive movement of soil and regolith covering the hill, a process known as downhill creep . Various names may be used to describe types of hills, based on appearance and method of formation. Many such names originated in one geographical region to describe a type of hill formation particular to that region, though the names are often adopted by geologists and used in

87-656: A mountain is usually defined in the UK and Ireland as any summit at least 2,000 feet or 610 meters high, while the UK government's Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 defined mountainous areas (for the purposes of open access legislation) as areas above 600 meters (1,969 feet). Some definitions include a topographical prominence requirement, typically 100 feet (30.5 m) or 500 feet (152.4 m). In practice, mountains in Scotland are frequently referred to as "hills" no matter what their height, as reflected in names such as

116-466: A mountain. Geographers historically regarded mountains as hills greater than 1,000 feet (304.8 meters) above sea level . In contrast, hillwalkers have tended to regard mountains as peaks 2,000 feet (610 m) above sea level. The Oxford English Dictionary also suggests a limit of 2,000 feet (610 m) and Whittow states "Some authorities regard eminences above 600 m (1,969 ft) as mountains, those below being referred to as hills." Today,

145-536: A much smaller force entrenched on the hill top. Battles for the possession of high ground have often resulted in heavy casualties to both sides, such as the 1969 Battle of Hamburger Hill during the Vietnam War , the Battle of Stalingrad and Battle of Peleliu during World War II , and the 1969 Kargil War between India and Pakistan. The Great Wall of China is an enduring example of hilltop fortification. It

174-454: A wider geographical context. These include: Many settlements were originally built on hills, either to avoid floods (particularly if they were near a large body of water), for defense (since they offer a good view of the surrounding land and require would-be attackers to fight uphill), or to avoid densely forested areas. For example, Ancient Rome was built on seven hills , helping to protect it from invaders. Some settlements, particularly in

203-939: Is a hybrid place-name : the first part of the name is from Old Norse eik meaning " oak tree " (which is found in Eikton in Cumbria and Eakring in Nottinghamshire ) and Old English beorg or berg meaning hill but as there is no real hill in Aigburth the sense here is more likely to be rising ground . Beorg or berg is more usually rendered -borough (as in Barlborough in Derbyshire ) or more rarely as -barrow (as in Backbarrow in Cumbria). The name

232-436: Is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit , and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as mountains . Hills fall under the category of slope landforms . The distinction between a hill and a mountain is unclear and largely subjective, but a hill is universally considered to be not as tall, or as steep as

261-438: Is also situated in the area, at the bottom of Southwood Road. South Liverpool F.C. , Liverpool Cricket Club , a regular home venue of Lancashire County Cricket Club , and Sefton Park Cricket Club , are located in Aigburth. St Margaret's Cricket and Community Sports Centre houses Respect 4 All , an official charity of Liverpool Football Club offering free football sports coaching for the disabled. Hill A hill

290-463: Is bordered by Toxteth and Dingle to the north, Mossley Hill to the east, and Grassendale to the south, with the River Mersey forming its western boundary. Historically a part of Lancashire , Aigburth is mainly residential and covers an area following Aigburth Road (A561) and the areas either side of it until it reaches Grassendale . The suburb is to the south of Sefton Park and adjoins Otterspool Park, which leads to Otterspool Promenade on

319-544: Is covered by the Liverpool City Council wards of Aigburth and Mossley Hill . The current councillors are Dave Antrobus and Rob McAllister-Bell. The Aigburth Park halls of residence of Liverpool Hope University are located close to the railway line on St Michael's Road. Up towards Mossley Hill are the former University of Liverpool Carnatic Halls of Residence built in between Elmswood and Carnatic Roads. These are closed, pending redevelopment. On

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348-539: Is occasionally seen as an alternative (if incorrect) spelling today. The area was previously part of the Mossley Hill parliamentary constituency and, as such, returned David Alton (now Lord Alton of Liverpool) for many years. It is now part of the Liverpool Riverside constituency and returned Louise Ellman as MP in the 2005 and 2010 general elections. The current MP is Kim Johnson . The area

377-564: Is popular in hilly areas such as the English Peak District and the Scottish Highlands . Many hills are categorized according to relative height or other criteria and feature on lists named after mountaineers, such as Munros (Scotland) and Wainwrights (England). Specific activities such as " peak bagging " (or "Munro bagging") involve climbing hills on these lists with the aim of eventually climbing every hill on

406-602: The Cuillin Hills and the Torridon Hills . In Wales, the distinction is more a term of land use and appearance and has nothing to do with height. For a while, the US defined a mountain as being 1,000 feet (304.8 m) or more tall. Any similar landform lower than this height was considered a hill. The United States Geological Survey , however, has concluded that these terms do not in fact have technical definitions in

435-844: The Mersey . Housing in the district is mostly a mixture of terraced and semi detached homes, with large detached houses (mostly converted into flats or hotels) in Aigburth Drive overlooking Sefton Park and modern estates containing detached and semi detached houses in the Riverside Drive area. Lark Lane (between Aigburth Road and Sefton Park) is a lively place with many independent shops, restaurants and bars. The Guardian published an article about Aigburth in 2007 in its 'Let's move to ...' series. The name Aigburth comes from Old Norse eik and berg , meaning oak-tree hill . The name can be interpreted as " hill where oak trees grow" and

464-596: The 1775 Battle of Bunker Hill (which was actually fought on Breed's Hill ) in the American War of Independence ; and Cemetery Hill and Culp's Hill in the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg , the turning point of the American Civil War . The Battle of San Juan Hill in the 1898 Spanish–American War won the Americans control of Santiago de Cuba but only after suffering from heavy casualties inflicted by

493-528: The Middle East, are located on artificial hills consisting of debris (particularly mudbricks ) that has accumulated over many generations. Such a location is known as a " tell ". In Northern Europe , many ancient monuments are sited in heaps. Some of these are defensive structures (such as the hillforts of the Iron Age ), but others appear to have hardly any significance. In Britain, many churches at

522-693: The US. The Great Soviet Encyclopedia defined "hill" as an upland with a relative height of up to 200 m (660 ft). A hillock is a small hill. Other words include knoll and (in Scotland, Northern Ireland and northern England) its variant, knowe. Artificial hills may be referred to by a variety of technical names, including mound and tumulus . Hills may form through geomorphic phenomena : faulting , erosion of larger landforms such as mountains and movement and deposition of sediment by glaciers (notably moraines and drumlins or by erosion exposing solid rock which then weathers down into

551-418: The city's fog and civil engineering projects today famous as tourist attractions such as the cable cars and Lombard Street . Hills provide important advantages to an army that controls their heights, giving them an elevated view and firing position and forcing an opposing army to charge uphill to attack a fort or other position. They may also conceal forces behind them, allowing a force to lie in wait on

580-457: The creation of a children's playground. The renovations were opened in 2007 with a plaque commemorating Liverpool's 800th anniversary. After several years of campaigning by skateboarders, rollerbladers, and BMXers, the promenade had a concrete skate park installed, which was completed in May 2015. To the north of the promenade on the riverbank was the 1984 International Garden Festival site. Toward

609-510: The crest of a hill, using that crest for cover, and firing on unsuspecting attackers as they broach the hilltop. As a result, conventional military strategies often demand possession of high ground. Because of their strategic and tactical values, hills have been the site of many notable battles, such as the Battle of Alesia in 52 BC and the first recorded military conflict in Scotland, the Battle of Mons Graupius in AD 83. Modern era conflicts include

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638-515: The end of the Otterpool promenade stands the Sitting Bull sculpture by Dhruva Mistry , commissioned for the 1984 International Garden Festival. This Merseyside location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Aigburth Aigburth ( / ˈ ɛ ɡ b ər θ / ) is a suburb of Liverpool , England. Located to the south of the city, it

667-575: The former private parkland estates of Cressington Park, Fulwood Park and Grassendale Park. It is notable for the excellent views it gives of shipping in the Mersey and over the river to the Wirral . Opened in 1950, it was built by landscaping a site that had been used for disposal of household waste, and for spoil from excavation of the Queensway tunnel under the Mersey in the 1920s. The stated desire of

696-434: The local authorities was, "Firstly... provide a place where the citizens of Liverpool can enjoy their leisure in pleasant surroundings on the banks of the Mersey estuary. Secondly... for providing a large area where the essential need to the community for the disposal of its refuse could be met economically and by the use of hygienic and up-to-date methods." Renovations of the promenade were undertaken in 2006 and 2007, including

725-578: The piece of land between Mossley Hill Road and Barkhill Road is the IM Marsh Campus of Liverpool John Moores University , where the Faculty of Education, Health and Community is based. Secondary schools in Aigburth include St Margaret's Church of England Academy and Auckland College , a private school for ages 5–18. State primary schools in Aigburth are Sudley Infants and Sudley Juniors as well as St Michael-in-the-Hamlet Primary . Prior to

754-616: The reorganisation of secondary education in Liverpool in the 1980s, Aigburth was also home to Aigburth Vale Comprehensive School for Girls, formerly Aigburth Vale High School for Girls, which merged with Quarry Bank School to form Calderstones School . The area is served by Aigburth railway station on the Northern Line of the Merseyrail network, located some distance from larger residential areas. St Michaels railway station

783-500: The tops of hills are thought to have been built on the sites of earlier pagan holy places. The Washington National Cathedral in Washington, D.C. has followed this tradition and was built on the highest hill in that city. Some cities' hills are culturally significant in their foundation, defense, and history. In addition to Rome, hills have played a prominent role in the history of San Francisco , with its hills being central to

812-716: Was also recorded as Eikberei in an undated record. A possible other meaning of Aigburth is Aiges' Berth, meaning the place where the Viking Aiges berthed his long boat. This is plausible because Aigburth is right on the Merseyside river mouth and not on a hill. The nearby hill has a Viking name Toxteth, which means the camp of Toces. The spelling Aigburgh (or, more rarely, Aighburgh ) is sometimes found in old publications and historical documents (for example, S. Lewis , A Topographical Dictionary of England (1848)), as well as in modern references to former residents and

841-469: Was built on hilltops to help defend against invaders from the north, such as Mongols . Hillwalking is a British English term for a form of hiking which involves the ascent of hills. The activity is usually distinguished from mountaineering as it does not involve ropes or technically difficult rock climbing , although the terms mountain and hill are often used interchangeably in Britain. Hillwalking

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