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27-603: In the 19th century the island was the capital of the Diapontia Islands municipality, which also included nearby islands of Ereikoussa , Mathraki , islets and rocks of Diakopo, Diaplo, Karavi, Kastrino, Leipso, Ostrako, Plaka, Plateia and Tracheia. Othonoi is about 47 nautical miles from Santa Maria di Leuca cape, Italy. The first name according to ancient texts (Hesychius, 3rd cent. BC) was "Othronos" (Ὀθρωνός), "Othronoi" (Ὀθρωνοί) and by Procopius seems to be "Othonē" (Ὀθωνή) (6th c.). According to Pliny (1st cent.), it

54-564: A heliport for emergencies. Asphalt roads are available on many parts of the island, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) of which are extended to settlements. There is complete electrification and a telephone network with Internet access. Ereikoussa Erikoussa ( Greek : Ερεικούσσα ) is an island and a former community of the Ionian Islands , Greece . It is one of the Diapontian Islands ; an island complex to

81-675: A high content of high-quality oil, which is common in all the Ionian Islands . It was densely planted during Venetian rule , so most are aged 300–400 years exceeding a height of 7 metres (23 ft). There are cypresses and fruit trees on almost all mountain slopes. The tall mulberry (or Skamnia) and fig (or Skeria) are found in nearly all districts and gardens that host many species of fruit and vegetables, and features large cabbage called by Othoniotes cramps , as in Cyprus . Most houses have, instead of tents or sheds, pergolas with vines or pergoulies. Oregano , sage and many other herbs. Othonoi

108-479: A large cave there. Odysseus fell in love with her, and remained there seven years as her prisoner. Maps of geographers like Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville , Philipp Clüver , Petrus Bertius , and Aaron Arrowsmith , refer to Ogygia as an island northwest of Corfu , Greece. Some evidence in favor of this legend appears in the same writings of Homer. He described a strong scent of cypress on Ogygia, and many cypress trees grow on Othonoi. Shortly after leaving

135-457: Is 16.7 °C. About 1026 mm of precipitation falls annually. A dialect is spoken resembling that of Corfu and having similar prosody. It is heavily influenced by Italian. The island is accessible by boat with regular services from Corfu port and Agios Stefanos Avliotes . There is a port in Avlakia district (with fishing port), for several small private yachts and boats.The island has

162-400: Is 3.65 square kilometres (1 sq mi). The municipal unit has an area of 4.449 km . It has six settlements; the main one is Porto (Πόρτο), which is also where the only port is located. The island has dense vegetation and three beaches; Porto (Πόρτο), Bragini (Μπραγκίνι), and Fiki (Φύκι). The name Ereikoussa derives from the plant ereíki (ερείκη), which can be found throughout

189-409: Is divided into two regions which are Ano Panta ( Greek : Άνω Πάντα ) and Kato Panta ( Greek : Κάτω Πάντα ). There are more than 20 settlements. Most beaches on the island are accessible by boat, including Ammos, Molos, Kamini, Kanoula, Kontoskes, Rogi, Fyki, Xilosermi, and Aspri Ammos. It is a well-known island for underwater photography because of the peculiar geomorphology of the seabed and

216-506: Is the first migratory bird station in southeastern Europe from Libya , especially for turtle doves . There are also grouse and snipe (xilokotes) during the winter months, and Petritis falcons , the European bee-eater birds, martins , ravens and several species of eagles . There are several hares and rabbits . The most common species of reptile is the viper ( Vipera ammodytes or astritis). Marine mammals have been observed off

243-457: Is the presence of barnacles and sea urchins . Zooplankton is in small coves of the island and especially in seaweed is abundant at night, and when the sea is calm, the plankton illuminates the sea bed. The climate of Othonoi is mild and generally warm and temperate. The winters are rainier than the summers. The Köppen-Geiger climate classification is Csa. The average temperature in Othonoi

270-637: The Albanian name is Strakëna , which may be a cognate of it that ultimately derives from reconstructed Doric Greek Ostrakonásion ( Οστρακονάσιον ). A second etymological approach for the latter, is that it derives from the plural of the Greek adjective ostrakinón (οστρακινόν), which is ostrakiná (οστρακινά); likely expressing a quality of the island. Nowadays the Othonians living in Corfu sometimes call

297-546: The Kingdom of Greece , the Ionian Islands including the Diapontian islands passed definitively to Greek sovereignty on 21 May. From 1869 until 1912 Othonoi, Ereikousa and Mathraki formed the municipality of Dimos Diapontion with Othonoi as capital. On 29 December 1940, the Greek submarine Protefs sank in the sea area of Othonoi. The submarine had attacked an Italian convoy carrying ammunition to Vlorë . After sinking

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324-598: The New and elegant General Atlas Comprising all Discoveries to the Present Time. Later editions of the atlas were published in 1805, 1812, and 1819. The 1804 and 1812 editions are digitized in the David Rumsey map collection. Arrowsmith's 1808 map of the western and eastern hemisphere was updated, corrected and enlarged by James Gardner in 1825. A careful comparison of this left this writer spellbound both by

351-518: The engraver and William Faden . He became Hydrographer to the Prince of Wales c.  1810 and subsequently to the King in 1820. In January 1790 he made himself famous by his large chart of the world on Mercator projection . Four years later he published another large map of the world on the globular projection , with a companion volume of explanation. Improperly called "Arrowsmith's projection,"

378-573: The USA) because of the unemployment and few exploitable resources (1900–1960). The main work was olive and olive oil production. Most men of that time were involved in nautical professions (sailor, bosun, carpenter, captain, skipper, etc.) and worked on commercial and warships which were operating in every part of the earth. The main occupations of current residents are tourism, construction, fishing, and olive production. Previously, there has been significant cultivation of vines, beekeeping and livestock. Othonoi

405-539: The coverage of Arrowsmith's map, and by the quality of Gardner's modifications, including his notes documenting subsequent exploration. — David L. Walker, 2014 He left two sons, Aaron and Samuel , the elder of whom was the compiler of the Eton Comparative Atlas , of a Biblical atlas , and of various manuals of geography. Aaron Arrowsmith the elder was responsible for organising the volume of maps for Rees's Cyclopædia , 1802–19. The business

432-483: The globular projection used by Arrowsmith was invented by Giovan Battista Nicolosi , of Paternò, Sicily, in 1660, while Arrowsmith did not use it until 1794. The maps of North America (1796) and Scotland (1807) are the most celebrated of his many later productions. In 1804, 63 maps drawn by Arrowsmith and Samuel Lewis of Philadelphia (publisher of William Clark 's manuscript map of the Northwest) were published in

459-540: The island "Pera" ("Πέρα" meaning: beyond), as the island is located beyond Corfu. At the beginning of the second millennium, the island was conquered alternatively by the Franks (the 11th century) and the Venetians (12th century), and often attacked by pirates of Barbary and Algeria . From the end of 1383 until 1386 the domination of Corfu was held by Charles III of Naples . In a letter from April 19, 1383, he granted

486-625: The island on a raft, Odysseus is shipwrecked on the island of Scheria , known today as Corfu. This implies that the two mythical islands were separated by a relatively short distance, and indeed, the islands of Othonoi and Corfu are separated by a relatively short distance. According to Hesychius, after the Trojan War , Elephenor , king of Avantes, fled from Euboea to the island after the fall of Troy , to atone as he had killed his grandfather, Abas. Most Othoniotes (local dialect: Thoniotes) have migrated to Corfu, Athens, and abroad (especially to

513-417: The island's coast, including the bottlenose dolphin , at least three species of sharks (including white shark ), while sporadically near the cave of Calypso there have been monk seals . Also found are almost all varieties of marine fauna, such as the white sea bream , red mullet , the snapper , the grouper , the bumpkin (weighing up to 30 pounds), octopus , moray , the stingray , lobster . Remarkable

540-484: The island. This Ionian Islands location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Aaron Arrowsmith Aaron Arrowsmith (1750–1823) was an English cartographer , engraver and publisher and founding member of the Arrowsmith family of geographers. He moved to Soho Square , London from Winston, County Durham , when about twenty years of age, and was employed by John Cary ,

567-539: The many caves. Other points of interest are the Moshopontikas, Xylosermi, Fyki bay (where there is the sunken wreck of Sarah ship). Othonoi was frequently visited by the French naturalist Jacques Cousteau and his exploratory vessel Calypso . The traditional trail was created and used by the first inhabitants and was subsequently reopened by the municipality and private initiatives. Locals and visitors can use

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594-415: The northwest of Corfu . Since the 2019 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Central Corfu and Diapontian Islands , of which it is a municipal unit. It is located off the northwestern coast of the island of Corfu , and is almost equidistant from Corfu to the southeast, Mathraki to the southwest, and Othonoi to the west. Its population was 447 in the 2021 census , and its land area

621-646: The region of Epirus . This occurred after the Battle of Nafpaktos in 1571 when the Turkish fleet was destroyed and the islanders began to move more safely. After the last movement, the residents of Othonoi island colonized the two other small islands, Ereikoussa and Mathraki. In 1815, the British conquered Othonoi. With the Treaty signed on March 29, 1864, between the three powers ( United Kingdom , France , Russia ) and

648-637: The steamer Sardegna , the submarine was rammed by the Italian torpedo boat  Antares . The loss of the submarine was the first loss of the Greek Navy in World War II. A monument to honor the memory of the crew was inaugurated in Othonoi on June 15, 2015. According to legend, the ancient poet Homer referred to Othonoi in The Odyssey as Ogygia , island of the nymph Calypso , who lived in

675-453: The trail to reach almost every neighborhood and part of the island on foot, as well as Mount Imerovigli (Merovigli), and the highest peak of the island, with a height of over 390 metres (1,280 ft), with views of the other Diapontia Islands , Ionian Sea and Adriatic Sea . The island is almost completely covered by trees which produce a small species of olive , the "Elea the cherry" (Olea microcarpa), commonly Lianolia or ladoelia, with

702-499: The usufruct of Othonoi, Ereikoussa, Mathraki, Diapolo and Vido , to the knight Theodore Skaliti as fief. In 1537, the Turkish fleet under the command of Hayreddin Barbarossa massacred the inhabitants of Othoni island after a long battle. In Stavros district at an altitude of 217 m. a white stone cross exists until today to commemorate that event. The last settlers of Othonoi apparently came from Paxos and Ioannina , Parga and

729-477: Was "Thoronos" (Θόρονος). Other names were "Fidonisi" (Snake island) because of the many snakes that are said to have invaded the island, and "Fanò" (Lamp) which is used in international charters and by the Italians because of the lighthouse situated on the island. Othoni was called Ogygia or "Calypso island" in many maps of the 17th and 18th centuries. Another Greek name for the island is "Astakonisi" (Αστακονήσι);

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