Otjimbingwe (also: Otjimbingue ) is a settlement in the Erongo Region of central Namibia . Otjimbingwe has approximately 8,000 inhabitants and belongs to the Karibib electoral constituency .
71-687: Otjimbingwe was an important settlement in South West Africa . In the 1860s the Herero people , facing an imminent attack from the Nama people , united here and elected Maharero first their military commander, and later their first paramount chief. Situated on the Old Bay Road, an ox wagon track leading from Windhoek to Walvis Bay , the settlement was also an economic and cultural centre. Karl Johan Andersson had his trading headquarters here,
142-574: A United Nations Trust Territory when League of Nations Mandates were transferred to the United Nations following World War II. The Prime Minister , Jan Smuts , objected to South West Africa coming under UN control and refused to allow the territory's transition to independence, instead seeking to make it South Africa's fifth province in 1946. Although this never occurred, in 1949, the South West Africa Affairs Act
213-537: A guano collection industry, the Dune 7 sand dune, the salt works, the abundant birdlife, and a museum. Kuisebmund Stadium , home to two clubs in the Namibia Premier League , is also located in the city. The beach resort of Langstrand lies just a few kilometres north. The Walvis Bay Export Processing Zone is an important facet of the local economy. The Dutch referred to it as Walvisch Baye and
284-546: A settlement of the Damaras before the Herero migration in the early 18th century. The Old Bay Road , built by Jonker Afrikaner in the 1840s, led through Otjimbingwe, making the settlement an economic and cultural hub. The Rhenish Mission Society subsequently used Otjimbingwe as a central location for their Namibian mission in 1849. Johannes Rath and his family settled in the area on 11 July that year. In 1854, copper
355-632: A Constituent Assembly were held in November 1989 and the territory became independent as the Republic of Namibia on 21 March 1990. Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands remained under South African control until 1994. Walvis Bay Walvis Bay (English: lit. Whale Bay ; Afrikaans : Walvisbaai ; German : Walfischbucht or Walfischbai ) is a city in Namibia and the name of
426-623: A new party registered in 2018, 1,207 votes), the local Joint Walvis Bay Residents Association with 945 votes, and the Popular Democratic Movement (PDM, the new name of the DTA) with 658 votes. Walvis Bay is twinned with: Walvis Bay contains open spaces, scenic beauty and unique marine and plant life. It is well suited for the outdoor lifestyle, boasting sports such as sandboarding, kiting, surfing, swimming, angling, sailing, golf and other indoor and outdoor sport codes. There
497-963: A proposal to the League of Nations. Consequently, in 1949, the Act was amended to give representation in the Parliament of South Africa to whites in South West Africa. On 14 December 1971 the Namibian general contract workers strike began in Walvis Bay, after starting the day before in Windhoek . The goal of the strike was the abolition of the contract labour system, to oppose apartheid , and promote Namibia's independence. In 1977, following increasing international pressure to relinquish its control over South West Africa, South Africa repealed
568-535: A three-month rotational basis. The DTA was awarded 22 seats in the National Assembly with five other parties being awarded 8 seats each. Johannes Skrywer would again become Speaker of the National Assembly and Dawid Bezuidenhout would be the first Chairman of the Council of Ministers. The second-tier of governance in South West Africa consisted of ethnic-based Representative Authorities which replaced
639-671: A vital logistical hub. In addition to the importance of the port, development would strengthen trade corridors which consists of current road and rail networks. In an attempt to strengthen and enhance trade relations between other African countries, Namport (the Namibian Port Authority) in April 2019 signed a five-year MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) with the Port Authority of Dakar, Senegal. Walvis Bay International Airport provides commercial flight services to
710-467: Is Walvis Bay Lagoon and Aquatic Activities, Kuiseb River Delta and the beach itself where people enjoy swimming and catching fish. The two-kilometre ( 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 -mile) sand spit allows the adjacent water to remain smooth in very strong winds, ideal for record attempting vessels like that by the Vestas Sailrocket . The ocean side of the sand spit has a world-famous surf spot known in
781-454: Is a tertiary education institution based in town. International University of Management (IUM), Welwitchia Health Training Center and Monitronics Success College both have branches in Walvis Bay. Walvis Bay is governed by a municipal council that has ten seats. The 2015 local authority election was won by the SWAPO party which gained eight seats (5,818 votes). One seat each was won by
SECTION 10
#1732780557675852-471: Is carried by truck. The Walvis Bay Corridor Group is gearing up to increase import/export-business opportunities in Namibia. The Namibian National Development Plan expects to complete the expansion programme of the Walvis Bay port by 2019. Because of the harbour's geographical positioning, authorities plan to gain a footprint in providing landlocked Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries with
923-743: Is now Walvis Bay on 8 December 1487, on his expedition to discover a sea route to the East via the Cape of Good Hope . He named the bay "O Golfo de Santa Maria da Conceição". However, the Portuguese did not formally stake a claim to Walvis Bay. Walvis Bay was founded at the end of the 18th century as a stopover for sea travel between Cape Town and the Netherlands by the Dutch East India Company. No permanent (year round) settlement
994-589: The Augustineum seminary was situated in town, and it hosted the headquarters of the Rhenish Mission Society . When the territory became the German colony of German South West Africa , Otjimbingwe was the de facto capital. At the end of the 19th century the settlement began to lose its importance. The Augustineum was relocated to Okahandja , the German administration moved to Windhoek, and
1065-791: The Cape Colony , became part of the newly formed Union of South Africa . Subsequently, a dispute arose with Germany over the exclave 's boundaries, which was eventually settled in 1911, with Walvis Bay being allocated an area of 1,124 square kilometres (434 sq mi). The exclave was overrun by the Germans during the South West Africa Campaign early in the First World War , but the Union Defence Force (UDF) of South Africa eventually ousted
1136-773: The Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA, 565 votes) and the United Democratic Front (UDF, 433 votes). The 2020 local authority election was won by the Independent Patriots for Change (IPC), an opposition party formed in August 2020. The IPC obtained 5,043 votes and gained four seats. SWAPO was the runner-up, obtaining 3,348 votes and gaining three seats. One seat each went to the Landless People's Movement (LPM,
1207-553: The Ovaherero Traditional Authority . The Rhenish church in the settlement's centre is one of the settlement's main attractions. Constructed in 1867 and proclaimed a National Monument in 1974, it is one of Namibia's oldest churches. Another proclaimed National Monument is the Pulverturm ( armory tower) erected in 1870. Da-Palm Senior Secondary School , is situated in the settlement on the banks of
1278-585: The South West Africa Affairs Act of 1922 . Despite the territory never having been part of German South West Africa , the Act stated that: "the port and settlement of Walvis Bay, which forms part of the Cape of Good Hope, shall for judicial and administrative purposes be regarded as if it were part of the mandated territory of South West Africa". However, South Africa had also sought to annex South West Africa itself, and had presented such
1349-562: The Swakop River . Otjimbingwe used to be a centre for theological education. It was home to the The type specimens of the scorpion species Uroplectes otjimbinguensis were collected near Otjimbingwe, and the species was named after the town. South West Africa South West Africa was a territory under South African administration from 1915 to 1966, and under South African occupation from 1966 to 1990. Renamed Namibia by
1420-522: The Treaty of Versailles , with the Union of South Africa responsible for the administration of South West Africa. From 1922, this included Walvis Bay, which, under the South West Africa Affairs Act, was governed as if it were part of the mandated territory. South West Africa remained a League of Nations Mandate until World War II and the collapse of the League of Nations. The Mandate was supposed to become
1491-460: The United Nations in 1968, it became independent under this name on 21 March 1990. South West Africa bordered Angola ( a Portuguese colony before 1975), Botswana ( Bechuanaland before 1966), South Africa , and Zambia ( Northern Rhodesia before 1964). During its administration, South Africa applied its own apartheid system in the territory of South West Africa. A German colony known as German South West Africa from 1884 to 1915, it
SECTION 20
#17327805576751562-566: The Windhoek Declaration of Basic Principles in 1984 and a Bill of Fundamental Rights and Objectives the following year, resulting in the establishment of a Transitional Government of National Unity (TGNU) on 17 June 1985. Unlike the previous Interim Government, the TGNU was not directly elected but instead consisted of an appointed 62 member National Assembly and an 8-member Council of Ministers which would be led by each member on
1633-642: The bay on which it lies. It is the second largest city in Namibia and the largest coastal city in the country. The city covers an area of 29 square kilometres (11 sq mi) of land. The bay is a safe haven for sea vessels because of its natural deep-water harbour, protected by the Pelican Point sand spit , being the only natural harbour of any size along the country's coast. Being rich in plankton and marine life , these waters also draw large numbers of southern right whales , attracting whalers and fishing vessels. A succession of colonists developed
1704-636: The cold desert climate ( BWk ) according to the Köppen climate classification . It is caused by the rain shadow of the Naukluft Mountains and the cooling effect of the coastal sea temperature by the Benguela Current . Walvis Bay receives only 13.2 millimetres (0.52 in) average precipitation per year, making it one of the driest cities on earth. Despite its dry climate, the city is relatively humid. Average relative humidity throughout
1775-866: The Act, but transferred control of Walvis Bay back to the Cape Province , thereby making it an exclave . From 1980, it was represented in both the Provincial Council and the House of Assembly as part of the Green Point constituency in Cape Town , before becoming a separate constituency in 1982. In response, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 432 (1978) , which declared that "the territorial integrity and unity of Namibia must be assured through
1846-666: The Council of Ministers on 1 July 1980. Johannes Skrywer, also of the DTA, became Speaker of the National Assembly. The interim government collapsed on 18 January 1983 following the resignation of the Council of Ministers citing interference from the South African government and proposals to create a State Council. Following the collapse of the Interim Government, its legislative and executive powers returned to South African Administrator-General Willie van Niekerk , who
1917-812: The Court ruling in 1966 that they were not the proper parties to bring the case. There was a protracted struggle between South Africa and forces fighting for independence, particularly after the formation of the South West Africa People's Organisation ( SWAPO ) in 1960. On 27 October 1966, the General Assembly passed resolution 2145 (XXI) which declared the Mandate terminated and that the Republic of South Africa had no further right to administer South West Africa. South African control over
1988-515: The English as Whale Bay . In its eventual formal incorporation, it was named Walfish Bay , which was changed to Walvish Bay , and ultimately to Walvis Bay . It has also been referred to as Walwich Bay or Walwisch Bay . The Herero people of the area called it Ezorongondo . Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reached Cape Cross , north of the bay, in 1485. There followed Bartolomeu Dias , who anchored his flagship São Cristóvão in what
2059-455: The Germans in 1915. Subsequently, Walvis Bay was quickly integrated into the new martial law regime in South West Africa. South Africa was later awarded control (a Class "C" mandate ) over South West Africa by the League of Nations to administer the territory. Civilian rule was restored in South West Africa in 1921 and administration of Walvis Bay was transferred to South West Africa under
2130-778: The Namibian Cabinet, and Carl von Hirschberg, former South African Ambassador to the United Nations. In August 1993, prior to the end of apartheid , the Multiparty Negotiating Forum in South Africa passed a resolution calling for "the incorporation-reintegration of Walvis Bay and the Off-Shore Islands into Namibia." The Transfer of Walvis Bay to Namibia Act was passed by the Parliament of South Africa that year. Following
2201-635: The Namibian government in association with French Groupe PSA signed an investment agreement to initiate a joint-venture to assemble Opel and Peugeot vehicles in Walvis Bay. The N$ 190m-project has been earmarked to commence in 2018 with a forecasted annual target volume of 5000 units by 2020, a target carried by SACU countries' market demand. However, Peugeot threatened to close the plant over disputes with South Africa over import tariffs. Walvis Bay Salt produces approximately 1 million tons of salt per year through solar evaporation of sea water. Most of
Otjimbingwe - Misplaced Pages Continue
2272-628: The National Party. An additional consequence of this was the extension of apartheid laws to the territory. This gave rise to several rulings at the International Court of Justice , which in 1950 ruled that South Africa was not obliged to convert South West Africa into a UN trust territory, but was still bound by the League of Nations Mandate, with the United Nations General Assembly assuming
2343-546: The Rehoboth Self-Determination Act, 1976. An advisory council was established for San Bushmen in 1986. No representative body was established for Himbas . Local authorities formed the lowest tier of governance in South West Africa. Previously established local government bodies would continue to exist and new ones could be formed. In urban areas, the local authority would be an elected local council. In rural areas where local governance structures
2414-566: The UN when the General Assembly changed the territory's name by Resolution 2372 (XXII) of 12 June 1968. SWAPO was recognised as representative of the Namibian people , and gained UN observer status when the territory of South West Africa was already removed from the list of non-self-governing territories . In 1977, South Africa transferred control of Walvis Bay back to the Cape Province , thereby making it an exclave . The South African authorities established 10 bantustans in South West Africa in
2485-419: The ability to pass legislation known as Ordinances. Unlike the former Bantustans, Representative Authorities functioned on the basis of ethnicity only and were no longer based on geographically defined areas. Representative Authorities were created for Whites , Coloureds , Ovambos , Kavangos , Lozi , Damaras , Namas , Tswanas , and Herero . A similar body had been established for Rehoboth Basters by
2556-865: The airport on 15 April 2016. Tourism has had an increasing influence in the town's economy, with international tourists arriving at its airport and port facilities. Several cruise liners visit the port each year. With many tourism activities hosted by small and large tour operators the town has turned into a tourism destination. In Walvis Bay there are a variety of fishing companies like Hangana Seafood, Caroline Fishing, Benguella Fishing Company, Cadilu Fishing, Etosha Fisheries, Kuiseb Fishing Enterprises, Blue Ocean Products, Benguella Sea Products, Consortium Fisheries, Talanam Fish Processor. These companies catch diverse types of fish, like snoek , horse mackerel , anchovy , white steenbras , kabeljou, kingklip , hake , catfish , tuna , and sardines . Hangana Seafood are processors and exporters of fish and fish products. As such,
2627-595: The capacity of the port to 750,000 containers per year from 350,000. The terminal also includes a dedicated cruise liner berth. Walvis Bay has a number of public (government-run), semi-public, and private schools. Among them are Duneside High School, Duinesig Primary School, International School of Walvis Bay, The Dolphin Schools, Alexanders Private School, Kuisebmond Secondary School, Walvis Bay Private School and others. A number of kindergartens cater to young children. The Namibian Maritime and Fisheries Institute (NAMFI)
2698-502: The city's residents, as well as to neighbouring towns and villages. Airlink services flights between South Africa and Walvis Bay. In August 2019 a new container terminal was opened, built on a 40-acre platform reclaimed from the sea. The terminal was built by the state-owned China Harbour Engineering Company with funds from the Namibian government and the African Development Bank, costing N$ 4.2b. This increases
2769-517: The civil administration moved there in 1892. The railway line from Windhoek and Swakopmund was completed in the early 1900s, bypassing Otjimbingwe, and the city greatly declined in size thereafter. Otjimbingwe is a centre of Herero tradition and culture. In the 19th century it was the seat of the Zeraua royal house and hosted several important meetings of the OvaHerero community. On 15 June 1863, in
2840-585: The fishing enterprise accounts for a major part of Walvis Bay's economy. In May 2018, a spokesman for the National Fishing Corporation of Namibia (Fishcor), confirmed that a new N$ 530 million onshore processing plant would be operational by September 2018. After completion, the factory (which plans to employ 700 people of which 70% will be female), promises to be the largest pelagic processing plant in sub-Saharan Africa and will process about 80 000 tonnes of fish per annum. In March 2018,
2911-452: The groundwork for semi-autonomous rule. During an interim period between 1978 and 1985, South Africa gradually granted South West Africa a limited form of home rule, culminating in the formation of a Transitional Government of National Unity . As a German colony from 1884, it was known as German South West Africa ( Deutsch-Südwestafrika ). Germany had a difficult time administering the territory, which experienced many insurrections against
Otjimbingwe - Misplaced Pages Continue
2982-576: The harsh German rule, especially those led by guerrilla leader Jacob Morenga . The main port, Walvis Bay , and the Penguin Islands were annexed by the UK in 1878, becoming part of the Cape Colony in 1884. Following the creation of the Union of South Africa in 1910, Walvis Bay became part of the Cape Province . As part of the Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty in 1890, a corridor of land taken from
3053-585: The international surf media as "Skeleton Bay." The city is home to Eleven Arrows F.C. and Blue Waters F.C. , football clubs that compete in the Namibia Premier Football League , and the Sparta Cricket Club Ground . Among the places of worship , they are predominantly Christian churches and temples: Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia ( Lutheran World Federation ), Evangelical Lutheran Church in
3124-428: The late 1960s and early 1970s in accordance with the Odendaal Commission , three of which were granted self-rule. These bantustans were replaced with separate ethnicity based second-tier representative authorities in 1980. The South African government convened the Turnhalle Constitutional Conference between 1976 and 1978 with a view to achieving an "internal" solution to the status of South West Africa. The conference
3195-407: The location and resources of this strategic harbour settlement. The harbour's value in relation to the sea route around the Cape of Good Hope had caught the attention of world powers since it was discovered by the outside world in 1485. The importance of the harbour, combined with its extreme isolation by land, explains the complicated political history of the town. For much of its history, Walvis Bay
3266-402: The northern border of Bechuanaland , extending as far as the Zambezi River, was added to the colony. It was named the Caprivi Strip ( Caprivizipfel ) after the German Chancellor Leo von Caprivi . In 1915, during the South West Africa campaign of World War I , South Africa captured the German colony. After the war, it was declared a League of Nations Class C Mandate territory under
3337-406: The port has increased from 30,000 containers a year to 370,000 containers in 2016. As of 2017 the port was being upgraded to increase its capacity to move 1 million containers a year by 2019. Bureaucratic and logistical problems at the city's competitor port at Durban , South Africa have diverted traffic to the port at Walvis Bay. Ninety-five percent of all cargo hauled overland through Walvis Bay
3408-475: The previous system of Bantustans that were established in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Each authority would have executive and legislative competencies, being made up of elected Legislative Assemblies who would appoint Executive Committees led by chairmen. Representative Authorities had responsibility for land tenure, agriculture, education up to primary level, teachers' training, health services, and social welfare and pensions and their Legislative Assemblies had
3479-544: The railway between Swakopmund and Windhoek, built 1900, bypassed Otjimbingwe. Otjimbingwe is situated south of Karibib on the junction of Omusema and Swakop River . It had approximately 8,000 inhabitants in 2016. Otjimbingwe is the Ovaherero name of the khoekhoegowab word 'Atsas' which means try to drink. The Damara people were already present in the area before the Herero people migrated to Otjimbingwe (Atsas). The present day make up of Otjimbingwe shows more Damaras or khoekhoe speakers than Hereros. The area had already been
3550-465: The reintegration of Walvis Bay within its territory". In 1990, South West Africa gained independence as Namibia , but Walvis Bay remained under South African sovereignty, with South Africa increasing the number of troops. However, in 1992, the two countries agreed to establish a transitional Joint Administrative Authority for Walvis Bay and the Offshore Islands. The Authority was headed by two Chief Executive Officers, Nangolo Mbumba , then Secretary to
3621-404: The salt is for industrial use but the company also produces table salt under the "Cerebos" brand. Walvis Bay is an important logistical port for the southern African region, providing port facilities for the import and export of cargo for the rest of Namibia, Zambia, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Botswana. Since the Walvis Bay Corridor Group (WBCG) was established in 2000, cargo moving through
SECTION 50
#17327805576753692-442: The signing of a treaty between the two countries, South Africa formally transferred sovereignty of Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands to Namibia on 1 March 1994. Due to its South African administration Walvis Bay was developed as a segregated town. The suburb of Kuisebmond , located 3.2 kilometres (1.8 mi) from Walvis Bay city centre, housed Black people; Narraville , located 3.3 kilometres (2 mi) from Walvis Bay city centre,
3763-415: The summer; autumn, spring, and even winter have all seen higher temperatures than the hottest days in summer. These record highs occur when offshore winds blow downwards from the high plateau inland and are nonetheless mild by comparison to many other cities in the tropics at the same latitude. Higher temperatures have been recorded, even just slightly inland, such as a report of 42.8 °C (109.0 °F) at
3834-416: The supervisory role. The ICJ also clarified that the General Assembly was empowered to receive petitions from the inhabitants of South West Africa and to call for reports from the mandatory nation, South Africa. The General Assembly constituted the Committee on South West Africa to perform the supervisory functions. In another Advisory Opinion issued in 1955, the Court further ruled that the General Assembly
3905-561: The territory nevertheless continued despite its illegality under international law. In 1971, acting on a request for an Advisory Opinion from the United Nations Security Council , the ICJ ruled that the continued presence of South Africa in Namibia was illegal and that South Africa was under an obligation to withdraw from Namibia immediately. It also ruled that all member states of the United Nations were under an obligation not to recognise as valid any act performed by South Africa on behalf of Namibia. South West Africa became known as Namibia by
3976-445: The territory, as well as a draft constitution for "a republican, democratic state" to be known as "South West Africa/Namibia" with its own flag and national anthem. Under the proposals, there was to be a three-tiered system of governance. The first tier, the Central Government, would consist of a National Assembly which would appoint a Council of Ministers. The second tier would consist of ethnically based Representative Authorities and
4047-436: The third tier would be made up of Local Authorities. The upper tier of governance consisted of an elected fifty member National Assembly with legislative powers. The assembly would appoint a Council of Ministers with executive powers. Multi-racial elections for the National Assembly were held in December 1978. The Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA) won 41 of the 50 seats and its leader, Dirk Mudge would become Chairman of
4118-401: The wake of the Herero-Nama War, most of the Herero communities sent representatives to unify the Herero for the war, while king Zeraua sent a delegation to the port of Walvis Bay to acquire weapons. In 1867 the Herero people agreed to establish the position for a paramount chief, which has been in place since then. Herero paramount chieftain elections still take place at Otjimbingwe, hosted by
4189-439: The year remains above 80%. The warmest month is February with average temperature 17.9 °C (64.2 °F), while the coolest months are August and September with average temperature 13.2 °C (55.8 °F). The diurnal temperature range is also low, averaging only 5.7 °C (10.3 °F). A weather station operated on the Pelican Point headland from 1958 to 1984. Unusually, the highest temperatures are not recorded during
4260-438: Was amended to give representation in the Parliament of South Africa to whites in South West Africa, which gave them six seats in the House of Assembly and four in the Senate . This was to the advantage of the National Party , which enjoyed strong support from the predominantly Afrikaner and ethnic German white population in the territory. Between 1950 and 1977, all of South West Africa's parliamentary seats were held by
4331-417: Was assisted by and Jan F Greebe as chief executive officer. The Representative Authorities and Local Authorities continued to function as intended during this period. A Multi-Party Conference was established in September 1983 to suggest arrangements for the formation of a new Central Government. Nineteen parties participated in the conference, but again SWAPO was excluded. The Multi-Party Conference issued
SECTION 60
#17327805576754402-401: Was attacked and plundered several times in its early history. In 1863 the Battle of Otjimbinge took place, one of the largest battles of the Herero-Nama War . Andersson and the Herero fought the Oorlam people under Christian Afrikaner . Rhenish missionary Carl Hugo Hahn founded the Augustineum , a seminary and teacher training college in 1866. It remained in Otjimbingwe until 1890 and
4473-435: Was attempted and little commercial development occurred on the site until the late 19th century. In the meantime, the Cape Colony had become British, and during the Scramble for Africa , the British claimed Walvis Bay. They permitted the Cape Colony to complete the annexation of the territory in 1884, together with the Penguin Islands , following initial steps which had been taken in 1878. In 1910, Walvis Bay, as part of
4544-419: Was attended by representatives of 11 ethnic groups: Herero , Baster , Tswana , Damara , Ovambo , Lozi , Nama , Kavango , San , the Coloureds , and the Whites . However, the largest freedom movement, SWAPO , was not invited. The conference produced a 29-page document entitled "Petition for the establishment of an interim government" . The petition contained a request to set up an interim government for
4615-422: Was based on traditional customary law, the relevant Representative Authority could support their further development. The Three-tier system of governance was suspended on 28 February 1989 following the signing of a peace agreement the previous year. As stipulated by United Nations Security Council Resolution 435 , a United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) was deployed on 1 April 1989. Elections to
4686-432: Was found in the nearby Khomas highlands and the Walwich Bay Mining Company established its offices in the city. Miners and merchants flocked to the settlement, and the researcher and businessman Karl Johan Andersson bought the entire settlement in 1860. He sold it five years later to the Rhenish Missionary Society. However the copper supply had been exhausted by that time, and the mining operations ceded. The settlement
4757-427: Was governed as an exclave separate from the rest of the territory that today is Namibia. The town is situated just north of the Tropic of Capricorn in the Kuiseb River delta and lies at the end of the TransNamib Railway to Windhoek , and on B2 road . Walvis Bay, with its large bay and sand dunes, is an important centre of tourism activity in Namibia. Attractions include the artificial Bird Island , centre of
4828-403: Was inhabited by Coloureds ; and Whites lived in the city centre. After the incorporation of the town into Namibia, many people have settled in shacks around it. In an effort to reduce the impact of the informal settlements , the municipality formed the Tutaleni Housing Project to the northeast. Despite its location within the tropics , Walvis Bay features the very rare mild variation of
4899-444: Was made a League of Nations mandate of the Union of South Africa following Germany 's defeat in the First World War . Although the mandate was repealed by the United Nations on 27 October 1966, South African control over the territory continued despite its illegality under international law. The territory was administered directly by the South African government from 1915 to 1978, when the Turnhalle Constitutional Conference laid
4970-452: Was not required to follow League of Nations voting procedures in determining questions concerning South West Africa. In 1956, the Court further ruled that the committee had the power to grant hearings to petitioners from the mandated territory. In 1960, Ethiopia and Liberia filed a case in the International Court of Justice against South Africa alleging that South Africa had not fulfilled its mandatory duties. This case did not succeed, with
5041-418: Was then moved to Okahandja . Hahn also founded the first school of South West Africa at Otjimbingwe in 1876. Under the control of Commissioner Dr. Heinrich Ernst Göring , the place became the seat of the colonial administration, the de facto capital, in the late 1880s. On 16 July 1888, German South West Africa 's first post office opened in town. However, control gradually shifted to Windhoek , and
#674325