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46-626: (Redirected from Ows ) OWS may refer to Occupy Wall Street , a political protest starting in 2011 that originated in New York City at Zucotti Park OGC Web Service Common, a standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium Oil–water separator , a device to separate oil and water Oily water separator , shipboard equipment Open water swimming , outdoor swimming in open lakes, rivers, and oceans Open Whisper Systems ,

92-624: A September 17 occupation in Lower Manhattan . The first such proposal appeared on the Adbusters website on February 2, 2011, under the title "A Million Man March on Wall Street." Lasn registered the OccupyWallStreet.org web address on June 9. The website redirected to Adbusters.org/Campaigns/OccupyWallStreet and Adbusters.org/OccupyWallStreet, but later became "Not Found" . In a blog post on July 13, 2011, Adbusters proposed

138-617: A commemorative sixth issue published in May 2014, to support OWS activist Cecily McMillan during the sentencing phase of her trial. Tidal: Occupy Theory, Occupy Strategy magazine was published twice a year, with its first release in December 2011, the fourth and final issue in March 2013. It consisted of long essays, poetry and art within thirty pages. Each issue had a circulation of 12,000 to 50,000. In Front and Center: Critical Voices in

184-486: A country must comply with the laws in that country. In some cases, usually involving multinational corporations that can pick and choose their suppliers and locations based on their perception of the regulatory environment, local state regulations have resulted in uneven practices within one company. For example, workers in one country may benefit from strong labour unions , while workers in another country have very weak laws supporting labour unions, even though they work for

230-464: A file on the movement and monitors social media for information. On December 21, 2012, Partnership for Civil Justice obtained and published U.S. government documents revealing that over a dozen local FBI field offices, DHS and other federal agencies monitored Occupy Wall Street, despite labeling it a peaceful movement. The New York Times reported in May 2014 that declassified documents showed extensive surveillance of OWS-related groups across

276-481: A little under 8,000 Occupy-affiliated arrests have been documented by tallying numbers published in local newspapers. In a report that followed an eight-month study, researchers at the law schools of NYU and Fordham accuse the NYPD of deploying unnecessarily aggressive force, obstructing press freedoms and making arbitrary and baseless arrests. On October 1, 2011, a large group of protesters set out to walk across

322-402: A makeshift kitchen. In November, a man was arrested for breaking an EMT 's leg. After several weeks of occupation, protesters had made enough allegations of rape, sexual assault, and gropings that women-only sleeping tents were set up. Occupy Wall Street organizers released a statement regarding the sexual assaults stating, "As individuals and as a community, we have the responsibility and

368-597: A nonprofit open-source software group Open Window School , a private school located in Bellevue, Washington Operation Warp Speed , the United States national program to accelerate the development, manufacturing, and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics. Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Optional White Space (computer science), sometimes used when defining a grammar or protocol specification, see Metasyntax Order of World Scouts ,

414-402: A peaceful occupation of Wall Street to protest corporate influence on democracy, the lack of legal consequences for those who brought about the global crisis of monetary insolvency, and an increasing disparity in wealth. The protest was promoted with an image featuring a dancer atop Wall Street's iconic Charging Bull statue. In July, Justine Tunney registered OccupyWallSt.org which became

460-437: A permit to use "amplified sound", including electric bullhorns. Since Occupy Wall Street did not have a permit, the protesters created the " human microphone " in which a speaker pauses while the nearby members of the audience repeat the phrase in unison. On October 13, New York City Mayor Bloomberg and Brookfield Properties announced that the park must be vacated for cleaning the following morning at 7 am. The next morning

506-489: A trap and then arresting them. In June 2012, a federal judge ruled that the protesters had not received sufficient warning. Private sector The private sector employs most of the workforce in some countries. In private sector, activities are guided by the motive to earn money, i.e. operate by capitalist standards. A 2013 study by the International Finance Corporation (part of

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552-493: The Brooklyn Bridge resulting in 768 arrests, the largest number of arrests in one day at any Occupy event. By October 2, all but 20 of the arrestees had been released with citations for disorderly conduct and a criminal court summons. On October 4, a group of protesters who were arrested on the bridge filed a lawsuit against the city, alleging that officers had violated their constitutional rights by luring them into

598-670: The Occupy movement in the United States . Many commentators have stated that the Occupy Wall Street movement has roots in the philosophy of anarchism . The Occupy protesters' slogan "We are the 99%" referred to the income disparity in the US and economic inequality in general, which were main issues for OWS. It derives from a "We the 99%" flyer calling for OWS's second General Assembly in August 2011. The variation "We are

644-568: The World Bank Group ) identified that 90 percent of jobs in developing countries are in the private sector. In free enterprise countries, such as the United States , the private sector is wider, and the state places fewer constraints on firms. In countries with more government authority, such as China , the public sector makes up most of the economy. States legally regulate the private sector. Businesses operating within

690-579: The 99% was a fully-online publication managed by an editorial collective of OWS participants. It featured critical essays and reflections from within OWS, aiming to put the voices, experiences and issues of oppressed and marginalized communities in the front and center of the Occupy movement. It is still available online. OWS demonstrators complained of thefts of assorted items such as cell phones and laptops; thieves also stole $ 2,500 of donations that were stored in

736-600: The 99%" originated from a Tumblr page of the same name. Huffington Post reporter Paul Taylor said the slogan was "arguably the most successful slogan since ' Hell no, we won't go! '" of the Vietnam War era, and that the vast majority of Americans saw the income gap as causing social friction. The slogan was boosted by statistics which were confirmed by a Congressional Budget Office (CBO) report released in October 2011. Writing in 2022, historian Gary Gerstle says that

782-555: The General Assemblies of Occupy Wall Street and Occupy Philadelphia . During the occupation in Liberty Square, a declaration was issued with a list of grievances. The declaration stated that the "grievances are not all-inclusive". The assembly was the main OWS decision-making body and used a modified consensus process, where participants attempted to reach consensus and then dropped to a 9/10 vote if consensus

828-679: The New York Stock Exchange as well as other intersections in the area. This, along with several violations of Zuccotti Park rules, led police to surround groups of protesters, at times pulling protesters from the crowds to be arrested for blocking pedestrian traffic. There were 185 arrests across the city. Occupy Wall Street activists disseminated their movement updates through a variety of mediums, including social media, print magazines, newspapers, film, radio and live stream. Like much of Occupy, many of these alternative media projects were collectively managed, while autonomous from

874-590: The United States, the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) began keeping tabs on protesters, under the pretext that the protest was a potential locus of violence. Following this, there was a DHS report entitled "SPECIAL COVERAGE: Occupy Wall Street", dated October 2011, observed that "mass gatherings associated with public protest movements can have disruptive effects on transportation, commercial, and government services, especially when staged in major metropolitan areas ." The DHS keeps

920-1034: The aftermath of the Great Recession in the United States. There were many particular points of interest leading up to the Occupy movement that angered populist and left-wing groups. For instance, the 2008 bank bailouts under the George W. Bush administration utilized congressionally appropriated taxpayer funds to create the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), which purchased toxic assets from failing banks and financial institutions. The U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Citizens United v. FEC in January 2010 allowed corporations to spend unlimited amounts on independent political expenditures without government regulation . This angered many populist and left-wing groups that viewed

966-772: The country. The first person arrested was Alexander Arbuckle, a student videographer from New York University engaged in a class project. The police department alleged he was blocking the street. However, video shown at his trial showed the protesters including Arbuckle, had followed police orders and withdrew to the sidewalk. Gideon Oliver, who represented Occupy with the National Lawyers Guild in New York, said about 2,000 [protesters] had been arrested just in New York City alone. Most of these arrests in New York and elsewhere, were on charges of disorderly conduct , trespassing , and failure to disperse. Nationally,

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1012-527: The curation of the fourth and special edition of The Occupied Wall Street Journal (OWSJ) . Afterwards, it continued to collect and publish images under the Creative Commons for non commercial use license, to spread the artwork throughout the movement. The Occupy! Gazette was founded by editors Astra Taylor , Keith Gessen of n+1 and Sarah Leonard of Dissent Magazine . It published five issues from October 2011 to September 2012, with

1058-568: The decision-making bodies of Occupy Wall Street. The Occupied Wall Street Journal ( OWSJ ) was a free newspaper founded in October 2011 by independent journalists Arun Gupta, Jed Brandt and Michael Levitin. The first issue had a total print run of 70,000 copies, along with an unspecified number in Spanish. Its last article appeared in February 2012. The Occuprint collective, founded by Jesse Goldstein and Josh MacPhee , formed through

1104-474: The first international Scouting organisation Oritsé Williams , former member of JLS Overhead Weapon Station , a remote weapon station Ocean Weather Ship (or Station), a past programme involving meteorological ships located in the ocean for use in weather forecasting Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title OWS . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

1150-427: The foreclosure situation . Some media labeled the protests "anti-capitalist", while others disputed the relevance of this label. Some protesters favored a fairly concrete set of national policy proposals. One OWS group that favored specific demands created a document entitled the 99 Percent Declaration , but this was regarded as an attempt to "co-opt" the "Occupy" name, and the document and group were rejected by

1196-573: The front of the line, while white men often had to wait for a turn to speak. In addition to the over 70 working groups, the organizational structure also included "spokes councils", at which every working group could participate. The People's Library at Occupy Wall Street was started a few days after the protest when a pile of books was left in a cardboard box at Zuccotti Park. The books were passed around and organized, and as time passed, it received additional books and resources from readers, private citizens, authors and corporations. As of November 2011

1242-474: The library had 5,554 books cataloged in LibraryThing and its collection was described as including some rare or unique articles of historical interest. According to American Libraries , the library's collection had "thousands of circulating volumes", which included "holy books of every faith, books reflecting the entire political spectrum, and works for all ages on a huge range of topics." The library

1288-688: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OWS&oldid=1193743889 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Occupy Wall Street [REDACTED] Government of New York City Zuccotti Park Other activity in NYC: Progressive Era Repression and persecution Anti-war and civil rights movements Contemporary Occupy Wall Street ( OWS )

1334-486: The main online hub for the movement. The U.S. Day of Rage, a group that organized to protest "corporate influence [that] corrupts our political parties, our elections, and the institutions of government", also joined the movement. The protest itself began on September 17; a Facebook page for the demonstrations began two days later on September 19 featuring a YouTube video of earlier events. By mid-October, Facebook listed 125 Occupy-related pages. The original location for

1380-426: The movement's six-month anniversary by reoccupying Zuccotti Park. Protesters were soon cleared away by police, who made over 70 arrests. On March 24, hundreds of OWS protesters marched from Zuccotti Park to Union Square in a demonstration against police violence. On September 17, 2012, protesters returned to Zuccotti Park to mark the first anniversary of the beginning of the occupation. Protesters blocked access to

1426-498: The occupation of the space, somewhere between 100 and 200 people slept in Zuccotti Park. Initially tents were not allowed and protesters slept in sleeping bags or under blankets. Meal service started at a total cost of about $ 1,000 per day. Many protesters used the bathrooms of nearby business establishments. Some supporters donated use of their bathrooms for showers and the sanitary needs of protesters. New York City requires

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1472-422: The opportunity to create an alternative to this culture of violence, We are working for an OWS and a world in which survivors are respected and supported unconditionally ... We are redoubling our efforts to raise awareness about sexual violence. This includes taking preventive measures such as encouraging healthy relationship dynamics and consent practices that can help to limit harm." As the movement spread across

1518-421: The park, arresting some 200 people in the process, including a number of journalists. On December 31, 2011, protesters started to re-occupy the park. Police in riot gear started to clear out the park around 1:30 am. Sixty-eight people were arrested in connection with the event, including one accused by media of stabbing a police officer in the hand with a pair of scissors. When the Zuccotti Park encampment

1564-425: The petitioning to authorities . The protesters were forced out of Zuccotti Park on November 15, 2011. Protesters then turned their focus to occupying banks, corporate headquarters, board meetings, foreclosed homes, college and university campuses and social media. The original protest was called for by Kalle Lasn , Micah White and others of Adbusters , a Canadian anti-consumerist publication, who conceived of

1610-480: The political process was unable to enact serious reforms to address the causes or consequences of the economic crisis did we see the emergence of the OWS movement." OWS's goals included a reduction in the influence of corporations on politics, more balanced distribution of income, more and better jobs , bank reform (especially to curtail speculative trading by banks ), forgiveness of student loan debt or other relief for indebted students, and alleviation of

1656-698: The property owner postponed its cleaning effort. Having prepared for a confrontation with the authorities to prevent the cleaning effort from proceeding, some protesters clashed with police in riot gear outside City Hall after it was canceled. Shortly after midnight on November 15, 2011, the New York City Police Department gave protesters notice from the park's owner to leave Zuccotti Park due to its purportedly unsanitary and hazardous conditions. The notice stated that they could return without sleeping bags, tarps or tents. About an hour later, police in riot gear began removing protesters from

1702-698: The property owner. At a press conference held the same day the protests began, New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg explained, "people have a right to protest, and if they want to protest, we'll be happy to make sure they have locations to do it." Antecedent and subsequent OWS prototypes include the British student protests of 2010 , 2009-2010 Iranian election protests , the Arab Spring protests , and, more closely related, protests in Chile , Greece , Spain and India . Occupy Wall Street, in turn, gave rise to

1748-410: The protest was One Chase Manhattan Plaza , with Bowling Green Park (the site of the "Charging Bull") and Zuccotti Park as alternate choices. Police discovered this before the protest began and fenced off two locations; but they left Zuccotti Park, the group's third choice, open. Since the park was private property, police could not legally force protesters to leave without being requested to do so by

1794-516: The ruling as a way for moneyed interests to corrupt public institutions and legislative bodies, such as the United States Congress . The protests gave rise to the wider Occupy movement in the United States and other Western countries. The Canadian anti-consumerist magazine Adbusters initiated the call for a protest. The main issues raised by Occupy Wall Street were social and economic inequality, greed, corruption and

1840-475: The same employer. In some cases, industries and individual businesses choose self-regulation by applying higher standards for dealing with their workers, customers, or the environment than the minimum that is legally required of them. There can be negative effects from the private sector. In the early 1980s, the Corrections Corporation of America pioneered the idea of running prisons for

1886-485: The slogan "proved surprisingly appealing" in a nation that, during its neoliberal high point, often denounced ideas of class warfare . Income inequality and wealth inequality were focal points of the Occupy Wall Street protests. This focus by the movement was studied by Arindajit Dube and Ethan Kaplan of the University of Massachusetts Amherst , who noted that "... Only after it became increasingly clear that

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1932-404: The undue influence of corporations on government—particularly from the financial services sector. The OWS slogan, " We are the 99% ", refers to income and wealth inequality in the U.S. between the wealthiest 1% and the rest of the population. To achieve their goals, protesters acted on consensus-based decisions made in general assemblies which emphasized redress through direct action over

1978-531: Was a left-wing populist movement against economic inequality , corporate greed , big finance , and the influence of money in politics that began in Zuccotti Park , located in New York City 's Financial District , and lasted for fifty-nine days—from September 17 to November 15, 2011. The motivations for Occupy Wall Street largely resulted from public distrust in the private sector during

2024-589: Was closed, some former campers were allowed to sleep in local churches. After the closure of the Zuccotti Park encampment, the movement turned its focus on occupying banks, corporate headquarters, board meetings, foreclosed homes, college and university campuses, and Wall Street itself. As of March 15, 2012, since its inception the Occupy Wall Street protests in New York City had cost the city an estimated $ 17 million in overtime fees to provide policing of protests and encampment inside Zuccotti Park. On March 17, 2012, Occupy Wall Street demonstrators attempted to mark

2070-694: Was largely destroyed during the November 15, 2011 raid and, in a court settlement, the City later agreed to pay $ 360,000 in compensation, including attorney fees. Similarly, the City of New York has since begun settling cases with individual participants. There were already libraries in the encampments of Spain and Greece. Following the example of the OWS People's Library, protesters throughout North America and Europe formed sister libraries at their encampments. Prior to being closed to overnight use and during

2116-633: Was not reached. Assembly meetings involved OWS working groups and affinity groups, and were open to the public for both attendance and speaking. The meetings lacked formal leadership. Participants commented upon committee proposals using a process called a "stack", which is a queue of speakers that anyone can join. New York used a progressive stack , in which people from marginalized groups are sometimes allowed to speak before people from dominant groups. Facilitators and "stack-keepers" urged speakers to "step forward, or step back" based on which group they belong to, meaning that women and minorities often moved to

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