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42-464: The headquarters of the Shawnee Tribe is Miami, Oklahoma . Currently, there are about 2,226 enrolled tribal members, with 1,070 of them living within the state of Oklahoma. Ben Barnes is the current elected Chief. Previously, Ron Sparkman was the elected chairman, serving a four-year term. The Shawnee Tribe issues its own tribal vehicle tags. They operate their own housing authority as well as

84-690: A mascot by any other school in the United States. A portion of northern Miami is within the Commerce Public Schools school district. Northeastern Oklahoma A&M College was accredited initially in 1925 by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools . In addition to its certificate programs, it has working relationships with other higher education institutions in the state to promote transfers of students seeking four-year college degrees. In 2015

126-595: A state, and the White people of Kansas demanded that all Indian tribes must be removed from the state. The Loyal Shawnee made an agreement with the Cherokee Nation in 1869, allowing 722 to gain citizenship within the Cherokee tribe and receive allotments of Cherokee land. They predominantly settled in what is now Craig and Rogers County, Oklahoma . They became known as the "Cherokee Shawnee," primarily settling in

168-602: A tribal smoke shop, the Shawnee Trails Gift Shop and Gallery, Shawnee Development LLC, and Shawnee Heritage Government Solutions. Their annual economic impact is estimated by the Oklahoma Indian Affairs Commissions to be $ 3 million. Shawnee Development LLC is an economic development corporation established in 2001, owned by the tribe but conducting business separately from the general government functions. The Shawnee Journal

210-694: Is a newspaper published by the tribe and distributed at no cost to all tribal members. Some traditional ceremonies, such as the Spring and Fall Bread Dance, the Green Corn ceremony , and stomp dances are still held. These take place in White Oak, Oklahoma . Some Shawnees are also members of the Native American Church peyote ceremonies, with most attending in the winter outside of the traditional Shawnee ceremonial cycle. The Shawnee Tribe

252-688: Is an Eastern Woodland tribe . They originally came from Ohio and Pennsylvania, and were the last of the Shawnee to leave their traditional homelands there. In the late 18th century, European American encroachment crowded Shawnee lands in the East, and one band migrated to Missouri — eventually becoming the Absentee Shawnee. Three reservations were granted to the Shawnee in Ohio by the 1817 Treaty of Fort Meigs : Wapakoneta, Lewistown, and Hog Creek. After

294-576: Is available from Joplin Regional Airport, about 34 miles (55 km) northeast, or Tulsa International Airport, about 85 miles (137 km) southwest. Miami and Ottawa County, together with nearby Delaware County, Oklahoma to the south, attract numerous tourists to the state. These counties combined make up the third-largest tourism destination in the state, following only the Oklahoma City and Tulsa metropolitan areas. Miami

336-724: Is home to the historic Coleman Theatre, located at 103 N. Main St. On April 18, 1929, the 1,600-seat Coleman Theatre enjoyed a grand opening as a luxurious movie theater of the time. Designed by the Boller Bros. , and built by George L. Coleman Sr. at a cost of $ 600,000, the Louis XV interior includes gold leaf trim, silk damask panels, stained glass panels, marble accents, a carved mahogany staircase, Wurlitzer pipe organ, decorative plaster moldings, and bronze railings. While there have been many changes to seeing movies in grand theaters,

378-706: Is named; the Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma , Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma, Peoria Tribe of Indians , and Shawnee Tribe . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 9.8 square miles (25 km ), of which 0.1 square miles (0.26 km ) (0.82%) is covered by water. Miami is located on the Neosho River , and was severely affected by the Great Flood of 1951 . The town has flooded more than two dozen times since

420-503: Is on Interstate 44 and U.S. Route 69 , and is approximately two miles (3.2 km) from U.S. Route 59 . Pelivan Transit, owned and operated by Grand Gateway EDA & Northeast Oklahoma Tribal Transit Consortium, provides a trolley loop in Miami, as well as certain on-demand bus services. Miami is served by Miami Regional Airport (KMIO; FAA Identifier MIO), with a 5,020-foot (1,530 m) paved runway. Commercial air transportation

462-543: The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture "... it was settled in a business-like way by men of vision who looked into the future and saw possibilities. It didn't just grow. It was carefully planned." W. C. Lykins petitioned the U.S. Congress to pass legislation on March 3, 1891, to establish the town. He met with Thomas F. Richardville, chief of the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma , who agreed to meet in turn with

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504-709: The Indian Removal Act of 1830 passed, another Shawnee band, which would become the Eastern Shawnee Tribe relocated to Indian Territory in July 1831. The final band, who would become the Shawnee Tribe, relocated to Kansas in August 1831. Their Kansas lands were drastically reduced in 1854 and broken up into individual allotments in 1858. During the Civil War many of the Shawnee Tribe fought for

546-470: The Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma , they were given land of their own under federal trust in this county. Native Americans make up nearly 17% of the population in the county. This county is part of the Tri-State district , a center of lead and zinc mining through the first half of the 20th century. Unrestricted mining resulted in severe environmental degradation , and mining centers such as Picher, Oklahoma in

588-761: The Quapaw Nation , which is based in Quapaw . Ottawa County comprises the Miami, OK Micropolitan Statistical Area , which is included in the Joplin -Miami, MO -OK Combined Statistical Area . The county borders both Kansas and Missouri . The county was an important lead and zinc mining region during the early 1900s, and in 1983 the Tar Creek Superfund site was inaugurated to clean up tailings and prevent groundwater and waterway contamination with leachates. Archaeological studies indicate this area

630-630: The Tar Creek Superfund Site by the US Environmental Protection Agency . Tripoli , primarily used as an abrasive, was found near Peoria in 1912, and was mined into the twenty-first century. Today, Ottawa County, together with nearby Delaware County to the south, have a large impact on tourism in Oklahoma. Said counties combined are the third-largest tourism destination in the state, following only

672-795: The U.S. Indian Commission and the Ottawa Tribe . That meeting resulted in Congress authorizing the secretary of the United States Department of the Interior to approve the townsite purchase from the Ottawa. Lykins, Richardville and Manford Pooler, chief of the Ottawa, are identified in historical accounts as "fathers of Miami." Lykins' company, the Miami Town Company, bought 588 acres (238 ha) of land from

714-444: The 1990s, most recently during the 2019 Arkansas River floods . Town residents and neighboring Native American groups have objected to maintaining high water levels on the river at Pensacola Dam and its popular vacation area, Grand Lake , on the grounds that when water backs up downstream, it can increase Miami's flooding problems. As of the 2010 census, there were 13,570 people, 5,315 households, and 3,337 families residing in

756-750: The 19th century, under pressure from European-American encroachment on their lands. They ceded this land to the Federal Government in exchange for another area farther west in Indian Territory . In 1828, the Western Cherokee, the first group of this nation to relocate west of the Mississippi River, ceded their land in Western Arkansas to the Federal Government in exchange for some of the land just vacated by

798-845: The National Register of Historical Places, including the George L. Coleman Sr. House , the Miami Marathon Oil Company Service Station , and the Miami Downtown Historic District . Public schools serving most of Miami are managed by the Miami Public Schools school district. The high school is Miami High School, whose mascot is the Wardog. The Wardog is a mascot unique to Miami and has not been adopted as

840-515: The Osage. In 1831, the Federal Government reacquired part of what would eventually become Ottawa County in order to forcibly relocate several other tribal nations that had been systematically displaced from the Midwest under its Indian Removal program. These included two tribes of Iroquois , Shawnee , Quapaw , Peoria , Kaskaskia , Miami , Ottawa and Wyandotte . The Neosho Agency administered

882-425: The Ottawa for ten dollars an acre. On June 25–26, 1891 they held an auction of lots. In 1895, Miami incorporated and had more than 800 residents. The discovery of rich deposits of lead and zinc under Quapaw land a few miles north caused Miami to boom. In 1907, at the time of statehood, its population was 1,893. As mining increased and more mills were built, the population more than tripled to 6,802 by 1920. Miami

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924-657: The Shawnee Tribe Status Act of 2000, and the Shawnee Tribe was able to organize as their own autonomous, federally recognized tribe. James R. Squirrel was the initial Chairman and was recognized by the AARP in 2009, as being instrumental in the Shawnee Tribe being federally recognized. Miami, Oklahoma Miami ( / m aɪ ˈ æ m ə / my- AM -ə ) is a city in and the county seat of Ottawa County, Oklahoma , United States, founded in 1891. Lead and zinc mining were established by 1918, causing

966-493: The Union, which inspired the name, "Loyal Shawnee." Instead of receiving compensation or honors for their service, they returned to their Kansas lands, only to find much of it taken over by non-Indian homesteaders . Settlers were granted 130,000 acres (530 km) of Shawnee land, while 70,000 acres (280 km) remained to for the tribe, of which 20,000 acres (81 km) were granted to the Absentee Shawnee. In 1861 Kansas became

1008-661: The affairs of these tribes from 1837 until 1871. In that year, it was renamed as the Quapaw Agency, serving only the tribes in Indian Territory. The Modoc band led by Captain Jack in northern California was exiled and relocated here in 1873, after being taken as prisoner following their defeat in the Modoc War . The 153 members were settled at the Quapaw Agency. After regaining federally recognized status in 1978 as

1050-405: The age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 15% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.2% were non-families. Single individuals living alone accounted for 31.9% of households and individuals 65 years of age or older living alone accounted for 14.7% of households. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.07. In the city,

1092-429: The age of 18 living with them, 55.60% were married couples living together, 10.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.80% were non-families. 26.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.98. In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.70% under

1134-468: The age of 18, 9.70% from 18 to 24, 24.80% from 25 to 44, 22.90% from 45 to 64, and 16.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.10 males. The median income for a household in the county was $ 27,507, and the median income for a family was $ 32,368. Males had a median income of $ 25,725 versus $ 18,879 for females. The per capita income for

1176-571: The area's economy to boom. This area was part of Indian Territory . Miami is the capital of the federally recognized Miami Tribe of Oklahoma , after which it is named; the Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma , the Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma , the Peoria Tribe of Indians , and the Shawnee Tribe . As of the 2020 census , the population was 12,969. The city was founded in an unusual way, compared to other towns established in Indian Territory . Per

1218-522: The areas of Bird Creek (now known as Sperry ); Hudson Creek (now known as Fairland ); and White Oak . The Shawnee Reservation in Kansas was never legally dissolved and some Shawnee families still hold their allotment lands in Kansas. Beginning in the 1980s, the Shawnee Tribe began an effort to regain their own tribal status, independent of the Cherokee Nation. Congress passed Public Law 106-568,

1260-672: The building has been preserved and also serves as a venue for live performances. In 1959 a local non-profit community group established the Miami Little Theatre. The community theater group presents five large-scale productions on the Coleman stage every year. In 1983, the Coleman Theatre was placed on the National Register of Historical Places for Ottawa County . Other Miami structures are also listed on

1302-472: The city. a one percent decline from 13,704 at the 2000 census. The population density was 1,258.7 inhabitants per square mile (486.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 68.9% white , 1.3% African American , 17.1% Native American , 0.5% Asian , 2% Pacific Islander , 2.1% from other races , and 8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race made up 4.8% of the population. There were 5,315 households, out of which 31.9% had children under

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1344-558: The county has a total area of 485 square miles (1,260 km ), of which 471 square miles (1,220 km ) is land and 14 square miles (36 km ) (2.8%) is water. It is the fourth-smallest county in Oklahoma by area. The eastern part of the county lies in the Ozark Plains, while the western is in the Neosho Lowlands. As of the census of 2020, there were 30,285 people, 12,984 households, and 9,114 families residing in

1386-402: The county was $ 14,478. About 13.00% of families and 16.60% of the population were below the poverty line , including 23.80% of those under age 18 and 12.20% of those age 65 or over. Prior to 2008, Ottawa County was a swing county in presidential elections, backing the national winner in all but three presidential elections from 1912 to 2004. It has since become a Republican stronghold similar to

1428-422: The county were included within the Tar Creek Superfund Site in 1980. In 1996 the government found that 34% of the children of Picher had lead poisoning due to groundwater, air and dust effects. Environmental remediation was conducted, but the state and federal government have since closed Picher as a city and relocated nearly all its residents since the early 21st century. According to the U.S. Census Bureau ,

1470-492: The county. The population density was 175/km (450/sq mi). There were 14,842 housing units at an average density of 12/km (31/sq mi). The racial makeup of the county was 68.9% White , 1.2% Black or African American , 20.3% Native American , 0.7% Asian , 0.9% Pacific Islander , 1.54% from other races , and 8.0% from two or more races. 5.9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 14,100 households, out of which 30.90% had children under

1512-802: The local mining industry was controlled by a few large corporations, including Commerce Mining and Royalty Company, the Eagle-Picher Company, the Childers Mining Company, the LaClede Lead and Zinc Company, and the American Lead and Zinc Company. In 1926, at the region's peak of production, Ottawa County was the largest source of lead and zinc in the world. By the 1960s most of the mines had closed, leaving mine shafts, sinkholes, chat piles, and other dangers for future cleanup. Such areas have been designated as part of

1554-423: The population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 57.1% from 18 to 64, and 18.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.8 years. The population was 53.2% female and 46.8% male. The median income for a household in the city was $ 34,561, and the median income for a family was $ 42,313. Males had a median income of $ 32,699 versus $ 25,320 for females. About 14.2% of families and 19.2% of

1596-685: The population were below the poverty line. In 2020, about one in four residents lived in poverty. Local government in Miami consists of an elected Mayor at-large and four councilmen representing four Wards. As of 2023, the city is represented in the Oklahoma House of Representatives by Republican Steve Bashore , and in the Oklahoma Senate by Republican Micheal Bergstrom . The city lies within Oklahoma's 2nd congressional district , represented by Josh Brecheen since 2023. Miami

1638-425: The rest of the state, with Donald Trump 's 2020 51.2 point win over Joe Biden being the most lopsided margin of victory in the county's electoral history. Lead and zinc mining has been important to the county economy since 1890, and Quapaw lands have been exploited for mining, first by lease. They were restricted in terms of receiving royalties and were generally excluded by discrimination from mining jobs. By 1910,

1680-408: The two-year community college had about 2,000 students. Ottawa County, Oklahoma Ottawa County is a county located in the northeastern corner of the U.S. state of Oklahoma . As of the 2020 census , the population was 30,285. Its county seat is Miami . The county was named for the Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma . It is also the location of the federally recognized Modoc Nation and

1722-427: Was inhabited for thousands of years by succeeding cultures of prehistoric indigenous peoples. According to the Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History & Culture , at the start of the 20th century, there were eight known Archaic sites (6000 B. C. to 1 A. D.), sixteen Woodland sites (1 A. D. to 1000 A.D.), and six Plains Village sites (1000 to 1500 A. D.). The Osage Nation had moved into the area from Missouri and Kansas by

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1764-645: Was on the route of the Jefferson Highway established in 1915, with that international road running more than 2,300 miles (3,700 km) from Winnipeg , Manitoba in Canada across the border and to New Orleans , Louisiana. US Route 66 in Oklahoma also passed through Miami. An historic section of the Route 66 roadbed is marked in Miami. It is the capital of the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma, after which it

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