Trismus is a condition of restricted opening of the mouth. The term was initially used in the setting of tetanus . Trismus may be caused by spasm of the muscles of mastication or a variety of other causes. Temporary trismus occurs much more frequently than permanent trismus. It is known to interfere with eating, speaking, and maintaining proper oral hygiene. This interference, specifically with an inability to swallow properly, results in an increased risk of aspiration . In some instances, trismus presents with altered facial appearance. The condition may be distressing and painful. Examination and treatments requiring access to the oral cavity can be limited, or in some cases impossible, due to the nature of the condition itself.
13-685: [REDACTED] Look up lockjaw in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Lockjaw can refer to: Medical conditions and diseases [ edit ] Trismus , a pathological condition in which the mouth is held shut by sustained spasm of the masseter (jaw) muscle, often observed in cases of tetanus Tetanus , an infectious disease of the central nervous system Temporomandibular joint dysfunction or TMD, often erroneously called TMJ Music [ edit ] Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis , American jazz saxophonist Lockjaw (band) , an English punk band from
26-565: A character from Marvel Comics' Inhumans Locust Valley Lockjaw , an upper-class American accent Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Lockjaw . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lockjaw&oldid=1166268721 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Obsolete medical terms Hidden categories: Short description
39-457: A synonym for both trismus and tetanus . Normal mouth-opening ranges from 35 to 45 mm. Males usually have slightly greater mouth opening than females. (40–60 mm, average of 50 mm). The normal lateral movement is 8–12 mm, and normal protrusive movement is approximately 10 mm. Some have distinguished mild trismus as 20–30 mm interincisal opening, moderate as 10–20 mm and severe as less than 10 mm. Trismus
52-499: Is a symptom of nasopharyngeal or infratemporal tumors/ fibrosis of temporalis tendon, when patient has limited mouth opening, always premalignant conditions like oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) should also be considered in differential diagnosis. Succinyl choline , phenothiazines and tricyclic antidepressants causes trismus as a secondary effect. Trismus can be seen as an extra-pyramidal side-effect of metoclopromide , phenothiazines and other medications. X-ray/CT scan taken from
65-665: Is derived from the Greek word trigmos/trismos meaning "a scream; a grinding, rasping or gnashing". Traditionally causes of trismus are divided into intra-articular (factors within the temporomandibular joint [TMJ]) and extra-articular (factors outside the joint, see table). Intra-articular: Extra-articular: Fractures, particularly those of the mandible and fractures of zygomatic arch and zygomatic arch complex, accidental incorporation of foreign bodies due to external traumatic injury. Treatment: fracture reduction, removal of foreign bodies with antibiotic coverage Rarely, trismus
78-406: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Trismus Trismus is defined as painful restriction in opening the mouth due to a muscle spasm, however it can also refer to limited mouth opening of any cause. Another definition of trismus is simply a limitation of movement. Historically and commonly, the term lockjaw was sometimes used as
91-534: The 1970s Lockjaw (album) , a 1995 album by Dance Hall Crashers Lockjaw (EP) , a 2013 EP by Flume and Chet Faker "Lockjaw" (song) , a 2016 song by American hip hop artist French Montana and Kodak Black "Lockjaw", a track which features American rapper Trunks and appears on the King Geedorah album Take Me to Your Leader "Lockjaw", a track from the album Mack Daddy by Sir Mix-a-Lot Other uses [ edit ] Lockjaw (comics) ,
104-502: The TMJ to see if there is any damage to the TMJ and surrounding structures. Treatment requires treating the underlying condition with dental treatments, speech therapy for swallowing difficulty and mouth opening restrictions, physical therapy , and passive range of motion devices. Additionally, control of symptoms with pain medications ( NSAIDs ), muscle relaxants , and warm compresses may be used. Splints have been used. Historically,
117-455: The cheekbone), the two being united by an oblique suture (the zygomaticotemporal suture ); the tendon of the temporal muscle passes medial to (i.e. through the middle of) the arch, to gain insertion into the coronoid process of the mandible (jawbone). The jugal point is the point at the anterior (towards face) end of the upper border of the zygomatic arch where the masseteric and maxillary edges meet at an angle, and where it meets
130-472: The process of the zygomatic bone. The arch is typical of Synapsida ("fused arch"), a clade of amniotes that includes mammals and their extinct relatives, such as Moschops and Dimetrodon . The zygomatic process of the temporal arises by two roots: The upper border of the arch gives attachment to the temporal fascia ; the lower border and medial surface give origin to the masseter . High cheekbones are pronounced zygomatic arches, causing
143-399: The term trismus was used to describe the early effects of tetany , also called "lockjaw". Zygomatic arch In anatomy , the zygomatic arch , or cheek bone , is a part of the skull formed by the zygomatic process of the temporal bone (a bone extending forward from the side of the skull, over the opening of the ear) and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone (the side of
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#1732787954019156-470: The upper part of the cheeks to jut out and form a line cut into the sides of the face. High cheekbones, forming a symmetrical face shape , are very common in fashion models and may be considered a beauty trait in both males and females within Eurocentric beauty standards. The term zygomatic derives from the Greek ζύγωμα zygōma, meaning "bolt, bar", derived from ζυγο-, "yoke, join". The Greek word
169-490: Was already used with this anatomical sense by Galen (2.437, 746) in the 2nd century AD. The zygomatic arch is occasionally referred to as the zygoma , but this term usually refers to the zygomatic bone or occasionally the zygomatic process . The zygomatic arch is significant in evolutionary biology , as it is part of the structures derived from the ancestral single temporal fenestra of the synapsid ancestor of mammals . [REDACTED] This article incorporates text in
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