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41-684: The league system is held under the jurisdiction of the Danish FA (DBU), Divisionsforeningen (DF) and its six regional associations . The men's senior league system excludes parallel leagues such as the Reserveliga , which runs in conjunction with primarily the Superliga as a national youth developmental and reserve league. The pyramid for women's football in Denmark runs separately with fewer divisions and levels. The women's top-flight league

82-414: A full-time basis, but still receive some payment. Semi-professionals are not amateur because they receive regular payment from their team, but generally at a considerably lower rate than a full-time professional athlete . As a result, semi-professional players frequently have (or seek) full-time employment elsewhere. A semi-pro player or team could also be one that represents a place of employment that only

123-581: A higher level are only allowed to play in the second-tier and below. Women's teams of DBU Lolland-Falster participate in DBU Zealand regional league structure, while women's teams of DBU Bornholm participate in the DBU Copenhagen regional leagues. The six levels of women's football in Denmark are structured as follows. For each league, its official name in Danish and number of divisions and clubs

164-654: Is administered by the Danish Football Association (DBU) in consultation with its special interests body Kvindedivisionsforeningen (KDF), along with its six regional associations. The highest level of women's league football in Denmark is the Kvindeligaen followed by the second-highest league Kvinde 1. division , collectively known as the Danmarksturneringen i kvindefodbold (Kvinde-DM) and referred to as divisionerne , organised by

205-564: Is controlled by the DBU. As of June 2021 , the teams consist of: The DBU awards the best national team players each year, with an award to the best senior team player, as well as the best player in three of the DBU's six national youth teams. Since 1963, the DBU has awarded the Danish Player of the Year in a vote amongst the Danish players. In the time of amateur football, only players in

246-550: Is four, by Brian Laudrup (1989, 1992, 1995, and 1997). The Young Players of the Year Awards on the other hand are sponsored by Arla Foods , the awards were initially known as Mælkens talentpriser (the Milk Talent Awards) in order to promote the line of dairy products of the company then known as MD Foods. DBU found new sponsor DONG (later DONG Energy), an oil company, in 2004 but Arla went on to sponsor

287-705: Is given. Each division promotes to the league(s) that lie directly above it and relegates to the league(s) that lie directly below it. The first domestic club league was founded in 1889 with the establishment of the Fodboldturneringen , comprising seven amateur clubs exclusively based in Copenhagen, deciding the Copenhagen Football Championship and governed by the Danish Football Association (DBU). In

328-447: Is prohibitive, semi-pro football is common at the adult levels, in the outdoor or indoor variety , providing an outlet for players who have used up their NCAA eligibility and have no further use for maintaining amateur status. As a sport that normally plays only one game per week, American football is especially suited for semi-pro play and commonly known as "working man's" football; meaning the players have regular jobs and play football on

369-399: Is semi-professional and additional criteria apply, the higher the team is placed in the league system. The Danish Workers’ Sport Association (DAI) and Danish Gymnastics and Sports Associations (DGI) organize separate football tournaments at grassroots level or as fitness exercise for adults, with DAI previously having run a separate league system. Company football is also organised outside

410-400: Is the governing body of football in Denmark . It is the organization of Danish football clubs and runs the professional Danish football leagues, alongside the men's and women's national teams. Based in the city of Brøndby , it is a founding member of both FIFA and UEFA . The DBU has also been the governing body of futsal in Denmark since 2008. The DBU was founded on 18 May 1889 and

451-528: The Danmarksturneringen i fodbold ( Herre-DM ) and referred to as divisionerne , organised by the Divisionsforeningen. The top-flight league is professional, while the second-tier league consists primarily of professional and semi-professional teams, with the third-tier and fourth-tier being a semi-professional league consisting of primarily semi-professional and amateur teams with some professional teams. The four top levels then are followed by

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492-554: The Dansk Arbejder Idrætsforbund (DAI). The table below illustrates the current structure of the system. For each league, its official name in Danish and number of divisions and clubs is given. Each division promotes to the league(s) that lie directly above it and relegates to the league(s) that lie directly below it. ↑ 1 promotion spot, ↓ 1 relegation spots ↑ 2 promotion spots, ↓ 1-2 relegation spots The Danish women's football league system

533-696: The Danish FA and Kvindedivisionsforeningen. The Kvindeligaen is considered a semi-professional league, with clubs at the second and third tiers in the Kvinde-DM also being allowed to sign semi-professional player contracts . The season culminates with two lowest placed teams of the Kvindeligaen and the four highest placed teams of the Kvinde 1. division competing in a qualification league tournament called Kvalifikationsligaen. The two tiers are then followed by

574-727: The Olympic Club was accused by a rival club of enticing athletes to jump to its ranks with offers of jobs. An investigation by the Amateur Athletic Union ruled that the Olympics' practice was not actually professionalism but only a "semi" form of it, inventing the term "semi-pro". Although the Amateur Athletic Union did not like the idea very much, it decided that clubs could indeed offer employment without losing their amateur status or compromising

615-464: The United States, where college ice hockey dominates at that age group; the junior leagues in the United States generally operate as fully amateur teams to maintain the players' eligibility to play in college. Lower-end minor leagues and more obscure sports often operate at a semi-professional level due to cost concerns. Because the cost of running a fully professional American football team

656-404: The athlete. In North America, semi-professional athletes and teams were far more common in the early and mid-20th century than they are today. Large blue-collar employers such as factories and shipyards often fielded baseball and basketball teams, with players receiving full-time salaries comparable to other employees. In theory, such players split their work week between athletic training and

697-603: The attendant scholarships , in maintaining amateur status (unlike the Amateur Athletic Union, the NCAA forbade any sort of compensation outside of scholarships, including job offers tied to their playing, until 2020). Eligibility for participation in the Olympics in some sports is still dependent upon maintaining a purely amateur status (although far less so than was previously the case), and such athletes may be supported by government money, business sponsorships, and other systems. At

738-475: The best clubs were playing in both pyramids. The national league structure was reconstructed after World War II with the formation of three nationwide leagues with an equal number of clubs and matches. The current interconnected league system has been in place since 2004, when the regional leagues were reorganised. Professionalism (then referred to as betalt fodbold ) in Danish football was introduced in 1978, but

779-529: The domestic league could achieve the prize, and even after the emergence of paid football in 1978, no players in foreign clubs were eligible for the award. When the award was finally opened to all Danish players, domestic and abroad, in 1983, national team captain Morten Olsen was the first player to win the Player of the Year award taking all Danish players into consideration. The record number of award wins

820-435: The employees are allowed to play on. In this case, it is considered semi-pro because their employer pays them, but for their regular job, not for playing on the company's team. The semi-professional status is not universal throughout the world and depends on each country's labour code and each sports organization's specific regulations. The San Francisco Olympic Club fielded an American football team in 1890. That year,

861-454: The evolution of the women's tiers and leagues related to the Danish FA and DBU Copenhagen , specifically the women's association football being administered by the Danish FA since 1972. Excluded are the women's national championship in the first two seasons (1973 and 1974), which were end-of-the season cup tournaments. Source: Danish Football Association The Danish Football Union ( Danish : Dansk Boldspil-Union ; abbr. DBU )

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902-502: The first team is being relegated to a lower level with their reserve team present. Reserve teams and mother clubs to superstructures are not allowed in the first four levels. The Reserveliga was created as a parallel competition outside of the league structure to run in conjunction with primarily the Superliga as a national youth developmental and reserve league. A separate league system exist, consisting of amateur clubs, and governed by

943-508: The following years, several regional league structures emerged with the establishment of the regional football associations. Five of the newly founded provincial football associations, Jutland FA, Zealand FA, Funen FA, Lolland-Falster FA and Bornholm FA, became part of the Danish Football Association (DBU). With the formation of a regional FA for the capital city in 1903, the administration of the Copenhagen Football League

984-479: The former counties of Denmark : The Faroe Islands and Greenland , which are autonomous territories within Denmark, have their own football associations and are not part of the DBU. Greenland is not a member of FIFA or any continental federation, but the Faroe Islands are a member of both FIFA and UEFA. The Denmark national football teams represents Denmark in international football competitions and

1025-422: The influence of the national FA. The Danish football league system is held under the jurisdiction of the national Danish Football Association (DBU) and its professional body Divisionsforeningen (DF), along with its six regional associations . On top of the hierarchical system sit the level one Superliga , level two 1. division , level three 2. division and the level four 3. division , collectively known as

1066-400: The level five Danmarksserien (Herre-DS), the lowest league classed as nationwide and the highest fully amateur league, operated by the Danish geographical boundaries. The number of promotions and relegations between the highest regional leagues and below are dependent on the number of regional clubs relegated from the fourth tier. This also includes forced relegations of reserve teams, when

1107-434: The level three Kvindeserien (Kvinde-DS), the lowest nationwide league, but organised by the regional football associations. The third level and below are collectively referred to as serierne (or non-league ). The number of local relegated teams from the second-tier to third-tier determines the number of promotion and relegation spots between the third-tier and below. Reserve teams and mother clubs to superstructures playing at

1148-420: The match was supposed to be played, but the match was already cancelled. The team then failed to qualify directly to the world cup. A playoff match will decide if the team will qualify to the world cup. After the 2018 FIFA World Cup , the agreement between DBU and the men's national team expired. The negotiations about terms and salary are still ongoing. Currently DBU has selected a squad without any players from

1189-590: The normal duties of the company's employees, though highly competitive teams often evolved into "sponsored" squads which trained for sports full-time and only nominally worked in the factory. The National Industrial Basketball League evolved out of these company-branded basketball teams. By the 1940s, baseball split off into separate truly amateur softball teams, sometimes sponsored by employers, and an expanded system of fully professionalized minor leagues whose lower ranks included many former industrial players. There are many benefits, such as collegiate eligibility and

1230-535: The prize which was renamed Arla's talentpriser (the Arla Talent Awards) in 2005. In 2017, the negotiations regarding terms and salary with the women's national team broke down, causing DBU to cancel the world cup qualification match against Sweden. The team lost the match 3–0 due to forfeit. DBU was handed a fine by the UEFA disciplinary committee. The national team and DBU came to an agreement before

1271-412: The regional top-flights of DBU Funen , DBU Zealand and DBU Lolland-Falster . Excluded are Landsfodboldturneringen (1912–13 until 1926–27) and Kvalifikations-Cupturneringen (1946 until 1950), which were end-of-the season cup tournaments, and the first seasons of Kvalifikationsturneringen (1950–51 until 1958) was a qualification tournament held at the end of the season. Source: The timeline below lists

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1312-407: The same time, professional sports have become such a massive and remunerative business that even many low-level feeder teams can afford to have fully professional athletes. In Canada, semi-professionalism is prevalent in junior ice hockey , in which the top level players (most of whom are teenagers still in, or just out of, high school) are paid at a semi-professional level. This is not the case in

1353-594: The short summer seasons and low salaries require players to hold jobs in the offseason to make ends meet. There are several hundred semi-professional football teams at non-League level. The bottom division of the English Football League (the fourth tier of the English football league system ) has traditionally been the cut-off point between professional ("full-time") and semi-professional ("part-time") in English football . However, many teams in

1394-422: The top levels, as finances depend on promotion and relegation both of parent male teams and of the female teams themselves. Full professionalism for women is still in the planning stages; top female players often depend on other sources of income (such as coaching and physical training), and many attend university or college while playing. In Scottish football , semi-professional teams compete at all levels below

1435-538: The top non-League competition, the National League , have become "full-time" professional clubs in an effort to achieve League status. Many former League clubs also remain as fully professional teams following relegation to the lower leagues at least for as long as they retain a large enough average attendance to generate the income needed to pay the players. Women's football in England is semi-professional at

1476-554: The top tier of international and national leagues. The team is to play two matches. DBU refuses to negotiate before the end of the two matches. The badge is still in use on the Danish men's kit for the European Championship 2020 (so-named despite being played in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). Semi-professional sports Semi-professional sports are sports in which athletes are not participating on

1517-422: The tournament expanded two years later with a secondary national league. There was no avenue for progression between the national top-flight tournament and regional leagues until 1936, where the best clubs were permanently moved out of the highest regional championship leagues. From 1927 to 1935 the Danish league pyramid had two simultaneous and independent pyramids, the national pyramid, and the regional pyramid, and

1558-538: The weekends. In the 20th century the term "semi-pro football league" refer to higher level amateur leagues, though the players do not get paid, the leagues and the games are run in a somewhat professional manner. The National Lacrosse League , whose teams also typically play only one game per week, pays a salary that is enough to be considered fully professional, but players also are able to pursue outside employment to supplement their income. The lowest levels of organized baseball are also effectively semi-professional, as

1599-401: Was restricted to the top three levels. In 1986, Brøndby IF became the first Danish club with a squad of full time professional players contracts and the first to be publicly listed in 1987. The timeline below lists the evolution of the men's tiers and leagues related to the Danish FA since 1889, including the regional league structures of DBU Copenhagen , DBU Jutland and DBU Bornholm , and

1640-401: Was the first national football association outside Great Britain and Ireland. However, it did not register games officially before the 1908 Summer Olympics , meaning that the win in the 1906 Intercalated Olympics tournament was not officially recorded by the DBU. The following is a list of presidents since its creation in 1905. The DBU is separated into six regional associations, based on

1681-694: Was transferred to the Copenhagen FA. These six regional football competitions were the top-flight leagues, determining the regional club football championship. Between 1912 and 1927, the Danish football championship was determined via a play-off cup tournament at the end of the season, known as the Landsfodboldturneringen . The first nationwide championship league competition, known as the Danmarksmesterskabsturneringen, had its inaugural season in 1927–28 , and

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