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40-816: Prior to settlement by Europeans , the vicinity of the Long Prairie River was inhabited by the Dakota and Ojibwa . However, according to Schoolcraft , in 1832 the land about this river was uninhabited, being a boundary or war road between the Ojibwa and the Dakota. In the Chippewa treaties in 1847, the land on the west bank was ceded by the Pillager Chippewa as a homeland for the Menomini , and

80-433: A nomadic society , which does not have a fixed habitat and moves around seasonally with various settlements. The process of settling land can be, and has often been, controversial: while human migration is a normal phenomenon by itself, it has not been uncommon throughout human history for settlers to have arrived in already-inhabited lands without the intention of living alongside the native population . In these cases,

120-461: A female householder with no husband present, and 30.30% were non-families. 26.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.14. The county population contained 27.40% under the age of 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 24.70% from 25 to 44, 23.80% from 45 to 64, and 16.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

160-490: A foreign land, personal financial hardship, social, cultural, ethnic, or religious persecution (e.g., the Pilgrims and Mormons ), penal deportation (e.g. of convicted criminals from England to Australia), political oppression, and government incentive policies aimed at encouraging foreign settlement. Todd County, Minnesota Todd County is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Minnesota . As of

200-513: A less occupied area and established permanent residence there, often to colonize the area; as first recorded in English in 1605. In United States history , it refers to the Europeans who were part of the process of settling new lands on Indigenous territories . In this usage, pioneers are usually among the first to an area, whereas settlers can arrive after first settlement and join others in

240-540: A quarter of the Long Prairie River's watershed. The river initially flows eastwardly into Todd County ; ditches in its upper course connect the river to Lake Osakis , which is the source of the Sauk River , thereby joining the two rivers' watersheds during periods of high water. At the city of Long Prairie the river turns north-northeastwardly, flowing past Browerville and through a state wildlife management area, into northwestern Morrison County , where it enters

280-525: A route for canoeing . Fish species in the river include northern pike , walleye , smallmouth bass , and largemouth bass . At the United States Geological Survey 's stream gauge in the city of Long Prairie, the annual mean flow of the river between 1972 and 2005 was 166 cubic feet per second (5 m³/s ). The highest recorded flow during the period was 3,270 ft³/s (93 m³/s) on July 22, 1972. The lowest recorded flow

320-502: A total area of 980 sq mi (2,500 km ), of which 945 sq mi (2,450 km ) is land and 35 sq mi (91 km )(3.5%) is water. As of the census of 2000, there were 24,426 people, 9,342 households, and 6,511 families in Todd County. The population density was 25.8 per square mile (10.0/km ). There were 11,900 housing units at an average density of 12.6 per square mile (4.9/km ). The racial makeup of

360-488: A vital role in the early settlement pattern of Todd County. History describes the Long Prairie River valley as a hunting ground for the Dakota and Anishinaabe /Ojibwa, with the river itself providing a transportation link with the Crow Wing and Mississippi . Starting as early as the 1840s the river and its grass-filled valley were where the settlers first established themselves. By the mid-1860s several settlements from

400-464: Is an ongoing phenomenon. The usage is controversial to some. In the Middle East and North Africa , there are a number of references to various squatter and specific policies that are referred to as settler-oriented in nature. Among those: The reasons for the emigration of settlers vary, but often they include the following factors and incentives: the desire to start a new and better life in

440-455: Is because, it seems, settlers couldn't go any further given that the forests and swamps to the west were impenetrable. At the time of Todd County 's original European settlement, the forested areas of the Long Prairie River watershed were substantial. The Marshner Pre-European Settlement Vegetation Map shows that 65.5% of the area was covered by a variety of hardwoods and pines. The first commercial logging began about 1866 and continued through

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480-564: Is often disturbed or destroyed if they come into contact with a settler population that seeks to replace them. Many times throughout history, settlers occupied land that was previously inhabited by long-established peoples, who are designated as native or Indigenous . Additional terms may be used to describe the Indigenous peoples of the Americas and Indigenous Australians , such as Aborigines , First Nations , or Native Americans . In

520-481: Is the very much smaller streams we have today. The 1990s Land Use map shows only 21% of the area forested, much restored due to reforestation plantings, and over 60% of the area as cultivated, hay, pasture or grassland. As the Long Prairie River watershed was settled, roads and railroads took over the job of transportation and shipping. Landowners used the river as a source of water for themselves, their livestock, and more recently, for irrigation . Industry located along

560-574: The 2020 census , the population was 25,262. Its county seat is Long Prairie . The county was created by the Minnesota Territorial legislature on February 20, 1855, although the county government was not organized until January 1, 1867, with Long Prairie as the county seat. It was named for John Blair Smith Todd , who was a delegate from Dakota Territory to the United States House of Representatives , and general in

600-747: The Pillager Chippewa and the Dakota Sioux , the Winnebagoes were in constant danger, so they requested relocation to southern Minnesota, near Mankato , and in 1855 ceded the land to the United States. Settlers had begun farming the region's prairies and clearing its timber by the 1860s. The English name of the river, according to Gilfillan , is derived from the Ojibwa Ga-shagoshkodeia-zibi , transliterated "Long-narrow-Prairie river". The Lonq Prairie River played

640-704: The Union Army during the American Civil War . In 1976 the Todd County Bicentennial Commission compiled an extensive history of the County in a 316 page spiral bound book. The book includes histories of Todd County Villages, townships, and forgotten post offices, among other items. The Crow Wing River flows southeastward along the northeastern border of Todd County. The Long Prairie River flows east-northeast through

680-637: The United States , the terms "Indian" and "American Indian" are still common, but controversial. In order to avoid confusion with actual Indians or Indian Americans (as the Italian explorer Christopher Columbus mistakenly believed that he had arrived in India when he discovered the Americas in the 15th century), the terms "East Indian" and "Asian Indian" are also used to differentiate Indians from

720-512: The poverty line , including 14.60% of those under age 18 and 13.50% of those age 65 or over. Todd County has a large concentration of Amish , about the same population size as the Amish settlement at Harmony . It is home to five different Amish communities, with altogether seven church districts in 2013, which indicates a total population of about 1000 people. Todd County voters tend to vote Republican. In 71% of national elections since 1960,

760-732: The Crow Wing River from the south in Motley Township , about a mile (2 km) southeast of Motley . The Long Prairie River and its watershed were influenced and shaped by a Glacier that covered the region at various intervals during the late Pleistocene. Most of the river's watershed is within the North Central Hardwood Forest ecoregion , which is characterized by hardwood forests of maple and basswood mixed with conifers , on outwash plains and moraines amid flat glacial lakes . According to

800-547: The Indigenous peoples of the United States. The process by which Indigenous territories are settled by foreign peoples is usually called settler colonialism . It relies upon a process of often violent dispossession. In the figurative usage, a "person who goes first or does something first" also applies to the American English use of "pioneer" to refer to a settler – a person who has migrated to

840-531: The Long Prairie River are in a region of numerous lakes north of Alexandria . It issues from Lake Carlos in Carlos Township in Douglas County , just south of Lake Carlos State Park and approximately 7 miles (11 km) north-northeast of Alexandria. Tributaries to Lake Carlos, which drain several lakes including Lake Darling, Lake Ida, Lake Miltona, and Geneva Lake, account for approximately

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880-500: The Long Prairie River. In the dry years of the late 1970s, many irrigation systems were shut down at critical times because of low surface water levels. This action prompted most irrigators to change over to wells. To this day, irrigation systems are flourishing in the deep water-rich sands of the Long Prairie River Valley, but by 1994, only 14 surface water permits still existed in Todd County. The headwaters of

920-493: The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, 41% of the Long Prairie River's watershed below Lake Carlos is used for agriculture; the main crops are potatoes , corn , soybeans and alfalfa . 24% of the watershed is grassland including pasture ; 21% is forested; 10% is water or wetland ; and 3% is urban or developed. Because the river's floodplain is wide and flat, land immediately adjacent to

960-526: The already constructed buildings and homes. At the end of the Civil War the communities west of Long Prairie were settled by Southern soldiers who had fought for the Union Army that were not very welcome in their home state of Kentucky . Once located at the present intersection of County Roads 38 and 11, Whiteville was settled by the three White sisters and their families. Clotho was settled where it

1000-504: The central part of the county, discharging into the Crow Wing on the county's northeastern border. The Wing River, northwest of the Long Prairie River, also flows into the Crow Wing. The county terrain consists of rolling hills, dotted with lakes and etched with drainages. The area is devoted to agriculture. The terrain slopes to the east and south, with its highest point on the west border at 1,483 ft (452 m) ASL. The county has

1040-402: The conflict that arises between the settlers and the natives (or Indigenous peoples ) may result in the dispossession of the latter within the contested territory, usually violently. While settlers can act independently, they may receive support from the government of their country or empire or from a non-governmental organization as part of a larger campaign. The lifestyle of a native population

1080-487: The county was 97.54% White , 0.11% Black or African American , 0.48% Native American , 0.31% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.72% from other races , and 0.82% from two or more races. 1.90% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 52.1% were of German , 11.3% Norwegian and 5.6% Polish ancestry. There were 9,342 households, out of which 31.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.80% were married couples living together, 6.10% had

1120-471: The demise of Hartford when they built on the west side of the river, the community migrated to it and became what is now known as Browerville . Long Prairie was never a river town like Hartford. In the 1840s it was settled as the administrative headquarters for carrying out the agreement between the U.S. government and the Winnebago (now Ho-Chunk ) Indians. The settlement developed along Venewitz Creek and

1160-691: The inception of Slavo-Serbia , Volga Germans , Volhynia , and Russians in Kazakhstan , among other phenomena. Although settlers in the early modern era frequently made use of sea routes—significant waves of settlement could also use long overland routes, such as the Great Trek by the Boer - Afrikaners in South Africa , or the Oregon Trail in the United States. Anthropologists record

1200-683: The land on the east bank was ceded by the Lake Superior Chippewa and the Mississippi Chippewa as a homeland for the Winnebagos , in anticipation of Indian removal out of Wisconsin upon statehood. By the treaty of 1846, the Winnebago tribe owned a vast wilderness area in central Minnesota Territory along the Long Prairie River, the Long Prairie Reservation. Due to ongoing skirmishes between

1240-469: The mid-1890s. Eagle, Moran, Fish Trap, and Turtle creeks were all large enough, at that time, to power mills and float logs to the Long Prairie River where they joined other log rafts on their way to the Crow Wing and to the Mississippi. As most of the trees were harvested, the sandy soils in these areas were left unprotected, increasing erosion, and gradually filling the streams with sediment. The result

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1280-403: The present site of Long Prairie to Motley were prospering, using flatboats , and for a very short time even a steamboat , for transportation and shipping. By 1877 the water level had fallen to a point that only very small watercraft could navigate the river on a regular basis. In late 1877 H.D. Orendorf cut a road down the west side of the river from Turtle Creek to Motley. For many years this

1320-560: The process of human settlement . This correlates with the work of military pioneers , who were tasked with construction of camps before the main body of troops would arrive at the designated campsite. The Russian Empire regularly invited Russian subjects and foreign nationals to settle in sparsely populated lands, mostly in North Asia , but also in Central Asia . These settlers were called colonists. These projects resulted in

1360-399: The river is predominantly agricultural or wetland. Agricultural use is not dominant along the upper (eastward) course of the river, which was historically covered by aspen and oak forest, wetlands, and tallgrass prairie ; downstream of Browerville, farmland and second-growth forest are interspersed. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources has identified the Long Prairie River as

1400-456: The riverbanks and used the river as a source of water and as a discharge point for the waste materials generated by their companies. Few cities and villages used the river for drinking water, because the shallow sand aquifer along the river provided easy access to well water. Wastewater, however, was and still is discharged to the river and to Eagle Creek, one of the larger tributaries. Early irrigation used mostly surface water sources, primarily

1440-720: The tribal displacement of native settlers who drive another tribe from the lands it held, such as the settlement of lands in the area now called Carmel-by-the-Sea, California , where the Ohlone people settled in areas that were previously inhabited by the Esselen people . In Canada , the term "settler" is currently used to describe "the non-Indigenous peoples living in Canada who form the European-descended sociopolitical majority" and thereby asserting that settler colonialism

1480-434: Was 0.84 ft³/s (0 m³/s) on January 12, 1977. Settler A settler is, in the broadest sense, a person who migrates to a new region to establish a permanent presence there. A settler is also called a pioneer if the land that they migrated to was previously uninhabited or sparsely populated. Settlers come from a sedentary society , which has developed in a generally fixed geographical location, in contrast to

1520-416: Was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 101.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.00 males. The median income for a household in the county was $ 32,281, and the median income for a family was $ 39,920. Males had a median income of $ 28,630 versus $ 20,287 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 15,658. About 9.60% of families and 12.90% of the population were below

1560-466: Was said to be more populous than St. Paul at that time. In 1855 the Winnebago had been moved to a reservation in Blue Earth County in southern Minnesota, and the lands were sold to investors from Ohio . The settlement was abandoned during the 1862 Dakota uprising . The area was slowly repopulated by settlers passing through the area who stayed, in many cases, because of the availability of

1600-462: Was the only road down the river valley. Some of the villages that grew up along the 100-mile (160 km) length of the Long Prairie have prospered, while some have disappeared completely. Hartford, on the banks of the river, opposite the mouth of Eagle Creek, was settled in 1865 by John Bassett, who was attracted to the area by the open grasslands north of the river. The railroad brought about

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