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48-585: Longstone or Long Stone may refer to Places [ edit ] Longstone, Edinburgh , a suburb of Edinburgh, Scotland Longstone, County Armagh , a townland in County Armagh, Northern Ireland Longstone, Cornwall , a hamlet in Cornwall, England Longstone, Isles of Scilly , a place in the Isles of Scilly, Cornwall, England Longstone, Somerset ,

96-399: A hill farm , while large estates growing cash crops such as cotton or coffee may be called plantations. Many other terms are used to describe farms to denote their methods of production, as in collective , corporate , intensive , organic or vertical . Other farms may primarily exist for research or education, such as an ant farm , and since farming is synonymous with mass production,

144-653: A location in England Longstone, St Ives , a location in Cornwall, England Great Longstone and Little Longstone , two villages in Derbyshire, England Longstone Lighthouse , a lighthouse on Longstone Rock, Farne Islands, Northumberland, England Prehistoric [ edit ] The Longstone, Mottistone , a standing stone on the Isle of Wight, England The Longstones , two standing stones near Beckhampton, Wiltshire, England Longstone Rath ,

192-465: A great decrease in the number of agricultural workers needed. In Europe, traditional family farms are giving way to larger production units. In Australia, some farms are very large because the land is unable to support a high stocking density of livestock because of climatic conditions. In less developed countries, small farms are the norm, and the majority of rural residents are subsistence farmers , feeding their families and selling any surplus products in

240-418: A greater share of total farming input expenditures towards the purchase of locally sourced input?(e.g. labour and organic fertilisers) and a local multiplier effect is expected to kick in. Overall, green farming practices tend to require more labour inputs than conventional farming (e.g. from comparable levels to as much as 30 per cent more) (FAO 2007 and European Commission 2010), creating jobs in rural areas and

288-512: A higher return on labour inputs." Where most of the income is from some other employment, and the farm is really an expanded residence, the term hobby farm is common. This will allow sufficient size for recreational use but be very unlikely to produce sufficient income to be self-sustaining. Hobby farms are commonly around 2 hectares (4.9 acres) but may be much larger depending upon land prices (which vary regionally). Often very small farms used for intensive primary production are referred to by

336-567: A holding of any size from a fraction of a hectare to several thousand hectares. A farm may operate under a monoculture system or with a variety of cereal or arable crops, which may be separate from or combined with raising livestock. Specialist farms are often denoted as such, thus a dairy farm, fish farm, poultry farm or mink farm. Some farms may not use the word at all, hence vineyard (grapes), orchard (nuts and other fruit), market garden or "truck farm" (vegetables and flowers). Some farms may be denoted by their topographical location, such as

384-480: A key indicator of status and power, especially in Medieval European agrarian societies . The distribution of farm ownership has historically been closely linked to form of government. Medieval feudalism was essentially a system that centralized control of farmland, control of farm labor and political power, while the early American democracy, in which land ownership was a prerequisite for voting rights,

432-529: A large farm becomes a station . A farm in Africa includes various structures. Depending on climate-related areas primarily farming is the raising and breeding of grazing livestock, such as cattle, sheep, ostriches, horses or goats. Predominantly domestic animals are raised for their meat, milk, skin, leather or fiber wool). You might even come across silk farms. Furthermore, there are plenty of hunting farms, guest farms and game farms . Arable] or irrigated land

480-586: A prehistoric ringfort with a standing stone near Cullen, Co. Tipperary, Ireland Boswens Menhir , Cornwall, England, also known as the Long Stone The Long Stone, a standing stone on Shovel Down , Dartmoor, England Other [ edit ] Longstone (band) , an experimental, electronic music collective formed in Cheltenham, England Longstone GAC , a Gaelic Football club from Co. Down, Northern Ireland Topics referred to by

528-680: A system of subsidies and market intervention. Until the 1990s, the policy accounted for over 60 per cent of the European Union's annual budget, and as of 2013 accounts for around 34 per cent. According to the World Bank , "most empirical evidence indicates that land productivity on large farms in Pakistan is lower than that of small farms, holding other factors constant." Small farmers have "higher net returns per hectare" than large farms, according to farm household income data. Nepal

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576-615: Is a non denominational primary school based at Redhall Grove (before 1957 it was based in Longstone Road). Longstone Primary School is a Category C listed structure and was built between 1954 and 1957 to a design by Reid and Forbes in a horizontal art deco style. It is considered a notable example of a 1950s modernist school building. Recently an additional school built next to Longstone Primary School called Redhall Primary School supports children with moderate learning difficulties. Farms There are about 570 million farms in

624-461: Is a tall building where grains, such as wheat and oats are stored. Farmers also use small round metal buildings to store their grain. These buildings are called grain bins . Dairy farming is a class of agriculture, where female cattle , goats , or other mammals are raised for their milk , which may be either processed on-site or transported to a dairy for processing and eventual retail sale There are many breeds of cattle that can be milked some of

672-618: Is an agricultural country and about 80% of the total population are engaged in farming. Rice is mainly produced in Nepal along with fruits like apples. Dairy farming and poultry farming are also growing in Nepal . Farming is a significant economic sector in Australia . A farm is an area of land used for primary production which will include buildings. According to the UN, "green agriculture directs

720-472: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Longstone, Edinburgh Longstone is a suburb of Edinburgh in Scotland . The area is primarily residential in nature, although the area includes several small shops, eateries and supermarkets, as well as one of the main bus depots for the city's buses. The population of Longstone (including Saughton)

768-510: Is fed directly to the cows, or stored as silage for use during the winter season. Additional dietary supplements are added to the feed to improve milk production. Poultry farms are devoted to raising chickens (egg layers or broilers ), turkeys , ducks , and other fowl , generally for meat or eggs . A pig farm is one that specializes in raising pigs for bacon, ham, and other pork products. They may be free range , intensive, or both. Farm control and ownership has traditionally been

816-467: Is often used for raising crops such as feed grains and hay for animal feeding. On some farms (Astro Farm) star-gazing became very popular because of the excellent optical quality in the desert. The High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) which investigates cosmic gamma rays is situated on Farm Göllschau in Namibia . Farm equipment has evolved over the centuries from simple hand tools such as

864-411: Is one of the most important policies of the European Union and is helping in the change of farms from traditional family farms to larger production units. The policy has the objectives of increasing agricultural production, providing certainty in food supplies, ensuring a high quality of life for farmers, stabilizing markets, and ensuring reasonable prices for consumers. It was, until recently, operated by

912-575: Is significantly below the 2005 U.S. poverty level of $ 19,874 for a family of four. In 2007, corn acres are expected to increase by 15% because of the high demand for ethanol, both in and outside of the U.S. Producers are expecting to plant 90.5 million acres (366,000 km ) of corn, making it the largest corn crop since 1944. In the UK, farm as an agricultural unit, always denotes the area of pasture and other fields together with its farmhouse, farmyard and outbuildings. Large farms, or groups of farms under

960-424: Is the norm, with either government ownership of the land or common ownership by a local group. Especially in societies without widespread industrialized farming, tenant farming and sharecropping are common; farmers either pay landowners for the right to use farmland or give up a portion of the crops. Agribusiness is the industry , enterprises , and the field of study of value chains in agriculture and in

1008-643: The British Agricultural Revolution in the 18th century, and the Green Revolution of the second half of the 20th century. Farming originated independently in different parts of the world, as hunter gatherer societies transitioned to food production rather than food capture. It may have started about 12,000 years ago with the domestication of livestock in the Fertile Crescent in western Asia, soon to be followed by

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1056-644: The Neolithic Revolution and first began around 12,000 years ago, near the beginning of the geological epoch of the Holocene around 12,000 years ago. It was the world's first historically verifiable revolution in agriculture. Farming spread from the Middle East to Europe and by 4,000 BC people that lived in the central part of Europe were using oxen to pull plows and wagons. Subsequent step-changes in human farming practices were provoked by

1104-577: The bio-economy , in which case it is also called bio-business or bio-enterprise. The primary goal of agribusiness is to maximize profit while satisfying the needs of consumers for products related to natural resources such as biotechnology , farms, food , forestry , fisheries , fuel , and fiber . Studies of business growth and performance in farming have found successful agricultural businesses are cost-efficient internally and operate in favorable economic, political, and physical-organic environments. They are able to expand and make profits, improve

1152-621: The hoe , through ox- or horse-drawn equipment such as the plough and harrow , to the modern highly technical machinery such as the tractor , baler and combine harvester replacing what was a highly labour-intensive occupation before the Industrial Revolution . Today much of the farm equipment used on both small and large farms is automated (e.g. using satellite guided farming). As new types of high-tech farm equipment have become inaccessible to farmers that historically fixed their own equipment, Wired magazine reports there

1200-535: The "farmstead". Enterprises where livestock are raised on rangeland are called ranches . Where livestock are raised in confinement on feed produced elsewhere, the term feedlot is usually used. In the US, in 1910 there were 6,406,000 farms and 10,174,000 family workers; In 2000 there were only 2,172,000 farms and 2,062,300 family workers. The share of U.S. farms operated by women has risen steadily over recent decades, from 5 percent in 1978 to 14 percent by 2007. In

1248-574: The Longstone Garage but formerly called the Lothian Regional Transport Office. The building was designed by T Bowhill Gibson and Laing in 1949 in the art deco style and was built in 1955. It has space for 220 buses. There are also a small number of shops, a large Sainsburys supermarket and a car dealership, in addition to several churches. Slateford Longstone Church (formerly known as Longstone Hall Church)

1296-561: The United States, there are over three million migrant and seasonal farmworkers; 72% are foreign-born, 78% are male, they have an average age of 36 and average education of 8 years. Farmworkers make an average hourly rate of $ 9–10 per hour, compared to an average of over $ 18 per hour for nonfarm labor. Their average family income is under $ 20,000 and 23% live in families with incomes below the federal poverty level. One-half of all farmworker families earn less than $ 10,000 per year, which

1344-600: The adjacent Water of Leith. Hailes Quarry Park is a public park and recreation area between Longstone and Kingsknowe that is on the site of a former quarry that closed in 1902. Redhall park is a public park bordering Longstone and Slateford that includes a football pitch, pavillon and play area. Redhall park contains the First and Second World War memorial for the Longstone and Slateford communities. Longstone has two educational facilities. Longstone Primary School

1392-654: The aqueduct here. Direct local governance in Longstone is carried under the direction of the Longstone Community Council, established in 1980 and funded by the City of Edinburgh Council . Longstone is represented in the City of Edinburgh Council by four councillors under the Sighthill/Gorgie Ward . The area contains one of the city's main bus depots belonging to Lothian Buses , now named

1440-667: The best producing ones include Holstein , Norwegian Red , Kostroma , Brown Swiss , and more. In most Western countries, a centralized dairy facility processes milk and dairy products, such as cream , butter , and cheese . In the United States, these dairies are usually local companies, while in the southern hemisphere facilities may be run by very large nationwide or trans-national corporations (such as Fonterra ). Dairy farms generally sell male calves for veal meat, as dairy breeds are not normally satisfactory for commercial beef production. Many dairy farms also grow their own feed, typically including maize, alfalfa , and hay. This

1488-406: The cultivation of crops. Modern units tend to specialize in the crops or livestock best suited to the region, with their finished products being sold for the retail market or for further processing, with farm products being traded around the world. A farm may be owned and operated by a single individual, family, community, corporation or a company, may produce one or many types of produce, and can be

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1536-416: The current Longstone Bus Garage was previously in use as a brickworks until the late 1940s. Today, housing is a mixture of terraces and flats, many consist of local authority housing, private housing and Ministry of Defence (armed services) housing, as well as former housing for prisoner officers of the nearby HM Prison Edinburgh . Longstone borders Craiglockhart to the east, Kingsknowe and Colinton to

1584-521: The local market. The word in the sense of an agricultural land-holding derives from the verb "to farm" a revenue source, whether taxes, customs, rents of a group of manors or simply to hold an individual manor by the feudal land tenure of "fee farm". The word is from the medieval Latin noun firma , also the source of the French word ferme , meaning a fixed agreement, contract, from the classical Latin adjective firmus meaning strong, stout, firm. As in

1632-400: The medieval age virtually all manors were engaged in the business of agriculture, which was their principal revenue source, so to hold a manor by the tenure of "fee farm" became synonymous with the practice of agriculture itself. Farming has been innovated at multiple different points and places in human history. The transition from hunter-gatherer to settled, agricultural societies is called

1680-522: The nearby Redhall (also known as Reidhall) castle on the border between Longstone and Craiglockhart beside the Water of Leith. The castle was owned by Adam Otterburn , a Scottish lawyer in the 16th century. It was later besieged and taken by the forces of Oliver Cromwell in 1650. In the 18th century, the castle was demolished and the stones used to build Redhall House in 1756 under the ownership of George Inglis of Auchendinny. The castle's octagonal doocot

1728-402: The productivity of land , labor , and capital , and keep their costs down to ensure market price competitiveness. Agribusiness is not limited to farming. It encompasses a broader spectrum through the agribusiness system which includes input supplies, value-addition , marketing , entrepreneurship , microfinancing , and agricultural extension . The land and buildings of a farm are called

1776-411: The same ownership, may be called an estate. Conversely, a small farm surrounding the owner's dwelling is called a smallholding and is generally focused on self-sufficiency with only the surplus being sold. In Europe, traditional family farms are giving way to larger production units where industrial agriculture and mechanization brings large crop yields. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)

1824-453: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Longstone . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Longstone&oldid=909430408 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1872-623: The south, Wester Hailes and Parkhead to the west, and Saughton , Stenhouse and Slateford to the north. Longstone's most dramatic features are the Slateford Aqueduct (1822) carrying the Union Canal and the adjacent railway viaduct (1842). Underneath these runs the Water of Leith , and the canal may sometimes be seen pouring out through an overflow down into the river. The Water of Leith's visitor centre lies almost underneath

1920-478: The specialization they are being used for, such as a dairy rather than a dairy farm, a piggery, a market garden, etc. This also applies to feedlots, which are specifically developed to a single purpose and are often not able to be used for more general purpose (mixed) farming practices. In remote areas farms can become quite large. As with estates in England, there is no defined size or method of operation at which

1968-568: The walled garden is still in use, as a public garden under the ownership of the Scottish Association for Mental Health (SAMH) and lies within Longstone's boundary. Longstone developed and expanded significantly after the Second World War and now, predominantly consists of post-war, mid 20th century housing in flats and semi-detached villas. In the 1940s, Longstone Road was known as Drumbrydon Road. The area occupied by

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2016-449: The word "farm" may be used to describe wind power generation or puppy farm . Farms have special buildings. Some buildings, such as barns , may hold animals. There may be separate buildings for chickens and pigs. On dairy farms, a milking parlor is an important building. It is where dairy cows are milked. The milk is kept in a milking parlor until a milk tanker comes to get it. There are also special buildings for keeping grain . A silo

2064-446: The world, most of which are small and family-operated. Small farms with a land area of fewer than 2 hectares operate on about 12% of the world's agricultural land, and family farms comprise about 75% of the world's agricultural land. Modern farms in developed countries are highly mechanized. In the United States, livestock may be raised on rangeland and finished in feedlots , and the mechanization of crop production has brought about

2112-399: Was 4,678 in 2019. For much of its early history, Longstone was used for agricultural purposes, with three farms being recorded in the 18th century. Inglis Green Road and manor house lie on the border between Longstone and Slateford. The name Inglis Green was given in 1773 when George Inglis of Redhall leased the land to a local businessman for use as a cloth Bleaching Green . The area

2160-422: Was built on relatively easy paths to individual farm ownership. However, the gradual modernization and mechanization of farming, which greatly increases both the efficiency and capital requirements of farming, has led to increasingly large farms. This has usually been accompanied by the decoupling of political power from farm ownership. In some societies (especially socialist and communist ), collective farming

2208-493: Was designed by the architect Leslie Grahame Thomson MacDougall in 1952 as a dual public hall and church, with a circular tower and copper roof. It was completed in 1954 and opened for worship in 1955 as a church under the Church of Scotland . The Longstone Inn is a 19th-century public house on Longstone road. The inn and several adjacent properties have been abandoned since 2020 after becoming unsafe, following severe flooding of

2256-540: Was formerly the site of a pre-18th century farmstead known as Gray's Mill Farm (used very briefly as a temporary headquarters by Charles Edward Stuart in September 1745) and subsequently developed as a mill and then as a laundry until closing in 1983. In the Victorian period, Longstone was classed as a hamlet in the parish of Colinton . Redhall park and the adjacent street names in Longstone take their name from

2304-527: Was kept and a walled garden also created. The house was subsequently inherited by his nephew, Vice-Admiral John Inglis . By the early 20th century, the House was purchased by the Edinburgh Corporation and converted to a children's home, now since defunct. Some of the adjacent estate has been converted to housing, with the doocot restored, although the main house remains abandoned. However,

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