Isidore Justin Séverin, Baron Taylor (5 August 1789 – 6 September 1879) was a French dramatist, artist, and philanthropist. He was closely associated with the development of French theatre, a pioneer of Romanticism , and also a noted traveller.
73-597: Lord Taylor or Baron Taylor may refer to: Baron Isidore Justin Séverin Taylor (1789–1860), a royal commissioner of the Théâtre-Français Bernard Taylor, Baron Taylor of Mansfield (1895–1991), British coalminer and politician, Labour Party MP Francis Taylor, Baron Taylor of Hadfield (1905–1995), founder of the housebuilder Taylor Woodrow Stephen Taylor, Baron Taylor (1910–1988),
146-707: A British prison hulk during the American Revolutionary War . In 1839, while reflecting on his visit to the United States, Louis Philippe explained in a letter to François Guizot that his three years there had a large influence on his political beliefs and judgments when he became king. In Boston, Louis Philippe learned of the coup of 18 Fructidor (4 September 1797) and of the exile of his mother to Spain. He and his brothers then decided to return to Europe. They went to New Orleans , planning to sail to Havana and thence to Spain. This, however,
219-497: A Conservative peer in 2006 John Taylor, Baron Taylor of Warwick (born 1952), the first black Conservative peer See also [ edit ] Lord & Taylor , department store chain Baroness Taylor (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Lord Taylor . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
292-463: A boys' boarding school. The school, owned by a Monsieur Jost, was in Reichenau , a village on the upper Rhine in the then independent Grisons league state, now part of Switzerland. His salary was 1,400 francs and he taught under the name Monsieur Chabos . He had been at the school for a month when he heard the news from Paris: his father had been guillotined on 6 November 1793 after a trial before
365-484: A king rendered the bourgeoisie enthusiastic. He had, with his own hands, demolished the iron cage of Mont-Saint-Michel , built by Louis XI , and used by Louis XV . He was the companion of Dumouriez, he was the friend of Lafayette ; he had belonged to the Jacobins' club; Mirabeau had slapped him on the shoulder; Danton had said to him: "Young man!" What is there against him? That throne. Take away Louis Philippe
438-518: A member of the reigning House of Bourbon , he was a Prince of the Blood , which entitled him the use of the style " Serene Highness ". His mother was an extremely wealthy heiress who was descended from Louis XIV through a legitimized line. Louis Philippe was the eldest of three sons and a daughter, a family that was to have erratic fortunes from the beginning of the French Revolution to
511-471: A monastery by monks who believed them to be young vagabonds. Another time, he woke up after spending a night in a barn to find himself at the far end of a musket, confronted by a man attempting to keep away thieves. Throughout this period, he never stayed in one place more than 48 hours. Finally, in October 1793, Louis Philippe was appointed a teacher of geography, history, mathematics and modern languages, at
584-794: A senator of the Second Empire in 1869 and made an officer of the Legion of Honour in 1877. After his death, Taylor was buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery with a memorial statue by sculptor Gabriel-Jules Thomas . A decorative bust by Tony Noel (1845-1909) was also erected on behalf of the Taylor Foundation on the Boulevard Saint Martin. Both of these show the baron in old age. There were attractive earlier portraits of him by Jean Alaux when he
657-619: A wood, and retreated in disorder. Lt. General Louis Philippe rallied a group of units, dubbing them "the battalion of Mons", and pushed forward along with other French units, finally overwhelming the outnumbered Austrians. Events in Paris undermined his budding military career. The incompetence of Jean-Nicolas Pache , the new Girondist appointee of 3 October 1792, left the Army of the North almost without supplies. Soon thousands of troops were deserting
730-810: A year he stayed in Muonio , a remote village in the valley of the Tornio river in Lapland . He lived in the rectory under the name Müller, as a guest of the local Lutheran vicar. While visiting Muonio, he supposedly fathered a child with Beata Caisa Wahlborn (1766–1830) called Erik Kolstrøm (1796–1879). Louis Philippe visited the United States ( c. 1796 to 1798), staying in Philadelphia (where his brothers Antoine and Louis Charles were in exile), New York City (where he most likely stayed at
803-732: The Army of the North . In the days after Napoléon entered Paris (March 20), Louis XVIII fled to Belgium and Louis Philippe resigned his commission, choosing to join his family in exile in England. This brought him further scorn from royalists because he did not join Louis XVIII in Belgium. Napoléon was soon defeated in the Battle of Waterloo and Louis XVIII was restored to power, but Louis Philippe and his family only returned to France in 1817, after
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#1732797806179876-595: The Bonaparte family . Among his grandchildren were the monarchs Leopold II of Belgium , Empress Carlota of Mexico , Ferdinand I of Bulgaria , and Queen Mercedes of Spain . Louis Philippe was born in the Palais-Royal , the residence of the Orléans family in Paris, to Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres ( Duke of Orléans , upon the death of his father Louis Philippe I ), and Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon . As
949-667: The Bourbon Restoration . The elder branch of the House of Bourbon, to which the kings of France belonged, deeply distrusted the intentions of the cadet branch, which would succeed to the throne of France should the senior branch die out. Louis Philippe's father was exiled from the royal court, and the Orléans confined themselves to studies of the literature and sciences emerging from the Enlightenment . Louis Philippe
1022-655: The Bourbon Restoration . He was proclaimed king in 1830 after his cousin Charles X was forced to abdicate by the July Revolution . The reign of Louis Philippe is known as the July Monarchy and was dominated by wealthy industrialists and bankers. During the period 1840–1848, he followed conservative policies, especially under the influence of French statesman François Guizot . He also promoted friendship with Great Britain and sponsored colonial expansion, notably
1095-643: The French Revolutionary Wars and was promoted to lieutenant general by the age of nineteen, but he broke with the Republic over its decision to execute King Louis XVI . He fled to Switzerland in 1793 after being connected with a plot to restore France's monarchy. His father Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (Philippe Égalité), fell under suspicion and was executed during the Reign of Terror . Louis Philippe remained in exile for 21 years until
1168-639: The French conquest of Algeria . His popularity faded as economic conditions in France deteriorated in 1847, and he was forced to abdicate after the outbreak of the French Revolution of 1848 . He lived for the remainder of his life in exile in the United Kingdom. His supporters were known as Orléanists . The Legitimists supported the main line of the House of Bourbon, and the Bonapartists supported
1241-546: The Girondists moved to arrest him and the two younger brothers of Louis Philippe, Louis-Charles and Antoine Philippe ; the latter had been serving in the Army of Italy . The three were interned in Fort Saint-Jean (Marseille) . Meanwhile, Louis Philippe was forced to live in the shadows, avoiding both pro-Republican revolutionaries and Legitimist French émigré centres in various parts of Europe and also in
1314-621: The Rhine . Dumouriez praised Louis Philippe's performance in a letter after the battle. Louis Philippe was recalled to Paris to give an account of the Battle at Valmy to the French government. He had a rather trying interview with Georges Danton , the Minister of Justice, which he later told his children about. Shortly thereafter, he was made Governor of Strasbourg. While in Paris, he was promoted to
1387-607: The Somerindyck family estate on Broadway and 75th Street with other exiled princes), and Boston . In Boston, he taught French for a time and lived in lodgings over what is now the Union Oyster House , Boston's oldest restaurant. During his time in the United States, Louis Philippe met with American politicians and people of high society, including George Clinton , John Jay , Alexander Hamilton , and George Washington . His visit to Cape Cod in 1797 coincided with
1460-586: The Theatre Francaise . He used this position to encourage the production of Romantic drama . Among those he helped was Alexandre Dumas , who dedicated to Taylor his first successful play, Henri III et sa cour (The court of Henry III, 1829). Taylor himself authored plays with a Levantine background, Ismael et Maryam, ou l'arabe et la chrétienne (The Arab and the Christian, 1821) and La fille de l'Hébreu et le chevalier du temple (The Jewess and
1533-563: The Vendôme Column in 1833, and the Arc de Triomphe , a monument to Napoleon's victories, was inaugurated in 1836. Louis Philippe also commissioned the creation of a national history museum at the Palace of Versailles , where famous Napoleonic battles were painted by important artists. In parliament, the narrow, property-qualified electorate of the time (only about 1 in every 170 citizens
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#17327978061791606-580: The regent for the young Henri. Charles X and his family, including his grandson, went into exile in the United Kingdom . The young ex-king, the Duke of Bordeaux, in exile took the title of Comte de Chambord . Later he became the pretender to the throne of France and was supported by the Legitimists . Louis Philippe was sworn in as King Louis Philippe I on 9 August 1830. Upon his accession to
1679-587: The Austrian army. He first moved to Switzerland under an assumed name, and met up with the Countess of Genlis and his sister Adélaïde at Schaffhausen . From there they went to Zürich , where the Swiss authorities decreed that to protect Swiss neutrality, Louis Philippe would have to leave the city. They went to Zug , where Louis Philippe was discovered by a group of émigrés . It became quite apparent that for
1752-604: The Austrian camp. They were intercepted by Lieutenant-Colonel Louis-Nicolas Davout, who had served at the Battle of Jemappes with Louis Philippe. As Dumouriez ordered the Colonel back to the camp, some of his soldiers cried out against the General, now declared a traitor by the National Convention. Shots rang out as the two men fled toward the Austrian camp. The next day, Dumouriez again tried to rally soldiers against
1825-517: The Duke of Biron, along with several officers who later gained distinction. These included Colonel Louis Alexandre Berthier and Lieutenant Colonel Alexandre de Beauharnais (husband of the future Empress Joséphine ). After the Kingdom of France declared war on the Habsburg monarchy on 20 April 1792, Louis Philippe first participated in what became known as the French Revolutionary Wars within
1898-487: The French regions, Voyages pittoresques et romantiques dans l'ancienne France (1820–63), the nearly 7000 lithographs in which were the first to catalogue the French artistic patrimony. Another book, La Syrie, l'Égypte, la Palestine et la Judée (Paris, 1839), was illustrated with the author's watercolours , two of which are now in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum . Ennobled in 1825 by King Charles X , he
1971-547: The French-occupied Austrian Netherlands at Boussu on about 28 April 1792. He was next engaged at Quaregnon on about 29 April 1792, and then at Quiévrain near Jemappes on about 30 April 1792. There he was instrumental in rallying a unit of retreating soldiers after French forces had been victorious at the Battle of Quiévrain (1792) two days earlier on 28 April 1792. The Duke of Biron wrote to War Minister Pierre Marie de Grave , praising
2044-581: The Orléans family. Philippe Égalité spoke in the National Convention , condemning his son for his actions, asserting that he would not spare his son, much akin to the Roman consul Brutus and his sons. However, letters from Louis Philippe to his father were discovered in transit and were read out to the Convention. Philippe Égalité was then put under continuous surveillance. Shortly thereafter,
2117-570: The Restoration and the Revolution, to have that disquieting side of the revolutionary which becomes reassuring in governing power ... He had been proscribed, a wanderer, poor. He had lived by his own labor. In Switzerland, this heir to the richest princely domains in France had sold an old horse in order to obtain bread. At Reichenau, he gave lessons in mathematics, while his sister Adelaide did wool work and sewed. These souvenirs connected with
2190-642: The Revolutionary Tribunal. After Louis Philippe left Reichenau, he separated the now sixteen-year-old Adélaïde from the Countess of Genlis, who had fallen out with Louis Philippe. Adélaïde went to live with her great-aunt the Princess of Conti at Fribourg , then to Bavaria and Hungary and, finally, to her mother, who was exiled in Spain. Louis Philippe travelled extensively. He visited Scandinavia in 1795 and then moved on to Finland. For about
2263-617: The Templar, 1823) and co-authored with Charles Nodier an adaptation of Charles Maturin 's successful drama, Bertram ou le pirate (1821). After age 50 in the 1840s he focussed on philanthropic activity, setting up several mutual societies for members of the artistic professions. They continue to this day as the Taylor Foundation . In recognition of his work he was elected to the Académie Française in 1847, named
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2336-416: The army. Louis Philippe was alienated by the more radical policies of the Republic . After the National Convention decided to put the deposed King to death, Louis Philippe began to consider leaving France. He was dismayed that his own father, known then as Philippe Égalité , voted in favour of the execution. Louis Philippe was willing to stay to fulfill his duties in the army, but he became implicated in
2409-561: The convention; however, he found that the artillery had declared itself in favour of the Republic. He and Louis Philippe had no choice but to go into exile when Philippe Égalité was arrested. At the age of nineteen, and already ranked as a Lieutenant General, Louis Philippe left France. He did not return for twenty-one years. The reaction in Paris to Louis Philippe's involvement in Dumouriez's treason inevitably resulted in misfortunes for
2482-512: The division of the town of Eastham into two towns, one of which took the name of Orleans, possibly in his honour. During their sojourn, the Orléans princes travelled throughout the country, as far south as Nashville and as far north as Maine . The brothers were even held in Philadelphia briefly during an outbreak of yellow fever . Louis Philippe is also thought to have met Isaac Snow of Orleans , Massachusetts, who had escaped to France from
2555-684: The information is based on the article in the French Misplaced Pages. Louis Philippe I Louis Philippe I (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850), nicknamed the Citizen King , was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, and the penultimate monarch of France . He abdicated from his throne during the French Revolution of 1848 , which led to the foundation of the French Second Republic . As Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres, he distinguished himself commanding troops during
2628-537: The initiative to join the Jacobin Club , a move that his father supported. In June 1791, Louis Philippe got his first opportunity to become involved in the affairs of France. In 1785, he had been given the hereditary appointment of Colonel of the Chartres Dragoons (renamed 14th Dragoons in 1791). With war imminent in 1791, all proprietary colonels were ordered to join their regiments. Louis Philippe
2701-485: The king, there remains the man. And the man is good. He is good at times even to the point of being admirable. Often, in the midst of his gravest souvenirs, after a day of conflict with the whole diplomacy of the continent, he returned at night to his apartments, and there, exhausted with fatigue, overwhelmed with sleep, what did he do? He took a death sentence and passed the night in revising a criminal suit , considering it something to hold his own against Europe, but that it
2774-514: The left, class oppression of the poor and rule in the interests of the rich." In foreign affairs it was a quiet period, with friendship with Great Britain. In October 1844 he paid a visit to Queen Victoria at Windsor Castle . This made him the first reigning French king to set foot on English soil since Jean II was imprisoned there after the Battle of Poitiers in 1356. Throughout his reign, Louis Philippe faced domestic opposition from various factions, ranging from Legitimists , who supported
2847-476: The liberal opposition. Upon his return to Paris in May 1814, the Duke of Orléans was restored to the rank of lieutenant-general in the army by Louis XVIII. He was denied the title of Altesse Royale ( Royal Highness ), although it was accorded to his wife. Louis Philippe had to settle for the lesser Altesse Serenissime ( Serene Highness ). Less than a year after returning to France, he and his family were uprooted by
2920-542: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lord_Taylor&oldid=1173021871 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Title and name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Baron Isidore Justin S%C3%A9verin Taylor Isidore Taylor
2993-446: The new king defined the manner in which his children, as well as his "beloved" sister, would continue to bear the surname "d'Orléans" and the arms of Orléans, declared that his eldest son, as Prince Royal (not Dauphin ), would bear the title Duke of Orléans , that the younger sons would continue to have their previous titles, and that his sister and daughters would be styled Princesses of Orléans , not of France . His ascent to
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3066-471: The next fifteen years. During these years, Louis Philippe taught mathematics and geography at the now-defunct Great Ealing School , reckoned, in its 19th-century heyday, to be "the best private school in England". In 1808, Louis Philippe proposed to Princess Elizabeth , daughter of King George III . His Catholicism and the opposition of her mother Queen Charlotte meant the Princess reluctantly declined
3139-553: The offer. In 1809, Louis Philippe married Princess Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily , daughter of King Ferdinand IV of Naples and Maria Carolina of Austria . The ceremony was celebrated in Palermo 25 November 1809. The marriage was controversial because her mother's younger sister was Queen Marie Antoinette , and Louis Philippe's father was considered to have a role in Marie Antoinette's execution. The Queen of Naples
3212-477: The people. An industrial and agricultural depression in 1846 led to the 1848 Revolutions , and Louis Philippe's abdication. The dissonance between his positive early reputation and his late unpopularity was epitomized by Victor Hugo in Les Misérables as an oxymoron describing his reign as "Prince Equality", in which Hugo states: [Louis Philippe had to] bear in his own person the contradiction of
3285-728: The plot Dumouriez had planned to ally with the Austrians, march his army on Paris, and restore the Constitution of 1791 . Dumouriez had met with Louis Philippe on 22 March 1793 and urged his subordinate to join in the attempt. With the French government falling into the Reign of Terror about the time of the creation of the Revolutionary Tribunal earlier in March 1793, Louis Philippe decided to leave France to save his life. On 4 April, Dumouriez and Louis Philippe left for
3358-468: The policies of Joseph de Villèle and later of Jules de Polignac caused him to be viewed as a constant threat to the stability of Charles' government. This soon proved to be to his advantage. In 1830, the July Revolution overthrew Charles X, who abdicated in favour of his 10-year-old grandson, Henri, Duke of Bordeaux . Charles X named Louis Philippe Lieutenant général du royaume , and charged him to announce his desire to have his grandson succeed him to
3431-410: The popularly elected Chamber of Deputies . Louis Philippe did not do this, in order to increase his own chances of succession. As a consequence, because the chamber was aware of his liberal policies and of his popularity with the masses, they proclaimed Louis Philippe as the new French king, displacing the senior branch of the House of Bourbon . For the prior eleven days Louis Philippe had been acting as
3504-492: The rank of lieutenant general. In October Louis Philippe returned to the Army of the North, where Dumouriez had begun a march into the Austrian Netherlands (now Belgium ). Louis Philippe again commanded a brigade, even though he held the rank of lieutenant general. On 6 November 1792, Dumouriez chose to attack an Austrian force in a strong position on the heights of Cuesmes and Jemappes to the west of Mons . Louis Philippe's division sustained heavy casualties as it attacked through
3577-414: The reign of his cousin Louis XVIII , at the time of the Bourbon Restoration . Louis Philippe had reconciled the Orléans family with Louis XVIII in exile, and was once more to be found in the elaborate royal court. However, his resentment at the treatment of his family, the cadet branch of the House of Bourbon under the Ancien Régime , caused friction between him and Louis XVIII, and he openly sided with
3650-421: The return of Napoléon from Elba, known as the Hundred Days . On 6 March 1815, after the news of Napoléon's return to France reached Paris, Louis Philippe was dispatched to Lyon with the Comte d'Artois (the future Charles X) to organize a defense against the Emperor, but the hopelessness of the situation soon became apparent and he was back in the capital by the 12th. Thereafter, Louis XVIII made him commander of
3723-510: The same day, another crowd threatened to harm the priests. Louis Philippe put himself between a peasant armed with a carbine and the priests, saving their lives. The next day, Louis Philippe dived into a river to save a drowning local engineer. For this action, he received a civic crown from the local municipality. His regiment was moved north to Flanders at the end of 1791 after the 27 August 1791 Declaration of Pillnitz . Louis Philippe served under his father's crony, Armand Louis de Gontaut
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#17327978061793796-417: The senior branch of the Bourbons over the Orléans branch, to Republicans . This opposition, however, was weak and fragmented. In the spring of 1832, a terrible outbreak of cholera in Paris fueled resentment against the July Monarchy and reignited revolutionary fervor. Many Parisians blamed Louis Philippe and his government for their perceived inaction in the face of the epidemic. This resentment culminated in
3869-402: The short-lived Republican uprising called the June Rebellion , in which insurrectionists took over a portion of central Paris. The rebellion was quickly crushed by a huge force of soldiers and National Guards who descended on the city. Louis Philippe showed a cool resolve throughout the crisis, coming to Paris as soon as he was informed of the disturbances, greeting the troops, and going amongst
3942-467: The sixth life peer to be created (1958) Thomas Taylor, Baron Taylor of Gryfe (1912–2001), British politician Tom Taylor, Baron Taylor of Blackburn (1929–2016), Labour member of the House of Lords Peter Taylor, Baron Taylor of Gosforth (1930–1997), Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales from 1992 to 1996 Matthew Taylor, Baron Taylor of Goss Moor (born 1963), Liberal Democrat peer John Taylor, Baron Taylor of Holbeach (born 1943), created
4015-490: The three brothers spent a year in Cuba (from spring 1798 to autumn 1799), until they were unexpectedly expelled by the Spanish authorities. They sailed via the Bahamas to Nova Scotia , where they were received by the Duke of Kent , son of King George III and (later) father of Queen Victoria . Louis Philippe struck up a lasting friendship with the British prince. Eventually, the brothers sailed back to New York, and in January 1800, they arrived in England, where they stayed for
4088-398: The throne, Louis Philippe assumed the title of King of the French , a title previously adopted by Louis XVI in the short-lived Constitution of 1791 . Linking the monarchy to a people instead of a territory (as the previous designation King of France and of Navarre ) was aimed at undercutting the Legitimist claims of Charles X and his family. By an ordinance he signed on 13 August 1830,
4161-506: The title of King of the French was seen as a betrayal by Emperor Nicholas I of Russia . Nicholas ended their friendship. In 1832, Louis' daughter, Princess Louise-Marie , married the first ruler of Belgium, King Leopold I . Their descendants include all subsequent Kings of the Belgians, and Empress Carlota of Mexico . Louis Philippe ruled in an unpretentious fashion, avoiding the pomp and lavish spending of his predecessors. Despite this outward appearance of simplicity, his support came from
4234-458: The wave of repression and recriminations had faded. Louis Philippe was on far friendlier terms with Louis XVIII's brother and successor, Charles X, who acceded to the throne in 1824, and with whom he socialized. Charles X granted him the Altesse Royale title, and permitted Louis Henri, Prince of Condé to make Louis Philippe's fourth son, Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale , heir to the domaine of Chantilly . However, Louis Philippe's opposition to
4307-444: The wealthy bourgeoisie . At first, he was much loved and called the "Citizen King" and the "bourgeois monarch", but his popularity suffered as his government was perceived as increasingly conservative and monarchical. Because he owed his elevation to a revolution in Paris and a faction of liberal deputies in the parliament of Charles X, Louis Philippe's rule "lacked...the mystical appeal of its Divine Right predecessor. Support for it
4380-405: The women to settle peacefully anywhere, they would have to separate from Louis Philippe. He then left with his faithful valet Baudouin for the heights of the Alps , and then to Basel , where he sold all but one of his horses. Now moving from town to town throughout Switzerland, he and Baudouin found themselves very much exposed to all the distresses of extended travelling. They were refused entry to
4453-497: The young Louis Philippe showed his liberal sympathies when he helped break down the door of a prison cell in Mont Saint-Michel , during a visit there with the Countess of Genlis. From October 1788 to October 1789, the Palais Royal was a meeting-place for the revolutionaries. Louis Philippe grew up in a period that changed Europe as a whole and, following his father's strong support for the Revolution, he involved himself completely in those changes. In his diary, he reports that he took
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#17327978061794526-468: The young colonel, who was promoted to brigadier general ; he commanded the 4th Brigade of cavalry in Nicolas Luckner 's Army of the North . In the Army of the North, Louis Philippe served with four future Marshals of France: Étienne-Jacques-Joseph-Alexandre MacDonald , Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier (who would later be killed in an assassination attempt on Louis Philippe ), Louis-Nicolas Davout and Nicolas Oudinot . Charles François Dumouriez
4599-400: Was 22, and by Federico de Madrazo y Kuntz at the age of 44. The latter is a three-quarters bust that pictures him in his official uniform in 1838. He also figures in the crowded canvas of Édouard Manet 's Music in the Tuileries (1862). Taylor is pictured in the mid-foreground to the left with his cane beneath his arm as he talks to Charles Baudelaire and Theophile Gautier . Much of
4672-416: Was a model officer, and demonstrated his personal bravery in two famous instances. First, three days after Louis XVI's flight to Varennes , a quarrel between two local priests and one of the new constitutional vicars became heated. A crowd surrounded the inn where the priests were staying, demanding blood. The young colonel broke through the crowd and extricated the two priests, who fled. At a river crossing on
4745-449: Was a still greater matter to rescue a man from the executioner. Louis Philippe survived seven assassination attempts. On 28 July 1835, Louis Philippe survived an assassination attempt by Giuseppe Mario Fieschi and two other conspirators in Paris . During the king's annual review of the Paris National Guard commemorating the revolution, Louis Philippe was passing along the Boulevard du Temple , which connected Place de la République to
4818-478: Was a troubled journey, as Spain and Great Britain were then at war . While in colonial Louisiana in 1798, they were entertained by Julien Poydras in the town of Pointe Coupée , as well as by the Marigny de Mandeville family in New Orleans. They sailed for Havana in an American corvette , but a British warship intercepted their ship in the Gulf of Mexico . The British seized the three brothers, but took them to Havana anyway. Unable to find passage to Europe,
4891-399: Was appointed to command the Army of the North in August 1792. Louis Philippe continued to command his brigade under him in the Valmy campaign. At the 20 September 1792 Battle of Valmy, Louis Philippe was ordered to place a battery of artillery on the crest of the hill of Valmy. The battle was apparently inconclusive, but the Austrian- Prussian army, short of supplies, was forced back across
4964-408: Was born in Brussels on 5 August 1789; his father Hélie Taylor was English born and took French nationality, and his mother was the Belgian Marie-Jacqueline Walwein (from what was then the Austrian Netherlands ). Originally destined for a military career, the young man neglected this in favour of travelling about Europe and later the Near East. Among the fruits of his travels was a series of books on
5037-442: Was by this time collecting Spanish art on behalf of the new French King Louis Philippe I , who made him a Commissioner of Art in 1838. These paintings constituted the then named Spanish gallery of the Louvre . George Borrow describes meeting Taylor before and during the 1830s in his book The Bible in Spain . Early on the Baron was also active in the theatrical world. Between 1825 and 1838 he served as Royal Commissioner of
5110-449: Was enfranchised at the beginning of the reign) provided Louis Philippe with consistent support. Under his management, the conditions of the working classes deteriorated, and the income gap widened considerably. According to William Fortescue, "Louis Philippe owed his throne to a popular revolution in Paris, he was the 'King of the Barricades', yet he went on to preside over a regime which rapidly gained notoriety for political repression of
5183-447: Was opposed to the match for this reason. She had been very close to her sister and devastated by her execution, but she had given her consent after Louis Philippe had convinced her that he was determined to compensate for the mistakes of his father, and after having agreed to answer all her questions regarding his father. After the abdication of Napoleon, Louis Philippe, known as Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans , returned to France during
5256-458: Was to a much greater degree conditional." Unlike his predecessor, he did not have a dynastic legacy to draw on, so he turned to the glories of Napoleon I to prop up his own regime. He supported the return of Napoleon's remains to France and his son, the Duke of Joinville , brought the remains from Saint Helena for reinterment at Les Invalides . The statue of Napoleon was returned to its spot atop
5329-484: Was tutored by the Countess of Genlis , beginning in 1782. She instilled in him a fondness for liberal thought; it is probably during this period that Louis Philippe picked up his slightly Voltairean brand of Catholicism. When Louis Philippe's grandfather died in 1785, his father succeeded him as Duke of Orléans and Louis Philippe succeeded his father as Duke of Chartres. In 1788, with the French Revolution looming,
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